ARIETE Moka Aroma 1337/41 Manual de usuario

Tipo
Manual de usuario
COD. 4055107100 REV. 3 del 20/10/2016
827070
MOD. 1337/1337A
De’ Longhi Appliances Srl
Divisione Commerciale Ariete
Via San Quirico, 300
50013 Campi Bisenzio (FI)
Internet: www.ariete.net
Macchina da caffè
Coffee maker
Machine a cafè
Kaffeemaschine
Máquina de café
Espressomachine
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Le informazioni riportate in questo manuale sono marcate dai seguenti simboli che indicano:
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DESCRIZIONE DELL’APPARECCHIO
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Pulizia del corpo macchina
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12
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WITH REGARD TO THIS MANUAL
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INTENDED USE
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RESIDUAL RISKS
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during the appliance use
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SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS FOR FUTURE RE-
FERENCE.
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DESCRIPTION OF THE APPLIANCE
$  'ULSWUD\
B - Cup-resting grill
C - Filter holder
D - Drain pan
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base:
manufacturer and CE mark
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assistance toll-free number
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PRELIMINARY PHASES FOR USE
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HOW TO MAKE COFFEE
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light (O) is off
Filling the water tank during use
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DESCRIPTION DE L’APPAREIL
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Mouture du café trop
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Le trou du disque en silicone
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échéant
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Le café est trop
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Le grain de la mouture est
WURSJURV
Pour obtenir un café plus concentré et plus chaud,
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Achtung!
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WICHTIGE SICHERHEITSHINWEISE
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Gefahr für Kinder
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31
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Gefahr wegen Strom
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kommen: es besteht Kurzschlussgefahr!
Vor Reinigungs- oder Wartungsarbeiten stets den Stecker aus der Steckdose
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Gefahr von Schäden wegen anderer Ursachen
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JHIKUWZHUGHQ
Hinweise zu Verbrühungsgefahr
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Achtung - Sachschäden
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Achtung!
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Achtung!
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Reinigung der Silikonscheibe
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Reinigung der Maxi Cappuccino Vorrichtung
Achtung!
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Reinigung des Wassertanks
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UHLQLJHQ
Reinigung des Grills und des Wasserauffangbehälters
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Achtung!
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A PROPOSITO DE ESTE MANUAL
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(VWHDSDUDWRKDVLGRSUR\HFWDGRVRORSDUDXQXVRSULYDGR\SRUORWDQWRVHGHEH
FRQVLGHUDULQDGHFXDGRSDUDXVRFRPHUFLDORLQGXVWULDO
1RVHDVXPHQUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHVSRUXVRLQFRUUHFWRRSRUHPSOHRVGLIHUHQWHVD
ORVSUHYLVWRVHQHOSUHVHQWHPDQXDOGHLQVWUXFFLRQHV
6HUHFRPLHQGDFRQVHUYDUHOHPEDODMHRULJLQDO\DTXHQRVHSUHYpODDVLVWHQFLD
JUDWXLWDSRUGDxRVFDXVDGRVDOPRPHQWRGHOHQYtRSRUXQHPEDODMHQRDGHFXDGR
GHOSURGXFWRDXQ&HQWURGH$VLVWHQFLD$XWRUL]DGR
(ODSDUDWRFXPSOHFRQHOUHJODPHQWR(&1GHOUHODWLYR
DORVPDWHULDOHVHQFRQWDFWRFRQDOLPHQWRV
Peligro para los niños
/RVQLxRVPD\RUHVGHDxRVSXHGHQXWLOL]DUHODSDUDWREDMRODVXSHUYLVLyQGH
una persona responsable o si han sido instruidos sobre el uso del aparato en
VHJXULGDG\VLKDQFRPSUHQGLGRORVSHOLJURVSUHVHQWHVGXUDQWHHOXVR
/DVRSHUDFLRQHVGHOLPSLH]D\PDQWHQLPLHQWRSRUHOXVXDULRQRGHEHQVHUHIHF-
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WXDGDVSRUORVQLxRVDPHQRVTXHVHDQPD\RUHVGHDxRV\HVWpQYLJLODGRV
Es
QHFHVDULRYLJLODUORVQLxRVSDUDTXHQRMXHJXHQFRQHODSDUDWR
0DQWHQHUHODSDUDWR\HOFDEOHGHDOLPHQWDFLyQIXHUDGHODOFDQFHGHORVQLxRVGH
HGDGLQIHULRUDDxRV
1RGHMHORVHOHPHQWRVGHOHPEDODMHDODOFDQFHGHQLxRV\DTXHSRGUtDQRULJLQDU
SHOLJURV
(QHOPRPHQWRTXHGHFLGDQRXWLOL]DUPDVHODSDUDWR\TXLHUDDUURMDUORDODED-
VXUDVHUHFRPLHQGDTXLWDUHOFDEOHGHDOLPHQWDFLyQSDUDHYLWDUTXHHOPLVPRVH
SXHGDUHDFWLYDU6HUHFRPLHQGDDGHPiVHOLPLQDUODVSDUWHVGHODSDUDWRTXHSXH-
GDQRULJLQDUSHOLJURHVSHFLDOPHQWHSDUDORVQLxRVORVFXDOHVSRGUtDQXWLOL]DUOR
SDUDVXVMXHJRV
Peligro debido a electricidad
• El aparato puede ser utilizado por personas con capacidades físicas, sensoriales
RPHQWDOHVUHGXFLGDVRFRQIDOWDGHH[SHULHQFLDRGHFRQRFLPLHQWRVyOREDMR
ODVXSHUYLVLyQGHXQDSHUVRQDUHVSRQVDEOHRVLKDQUHFLELGR\FRPSUHQGLGRODV
LQVWUXFFLRQHVVREUHHOXVRGHODSDUDWRHQVHJXULGDG\VLKDQFRPSUHQGLGRORV
SHOLJURVSUHVHQWHVGXUDQWHHOXVR
$QWHVGHFRQHFWDUHODSDUDWRDODUHGGHDOLPHQWDFLyQFRPSUXHEHTXHODWHQVLyQLQ-
GLFDGDHQODHWLTXHWDXELFDGDGHEDMRGHODPiTXLQDFRUUHVSRQGDDODGHODUHGORFDO
(OXVRGHFDEOHVDODUJDGRUHVQRDXWRUL]DGRVSRUHOIDEULFDQWHSXHGHSURYRFDU
GDxRV\DFFLGHQWHV
$QWHVGHHIHFWXDUODRSHUDFLyQGHOOHQDGRGHOGHSyVLWRGHDJXDGHVFRQHFWHHO
DSDUDWRGHODWRPDGHFRUULHQWH
6LHOFDEOHGHDOLPHQWDFLyQHVWiGDxDGRGHEHUiVHUVXVWLWXLGRSRUHOIDEULFDQWHR
SRUVXVHUYLFLRGH$VLVWHQFLD7pFQLFDRHQFXDOTXLHUFDVRSRUSHUVRQDOFXDOL¿FD-
GRFRQHO¿QGHSUHYHQLUFXDOTXLHUULHVJR
1RFRORTXHQXQFDODVSDUWHVEDMRWHQVLyQHQFRQWDFWRFRQHODJXD£SXHGHSUR-
YRFDUXQFRUWRFLUFXLWR
Desenchufe la máquina antes de efectuar las operaciones de limpieza o mante-
QLPLHQWR
$QWHVGHGHVSOD]DUHODSDUDWRGHVFRQHFWDUORGHODUHG\YDFLDUHOGHSyVLWRGH
DJXDXWLOL]DUHOPDQJRSDUDLQFOLQDUHODSDUDWR\KDFHUVDOLUHODJXDSRUHOSLWR-
UURWHQLHQGRHOPi[LPRFXLGDGRSDUDTXHHODJXDQRPRMHOD]RQDGHORVLQWH-
UUXSWRUHVSDUDHYLWDULQ¿OWUDFLRQHVHQODVSDUWHVHOpFWULFDV
1RVXPHUMDHODSDUDWRHQDJXDXRWURVOtTXLGRV
Peligro de daños derivados de otras causas
(OLMDXQDPELHQWHFRQVX¿FLHQWHLOXPLQDFLyQOLPSLR\FRQXQDWRPDGHFRUULHQWH
IiFLOPHQWHDFFHVLEOH
(YLWHLQWURGXFLUHQHOGHSyVLWRXQDFDQWLGDGH[FHVLYDGHDJXD
1RVHGHEHXWLOL]DUHODSDUDWRVLKDFDtGRVLSUHVHQWDGDxRVYLVLEOHVRVLSLHUGH
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DJXD1RXWLOL]DUHODSDUDWRVLHOFDEOHGHDOLPHQWDFLyQRHOHQFKXIHHVWiQGDxD-
GRVRVLHODSDUDWRSUHVHQWDGHIHFWRV7RGRVORVDUUHJORVLQFOXLGDODVXVWLWXFLyQ
GHOFDEOHGHDOLPHQWDFLyQGHEHQVHUHIHFWXDGRVH[FOXVLYDPHQWHSRUHO&HQWUR
GH6HUYLFLR$ULHWHRSRUWpFQLFRVDXWRUL]DGRV$ULHWHSDUDHYLWDUFXDOTXLHUULHVJR
Advertencias relativas a quemaduras
1RGLULMDQXQFDXQFKRUURGHYDSRURGHDJXDFDOLHQWHKDFLDSDUWHVGHOFXHUSR
PDQLSXOHFRQSUHFDXFLyQHOWXERGHYDSRUDJXDFDOLHQWH£SHOLJURGHTXHPDGXUDV
1RWRTXHODVSDUWHVPHWiOLFDVH[WHULRUHVGHODSDUDWRFRQHODSDUDWRHQIXQFLRQD-
PLHQWR\DTXHSRGUtDQFDXVDUTXHPDGXUDV
6LQRVDOHDJXDSRUHOSRUWD¿OWURSRGUtDWUDWDUVHGH¿OWURREVWUXLGR,QWHUUXPSLU
HOVXPLQLVWUR\HVSHUDUDSUR[LPDGDPHQWHGLH]VHJXQGRV4XLWDUOHQWDPHQWHHO
SRUWD¿OWURSXHVWRTXHODHYHQWXDOSUHVLyQSRGUtDSURYRFDUVDOSLFDGXUDV5HDOL]DU
OXHJRODOLPSLH]DGHOPLVPRFRPRLQGLFDGRHQHOSiUUDIRFRUUHVSRQGLHQWH
Atención – daños materiales
&RORTXHODPiTXLQDVREUHXQDVXSHU¿FLHHVWDEOHGRQGHQRVHSXHGDYROFDU
1RXVHODPiTXLQDVLQDJXD\DTXHHQWDOFDVRODERPEDVHTXHPDUtD
1ROOHQHQXQFDHOGHSyVLWRGHODJXDFRQDJXDFDOLHQWHRKLUYLHQGR
1RFRORTXHODPiTXLQDVREUHVXSHU¿FLHVGHPDVLDGRFDOLHQWHVRFHUFDGHOODPDV
OLEUHVFRQHO¿QGHHYLWDUTXHODFDUURFHUtDVHSXHGDGDxDU
(OFDEOHQRGHEHWRFDUODVSDUWHVFDOLHQWHVGHODPiTXLQD
1RXWLOLFHDJXDFRQJDVDGLFLRQDGDGHDQKtGULGRFDUEyQLFR
8WLOL]DUVyORFRQFDIpHQSROYRRFRQFiSVXODVTXHSRVHDQODPDUFDHVWiQGDU
(6(
1RFRORTXHQXQFDHQHOSRUWD¿OWURVXVWDQFLDVTXHQRVHDFDIp'HORFRQWUDULR
SRGUtDQSURYRFDUJUDYHVGDxRVDODSDUDWR
1RGHMHODPiTXLQDDXQDWHPSHUDWXUDDPELHQWHLQIHULRUD&SXHVWRTXHHO
UHVLGXRGHDJXDHQODFDOGHUDSRGUtDKHODUVH\SURYRFDUGDxRV
1RXVHHODSDUDWRHQXQHVSDFLRDODLUHOLEUH
1RH[SRQJDHODSDUDWRDORVDJHQWHVDWPRVIpULFRVOOXYLDVRO«
'HVSXpVGHKDEHUGHVFRQHFWDGRHOHQFKXIHGHDOLPHQWDFLyQ\XQDYH]TXHODV
SDUWHVFDOLHQWHVVHKD\DQHQIULDGRHODSDUDWRVHSRGUiOLPSLDU~QLFDPHQWHFRQ
XQSDxRQRDEUDVLYRKXPHGHFLGRHQDJXDDxDGLHQGRSRFDVJRWDVGHGHWHU-
JHQWHVQHXWURVQRDJUHVLYRVQRXWLOLFHQXQFDGLVROYHQWHVTXHSXHGDQGDxDUHO
SOiVWLFR
 3DUDXQDFRUUHFWDHOLPLQDFLyQGHOSURGXFWRVHJ~QOD'LUHFWLYD(XURSHD
&(VHDFRQVHMDOHHUHOIROOHWRLQFOXLGRHQHOSURGXFWR
GUARDE ESTAS INSTRUCCIONES.
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DESCRIPCIÓN DEL APARATO
A - Bandeja recolectora de gotas
% 5HMLOODDSR\DWD]DV
&3RUWD¿OWUR
D - Goteador
( 'LVFRDJXMHUHDGRGHVLOLFRQD7KHUPRFUHDP
)  )LOWURSDUDWD]DV
*)LOWURSDUDWD]DSDVWLOOD
+'HSyVLWRDJXD
, &XHUSRPiTXLQD
-  7DSDGHOGHSyVLWRGHDJXD
. 'RVL¿FDGRUSUHQVDGRUGHOFDIp
/ &DEOHGHDOLPHQWDFLyQ&ODYLMD
0'LVSRVLWLYR0D[L&DSSXFFLQR\ERTXLOODHURJDGR-
UDGHDJXD\YDSRU
1,QWHUUXSWRUIXQFLyQYDSRU
2,QGLFDGRUOXPLQRVRWHPSHUDWXUDFDOGHUD
3 ,QWHUUXSWRUHURJDFLyQFDIp
43LORWROXPLQRVRHURJDFLyQFDIp
5%RWyQGHHQFHQGLGR
6 7HVWLJRHQFHQGLGR
7  *ULIRHURJDFLyQGHYDSRU
'DWRVGHLGHQWLÀFDFLyQ
(QODHWLTXHWDFRORFDGDGHEDMRGHODEDVHGHDSR\RGHODPiTXLQDVHLQGLFDQORVVLJXLHQWHVGDWRVGHLGHQWL¿FD-
FLyQGHODPiTXLQD
FRQVWUXFWRU\PDUFD&(
PRGHOR0RG
QGHPDWUtFXOD61
WHQVLyQHOpFWULFDGHDOLPHQWDFLyQ9\IUHFXHQFLD+]
potencia eléctrica absorbida (W)
QXPHURYHUGHDVLVWHQFLD
(QODVHYHQWXDOHVVROLFLWDFLRQHVDORV&HQWURVGH$VLVWHQFLD$XWRUL]DGRVLQGLTXHHOPRGHOR\HOQ~PHURGH
PDWUtFXOD
FASES PRELIMINARES DE USO
Puesta en marcha
&RQWUROHTXHODWHQVLyQGHODUHGGRPpVWLFDVHDLJXDOTXHODLQGLFDGDHQODWDUMHWDFRQORVGDWRVWpFQLFRVGHO
DSDUDWR&RORTXHODPiTXLQDVREUHXQDVXSHU¿FLHSODQD
$EULUODWDSDGHOGHSyVLWRGHDJXD-/OHQDUHOGHSyVLWRKDVWDHOQLYHOLQGLFDGRFRQ0$;)LJ
(QODIDVHGHOOHQDGRWHQHUPXFKRFXLGDGRGHTXHHODJXDQRPRMHOD]RQDGHORVLQWHUUXSWRUHVSDUDHYLWDULQÀO-
WUDFLRQHVHQODVSDUWHVHOpFWULFDV
(QFKXIHODFODYLMDHQODWRPDGHFRUULHQWHHOpFWULFDTXHGHEHHVWDUHTXLSDGDFRQSXHVWDDWLHUUD
Primer encendido
Después de haber llenado el deposito con agua natural fresca, ponga en funcionamiento la máquina apre-
WDQGRHOERWyQ5Se ilumina el indicador (S) para indicar que la máquina está encendida(VSHUDUTXHHO
indicador (O) se apague$SULHWHHOLQWHUUXSWRUGHHURJDFLyQGHOFDIp3KDVWDTXHVHYHDVDOLUDJXDGHODV
VHGHGHOSRUWD¿OWUR)LJ
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en el modo siguiente:
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quiere acelerar el enfriamiento de la caldera, colocar un contenedor bajo el capuchinador, pulsar el interruptor
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JXQGRVVRQVX¿FLHQWHVSDUDTXHHOFDIpFDLJDHQODVWDFLWDV6LHOWLHPSRGHHURJDFLyQHVVXSHULRUVLJQL¿FDUi
TXHHOPROLGRHVGHPDVLDGR¿QRRTXHHOSROYRLQWURGXFLGRHQHOSRUWD¿OWURVHKDSUHQVDGRGHIRUPDH[FHVLYD
LIMPIEZA DEL APARATO
¡Atención!
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\GHVHQFKXIDGD
¡Atención!
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46
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FKRUURVGHDJXDGLUHFWD
¡Atención!
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/LPSLH]DGHORVÀOWURVGHOFDIp
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¡Atención!
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6HDFRQVHMDOLPSLDUORV¿OWURVFRQVXPRFXLGDGRPiVRPHQRVFDGDPHVHVXWLOL]DQGRODVSDVWLOODVGHWHUJHQ-
WHV&2))((&/($1GH$ULHWHTXHVHHQFXHQWUDQHQODVWLHQGDV\HQORV&HQWURVGH6HUYLFLR$XWRUL]DGRV
VLJXLHQGRODVLQVWUXFFLRQHVLQFOXLGDVHQODFRQIHFFLyQRELHQDOWHUQDWLYDPHQWHXWLOL]DQGRXQDSDVWLOODGHGH-
WHUJHQWHVLPSOHVLQDGLFLyQGHDEULOODQWDGRUXRWURVDGLWLYRVTXtPLFRVSDUDODYDYDMLOODVHQHOPRGRVLJXLHQWH
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$SUHWDUHOERWyQFDIpSDUDLQLFLDUHOVXPLQLVWURGHODJXD\GHMDUTXHHODJXDVDOJDSRUVHJXQGRV
,QWHUUXPSDHOVXPLQLVWUR\GHMDUTXHODSDVWLOODFXPSODFRQVXIXQFLyQSRUORPHQRVSRUPLQXWRVGHMDQGR
HOSRUWD¿OWURPRQWDGRHQODPiTXLQD
5HSLWDODRSHUDFLyQGHVXPLQLVWURGHODJXDGHMDQGRTXHODERPEDIXQFLRQHSRUDSUR[LPDGDPHQWH
VHJXQGRV\OXHJRGHMHGHVFDQVDUSRURWURVVHJXQGRVKDVWDYDFLDUGRVGHSyVLWRVGHDJXD
4XLWHHOSRUWD¿OWURGHODPiTXLQDH[WUDLJDHO¿OWUR\HQMXiJXHORELHQFRQDJXDFRUULHQWHGHOJULIR
$SDJXHODPiTXLQDGHVHQFKXIHHOFDEOHGHDOLPHQWDFLyQGHODWRPDGHFRUULHQWH\OLPSLHFRQXQDHVSRQMD
HODORMDPLHQWRGHOSRUWD¿OWURSDUDHOLPLQDUHYHQWXDOHVUHVLGXRVGHGHWHUJHQWH
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WD]DVGHDJXDSDUDWHUPLQDUHOHQMXDJXH
Si la máquina del café se usa todos los días se recomienda realizar las operaciones de limpieza por lo menos
FDGDWUHVPHVHV
Limpieza del disco de silicona
/DYDUHOGLVFRGHVLOLFRQD(FRQDJXDFRUULHQWHLQFOLQDQGRDSHQDVKDFLDORVODGRVSDUDOLEHUDUHORUL¿FLR
FHQWUDOGHHYHQWXDOHVUHVLGXRVGHSROYRGHFDIpTXHSRGUtDQREVWUXLUOR)LJ
/LPSLH]DGHODVHGHGHOSRUWDÀOWUR
&RQHOXVRHQODVHGHGHHQJDQFKHGHOSRUWD¿OWURVHSXHGHYHUL¿FDUXQDVHGLPHQWDFLyQGHUHVWRVGHFDIp
TXHVHSXHGHHOLPLQDUFRQXQSDOLOORGHGLHQWHVFRQXQDHVSRQMD)LJRELHQGHMDQGRHVFXUULUDJXDVLQHO
SRUWD¿OWURPRQWDGR)LJ
Limpieza del dispositivo Maxi Cappuccino
¡Atención!
5HDOL]DUODRSHUDFLyQFXDQGRHOWXERFURPDGRHVWpIUtRSDUDHYLWDUTXHPDGXUDV
'HVHQURVTXHHOGLVSRVLWLYR0GHOWXER\ODYDUORFRQDJXDFRUULHQWH(OWXERVHSXHGHOLPSLDUFRQXQSDxR
QRDEUDVLYR9ROYHUDHQURVFDUHOFDSXFKLQDGRUSHUIHFWDPHQWH6LIXHVHQHFHVDULROLPSLHFRQXQDDJXMDHO
RUL¿FLRGHVDOLGDGHOYDSRU&DGDYH]TXHVHXVDKD\TXHGHMDUIXQFLRQDUHOHURJDGRUGHYDSRUGXUDQWHXQRV
VHJXQGRVSDUDOLEHUDUHORUL¿FLRGHHYHQWXDOHVUHVLGXRV
Limpieza del tanque
6HUHFRPLHQGDOLPSLDUSHULyGLFDPHQWHHOLQWHULRUGHOGHSyVLWRFRQXQDHVSRQMDRFRQXQSDxRK~PHGR
Limpieza de la rejilla y de la bandeja recolectora de gotas
+D\TXHUHFRUGDUVHGHYH]HQFXDQGRGHYDFLDUODEDQGHMDUHFROHFWRUDGHJRWDV$
'HVPRQWHODUHMLOOD%\OiYHODFRQDJXDFRUULHQWHH[WUDLJDODEDQGHMDUHFROHFWRUDGHJRWDV$GHODPiTXLQD
YDFtHOD\OiYHODFRQDJXDFRUULHQWH
47
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Limpieza del cuerpo de la máquina
¡Atención!
/LPSLHODVSDUWHV¿MDVGHODPiTXLQDXWLOL]DQGRXQSDxRK~PHGRQRDEUDVLYRSDUDHYLWDUGDxDUHO
HQYROYHQWH
DESCALCIFICACIÓN
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GRPD\RUOLPLWDQGRHQRUPHPHQWHORVULHVJRVGHIRUPDFLyQGHGHSyVLWRVGHFDOHQHODSDUDWR6LDSHVDUGH
HOORGHVSXpVGHDOJ~QWLHPSRHOIXQFLRQDPLHQWRGHODSDUDWRHVWXYLHVHFRPSURPHWLGRFRPRFRQVHFXHQFLD
GHOHPSOHRIUHFXHQWHGHDJXDGXUD\FRQPXFKDFDOVHSXHGHSURFHGHUDODGHVFDOFL¿FDFLyQGHODPiTXLQD
SDUDHOLPLQDUHOIXQFLRQDPLHQWRGHIHFWXRVR8WLOLFHH[FOXVLYDPHQWHSDUDHVWH¿QHOSURGXFWRGHVFDOFL¿FDGRU
12&$/GH$5,(7(DEDVHGHiFLGRFtWULFR(VWHSURGXFWRVHHQFXHQWUDFRQIDFLOLGDGHQORVFHQWURVGH$VLV-
WHQFLD7pFQLFD$ULHWH$ULHWHQRVHDVXPHQLQJXQDUHVSRQVDELOLGDGSRUGDxRVDORVFRPSRQHQWHVLQWHULRUHV
GHODPiTXLQDGHFDIpFDXVDGRVSRUHOXVRGHSURGXFWRVQRFRQIRUPHVDFDXVDGHODSUHVHQFLDGHDGLWLYRV
TXtPLFRV(QHOFDVRGHWHQHUTXHUHDOL]DUXQDGHVFDOFL¿FDFLyQVLJDODVLQGLFDFLRQHVGHOPDQXDOGHLQVWUXF-
FLRQHVGHOSURGXFWRGHVFDOFL¿FDGRU
PUESTA FUERA DE SERVICIO
6LVHGHMDIXHUDGHVHUYLFLRODPiTXLQDHVQHFHVDULRGHVFRQHFWDUODHOpFWULFDPHQWH9DFLDUHOGHSyVLWRGHO
DJXD8WLOL]DUHOPDQJRSDUDLQFOLQDUHODSDUDWR\KDFHUVDOLUHODJXDSRUHOSLWRUURWHQLHQGRPXFKRFXLGDGR
SDUDTXHHODJXDQRPRMHOD]RQDGHORVLQWHUUXSWRUHVSDUDHYLWDULQ¿OWUDFLRQHVHQODVSDUWHVHOpFWULFDV9DFLDU
ODEDQGHMDUHFRJHJRWDV\OLPSLDUODYHUSiUUDIR³/LPSLH]DGHODSDUDWR´
CÓMO SOLUCIONAR ALGUNOS PROBLEMAS
Atención!
(QHOFDVRGHXQIXQFLRQDPLHQWRLQFRUUHFWRDSDJXHLQPHGLDWDPHQWHODPiTXLQD\GHVHQFK~IHOD
PROBLEMAS CAUSAS 5(0(',26
La máquina no
suministra agua
KLUYLHQGRSDUDLQIXVRV
Probablemente ha entrado
DLUHHQHOFLUFXLWR\HVWRKD
GHVFRQHFWDGRODERPED
9HUL¿FDUTXHHOQLYHOGHODJXDHQHOGHSRVLWRVHDQRUPDO
\VLIXHVHQHFHVDULROOHQDUFRQDJXDQDWXUDOIUHVFD
Repetir las operaciones descritas en el párrafo “Fases
SUHOLPLQDUHVDOXVR´
2UL¿FLRGHVDOLGDGHOYDSRUGHOD
ERTXLOODGHVXPLQLVWURREVWUXLGR
(OLPLQDUFRQXQDDJXMDHYHQWXDOHVLQFUXVWDFLRQHVTXHVH
KD\DQIRUPDGRHQHORUL¿FLRGHODERTXLOODGHVXPLQLVWUR
6DOLGDGHYDSRUSRUORV
ERUGHVGHOSRUWD¿OWUR
Se está intentando erogar el café
FRQODIXQFLyQYDSRUDFWLYDGD
$YHULJXDUTXHHOERWyQGHOD
IXQFLyQYDSRUQRKD\DVLGR
SUHVLRQDGRLQDGYHUWLGDPHQWH
,QWHUUXPSLUODHURJDFLyQGHOFDIp3UHVLRQDUHOERWyQ
1SDUDH[FOXLUODIXQFLyQYDSRU(VSHUHTXHHOSLORWR
OXPLQRVR2VHDSDJXHSDUDKDFHURWURFDIp
La máquina no
VXPLQLVWUDYDSRU
+D\SRFDDJXD\ODERPEDQR
DVSLUD
9HUL¿FDUTXHHOQLYHOGHODJXDHQHOGHSRVLWRVHDQRUPDO\
VLIXHVHQHFHVDULROOHQDUFRQDJXDQDWXUDOIUHVFD
2UL¿FLRGHVDOLGDGHOYDSRUGHOD
ERTXLOODGHVXPLQLVWURREVWUXLGR
(OLPLQDUFRQXQDDJXMDHYHQWXDOHVLQFUXVWDFLRQHVTXHVH
KD\DQIRUPDGRHQHORUL¿FLRGHODERTXLOODGHVXPLQLVWUR
48
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PROBLEMAS CAUSAS 5(0(',26
Salida de café por los
ERUGHVGHOSRUWD¿OWUR
3UREDEOHPHQWHVHKD\D
FRORFDGRHQHOSRUWD¿OWURXQD
FDQWLGDGH[FHVLYDGHFDIpPROLGR
lo cual ha impedido de ajustar
KDVWDHOWRSHHOSRUWD¿OWURHQVX
DORMDPLHQWR
4XLWDUHOSRUWD¿OWUROHQWDPHQWHSXHVWRTXHHYHQWXDO
SUHVLyQUHVLGXDOSRGUtDSURGXFLUVDOSLFDGXUDV/LPSLDUHO
DVLHQWRGHHQJDQFKHFRQXQDHVSRQMD)LJ5HSHWLU
ODRSHUDFLyQFRORFDQGRHQHO¿OWURODFRUUHFWDFDQWLGDG
GHFDIp
En la junta del asiento de
HQJDQFKHGHOSRUWD¿OWUR
TXHGDURQUHVWRVGHFDIpPROLGR
Limpiar la junta con un escarbadientes o con una esponja
)LJ
(ORUL¿FLRGHOGLVFRGHVLOLFRQD
HVWiREVWUXLGR
/DYDUHOGLVFRGHVLOLFRQD(FRQDJXDFRUULHQWHLQFOLQDQGR
DSHQDVKDFLDORVODGRVSDUDOLEHUDUHORUL¿FLRFHQWUDOGH
HYHQWXDOHVUHVLGXRVGHSROYRGHFDIpTXHSRGUtDQREVWUXLUOR
)LJ
(O¿OWURTXHFRQWLHQHHOFDIpWLHQH
ORVRUL¿FLRVGHVDOLGDREVWUXLGRV
4XLWDUHOSRUWD¿OWUROHQWDPHQWHSXHVWRTXHHYHQWXDO
SUHVLyQUHVLGXDOSRGUtDSURGXFLUVDOSLFDGXUDV/LPSLDU
FRQXQFHSLOORRXQDDJXMDORVRUL¿FLRVREVWUXLGRVSRU
HO¿OWUR&RORFDUODVSDVWLOODVGHGHWHUJHQWH&2))((
&/($1GH$ULHWH\VHJXLUODVLQVWUXFFLRQHVLQGLFDGDVHQ
ODFRQIHFFLyQ
3DVWLOODPRQRGRVLVGHIHFWXRVD 6XVWLWXLUODSDVWLOODPRQRGRVLVHQHOSRUWD¿OWUR
/DHURJDFLyQGHOFDIp
no se produce o se
produce demasiado
OHQWDPHQWH
El disco agujereado que se
encuentra en el asiento de
HQJDQFKHGHOSRUWD¿OWURWLHQHORV
RUL¿FLRVREVWUXLGRV
$FFLRQDUODPiTXLQDVLQHOSRUWD¿OWURGHMDQGRVDOLUHO
DJXD6LHODJXDQRVDOHHQIRUPDXQLIRUPHSRUWRGRVORV
RUL¿FLRVHIHFWXDUODOLPSLH]DDQWLFDOFiUHDXWLOL]DQGRHO
SURGXFWR$ULHWH12&$/TXHVHFRQVLJXHHQORVFHQWURV
de asistencia Ariete siguiendo las instrucciones indicadas
HQODFRQIHFFLyQ
(O¿OWURTXHFRQWLHQHHOFDIpWLHQH
ORVRUL¿FLRVGHVDOLGDREVWUXLGRV
4XLWDUHOSRUWD¿OWUROHQWDPHQWHSXHVWRTXHHYHQWXDO
SUHVLyQUHVLGXDOSRGUtDSURGXFLUVDOSLFDGXUDV/LPSLDU
FRQXQFHSLOORRXQDDJXMDORVRUL¿FLRVREVWUXLGRVSRU
HO¿OWUR&RORFDUODVSDVWLOODVGHGHWHUJHQWH&2))((
&/($1GH$ULHWH\VHJXLUODVLQVWUXFFLRQHVLQGLFDGDVHQ
ODFRQIHFFLyQ
Mezcla de café molido
GHPDVLDGR¿QD
Probar a utilizar mezcla de café con una moledura más
JUXHVD
Mezcla de café demasiado
SUHQVDGD
3UHQVDUHOFDIpHQHO¿OWURFRQPHQRVSUHVLyQ
El deposito no está bien
PRQWDGR
,QWURGXFLUHOGHSRVLWRHPSXMiQGRORKDVWDHOIRQGR
(ORUL¿FLRGHOGLVFRGHVLOLFRQD
HVWiREVWUXLGR
/DYDUHOGLVFRGHVLOLFRQD(FRQDJXDFRUULHQWH
LQFOLQDQGRDSHQDVKDFLDORVODGRVSDUDOLEHUDUHORUL¿FLR
FHQWUDOGHHYHQWXDOHVUHVLGXRVGHSROYRGHFDIpTXH
SRGUtDQREVWUXLUOR)LJ
+D\SRFDDJXD\ODERPEDQR
DVSLUD
9HUL¿FDUTXHHOQLYHOGHODJXDHQHOGHSRVLWRVHDQRUPDO\
VLIXHVHQHFHVDULROOHQDUFRQDJXDQDWXUDOIUHVFD
3DVWLOODPRQRGRVLVGHIHFWXRVD 6XVWLWXLUODSDVWLOODPRQRGRVLVHQHOSRUWD¿OWUR
5RWXUDGHODSDVWLOODPRQRGRVLV 4XLWDUHOSRUWD¿OWUROLPSLDUHODORMDPLHQWRFRQXQD
HVSRQMD\YROYHUDFRORFDUODSDVWLOODPRQRGRVLV
El café contiene mucha
DJXD\HVWiIUtR
El café ha sido molido
GHPDVLDGRJUXHVR
3DUDREWHQHUXQFDIpPiVFRQFHQWUDGR\PiVFDOLHQWHVH
GHEHXVDUXQDPH]FODGHFDIpPROLGRPiV¿QR'HWRGDV
maneras este problema se soluciona gracias al Sistema
7KHUPRFUHDPHOFXDOJDUDQWL]DVLHPSUHXQFDIpPX\
FDOLHQWH\XQDFUHPDH[TXLVLWDWDPELpQFRQHOFDIp
PROLGRJUXHVR
49
PT
A PROPÓSITO DESTE MANUAL
0HVPRVHRVDSDUHOKRVIRUDPUHDOL]DGRVHPFRQIRUPLGDGHFRPDV1RUPDVHVSHFt¿FDVHXURSHLDVYLJHQWHVH
VmRSRUWDQWRSURWHJLGRVHPWRGDVDVVXDVSDUWHVSRWHQFLDOPHQWHSHULJRVDVGHYHVHOHUDWHQWDPHQWHHVWHV
DYLVRVHXVDURDSDUHOKRVRPHQWHSDUDRXVRDRTXDOIRLGHVWLQDGRSDUDHYLWDUDFLGHQWHVHGDQRV'HL[DUHVWH
PDQXDOVHPSUHDFHVVtYHOSDUDIXWXUDVFRQVXOWDV6HPSUHTXHGHVHMDUFHGHUHVWHDSDUHOKRDRXWUDVSHVVRDV
OHPEUHVHGHLQFOXLUWDPEpPHVWDVLQVWUXo}HV
As informações apresentadas neste manual estão marcadas com os seguintes símbolos, que indicam:
Perigo para as crianças $YLVRUHODWLYRDTXHLPDGXUDV
3HULJRGHYLGRjHOHFWULFLGDGH
Atenção - danos materiais
3HULJRGHGDQRVGHYLGRVDRXWUDVFDXVDV
USO PREVISTO
3RGHXVDUDVXDPiTXLQDSDUDSUHSDUDUFDIpVHFDSSXFFLQRVDOpPGLVVRJUDoDVjSRVVLELOLGDGHGHVDtGD
GHiJXDTXHQWHSRGHPVHUSUHSDUDGRVFKiVHLQIXV}HV(VWHDSDUHOKRIRLFRQFHELGRVRPHQWHSDUDXPXVR
SULYDGRHGHYHVHUFRQVLGHUDGRLQDGHTXDGRRXVRSDUDXWLOL]DomRFRPHUFLDORXLQGXVWULDO
4XDOTXHURXWUDXWLOL]DomRGDPiTXLQDQmRIRLSUHYLVWDSHOR)DEULFDQWHHHVWHQmRVHUHVSRQVDELOL]DSRUTXDO-
TXHUGDQRFDXVDGRSRUXVRLPSUySULRGDPiTXLQD2XVRLPSUySULRGHWHUPLQDWDPEpPDSHUGDGRHIHLWRGH
TXDOTXHUIRUPDGHJDUDQWLD
RISCOS RESÍDUOS
As características de fabrico do aparelho, objecto do presente documento, não permitem proteger o utilizador
GRMDFWRGLUHFWRGHYDSRURXiJXDTXHQWH
Atenção!
3HULJRGHTXHLPDGXUDV'XUDQWHDVDtGDGHiJXDTXHQWHHGHYDSRUQmRRULHQWDURVMDFWRVSDUD
RXWUDVSHVVRDVRXSDUDVLPHVPR(PSXQKDURWXERH[FOXVLYDPHQWHQDSDUWHGHSOiVWLFR
8WLOL]DUVRPHQWHUHFLSLHQWHVTXHVHMDPUHDOL]DGRVFRPPDWHULDO³SDUDDOLPHQWRV´
ADVERTÊNCIAS DE SEGURANÇA
/(5&8,'$'26$0(17((67$6,16758d¯(6
2DSDUHOKRpGHVWLQDGRVRPHQWHSDUDRXVRGRPpVWLFRHQmRGHYHVHUGHVLJQDGR
SDUDXWLOL]DomRFRPHUFLDORXLQGXVWULDO
1mRVHDVVXPHPTXDLVTXHUWLSRVGHUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHSHORXVRLQFRUUHFWRRXSRU
HPSUHJRVGLIHUHQWHVGDTXHOHVSUHYLVWHVSHORSUHVHQWHIROKHWR
5HFRPHQGDVHJXDUGDUDHPEDODJHPRULJLQDOYLVWRTXHQmRpHIHFWXDGDDDV-
VLVWrQFLDJUDWXLWDSRUGDQRVGHYLGRVjHPEDODJHPQmRDGHTXDGDGRSURGXWRQR
PRPHQWRGRHQYLRGRPHVPRDXP&HQWURGH$VVLVWrQFLDDXWRUL]DGR
2DSDUHOKRHVWiFRQIRUPHFRPRUHJXODPHQWR(&1RGH
VREUHPDWHULDLVHPFRQWDFWRFRPDOLPHQWRV
Perigo para as crianças
• O aparelho pode ser usado por crianças com idade superior a 8 anos somente se
RULHQWDGDVSRUXPDSHVVRDUHVSRQViYHOSHODVPHVPDVRXVHWLYHUHPUHFHELGR
LQVWUXo}HVUHODWLYDVDRXVRGRDSDUHOKRHPWRWDOVHJXUDQoDHWLYHUHPFRPSUHHQ-
GLGRRVSHULJRVSUHVHQWHVGXUDQWHRXVR
50
PT
$VRSHUDo}HVGHOLPSH]DHGHPDQXWHQomRSRUSDUWHGRXWLOL]DGRUQmRGHYHP
VHUHIHWXDGDVSRUFULDQoDVH[FHWRVHHVWDVIRUHPPDLRUHVGHDQRVHDWXDUHP
VRERULHQWDomR GHXP DGXOWRe QHFHVViULR FHUWL¿FDUVH TXH DVFULDQoDV QmR
EULQTXHPFRPRDSDUHOKR
Manter sempre o aparelho e o cabo de alimentação fora do alcance de crianças
GHLGDGHLQIHULRUDDQRV
1mRGHL[DURVHOHPHQWRVGDHPEDODJHPDRDOFDQFHGHFULDQoDVSRLVFRQVWLWXHP
SRWHQFLDLVIRQWHVGHSHULJR
1RPRPHQWRHPTXHGHFLGLUQmRXWLOL]DUPDLVRDSDUHOKRUHFRPHQGDPRVFRU-
WDURFDERGHDOLPHQWDomRSDUDTXHQmRSRVVDPDLVIXQFLRQDU5HFRPHQGDPRV
ID]HUFRPTXHVXDVSDUWHVVXVFHSWtYHLVDFRQVWLWXLUSHULJRSULQFLSDOPHQWHSDUD
FULDQoDVTXHSRGHULDPXWLOL]DURDSDUHOKRSDUDEULQFDUWRUQHPVHLQyFXDV
Perigo devido à electricidade
O aparelho pode ser usado por pessoas que possuem capacidades físicas, sen-
VRULDLVRXPHQWDLVUHGX]LGDVRXVHPH[SHULrQFLDRXFRQKHFLPHQWRVRPHQWHVH
RULHQWDGDVSRUXPDSHVVRDUHVSRQViYHOSHODPHVPDRXVHWLYHUHPUHFHELGRH
FRPSUHHQGLGRDVLQVWUXo}HVUHODWLYDVDRXVRGRDSDUHOKRHPWRWDOVHJXUDQoDH
WLYHUHPFRPSUHHQGLGRRVSHULJRVSUHVHQWHVGXUDQWHRXVR
$QWHVGHOLJDURDSDUHOKRjUHGHGHDOLPHQWDomRFHUWL¿FDUVHTXHDWHQVmRLQGLFD-
da na placa de características colocada na parte inferior da máquina correspon-
GDjTXHODGDUHGHORFDO
8VRGHH[WHQV}HVHOpFWULFDVQmRDXWRUL]DGDVSHORIDEULFDQWHGRDSDUHOKRSRGH
SURYRFDUGDQRVHDFLGHQWHV
$QWHVGHSURFHGHUDRHQFKLPHQWRGRGHSyVLWRGHiJXDGHVOLJXHRDSDUHOKRGD
WRPDGD
6HRFDERGHDOLPHQWDomRVHHVWUDJDUGHYHUiVHUVXEVWLWXtGRSHORVHUYLoRGH
$VVLVWrQFLD7pFQLFD$XWRUL]DGRRXSRUSHVVRDFRPTXDOL¿FDomRVLPLODUGHPRGR
DSUHYHQLUTXDOTXHUULVFR
1XQFDFRORFDUDVSDUWHVVREWHQVmRHPFRQWDFWRFRPDiJXDLVWRSRGHSURYRFDU
um curto-circuito!
$QWHVGHHIHFWXDUTXDOTXHULQWHUYHQomRGHOLPSH]DRXPDQXWHQomRGDPiTXLQD
GHVOLJXHVHPSUHD¿FKDGDWRPDGD
$QWHVGHGHVORFDURDSDUHOKRGHVOLJXHRGDUHGHHFRQWLQXHRHVYD]LDPHQWRGR
GHSyVLWRSDUDLVWRXWLOL]HDSHJDSDUDLQFOLQDURDSDUHOKRHID]HUFRPTXHDiJXD
saia pelo bico) prestando muita atenção para que a água não molhe a área dos
LQWHUUXSWRUHVD¿PGHHYLWDULQ¿OWUDo}HVQRLQWHULRUGDVSDUWHVHOpFWULFDV
1mRLPHUJLURDSDUHOKRHPiJXDRXRXWURVOtTXLGRV
Perigo de danos devidos a outras causas
Escolher um ambiente bem iluminado, limpo e com a tomada de corrente facil-
PHQWHDFHVVtYH
51
PT
(YLWDUDLQWURGXomRGHXPDTXDQWLGDGHH[FHVVLYDGHiJXDQRUHVHUYDWyULR
2 DSDUHOKRQmR GHYHVHU XWLOL]DGR VHWLYHU FDtGRVH KRXYHU VLQDLV GH GDQRV
YLVtYHLVRXVHKRXYHUSHUGDVGHiJXD1mRXVDURDSDUHOKRVHRFDERHOpFWULFR
RXDWRPDGDHVWLYHUHPGDQL¿FDGRVRXVHRSUySULRDSDUHOKRUHVXOWDUGHIHLWXRVR
7RGDVDVUHSDUDo}HVLQFOXtGDDVXEVWLWXLomRGRFDERGHDOLPHQWDomRGHYHPVHU
realizadas somente por Centros de Assistência Ariete ou por técnicos autoriza-
GRV$ULHWHGHPRGRDSUHYHQLUTXDOTXHUSHULJR
Aviso relativo a queimaduras
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IXQFLRQDPHQWRGDPiTXLQDQDPHGLGDHPTXHSRGHULDPSURYRFDUTXHLPDGXUDV
&DVRQmRKRXYHUVDtGDGHiJXDGRSRUWD¿OWURLVVRGHYHVHDXPDREVWUXomR
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FDVRGHYHVHUHPRYHUHUHWLUDUOHQWDPHQWHRSRUWD¿OWURSRLVDSRVVtYHOSUHVVmR
UHVtGXDSRGHULDSURYRFDUVDOSLFRVRXMDFWRV(PVHJXLGDOLPSDUFRPRLQGLFDGR
QRSDUiJUDIRHVSHFt¿FR
Atenção - danos materiais
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1mRSRVLFLRQDUDPiTXLQDVREUHVXSHUItFLHVPXLWRTXHQWHVRXQDVSUR[LPLGDGHV
GHFKDPDVOLYUHVSDUDHYLWDUTXHDHVWUXWXUDSRVVDVRIUHUGDQRV
2FDERGHDOLPHQWDomRQmRGHYHWRFDUDVSDUWHVTXHQWHVGDPiTXLQD
1mRXWLOL]DUiJXDFRPJiVFRPDGLomRGHGLy[LGRGHFDUERQR
Utilizar somente com café moído ou com cápsulas que apresentam a marcação
SDGURQL]DGD(6(
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ULRLVWRSRGHULDFDXVDUJUDYHVGDQRVDRDSDUHOKR
1mRGHL[HDPiTXLQDHPORFDLVFRPWHPSHUDWXUDDPELHQWHLQIHULRUDSRUTXHD
iJXDGDFDOGHLUDSRGHULDJHODUHSURYRFDUGDQRVQDPiTXLQD
1mRXWLOL]DURDSDUHOKRDFpXDEHUWR
1mRH[SRURDSDUHOKRDDJHQWHVDWPRVIpULFRVFKXYDVROHWF
'HSRLVGHWHUGHVOLJDGRD¿FKDGDWRPDGDGHFRUUHQWHHOpFWULFDHGHSRLVGDV
SDUWHVTXHQWHVGDPiTXLQDWHUHPDUUHIHFLGRRDSDUHOKRGHYHUiVHUOLPSR~QLFD
HH[FOXVLYDPHQWHFRPXPSDQRQmRDEUDVLYROLJHLUDPHQWHKXPHGHFLGRFRP
iJXDDGLFLRQDGDFRPDOJXPDVJRWDVGHGHWHUJHQWHQHXWURQmRDJUHVVLYRQXQFD
XWLOL]HVROYHQWHVSRLVHOHVHVWUDJDPRSOiVWLFR
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CONSERVAR ESTAS INSTRUÇÕES.
DESCRIÇÃO DO APARELHO
A - Bandeja de recolha de gotas
% 3ODQRSDUDFKiYHQDV
&3RUWD¿OWUR
D - Gotejador
( 'LVFRGHVLOLFRQHFRPIXURV7KHUPRFUHDP
)  )LOWURFKiYHQDV
*)LOWURFKiYHQDSDVWLOKD
+'HSyVLWRGHiJXD
, &RUSRGDPiTXLQD
-  7DPSDGRGHSyVLWR
. 'RVHDGRUFDOFDGRUGHFDIp
/ &DERGHDOLPHQWDomR)LFKD
0'LVSRVLWLYR0D[L&DSSXFFLQRHELFRHPLVVRUGH
iJXDHYDSR
1,QWHUUXSWRUGDIXQomRYDSRU
O - Sinalizador luminoso de temperatura da caldeira
3 ,QWHUUXSWRUGHSURGXomRGHFDIp
46LQDOL]DGRUGHSURGXomRGHFDIp
R - Botão ligar - desligar
S - Sinalizador luminoso ligação
7  9iOYXODGHSURGXomRGHYDSRU
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1DSODFDVLWXDGDDEDL[RGDEDVHGHDSRLRGDPiTXLQDIRUDPFRORFDGRVRVVHJXLQWHVGDGRVGHLGHQWL¿FDomR
da máquina:
fabricante e marcação CE
PRGHOR0RG
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tensão eléctrica de alimentação (V) e frequência (Hz)
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FASES PRELIMINARES PARA A SUA UTILIZAÇÃO
Accionamento
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Ligar a máquina pela primeira vez
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o sinalizador luminoso6SDUDLQGLFDUTXHDPiTXLQDHVWiOLJDGD$JXDUGDUTXHRVLQDOL]DGRUOXPLQRVR2
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COMO PREPARAR O CAFÉ
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Atenção!
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GRFDIp3HVWLYHUDFWLYDGRSHULJRGHTXHLPDGXUDV
Atenção!
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Enchimento do depósito de água durante o uso
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HOpWULFDV
Função de auto-desligamento (MOD- 1337A)
6HDPiTXLQDHVWLYHUOLJDGDPDVQmRIRUXWLOL]DGDDSyVPLQXWRVVHUiDWLYDGDDIXQomRGHDXWRGHVOLJD-
PHQWR(VWDIXQomRFRORFDDPiTXLQDHPVWDQGE\2VLQDOL]DGRUGHDFHQGLPHQWR6HVWiDSDJDGR3DUDOLJDU
QRYDPHQWHDPiTXLQDGHYHVHSUHVVLRQDUQRYDPHQWHRERWmROLJDUGHVOLJDU5
Como fazer o café com pastilhas
3DUDID]HURFDIpFRPSDVWLOKDGHYHVHXWLOL]DUR¿OWURFKiYHQDSDVWLOKDHVSHFt¿FR*IRUQHFLGRGRVH-
guinte modo:
3RVLFLRQDUDSDVWLOKDQRSRUWD¿OWUR)LJ
(PSXUUDUDSDVWLOKDSDUDGHQWURFRPRVGHGRV$SDVWLOKDGHYHHVWDUEHPFHQWUDOL]DGDHFRORFDGDQR
LQWHULRUGR¿OWUR
(PVHJXLGDVHUiSRVVtYHOLQVHULURSRUWD¿OWURHPVXDVHGH$SHUWDURSRUWD¿OWURFHUWL¿FDQGRVHTXHHVWHMD
54
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EHPHQFDL[DGRQDÀDQJH)LJ
'HSRLVGHWHUSUHSDUDGRRFDIpDRUHWLUDURSRUWD¿OWURDSDVWLOKDSRGHULD¿FDUHQFDL[DGDQDSDUWHVXSHULRUGD
PiTXLQD3DUDUHWLUiODGHYHVHLQFOLQDURSRUWD¿OWUR)LJGHL[DQGRTXHDSDVWLOKDFDLDVREUHRPHVPR
3DUDREWHUXPFDIpVHPSUHySWLPRGHYHVHXWLOL]DUSDVWLOKDVTXHDSUHVHQWHPDPDUFDGHFRPSDWLELOLGDGH
(6(
6HDSDVWLOKDQmRHVWLYHUEHPLQVHULGDRXRSRUWDÀOWURQmRIRUEHPDSHUWDGRSRGHKDYHUVDtGDGH
JRWDVGHiJXDGRSUySULRSRUWDÀOWUR
COMO FAZER O CAPPUCCINO
Para preparar um cappuccino, um chocolate quente ou aquecer qualquer outra bebida, pressionar o interrup-
WRU14XDQGRRVLQDOL]DGRUOXPLQRVR2DSDJDVHDPiTXLQDHVWDUiSURQWDSDUDSURGX]LUYDSRU
6HGXUDQWHDIDVHGHHVSHUDGRYDSRUIRUHPYHULÀFDGDVSHTXHQDVHPLVV}HVGHYDSRUSHORSRUWD-
ÀOWURHVWHIHQyPHQRGHYHVHUFRQVLGHUDGRWRWDOPHQWHQRUPDO
(PVHJXLGDDEULUDYiOYXODGHSURGXomRGHYDSRU7QRVHQWLGRDQWLKRUiULRFRPRFXLGDGRGHSRVLFLRQDU
XPFRSRDEDL[RGRGLVSRVLWLYR0D[L&DSSXFFLQR0)LJLQLFLDOPHQWHVDLUiXPSRXFRGHiJXDHORJRGH
VHJXLGDXPMDFWRGHYDSRUPXLWRIRUWH
,QWURGX]LUHPSURIXQGLGDGHRELFRQRUHFLSLHQWHGROHLWH)LJHDEULUQRYDPHQWHDYiOYXODGHSURGXomR7
DWpREWHURUHVXOWDGRGHVHMDGR'XUDQWHHVWDVRSHUDo}HVSRGHVHUTXHVHQRWHTXHRVLQDOL]DGRUOXPLQRVR2
VHDSDJDHVHDFHQGHSHULRGLFDPHQWHRTXHQRVLQGLFDDVLQWHUYHQo}HVIHLWDVSHORWHUPyVWDWRSDUDPDQWHU
XPDWHPSHUDWXUDFRQVWDQWHQDFDOGHLUDGHJHUDomRGRYDSRU
eRSRUWXQRLQLFLDUDSURGXomRGRYDSRUVRPHQWHTXDQWRHVWHVLQDOL]DGRUHVWLYHUDSDJDGR$SyVFDGD
XWLOL]DomRGHYHVHID]HUFRPTXHRYDSRUVDLDSRUDOJXQVVHJXQGRVSDUDOLEHUDURIXURGHSRVVtYHLV
UHVtGXRVGHOHLWH
7HUPLQDGDDSUHSDUDomRGRFDSSXFFLQRGHYHVHSUHVVLRQDURLQWHUUXSWRU1SDUDGHVDFWLYDUDIXQomRYDSRU
PARA PREPARAR NOVAMENTE O CAFÉ
Para preparar um café logo depois de ter feito o cappuccino será necessário que a caldeira atinja a tempe-
ratura de preparação de café realizando estas operações: se quiser adiantar o arrefecimento da caldeira,
SRVLFLRQDUXPUHFLSLHQWHSRUEDL[RGRUHFLSLHQWHSDUDFDSSXFFLQRSUHVVLRQDURLQWHUUXSWRU3HFRQWHPSR-
UDQHDPHQWHPDQWHUDEHUWDDYiOYXOD7)D]HUFRPTXHVDLDiJXDSHORGLVSRVLWLYRSDUDFDSSXFFLQR)HFKDU
DYiOYXOD7HGHVOLJDURLQWHUUXSWRU33DUDSUHSDUDURXWURFDIpDJXDUGHTXHRVLQDOL]DGRUOXPLQRVR2
DSDJDVH
COMO PREPARAR CHÁ OU INFUSOS
4XDQGRDPiTXLQDHVWLYHUQDSRVLomRGHSURQWRFDIpRXVHMDFRPRVLQDOL]DGRU2DSDJDGRSRVLFLRQDUXPD
FKiYHQDSRUEDL[RGDKDVWH0HSUHVVLRQDURLQWHUUXSWRUGHSURGXomRGHFDIp3/RJRHPVHJXLGDDEULUD
YiOYXODGHSURGXomRGHYDSRU7DVVLPRFRUUHDVDtGDGHiJXDTXHQWHSHORELFR$GRVHPi[LPDSDUDGXDV
FKiYHQDVpGHPO
CONSELHOS ÚTEIS PARA OBTER UM BOM EXPRESSO À ITALIANA
2FDIpPRtGRFRORFDGRQRSRUWD¿OWURGHYHUiVHUFRPSULPLGROHYHPHQWH8PFDIpPDLVIRUWHRXPHQRVIRUWH
GHSHQGHGRJUDXGHPRDJHPGRFDIpGDTXDQWLGDGHGHVWHFRORFDGDQRSRUWD¿OWURHGDFRPSUHVVmR3RXFRV
VHJXQGRVpRWHPSRVX¿FLHQWHSDUDWLUDURFDIp6HDSURGXomRGRFDIpGXUDUPXLWRVLJQL¿FDTXHRFDIpIRL
PRtGRPXLWR¿QRRXIRLFDOFDGRH[FHVVLYDPHQWH
LIMPEZA DO APARELHO
Atenção!
7RGDVDVRSHUDo}HVGHOLPSH]DLQGLFDGDVDEDL[RGHYHPVHUHIHFWXDGDVFRPPiTXLQDGHVOLJDGDH
FRP¿FKDHOpFWULFDGHVFRQHFWDGDGDWRPDGDGHFRUUHQWH
55
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Atenção!
8PDPDQXWHQomRHXPDOLPSH]DUHJXODUHVSUHVHUYDPHPDQWpPH¿FLHQWHDPiTXLQDSRUXPSHUtRGR
GHWHPSRPDLRU1XQFDODYDURVFRPSRQHQWHVGDPiTXLQDQDPiTXLQDGHODYDUORXoD1mRXWLOL]DU
MDFWRVGHiJXDGLUHFWD
Atenção!
7RGDVDVRSHUDo}HVGHYHPVHUHIHFWXDGDVFRPPiTXLQDIULD
/LPSH]DGRVÀOWURVGHFDIp
&HUWL¿FDUVHTXHRVIXURVQmRHVWHMDPREVWUXtGRVHVHQHFHVViULROLPSDUFRPXPDHVFRYD)LJ)D]HU
FRPTXHVDLDiJXDTXHQWHGRSRUWD¿OWURFRPR¿OWURLQVHULGRVHPRSyGHSRLVGHWHUSRVLFLRQDGRXPFRSR
SRUEDL[RGDVDtGDGHiJXDSDUDGLVVROYHURXUHPRYHUSRVVtYHLVUHVtGXRVGHFDIpRXLPSXUH]DV
Atenção!
5HPRYHUHGHVSUHQGHUOHQWDPHQWHRSRUWD¿OWURSRLVFDVRKRXYHUSUHVVmRUHVtGXDHVWDSRGHULDSUR-
YRFDUERUULIRV
$FRQVHOKDPRVOLPSDUFXLGDGRVDPHQWHRV¿OWURVDFDGDPHVHVDSUR[LPDGDPHQWHXWLOL]DQGRDVSDVWLOKDV
GHWHUJHQWHV&2))((&/($1GD$ULHWHGLVSRQtYHLVQRVSRQWRVGHYHQGDHQRV&HQWURVGH$VVLVWrQFLD$XWR-
UL]DGRVVHJXLQGRDVLQVWUXo}HVFRQWLGDVQDFRQIHFomRRXFRPRDOWHUQDWLYDXWLOL]DQGRXPDSDVWLOKDGHGH-
WHUJHQWHVLPSOHVVHPDEULOKDQWDGRURXRXWURVDGLWLYRVTXtPLFRVSDUDPiTXLQDVGHODYDUORXoDGRVHJXLQWH
modo:
,QVHULUXPDSDVWLOKDGHGHWHUJHQWHSDUDPiTXLQDGHODYDUORXoDVQR¿OWURVHPFDIpTXDQGRDPiTXLQD
HVWLYHUEHPTXHQWHDSyVSHORPHQRVPLQXWRVGHDTXHFLPHQWR
(QFDL[DURSRUWD¿OWURQDPiTXLQDHFRORFDUXPUHFLSLHQWHDEDL[RGRSRUWD¿OWUR
3UHVVLRQDUDWHFODFDIpSDUDDFWLYDUDVDtGDGDiJXDHHIHFWXDUDVDtGDGHiJXDSRUVHJXQGRV
,QWHUURPSHUDVDtGDGHiJXDHGHL[DUTXHDSDVWLOKDSRVVDDFWXDUSRUQRPtQLPRPLQXWRVPDQWHQGRR
SRUWD¿OWURLQVHULGRQDPiTXLQD
5HSHWLUDRSHUDomRGHVDtGDGHiJXDID]HQGRFRPTXHDERPEDIXQFLRQHSRUFHUFDGHVHJXQGRV
HHPVHJXLGDGHL[DUHPUHSRXVRSRURXWURVVHJXQGRVDWpTXDQGRDiJXDGRVGRLVUHVHUYDWyULRV
WHUPLQDU
5HPRYHURSRUWD¿OWURGDPiTXLQDH[WUDLUR¿OWURHHQ[DJXDUEHPRPHVPRSDVVDQGRSRUiJXDFRUUHQWHGD
WRUQHLUD
Desligar a máquina, desligar o cabo de alimentação da tomada de corrente e limpar com uma esponja a
VHGHGHHQFDL[HGRSRUWD¿OWURSDUDUHPRYHUSRVVtYHLVUHVtGXRVGHGHWHUJHQWHGRGXFKH
/LJDUQRYDPHQWHDPiTXLQDHQFDL[DURSRUWD¿OWURHDFWLYDUDVDtGDGHQRPtQLPRFKiYHQDVGHiJXDSDUD
FRPSOHWDURHQ[DJXDPHQWR
Se a máquina de café for utilizada todos os dias, aconselhamos que seja efectuada a operação de limpeza
DFDGDWUrVPHVHVQRPtQLPR
Limpeza do disco de silicone
/DYDURGLVFRGHVLOLFRQH(FRPiJXDFRUUHQWHGREUDQGROLJHLUDPHQWHDRVODGRVGHPRGRDOLEHUDURIXUR
FHQWUDOHOLPLQDQGRSRVVtYHLVUHVtGXRVGHSyGHFDIpTXHSRGHULDPREVWUXtOR)LJ
/LPSH]DGRDORMDPHQWRGRSRUWDÀOWUR
&RPRXVRSRGHUiRFRUUHUQDVHGHGHHQFDL[HGRSRUWD¿OWURXPDVHGLPHQWDomRGHUHVtGXRVGHFDIpTXH
SRGHPVHUUHPRYLGRVFRPXPSDOLWRFRPXPDHVSRQMD)LJRXGHL[DQGRSDVVDUiJXDVHPRSRUWD¿OWUR
LQVHULGR)LJ
Limpeza do dispositivo Maxi Cappuccino
Atenção!
(IHFWXHHVWDRSHUDomRTXDQGRRWXERFURPDGRHVWLYHUIULRSDUDHYLWDUTXHLPDGXUDV
'HVDSHUWHRGLVSRVLWLYR0GRSHTXHQRWXERHODYHRFRPiJXDFRUUHQWH$OLPSH]DGHVWHWXERSRGHVHUIHLWD
FRPXPSDQRQmRDEUDVLYR$SHUWHQRYDPHQWHRGLVSRVLWLYRSDUDFDSSXFFLQRDWpR¿PGHFXUVR6HQHFHV-
ViULROLPSHFRPXPDO¿QHWHRIXURGHVDtGDGRYDSRU$SyVFDGDXWLOL]DomRGHYHVHGHL[DUTXHRYDSRUVDLD
SRUDOJXQVVHJXQGRVSDUDOLEHUDURIXURHHOLPLQDUSRVVtYHLVUHVtGXRV
56
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Limpeza do reservatório
$FRQVHOKDPRVDOLPSH]DSHULyGLFDGDSDUWHLQWHUQDGRUHVHUYDWyULRFRPXPDHVSRQMDRXXPSDQRK~PLGR
Limpeza da grelha e da bandeja de recolha de gotas
/HPEUDUGHHVYD]LDUGHYH]HPTXDQGRDEDQGHMDGHUHFROKDGHJRWDV$
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Atenção!
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responsabilidade por danos aos componentes internos da máquina de café causados por uso de produtos
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COMO REMEDIAR OS SEGUINTES INCONVENIENTES
Atenção!
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PROBLEMAS CAUSAS SOLUÇÕES
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as operações descritas no parágrafo “Preparação da
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57
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PROBLEMAS CAUSAS SOLUÇÕES
Ocorre saída de café
pelas bordas do porta-
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A saída do café não
ocorreu ou ocorre muito
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está com os furos de saída
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Mistura de café muito
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O furo do disco de silicone está
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ligeiramente aos lados de modo a liberar o furo central
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O café está aguado
HIULR
O grau de moagem da mistura
GHFDIppPXLWRJURVVR
Para obter um café mais concentrado e mais quente,
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um café quentíssimo e um creme rico, mesmo com o café
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Risico op schade door andere oorzaken
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Risico op schade door andere oorzaken
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BESCHRIJVING VAN HET APPARAAT
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Voor het eerst inschakelen
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FRQWUROHODPSMH6JDDWEUDQGHQRPDDQWHJHYHQGDWGHPDFKLQHLQJHVFKDNHOGLV:DFKWWRWKHWFRQWUROH-
ODPSMH2XLWJDDW'UXNRSGHNRI¿H]HWVFKDNHODDU3WRWXZDWHUXLWGHKRXGHUYDQGH¿OWHUKRXGHU]LHWNRPHQ
)LJ
7DSWZHHPLQXWHQZDWHUXLWGHÀOWHUKRXGHU'UXNRSGHNRIÀHDIJLIWHNQRS3RPGHDIJLIWHWHVWRSSHQ*HEUXLNKHW
DSSDUDDWJHGXUHQGHHHQPLQXXWQLHW7DSPLQVWHQVHHQUHVHUYRLUZDWHUDIRPKHWFLUFXLWLQGHNHWHOWHUHLQLJHQ
1HHPGHDIWDSHQSDX]HWLMGHQLQDFKW'UDDLKHWNUDDQWMH7LHWVRSHQGRRUKHPWHJHQGHZLM]HUVYDQGHNORNLQWH
GUDDLHQQDHHQEDNRQGHUKHWEXLVMHYDQKHW0D[L&DSSXFFLQRDSSDUDDW0WHKHEEHQJH]HW
'UDDLYHUYROJHQVKHWNUDDQWMH7GLFKWGRRUKHPPHWGHZLM]HUVYDQGHNORNPHHWHGUDDLHQHQGUXNRSGH
NRI¿H]HWVFKDNHODDU3RPKHWXLWORSHQYDQZDWHUWHVWRSSHQ:DFKWWRWKHWFRQWUROHODPSMH2XLWJDDW'H
PDFKLQHLVQXNODDURPNRI¿HWH]HWWHQ
HOE MAAK JE KOFFIE
'RHKHWGRRUORRSHOHPHQW'GHJHSHUIRUHHUGHVLOLFRQHQVFKLMI(HQKHW¿OWHUYRRUNRSMHV)RINRSMH*
LQGH¿OWHUKRXGHU&)LJ'HJHSHUIRUHHUGHVLOLFRQHQVFKLMINDQPDDURSppQPDQLHULQKHWGRRUORRSHOHPHQW
62
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ZRUGHQDDQJHEUDFKW'RVHHUGHNRI¿HLQKHW¿OWHUHQGUXNKHP]DFKWMHVDDQPHWKHWVSHFLDOHDDQGUXNSODDWMH
9XOWZHHPDDWVFKHSMHVKHOHPDDOYRRUWZHHNRSMHVNRI¿HHQYXOHUHHQYRRUppQNRSMHNRI¿H=HWGH¿OWHU-
KRXGHURS]LMQSODDWV
Let op!
=HWKHPJRHGYDVWGRRUKHPYDQOLQNVQDDUUHFKWVWHGUDDLHQHQ]RUJHUGDDUELMYRRUGDWKLMJRHGRS
GHÀHQVLVYDVWJH]HW)LJ
$OVHUWHYHHOJHPDOHQNRI¿HLQKHW¿OWHUZRUGWJHGDDQNDQKHW]LMQGDWGH¿OWHUKRXGHUPRHLOLMNNDQ
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&RQWUROHHURIGHWRHWVYDQGHVWRRPIXQFWLH1QLHWSHURQJHOXNLVLQJHGUXNW
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WHQDOYRUHQVNRI¿HWH]HWWHQ]RGDWRRNKHWHHUVWHNRSMHNRI¿HJRHGZDUPLV'LWLVQLHWQRGLJELMGHYROJHQGH
NRSMHVNRI¿H
'UXNRSGHVFKDNHODDU3RPKHWNRI¿H]HWWHQWHVWDUWHQHUEHJLQWNRI¿HXLWKHWWXLWMHYDQGH¿OWHUKRXGHUWH
NRPHQ'UXNRSGHVFKDNHODDU3RPGHXLWORRSWHVWRSSHQ'HPD[LPDOHGRVLVYRRUHHQNRSMHNRI¿HLVPO
Let op!
1HWDOVELMSURIHVVLRQHOHNRI¿H]HWDSSDUDWHQPDJGH¿OWHUKRXGHUQLHWZRUGHQYHUZLMGHUGDOVGHVFKDNH-
ODDU3RSNRI¿H]HWWHQVWDDWYHUEUDQGLQJVJHYDDU
Let op!
:DFKWQDKHWNRI¿H]HWWHQRQJHYHHUVHFRQGHQDOYRUHQVGH¿OWHUKRXGHUHUXLWWHKDOHQGH¿OWHUKRXGHU
ZRUGWYHUZLMGHUGGRRUKHPODQJ]DDPYDQUHFKWVQDDUOLQNVWHGUDDLHQZDDUGRRUZRUGWYRRUNRPHQGDW
HUZDWHURINRI¿HXLWVFKLHW
:DQQHHUGHPDFKLQHVWLOVWDDWLQVWDQGE\JDDWKHWFRQWUROHODPSMH2 XLWHQ]DOKHWDIHQWRHRSOLFKWHQ
ZDDUPHHKHWLQVFKDNHOHQYDQGHWKHUPRVWDDWYDQGHNHWHOZRUGWDDQJHJHYHQRPKHWZDWHURSGHRSWLPDOH
WHPSHUDWXXUWHKRXGHQ
$OVHULQUXVWVWDQGZRONMHVVWRRPXLWGHSOHNZDDUGHÀOWHUKRXGHUZRUGWYDVWJHKRXGHQNRPHQGDQLVGDWYRONRPHQ
normaal.
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QHQZDQQHHUKHWFRQWUROHODPSMH2LVJHGRRIG
Reservoir met water vullen tijdens gebruik
(UKRHYHQJHHQVSHFLDOHKDQGHOLQJHQWHZRUGHQYHUULFKWZDQQHHUKHWZDWHULQKHWUHVHUYRLURSLVDDQJH]LHQ
GHPDFKLQHHHQVSHFLDOHDXWRPDWLVFKHLQVFKDNHOLQJVNOHSKHHIW1DGHVWHNNHUXLWKHWVWRSFRQWDFWWHKHEEHQ
JHWURNNHQKRHIWXKHWUHVHUYRLUHQNHORSQLHXZPHWYHUVZDWHUWHYXOOHQWRWDDQKHWDDQJHJHYHQ0$;QLYHDX
.LMNHUJJRHGXLWGDWKHWZDWHUKHWJHELHGYDQGHVFKDNHODDUVQLHWQDWPDDNWRPWHYRRUNRPHQGDWHUZDWHULQ
GHHOHNWULVFKHGHOHQWHUHFKWNRPW
Automatische uitschakelfunctie (MOD. 1337A)
$OVKHWDSSDUDDWLVLQJHVFKDNHOGPDDUQLHWZRUGWJHEUXLNWJULMSWQDRQJHYHHUPLQXWHQGHDXWRPDWLVFKH
XLWVFKDNHOIXQFWLHLQ'H]HIXQFWLH]HWKHWDSSDUDDWRSVWDQGE\+HWFRQWUROHODPSMH6LVXLW2PKHWDSSDUDDW
ZHHULQWHVFKDNHOHQGUXNWXRSQLHXZRSGHDDQXLWNQRS5
.RIÀHPDNHQPHWHHQNRIÀHSDG
2PNRI¿HPHWHHQSDGWHPDNHQPRHWKHWKLHUYRRUEHVWHPGHELMJHOHYHUGH¿OWHUYRRUNRSMHSDG*RSGH
YROJHQGHPDQLHUZRUGHQJHEUXLNW
3ODDWVGHSDG)LJ
'XZGHSDGHUPHWGHYLQJHULQ'HSDGPRHWJRHGLQKHWPLGGHQLQKHW¿OWHU]LWWHQ
+HW¿OWHUKRXGHUNDQQXLQ]LMQKRXGHUZRUGHQJH]HW=HWGH¿OWHUKRXGHUYDVWHQYHU]HNHUXHUYDQGDWKLMJRHG
DDQGHÀHQVYDVW]LW)LJ
:DQQHHUQDNRI¿HWHKHEEHQJHPDDNWGH¿OWHUKRXGHUZRUGWYHUZLMGHUGNDQKHW]LMQGDWGHSDGYDVWEOLMIW
]LWWHQDDQGHERYHQNDQWYDQKHWDSSDUDDW2PKHPWHYHUZLMGHUHQ PRHWGH¿OWHUKRXGHUVFKXLQZRUGHQ
JHKRXGHQ]RDOVLQGHDIEHHOGLQJJHWRRQG]RGDWGHSDGGDDURSYDOW)LJ
2PDOWLMGOHNNHUHNRI¿HWHKHEEHQPRHWHQSDGVZRUGHQJHNRFKWPHWKHW(6(PHUNWHNHQ
63
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$OVGHSDGHUQLHWJRHGLQ]LWRIGHÀOWHUKRXGHUQLHWJRHGLVYDVWJHGUDDLGNDQHUZDWZDWHUXLWGHÀOWHUKRXGHUGUXS-
pelen.
CAPPUCCINO MAKEN
2PHHQFDSSXFFLQRRIZDUPHFKRFRODGHPHONWHPDNHQRIHHQDQGHUHGUDQNWHYHUZDUPHQPRHWXGHVFKD-
NHODDU1GUXNNHQ$OVKHWFRQWUROHODPSMH2XLWJDDWKHHIWGHPDFKLQHGHJRHGHWHPSHUDWXXURPVWRRPDI
WHJHYHQ
$OVHULQUXVWVWDQGZRONMHVVWRRPXLWGHSOHNZDDUGHÀOWHUKRXGHUZRUGWYDVWJHKRXGHQNRPHQGDQLVGDWYRONRPHQ
normaal.
'UDDLQXKHWVWRRPNUDDQWMH7RSHQGRRUKHPWHJHQGHZLM]HUVYDQGHNORNLQWHGUDDLHQHQ]RUJHUGDDUELM
YRRUGDWHUHHQJODVRQGHUKHW0D[L&DSSXFFLQRDSSDUDDW0VWDDW)LJHHUVW]DOHUZDWZDWHUXLWNRPHQ
HQPHWHHQGDDUQDHHQVWHUNHVWRRPVWRRW
'RPSHOKHWEXLVMHKHOHPDDOLQKHWPHONSDN)LJHQGUDDLKHWNUDDQWMHYRRUVWRRPDIJLIWH7ZHHURSHQWRW
KHWJHZHQVWHUHVXOWDDWLVEHUHLNW7LMGHQVGH]HKDQGHOLQJHQ]DOGDWKHWFRQWUROHODPSMH2UHJHOPDWLJDDQHQ
XLWJDDQZDDUPHHZRUGWDDQJHJHYHQGDWGHWKHUPRVWDDWLQHQXLWVFKDNHOWRPGHNHWHORSGHMXLVWHWHPSHUD-
WXXUWHKRXGHQYRRUVWRRPDIJLIWH
+HWLVEHWHURPSDVPHWGHVWRRPDIJLIWHWHEHJLQQHQZDQQHHUGLWODPSMHLVJHGRRIG/DDWHUQDLHGHUJHEUXLNHHQ
DDQWDOVHFRQGHQVWRRPXLWEOD]HQRPHYHQWXHOHPHONUHVWHQXLWKHWJDWWHYHUZLMGHUHQ
'UXNQDGDWGHFDSSXFFLQRLVJHPDDNWRSGHVFKDNHODDU1RPGHVWRRPIXQFWLHXLWWHVOXLWHQ
HET OPNIEUW GEBRUIKEN VOOR HET KOFFIEZETTEN
2PPHWHHQQDHHQFDSSXFFLQRWHKHEEHQJHPDDNWZHHUNRI¿HWH]HWWHQPRHWGHNHWHORSGHWHPSHUDWXXUYRRU
NRI¿H]HWWHQZRUGHQJHEUDFKWGRRUDOVYROJWWHKDQGHOHQDOVXGHNHWHOVQHOOHUZLOWODWHQDINRHOHQ]HWXHHQ
KRXGHURQGHUGHPHONRSVFKXLPHUGUXNWXRSGHVFKDNHODDU3HQKRXGWXWHJHOLMNHUWLMGKHWNUDDQWMH7RSHQ
/DDWZDWHUXLWGHPHONRSVFKXLPHU'UDDLKHWNUDDQWMH7ZHHUGLFKWHQ]HWGHVFKDNHODDU3XLW:DFKWWRWKHW
FRQWUROHODPSMH2GRRIWRPZHHUHHQNRSMHNRI¿HWH]HWWHQ
HOE MAAK JE THEE EN DERGELIJKE
=HWZDQQHHUGHPDFKLQHJHUHHGLVRPNRI¿HWH]HWWHQGZ]PHWKHWFRQWUROHODPSMH2JHGRRIGHHQNRSMH
RQGHUKHWWXLWMH0HQGUXNRSGHXLWORRSNQRS3'UDDLRQPLGGHOOLMNKHWNUDDQWMHYDQKHWVWRRPSLMSMH7RSHQ
KLHUGRRU]DOHUKHHWZDWHUXLWKHWWXLWMHNRPHQ'HPD[LPDOHGRVLVYRRUHHQNRSMHNRI¿HLVPO
NUTTIGE INFORMATIE VOOR HET MAKEN VAN EEN GOEDE ESPRESSO
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GDDUPHHUWLMGQRGLJLVGDQEHWHNHQWGLWGDWGHNRI¿HWH¿MQLVJHPDOHQRIWHVWHYLJLVDDQJHGUXNW
REINIGING VAN HET APPARAAT
Let op!
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VFKDNHOGHQGHVWHNNHUXLWKHWVWRSFRQWDFW
Let op!
Regelmatig onderhoud en een regelmatige reiniging maken dat de machine behouden blijft en langer
JRHGEOLMIWZHUNHQ:DVGHRQGHUGHOHQYDQGHPDFKLQHQRRLWLQGHDIZDVPDFKLQH6SXLWHUQRRLWUHFKW-
VWUHHNVZDWHUVWUDOHQRS
Let op!
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64
NL
5HLQLJLQJYDQGHNRIÀHÀOWHUV
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Let op!
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FKHPLVFKHWRHYRHJLQJHQYRRUYDDWZDVVHUVHQZHODOVYROJW
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GRRUORSHQ
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KHPYHUYROJHQVVHFRQGHQUXVWHQWRWGHWZHHZDWHUUHVHUYRLUVOHHJ]LMQ
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GHULQZRUGWYDVWJHGUDDLGVFKRRQRPHYHQWXHOHUHVWHQYDQKHWUHLQLJLQJVPLGGHOXLWKHWJHSHUIRUHHUGHSODDWMH
WHYHUZLMGHUHQ
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SHQRPKHPJRHGWHVSRHOHQ
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PDDQGHQWHUHLQLJHQ
Reiniging van de siliconenring
:DVGHVFKLMIYDQVLOLFRQHQ(RQGHUGHNUDDQGRRU]DFKWMHVGHUDQGHQWHEXLJHQRPHYHQWXHOHNRI¿HUHVWHQ
XLWKHWFHQWUDOHJDWWHYHUZLMGHUHQ)LJ
6FKRRQPDDNYDQGHSOHNZDDUGHÀOWHUKRXGHU]LW
'RRUKHWJHEUXLNNDQRSGHSODDWVZDDUGH¿OWHUKRXGHUZRUGWYDVWJHKDDNWDDQVODJYDQNRI¿HGLNRQWVWDDQGDW
NDQZRUGHQYHUZLMGHUGPHWHHQWDQGHQVWRNHURIPHWHHQVSRQVMH)LJRIGRRUZDWHUGRRUWHODWHQORSHQ
]RQGHU¿OWHUKRXGHU)LJ
Schoonmaak van het Maxi Cappuccino apparaat
Let op!
9RHUGHKDQGHOLQJXLWDOVGHFKURPHQEXLVNRXGLVRPYHUEUDQGLQJHQWHYRRUNRPHQ
'UDDLKHWDSSDUDDW0YDQKHWEXLVMHHQZDVGH]HPHWVWURPHQGZDWHU+HWEXLVMHPDJPHWHHQQLHWVFKXUHQ-
GHGRHNZRUGHQVFKRRQJHPDDNW'UDDLGHµPHONNORSSHU¶HUZHHUKHOHPDDORS,QGLHQQRGLJPDDNGHXLWJDQJ
YDQKHWVWRRPEXLVMHPHWHHQVSHOGVFKRRQ/DDWKHWVWRRPHUQDLHGHUJHEUXLNHQNHOHVHFRQGHQGRRUKHHQ
VWURPHQRPHYHQWXHOHUHVWHQWHYHUZLMGHUHQ
Reiniging van het reservoir
+HWLVDDQWHUDGHQRPGHELQQHQNDQWYDQKHWUHVHUYRLUUHJHOPDWLJPHWHHQVSRQVRIHHQYRFKWLJHGRHN
VFKRRQWHPDNHQ
Reiniging van het rooster en de druppelopvangbak
'HQNHUDDQGDWGHGUXSSHORSYDQJEDN$UHJHOPDWLJDIHQWRHPRHWZRUGHQJHOHHJG
9HUZLMGHUKHWURRVWHU%HQZDVKHPRQGHUGHNUDDQWUHNGHGUXSSHORSYDQJEDN$XLWGHPDFKLQHJRRLKHP
OHHJHQZDVKHPRQGHUGHNUDDQ
65
NL
Reiniging van de behuizing van de machine
Let op!
5HLQLJGHYDVWHRQGHUGHOHQYDQGHPDFKLQHPHWHHQQLHWVFKXUHQGHYRFKWLJHGRHNRPGHEHKXL]LQJ
QLHWWHEHVFKDGLJHQ
ONTKALKEN
Goed onderhoud en een regelmatige reiniging beschermen de machine en maken dat hij langer goed blijft
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PDFKLQHZRUGHQRQWNDONWRPGHJHEUHNHQWHYHUKHOSHQ*HEUXLNKLHUYRRUXLWVOXLWHQGKHWRQWNDONLQJVPLGGHO
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BUITENWERKINGSTELLING
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KHWUHVHUYRLUORSHQ*HEUXLNGHKDQGJUHHSRPKHWDSSDUDDWVFKXLQWHKRXGHQHQKHWZDWHUXLWKHWWXLWMHWH
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GHSDUDJUDDI³5HLQLJLQJYDQKHWDSSDUDDW´
OVERZICHT VAN OPLOSSINGEN VOOR EEN AANTAL PROBLEMEN
Let op!
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352%/(0(1 225=$.(1 23/266,1*(1
Er komt geen kokend
ZDWHUYRRUWKHHXLWGH
PDFKLQH
Waarschijnlijk is er lucht in het
circuit gekomen die de pomp
EXLWHQZHUNLQJKHHIWJHVWHOG
&RQWUROHHURIKHWZDWHUSHLOLQKHWUHVHUYRLUKRRJJHQRHJ
LVHQYXOLQGLHQQRGLJYHUVZDWHUELM+HUKDDOGH
KDQGHOLQJHQXLWGHSDUDJUDDIµ)DVHVYRRUDIJDDQGDDQKHW
JHEUXLN¶
8LWJDQJYDQKHWVWRRPEXLVMH
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JDWYDQKHWVWRRPEXLVMHKHHIWJHYRUPG
Er ontsnapt stoom
ODQJVGHUDQGHQYDQGH
¿OWHUKRXGHU
8SUREHHUWNRI¿HWH]HWWHQPHW
GHVWRRPIXQFWLHLQJHVFKDNHOG
&RQWUROHHURIGHWRHWVYDQGH
stoomfunctie niet per ongeluk is
LQJHGUXNW
2QGHUEUHHNGHNRI¿HXLWORRS'UXNRSWRHWV1RP
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FRQWUROHODPSMH2GRRIWRPZHHUHHQNRSMHNRI¿HWH
]HWWHQ
De machine produceert
JHHQVWRRP
(ULVZHLQLJZDWHUHQGHSRPS
]XLJWQLHWDDQ
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LVHQYXOLQGLHQQRGLJYHUVZDWHUELM
8LWJDQJYDQKHWVWRRPEXLVMH
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9HUZLMGHUPHWHHQQDDOGHYHQWXHOHDDQVODJGLH]LFKLQKHW
JDWYDQKHWVWRRPEXLVMHKHHIWJHYRUPG
66
NL
352%/(0(1 225=$.(1 23/266,1*(1
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(U]LMQNRI¿HUHVWHQ
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YDQGHKRXGHUZDDULQGH
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Maak het leertje met een tandenstoker of een sponsje
VFKRRQ)LJ
+HWJDWYDQGHVFKLMIYDQ
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ȂȠȜȠȞȩIJȚȠȚıȣıțİȣȑȢțĮIJĮıțİȣȐıIJȘțĮȞıȪȝijȦȞĮȝİIJȚȢʌȡȠįȚĮȖȡĮijȑȢIJȦȞțİȓȝİȞȦȞİȣȡȦʌĮȧțȫȞįȚĮIJȐ-
ȟİȦȞțĮȚțĮIJȐıȣȞȑʌİȚĮİȓȞĮȚʌȡȠıIJĮIJİȣȝȑȞİȢıİȩȜĮIJĮįȣȞȘIJȚțȐİʌȚțȓȞįȣȞĮİȟĮȡIJȒȝĮIJĮįȚĮȕȐıIJİʌȡȠıİ-
țIJȚțȐIJȚȢʌȡȠİȚįȠʌȠȚȒıİȚȢIJȠȣʌĮȡȩȞIJȠȢțĮȚȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȒıIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒȝȠȞȐȤĮȖȚĮIJȠıțȠʌȩʌȠȣʌȡȠȠ-
ȡȓȗİIJĮȚȫıIJİȞĮĮʌȠijȪȖİIJİĮIJȣȤȒȝĮIJĮțĮȚȗȘȝȚȑȢĭȣȜȐȟIJİʌȡȩȤİȚȡȠIJȠİȖȤİȚȡȓįȚȠĮȣIJȩȖȚĮȞĮȝʌȠȡİȓIJİȞĮ
IJȠıȣȝȕȠȣȜİȪİıIJİıIJȠȝȑȜȜȠȞǹȞʌȡȩțİȚIJĮȚȞĮįȫıİIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒıİțȐʌȠȚȠȐȜȜȠȐIJȠȝȠșȣȝȘșİȓIJİȞĮIJȠȣ
ʌĮȡĮįȫıİIJİȝĮȗȓțĮȚIJȠʌĮȡȩȞİȖȤİȚȡȓįȚȠ
ȅȚʌȜȘȡȠijȠȡȓİȢIJȠȣʌĮȡȩȞIJȠȢijȑȡȠȣȞIJĮʌĮȡĮțȐIJȦıȪȝȕȠȜĮʌȠȣıȘȝĮȓȞȠȣȞ
ȀȓȞįȣȞȠȢȖȚĮIJĮȝȚțȡȐʌĮȚįȚȐ ȆȡȠİȚįȠʌȠȓȘıȘȖȚĮİȖțĮȪȝĮIJĮ
ȀȓȞįȣȞȠȢȘȜİțIJȡȠʌȜȘȟȓĮȢ
ȆȡȠıȠȤȒ±ȣȜȚțȑȢȗȘȝȚȑȢ
ȀȓȞįȣȞȠȢȗȘȝȚȐȢĮʌȩįȚȐijȠȡİȢȐȜȜİȢĮȚIJȓİȢ
ƲƳƱƤƭƧƲƱƮƧƯƩƸƳƩƴƩ
ȂʌȠȡİȓIJİȞĮȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȒıİIJİIJȘȝȘȤĮȞȒțĮijȑȖȚĮȞĮijIJȚȐȟİIJİțĮijȑȒțĮʌȠȣIJıȓȞȠǼʌȚʌȜȑȠȞȤȐȡȚȢıIJȘįȣ-
ȞĮIJȩIJȘIJĮʌĮȡȠȤȒȢȗİıIJȠȪȞİȡȠȪȝʌȠȡİȓIJİȞĮijIJȚȐȟİIJİIJıȐȚȒȐȜȜĮĮijİȥȒȝĮIJĮǾıȣıțİȣȒʌȡȠȠȡȓȗİIJĮȚĮʌȠ-
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ȅʌȠȚĮįȒʌȠIJİȐȜȜȘȤȡȒıȘįİȞ ʌȡȠȕȜȑʌİIJĮȚĮʌȩIJȠȞțĮIJĮıțİȣĮıIJȚțȩ ȠȓțȠʌȠȣıȣȞİʌȫȢĮʌĮȜȜȐııİIJĮȚ
ĮʌȩȠʌȠȚĮįȒʌȠIJİİȣșȪȞȘȖȚĮȗȘȝȚȑȢțȐșİijȪıȘȢʌȠȣȠijİȓȜȠȞIJĮȚıIJȘȞĮțĮIJȐȜȜȘȜȘȤȡȒıȘIJȘȢȝȘȤĮȞȒȢǾ
ĮțĮIJȐȜȜȘȜȘȤȡȒıȘȑȤİȚıĮȞıȣȞȑʌİȚĮIJȘȞĮțȪȡȦıȘȠʌȠȚĮıįȒʌȠIJİȝȠȡijȒȢİȖȖȪȘıȘȢ
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ȉĮțĮIJĮıțİȣĮıIJȚțȐȤĮȡĮțIJȘȡȚıIJȚțȐIJȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢʌȠȣĮȞĮijȑȡȠȞIJĮȚıIJȠʌĮȡȩȞȑȞIJȣʌȠįİȞįȓȞȠȣȞIJȘįȣȞĮ-
IJȩIJȘIJĮʌȡȠıIJĮıȓĮȢĮʌȩIJȘȞĮʌİȣșİȓĮȢİțIJȩȟİȣıȘĮIJȝȠȪȒȗİıIJȠȪȞİȡȠȪ
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ıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓIJĮȚȖȚĮİȝʌȠȡȚțȠȪȢȒȕȚȠȝȘȤĮȞȚțȠȪȢıțȠʌȠȪȢ
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țȐʌȠȚĮȐȜȜȘȤȡȒıȘʌȠȣįİȞĮȞĮijȑȡİIJĮȚıIJȠʌĮȡȩȞ
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ǾȤȡȒıȘIJȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢİʌȚIJȡȑʌİIJĮȚıİʌĮȚįȚȐʌȐȞȦĮʌȩİIJȫȞȝȠȞȐȤĮĮȞ
İʌȚIJȘȡȠȪȞIJĮȚĮʌȩȑȞĮȞİȞȒȜȚțĮȒĮȞȑȤȠȣȞİțʌĮȚįİȣIJİȓțĮȚȑȤȠȣȞțĮIJĮȞȠȒıİȚIJȚȢ
68
EL
ȠįȘȖȓİȢțĮȚIJȠȣȢțȚȞįȪȞȠȣȢʌȠȣʌĮȡȠȣıȚȐȗȠȞIJĮȚțĮIJȐIJȘȞȤȡȒıȘIJȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢ
ȅȚİȡȖĮıȓİȢțĮșĮȡȚıȝȠȪțĮȚıȣȞIJȒȡȘıȘȢIJȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢʌȠȣİȓȞĮȚĮȡȝȠįȚȩIJȘIJĮ
IJȠȣȤȡȒıIJȘįİȞİʌȚIJȡȑʌȠȞIJĮȚıİʌĮȚįȚȐțȐIJȦIJȦȞİIJȫȞȤȦȡȓȢIJȘȞİʌȓȕȜİȥȘ
İȞȩȢİȞȒȜȚțĮȂȘȞİʌȚIJȡȑʌİIJİıIJĮʌĮȚįȚȐȞĮʌĮȓȗȠȣȞȝİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒ
ȂȘȞİʌȚIJȡȑʌİIJİıİʌĮȚįȚȐȝȚțȡȩIJİȡĮĮʌȩȤȡȠȞȫȞȞĮʌȜȘıȚȐȗȠȣȞIJȘıȣıțİȣȒ
țĮȚIJȠȘȜİțIJȡȚțȩțĮȜȫįȚȠ
ȉĮȣȜȚțȐıȣıțİȣĮıȓĮȢįİȞʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮİȖțĮIJĮȜİȓʌȠȞIJĮȚıIJȘįȚȐșİıȘȝȚțȡȫȞʌĮȚ-
įȚȫȞįİįȠȝȑȞȠȣȩIJȚĮʌȠIJİȜȠȪȞʌȘȖȒțȚȞįȪȞȠȣ
ǹȞĮʌȠijĮıȓıİIJİȞĮʌİIJȐȟİIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮIJȘȞĮȤȡȘıIJİȪıİIJİțȩȕȠȞIJĮȢ
IJȠțĮȜȫįȚȠIJȡȠijȠįȠıȓĮȢȈȣȞȚıIJȐIJĮȚİʌȓıȘȢȞĮțĮIJĮıIJȒıİIJİĮțȓȞįȣȞĮIJĮȝȑȡȘ
IJȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢʌȠȣȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮĮʌȠIJİȜȑıȠȣȞʌȘȖȒțȚȞįȪȞȠȣȚįȚĮȓIJİȡĮȖȚĮȝȚțȡȐ
ʌĮȚįȚȐʌȠȣȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮʌĮȓȟȠȣȞȝİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒ
ƬǀǎDžǖǎǐǓLjnjdžNjǕǒǐǑnjLjǏǀǂǓ
ǾȤȡȒıȘIJȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢİʌȚIJȡȑʌİIJĮȚıİȐIJȠȝĮȝİİȚįȚțȑȢĮȞȐȖțİȢȒȐIJȠȝĮȝİİȜȜȚ-
ʌİȓȢȖȞȫıİȚȢțĮȚĮȞİʌĮȡțȒʌİȓȡĮȝȠȞȐȤĮĮȞİʌȚIJȘȡȠȪȞIJĮȚĮʌȩȑȞĮȞȣʌİȪșȣȞȠ
ȒĮȞȑȤȠȣȞİțʌĮȚįİȣIJİȓțĮȚȑȤȠȣȞțĮIJĮȞȠȒıİȚIJȚȢȠįȘȖȓİȢțĮȚIJȠȣȢțȚȞįȪȞȠȣȢʌȠȣ
ʌĮȡȠȣıȚȐȗȠȞIJĮȚțĮIJȐIJȘȞȤȡȒıȘIJȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢ
ȆȡȚȞıȣȞįȑıİIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒıIJȠȘȜİțIJȡȚțȩįȓțIJȣȠȕİȕĮȚȦșİȓIJİʌȦȢȘIJȐıȘʌȠȣ
ĮȞĮijȑȡİIJĮȚıIJȘȞʌȚȞĮțȓįĮțȐIJȦĮʌȩIJȘıȣıțİȣȒĮȞIJȚıIJȠȚȤİȓȝİIJȘȞIJȐıȘIJȠȣ
įȚțIJȪȠȣIJȘȢʌİȡȚȠȤȒȢıĮȢ
ȂȘȞșȑIJİIJİʌȠIJȑıİȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮIJȘıȣıțİȣȒȤȦȡȓȢȞİȡȩȒȤȦȡȓȢıʌȩȡȠȣȢțĮijȑ
ȆȡȚȞȖİȝȓıİIJİIJȠįȠȤİȓȠȝİȞİȡȩȕȖȐȜIJİIJȠijȚȢĮʌȩIJȘȞʌȡȓȗĮ
ǹȞİȓȞĮȚȤĮȜĮıȝȑȞȠIJȠțĮȜȫįȚȠȘȜİțIJȡȠįȩIJȘıȘȢʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮĮȞIJȚțĮIJĮıIJĮșİȓĮʌȩ
IJȠȞțĮIJĮıțİȣĮıIJȚțȩȠȓțȠȒĮʌȩȑȞĮİȟȠȣıȚȠįȠIJȘȝȑȞȠȀȑȞIJȡȠȉİȤȞȚțȒȢȊʌȠıIJȒ-
ȡȚȟȘȢȈȑȡȕȚȢȒĮʌȩțȐʌȠȚȠȐIJȠȝȠʌȠȣȑȤİȚIJȘȞĮʌĮȚIJȠȪȝİȞȘIJİȤȞȚțȒțĮIJȐȡIJȚıȘ
ȫıIJİȞĮĮʌȠijȪȖİIJİțȐșİțȓȞįȣȞȠ
ȂȘȞȕȡȑȤİIJİʌȠIJȑIJĮȝȑȡȘIJȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢʌȠȣȑȤȠȣȞȘȜİțIJȡȚțȒIJȐıȘȖȚĮIJȓȝʌȠȡİȓ
ȞĮȖȓȞİȚȕȡĮȤȣțȪțȜȦȝĮ
ȃĮȕȖȐȗİIJİIJȠijȚȢĮʌȩIJȘȞʌȡȓȗĮʌȡȚȞĮʌȩȠʌȠȚĮįȒʌȠIJİİʌȑȝȕĮıȘțĮșĮȡȚıȝȠȪ
ȒıȣȞIJȒȡȘıȘȢ
ȆȡȚȞȝİIJĮțȚȞȒıİIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒĮʌȠıȣȞįȑıIJİIJȘȞĮʌȩIJȠįȓțIJȣȠțĮȚĮįİȚȐıIJİ
IJȠȞİȡȩĮʌȩIJȠįȠȤİȓȠȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȒıIJİIJȠȤİȡȠȪȜȚȖȚĮȞĮȖİȓȡİIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒ
ȫıIJİȞĮİțȡİȪıİȚIJȠȞİȡȩĮʌȩIJȠĮțȡȠijȪıȚȠįȓȞȠȞIJĮȢȚįȚĮȓIJİȡȘʌȡȠıȠȤȒȞĮ
ȝȘȞʌȑıİȚȞİȡȩıIJȠIJȝȒȝĮIJȦȞįȚĮțȠʌIJȫȞʌȠȣȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮįȚİȚıįȪıİȚȝȑıĮıIJĮ
ȘȜİțIJȡȚțȐȝȑȡȘ
ȂȘȞȕȣșȓȗİIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒıİȞİȡȩȒȐȜȜĮȣȖȡȐ
ƬǀǎDžǖǎǐǓLJLjǍNJƽǓǂǑǝDžNJƽǗǐǒdžǓƽnjnjdžǓǂNJǕǀdžǓ
ǼʌȚȜȑȟIJİȑȞĮȤȫȡȠȝİİʌĮȡțȒijȦIJȚıȝȩțĮȚĮİȡȚıȝȩțĮȚȝİȝȚĮʌȡȓȗĮİȪțȠȜĮ
ʌȡȠıʌİȜȐıȚȝȘ
ǹʌȠijȪȖİIJİȞĮȕȐȜİIJİıIJȠįȠȤİȓȠȣʌİȡȕȠȜȚțȒʌȠıȩIJȘIJĮȞİȡȠȪ
69
EL
ǻİȞʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒĮȞȑʌİıİțȐIJȦĮȞȣʌȐȡȤȠȣȞİȝijĮ-
ȞİȓȢȗȘȝȚȑȢȒȞĮʌĮȡȠȣıȚȐȗİȚįȚĮȡȡȠȒȞİȡȠȪȂȘȞȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒ
ĮȞ ʌĮȡȠȣıȚȐȗİȚ țȐʌȠȚĮ ĮȞȦȝĮȜȓĮ Ȓ ȣʌȐȡȤİȚ ȗȘȝȚȐ Ȓ ijșȠȡȐ ıIJȠ ȘȜİțIJȡȚțȩ
țĮȜȫįȚȠȒIJȠijȚȢIJȠȣǵȜİȢȠȚİʌȚıțİȣȑȢțĮȚȘĮȞIJȚțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘIJȠȣȘȜİțIJȡȚțȠȪ
țĮȜȦįȓȠȣ ʌȡȑʌİȚ ȞĮ İțIJİȜȠȪȞIJĮȚ ĮʌȠțȜİȚıIJȚțȐ Įʌȩ İȟȠȣıȚȠįȠIJȘȝȑȞĮ țȑȞIJȡĮ
IJİȤȞȚțȒȢȣʌȠıIJȒȡȚȟȘȢȈȑȡȕȚȢȒĮʌȩIJİȤȞȚțȠȪȢIJȘȢ$ULHWHȫıIJİȞĮĮʌȠijİȪȖİIJĮȚ
ȠʌȠȚȠıįȒʌȠIJİțȓȞįȣȞȠȢ
ƲǒǐdžNJDžǐǑǐǀLjǔLjDŽNJǂdžDŽNjǂǞǍǂǕǂ
ȂȘȞțĮIJİȣșȪȞİIJİʌȠIJȑIJȠȗİıIJȩȞİȡȩȒIJȠȞĮIJȝȩʌȐȞȦıĮȢȃĮʌȚȐȞİIJİțĮȚȞĮ
ȝİIJĮțȚȞİȓIJİʌȡȠıİțIJȚțȐIJȠıȦȜȘȞȐțȚĮIJȝȠȪȗİıIJȠȪȞİȡȠȪțȓȞįȣȞȠȢİȖțĮȣȝȐIJȦȞ
ȂȘȞĮȖȖȓȗİIJİʌȠIJȑIJȚȢȝİIJĮȜȜȚțȑȢİȟȦIJİȡȚțȑȢİʌȚijȐȞİȚİȢȩIJĮȞȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖİȓȘıȣ-
ıțİȣȒȖȚĮIJȓȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮʌȐșİIJİİȖțĮȪȝĮIJĮ
ǹȞįİȞİțȡȑİȚȞİȡȩĮʌȩIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒIJȠȣijȓȜIJȡȠȣȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮȑȤİȚijȡȐȟİȚIJȠijȓȜ-
IJȡȠǻȚĮțȩȥIJİIJȘȞʌĮȡȠȤȒțĮȚʌİȡȚȝȑȞİIJİȖȚĮįȑțĮįİȣIJİȡȩȜİʌIJĮȈIJȘıȣȞȑȤİȚĮ
ĮijĮȚȡȑıIJİĮȡȖȐIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒijȓȜIJȡȠȣĮʌȩIJȘıȣıțİȣȒȫıIJİȞĮȝȘȞįȘȝȚȠȣȡȖȘ-
șȠȪȞʌȚIJıȚȜȓıȝĮIJĮȒİțIJȩȟİȣıȘȗİıIJȠȪȞİȡȠȪȜȩȖȦIJȘȢİȞĮʌȠȝȑȞȠȣıĮȢʌȓİıȘȢ
ȈIJȘıȣȞȑȤİȚĮțĮșĮȡȓıIJİIJȘȞıȪȝijȦȞĮȝİIJȚȢȠįȘȖȓİȢIJȘȢıȤİIJȚțȒȢʌĮȡĮȖȡȐijȠȣ
Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ²ǖnjNJNjƾǓLJLjǍNJƾǓ
ȉȠʌȠșİIJȒıIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒıİȑȞĮıIJĮșİȡȩİʌȓʌİįȠȩʌȠȣįİȞȣʌȐȡȤİȚțȓȞįȣȞȠȢ
ȞĮĮȞĮʌȠįȠȖȣȡȓıİȚ
ȂȘȞȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒȤȦȡȓȢȞİȡȩȖȚĮIJȓșĮțĮİȓȘĮȞIJȜȓĮ
ȂȘȞȖİȝȓȗİIJİʌȠIJȑIJȠįȠȤİȓȠIJȠȣȞİȡȠȪȝİȗİıIJȩȒțĮȣIJȩȞİȡȩ
ȂȘȞIJȠʌȠșİIJİȓIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒʌȐȞȫıİȗİıIJȑȢİʌȚijȐȞİȚİȢȒțȠȞIJȐıİȖȣȝȞȑȢijȜȩ-
ȖİȢȖȚĮȞĮȝȘȞȖȓȞİȚȗȘȝȚȐıIJȠʌİȡȓȕȜȘȝȐIJȘȢ
ȉȠțĮȜȫįȚȠȘȜİțIJȡȠįȩIJȘıȘȢįİȞʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮĮțȠȣȝʌȐİȚıİȗİıIJȑȢİʌȚijȐȞİȚİȢ
ȂȘȞȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓIJİĮİȡȚȠȪȤȠȞİȡȩʌȠȣʌİȡȚȑȤİȚįȚȠȟİȓįȚȠIJȠȣȐȞșȡĮțĮ
ȋȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȒıIJİȝȩȞȠȝİĮȜİıȝȑȞȠțĮijȑȒȝİʌĮıIJȓȜȚİȢʌȠȣijȑȡȠȣȞIJȠʌȡȩIJȣʌȠ
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ȂȘȕȐȗİIJİʌȠIJȑıIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒijȓȜIJȡȠȣȐȜȜİȢȠȣıȓİȢİțIJȩȢĮʌȩțĮijȑȂʌȠȡİȓȞĮ
ȖȓȞİȚȗȘȝȚȐıIJȘȞıȣıțİȣȒ
ȂȘȞĮijȒȞİIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒıİșİȡȝȠțȡĮıȓĮʌİȡȚȕȐȜȜȠȞIJȠȢȤĮȝȘȜȩIJİȡȘĮʌȩÛ&
įİįȠȝȑȞȠȣȩIJȚȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮʌĮȖȫıİȚIJȠȞİȡȩıIJȠȜȑȕȘIJĮțĮȚȞĮİʌĮțȠȜȠȣșȒıİȚ
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ȂȘȞȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒıİȣʌĮȓșȡȚȠȤȫȡȠ
ȂȘȞĮijȒȞİIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒİțIJİșİȚȝȑȞȘıIJȠȣȢĮIJȝȠıijĮȚȡȚțȠȪȢʌĮȡȐȖȠȞIJİȢȕȡȠ-
ȤȒȒȜȚȠțȜʌ
ǹijȠȪȕȖȐȜİIJİIJȠijȚȢĮʌȩIJȘȞʌȡȓȗĮțĮȚĮijȠȪțȡȣȫıȠȣȞIJĮȗİıIJȐİȟĮȡIJȒȝĮIJĮ
ȘıȣıțİȣȒʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮțĮșĮȡȚıIJİȓĮʌȠțȜİȚıIJȚțȐȝİȑȞĮȝĮȜĮțȩʌĮȞȓȝȩȜȚȢȕȠȣ-
IJȘȖȝȑȞȠıIJȠȞİȡȩȝİȜȓȖİȢıIJĮȖȩȞİȢȠȣįȑIJİȡȠȣĮʌȠȡȡȣʌĮȞIJȚțȠȪțȠȣȗȓȞĮȢȝȘȞ
ȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓIJİʌȠIJȑįȚĮȜȪIJİȢʌȠȣȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮțȐȞȠȣȞȗȘȝȚȐıIJĮʌȜĮıIJȚțȐ
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 īȚĮIJȘıȦıIJȒįȚȐșİıȘIJȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢıȪȝijȦȞĮȝİIJȘȞǼȣȡȦʌĮȧțȒȅįȘȖȓĮ
ǼȀįȚĮȕȐıIJİIJȠıȤİIJȚțȩijȣȜȜȐįȚȠʌȠȣıȣȞȠįİȪİȚIJȘıȣıțİȣȒ
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2ǼȞįİȚțIJȚțȩȜĮȝʌȐțȚșİȡȝȠțȡĮıȓĮȢȜȑȕȘIJĮ
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4ǼȞįİȚțIJȚțȩȜĮȝʌȐțȚʌĮȡȠȤȒȢțĮijȑ
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7  ȇȠȣȝʌȚȞȑIJȠʌĮȡȠȤȒȢĮIJȝȠȪ
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ĮȞĮȖȞȫȡȚıȘȢ
țĮIJĮıțİȣĮıIJȚțȩȢȠȓțȠȢțĮȚıȒȝĮȞıȘ&(ǼȅȀ
ȝȠȞIJȑȜȠȂȠȞIJ
ĮȡıİȚȡȐȢ61
ȘȜİțIJȡȚțȒIJȐıȘIJȡȠijȠįȩIJȘıȘȢ9țĮȚıȣȤȞȩIJȘIJĮȢ+]
țĮIJĮȞĮȜȚıțȩȝİȞȘȘȜİțIJȡȚțȒȚıȤȪȢ:
ʌȡȐıȚȞȠIJȘȜȑijȦȞȠįȦȡİȐȞțȜȒıȘIJİȤȞȚțȒȢȣʌȠıIJȒȡȚȟȘ
ǵIJĮȞĮʌİȣșȪȞİıIJİıIJĮǼȟȠȣıȚȠįȠIJȘȝȑȞĮȀȑȞIJȡĮȊʌȠıIJȒȡȚȟȘȢȈȑȡȕȚȢȞĮĮȞĮijȑȡİIJİIJȠȝȠȞIJȑȜȠțĮȚIJȠȞ
ĮȡȚșȝȩıİȚȡȐȢIJȘȢȝȘȤĮȞȒȢ
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ıȣıțİȣȒȢȉȠʌȠșİIJȒıIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒıİȝȚĮİʌȓʌİįȘİʌȚijȐȞİȚĮ
ǹȞȠȓȟIJİIJȠțĮʌȐțȚIJȠȣįȠȤİȓȠȣ-īİȝȓıIJİIJȠįȠȤİȓȠȝİȞİȡȩIJȘȢȕȡȪıȘȢȝȑȤȡȚIJȘȝȑȖȚıIJȘıIJȐșȝȘʌȠȣıȘȝİȚ-
ȫȞİIJĮȚȝİIJȘȞȑȞįİȚȟȘ0$;ǼȚț
ȁįijȑijșĴȑIJșʍȝȓȢȧIJșȣİȬIJijıțİțįȔijıȢșʍȢȡIJȡȥȓȟįȞșȟʍȒIJıțȟıȢȪIJijȡijȞȓȞįijȧȟİțįȜȡʍijȬȟʍȡȤ
ȞʍȡȢıȔȟįİțıțIJİȫIJıțȞȒIJįIJijįșȝıȜijȢțȜȑȞȒȢș
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ǹijȠȪȖİȝȓıİIJİIJȠįȠȤİȓȠȝİȞȦʌȩijȣıȚțȩȞİȡȩĮȞȐȥIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒʌĮIJȫȞIJĮȢIJȠțȠȣȝʌȓ5ĬĮĮȞȐȥİȚ
IJȠİȞįİȚțIJȚțȩȜĮȝʌȐțȚ6ʌȠȣıȘȝĮȓȞİȚʌȦȢİȓȞĮȚĮȞĮȝȝȑȞȘȘȝȘȤĮȞȒȆİȡȚȝȑȞİIJİȞĮıȕȒıİȚIJȠİȞįİȚțIJȚțȩ
ȜĮȝʌȐțȚ2ȆĮIJȒıIJİIJȠȞįȚĮțȩʌIJȘʌĮȡȠȤȒȢțĮijȑ3ȝȑȤȡȚȞĮIJȡȑȟİȚȗİıIJȩȞİȡȩĮʌȩIJȘȞȑįȡĮIJȘȢȣʌȠįȠȤȒȢ
IJȠȣijȓȜIJȡȠȣǼȚț
ǺĴȓIJijıȟįijȢȒȠıțȟıȢȪįʍȪijșȟȒİȢįijșȣȤʍȡİȡȥȓȣijȡȤĴȔȝijȢȡȤȗțįȝıʍijȑĬțįȟįIJijįȞįijȓIJıijı
ijșȟıȜȢȡȓijȡȤȟıȢȡȫʍįijȓIJijıijȡȟİțįȜȪʍijșʍįȢȡȥȓȣȜįĴȒ3ǺĴȓIJijıijșIJȤIJȜıȤȓIJıʍįȫIJșȗțį
ȝıʍijȪǺĴȓIJijıȟįıȜȢıȫIJıțijȡȤȝȑȥțIJijȡȟȒȟįİȡȥıȔȡȟıȢȡȫȬIJijıȟįȜįȚįȢȔIJıțȜįȝȑijȡıIJȧijıȢțȜȪ
ȜȫȜȝȧȞįijȡȤȝȒȖșijįȊșȢȓIJijıijȡȤȣȥȢȪȟȡȤȣıȜȢȡȓȣijȡȤȟıȢȡȫȜįțʍįȫIJșȣǺȟȡȔȠijıȜįțijȡȢȡȤȞʍțȟȒ-
ijȡ7ȗȤȢȔȘȡȟijįȣijȡıȝįĴȢȑʍȢȡȣijįįȢțIJijıȢȑįĴȡȫȖȑȝıijıȒȟįİȡȥıȔȡȜȑijȧįʍȪijȡIJȧȝșȟȑȜțijȡȤ
ıȠįȢijȓȞįijȡȣ0D[L&DSSXFFLQR0
71
EL
ȈIJȘıȣȞȑȤİȚĮțȜİȓıIJİIJȠȡȠȣȝʌȚȞȑIJȠ7ȖȣȡȓȗȠȞIJȐȢIJȠʌȡȠȢIJĮįİȟȚȐțĮȚʌĮIJȒıIJİIJȠȞįȚĮțȩʌIJȘʌĮȡȠȤȒȢțĮijȑ
3ȖȚĮȞĮıIJĮȝĮIJȒıİȚȘİțȡȠȒIJȠȣȞİȡȠȪȆİȡȚȝȑȞİIJİȞĮıȕȒıİȚIJȠİȞįİȚțIJȚțȩȜĮȝʌȐțȚ2ǾȝȘȤĮȞȒİȓȞĮȚ
ȑIJȠȚȝȘȖȚĮȞĮijIJȚȐȟİȚțĮijȑ
ƲƺƴƯƣƷƵƫƣưƧƵƧƬƣƷƧ
ȆİȡȐıIJİIJȠıȠȣȡȦIJȒȡȚ'IJȠįȚȐIJȡȘIJȠʌȚĮIJȐțȚĮʌȩıȚȜȚțȩȞȘ(țĮȚIJȠijȓȜIJȡȠȖȚĮijȜȚIJȗȐȞȚĮ)ȒȖȚĮ
ijȜȚIJȗȐȞȚ*ıIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒijȓȜIJȡȠȣ&ǼȚțIJȠįȚȐIJȡȘIJȠʌȚĮIJȐțȚĮʌȩıȚȜȚțȩȞȘȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮIJȠʌȠșİIJȘșİȓ
ıIJȠıȠȣȡȦIJȒȡȚȝȩȞȠĮʌȩIJȘȝȓĮʌȜİȣȡȐǺȐȜIJİIJȠȞțĮijȑıIJȠijȓȜIJȡȠțĮȚʌĮIJȒıIJİİȜĮijȡȐȝİIJȠİȚįȚțȩʌȚİıIJȘ-
ȡȐțȚȖȚĮįȪȠțĮijȑįİȢȖİȝȓıIJİʌȜȒȡȦȢįȪȠȝİȗȠȪȡİȢİȞȫȖȚĮȑȞĮȞțĮijȑȖİȝȓıIJİȝȚĮȝİȗȠȪȡĮǹıijĮȜȓıIJİ
IJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒijȓȜIJȡȠȣıIJȘȞȑįȡĮIJȘȢ
Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ
ȈȣıijȓȟIJİIJȘȞțĮȜȐʌİȡȚıIJȡȑijȠȞIJȐȢIJȘȞĮʌȩIJĮĮȡȚıIJİȡȐʌȡȠȢIJĮįİȟȚȐțĮȚȕİȕĮȚȦșİȓIJİʌȦȢȑȤİIJİ
ĮıijĮȜȓıİȚțĮȜȐIJȘijȜȐȞIJȗĮǼȚț
ǹȞȕȐȜİIJİıIJȠijȓȜIJȡȠȣʌİȡȕȠȜȚțȒʌȠıȩIJȘIJĮțĮijȑȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮțĮIJĮıIJİȓįȣıȤİȡȒȢȘʌİȡȚıIJȡȠijȒIJȘȢ
ȣʌȠįȠȤȒȢijȓȜIJȡȠȣȒțĮȚțĮIJȐIJȘȞʌĮȡȠȤȒIJȠȣțĮijȑȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮʌĮȡȠȣıȚĮıIJȠȪȞįȚĮȡȡȠȑȢ ĮʌȩIJȘȞ
ȣʌȠįȠȤȒ
ǼȜȑȖȟĮIJİȩIJȚIJȠʌȜȒțIJȡȠIJȘȢȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮȢĮIJȝȠȪ1įİȞʌĮIJȒșȘțİĮțȠȪıȚĮ
ȈȣȞȚıIJȠȪȝİȞĮĮijȒıİIJİIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒijȓȜIJȡȠȣȞĮȗİıIJĮșİȓıIJȘȞȑįȡĮIJȘȢȖȚĮȝİȡȚțȐȜİʌIJȐʌȡȚȞijIJȚȐȟİIJİțĮijȑ
ȫıIJİȞĮİȓȞĮȚĮȡțİIJȐȗİıIJȩȢțĮȚȠʌȡȫIJȠȢțĮijȑȢǾįȚĮįȚțĮıȓĮĮȣIJȒįİȞȤȡİȚȐȗİIJĮȚȖȚĮIJȠȣȢİʌȩȝİȞȠȣȢ
țĮijȑįİȢ
īȚĮȞĮĮȡȤȓıİIJİIJȘȞʌĮȡȠȤȒțĮijȑʌĮIJȒıIJİIJȠȞįȚĮțȩʌIJȘ3ȠțĮijȑȢșĮĮȡȤȓıİȚȞĮİțȡȑİȚĮʌȩIJĮȡȐȝijȘ
IJȘȢȣʌȠįȠȤȒȢijȓȜIJȡȠȣīȚĮȞĮıIJĮȝĮIJȒıİIJİIJȘȞʌĮȡȠȤȒʌĮIJȒıIJİȟĮȞȐIJȠȞįȚĮțȩʌIJȘ3ǾȝȑȖȚıIJȘįȩıȘȖȚĮ
ȑȞĮȞțĮijȑİȓȞĮȚPO
Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ
ǵʌȦȢțĮȚıIJȚȢİʌĮȖȖİȜȝĮIJȚțȑȢȝȘȤĮȞȑȢțĮijȑįİȞʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮĮijĮȚȡİȓIJİIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒijȓȜIJȡȠȣȩIJĮȞȠ
įȚĮțȩʌIJȘȢʌĮȡȠȤȒȢİȓȞĮȚıIJȘșȑıȘ3țȓȞįȣȞȠȢİȖțĮȣȝȐIJȦȞ
Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ
ǵIJĮȞIJİȜİȚȫıİȚȘʌĮȡȠȤȒIJȠȣțĮijȑʌİȡȚȝȑȞİIJİįȑțĮįİȣIJİȡȩȜİʌIJĮʌİȡȓʌȠȣʌȡȚȞĮijĮȚȡȑıİIJİIJȘȞȣʌȠ-
įȠȤȒijȓȜIJȡȠȣȈIJȘıȣȞȑȤİȚĮĮijĮȚȡȑıIJİIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒijȓȜIJȡȠȣȖȣȡȓȗȠȞIJȐȢIJȘȞĮȡȖȐĮʌȩįİȟȚȐʌȡȠȢIJĮ
ĮȡȚıIJİȡȐȫıIJİȞĮĮʌȠijȪȖİIJİʌȚIJıȚȜȓıȝĮIJĮțĮȚİțIJȠȟİȪıİȚȢȞİȡȠȪȒțĮijȑ
ǵIJĮȞȘȝȘȤĮȞȒİȓȞĮȚıIJĮȝĮIJȘȝȑȞȘıİĮȞĮȝȠȞȒșĮĮȞĮȕȠıȕȒȞİȚʌİȡȚȠįȚțȐIJȠİȞįİȚțIJȚțȩȜĮȝʌȐțȚ2įİȓȤȞȠ-
ȞIJĮȢIJȘȞİʌȑȝȕĮıȘIJȠȣșİȡȝȠıIJȐIJȘIJȠȣȜȑȕȘIJĮʌȠȣȤȡȘıȚȝİȪİȚȖȚĮIJȘįȚĮIJȒȡȘıȘIJȘȢȕȑȜIJȚıIJȘȢșİȡȝȠțȡĮıȓĮȢ
IJȠȣȞİȡȠȪ
įȟȜįijȑijșȟįȟįȞȡȟȓijȡȤįijȞȡȫʍįȢȡȤIJțįIJijȡȫȟȞțȜȢȒȣİțįĴȤȗȒȣįijȞȡȫįʍȪijșȟȤʍȡİȡȥȓijȡȤĴȔȝ-
ijȢȡȤʍȢȪȜıțijįțȗțįȒȟįįʍȪȝȤijįĴȤIJțȡȝȡȗțȜȪĴįțȟȪȞıȟȡ
īȚĮIJȠȞʌȡȫIJȠțĮijȑțĮȚȖȚĮIJȠȣȢİʌȩȝİȞȠȣȢıȣȞȚıIJȐIJĮȚȞĮĮȡȤȓıİIJİIJȘȞʌĮȡȠȤȒțĮijȑȝȠȞȐȤĮĮijȠȪıȕȒıİȚ
IJȠİȞįİȚțIJȚțȩȜĮȝʌȐțȚ2
ƥƾǍNJǔǍǂDžǐǘdžǀǐǖǎdžǒǐǞNjǂǕƽǕLjǘǒƿǔLj
ǻİȞĮʌĮȚIJİȓIJĮȚțĮȝȓĮȚįȚĮȓIJİȡȘİȡȖĮıȓĮȩIJĮȞIJİȜİȚȫȞİȚIJȠȞİȡȩıIJȠįȠȤİȓȠįİįȠȝȑȞȠȣȩIJȚȘıȣıțİȣȒįȚĮșȑIJİȚ
ȝȚĮȕĮȜȕȓįĮĮȣIJȩȝĮIJȘȢİȞİȡȖȠʌȠȓȘıȘȢǹijȠȪȕȐȜİIJİIJȠijȚȢıIJȘȞʌȡȓȗĮȟĮȞĮȖİȝȓıIJİIJȠįȠȤİȓȠȝİȞİȡȩIJȘȢ
ȕȡȪıȘȢȝȑȤȡȚIJȘȝȑȖȚıIJȘıIJȐșȝȘʌȠȣıȘȝİȚȫȞİIJĮȚȝİIJȘȞȑȞįİȚȟȘ0$;ǻȫıIJİȚįȚĮȓIJİȡȘʌȡȠıȠȤȒȞĮȝȘȞ
ʌȑıİȚȞİȡȩıIJȠIJȝȒȝĮIJȦȞįȚĮțȠʌIJȫȞʌȠȣȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮįȚİȚıįȪıİȚȝȑıĮıIJĮȘȜİțIJȡȚțȐȝȑȡȘ
ƭdžNJǕǐǖǒDŽǀǂǂǖǕǝǍǂǕǐǖǔǃLjǔǀǍǂǕǐǓ02'$
ǹȞİȓȞĮȚĮȞĮȝȝȑȞȘȘȝȘȤĮȞȒĮȜȜȐįİȞIJȘȞȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓIJİȝİIJȐĮʌȩȜİʌIJȐİʌİȝȕĮȓȞİȚȘȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮĮȣIJȩ-
ȝĮIJȠȣıȕȘıȓȝĮIJȠȢǹȣIJȒȘȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮșȑIJİȚIJȘȝȘȤĮȞȒıİĮȞĮȝȠȞȒǼȓȞĮȚıȕȘıIJȩIJȠİȞįİȚțIJȚțȩȜĮȝʌȐțȚ6
īȚĮȞĮĮȞȐȥİIJİIJȘȝȘȤĮȞȒʌĮIJȒıIJİȟĮȞȐIJȠțȠȣȝʌȓ5
ƲǚǔǎǂǗǕNJǂǏdžǕdžNjǂǗdžǍdžǕLjǎǕǂǍǑnjdžǕǂ
īȚĮȞĮijIJȚȐȟİIJİȑȞĮȞțĮijȑȝİIJĮȝʌȜȑIJĮʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȒıİIJİIJȠİȚįȚțȩijȓȜIJȡȠȖȚĮijȜȚIJȗȐȞȚIJĮȝʌȜȑIJĮ
*ʌȠȣșĮȕȡİȓIJİıIJĮİȟĮȡIJȒȝĮIJĮĮțȠȜȠȣșȫȞIJĮȢIJȘȞİȟȒȢįȚĮįȚțĮıȓĮ
72
EL
ȉȠʌȠșİIJȒıIJİIJȘȞIJĮȝʌȜȑIJĮıIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒijȓȜIJȡȠȣǼȚț
ȈʌȡȫȟIJİʌȡȠȢIJĮȝȑıĮIJȘȞIJĮȝʌȜȑIJĮȝİIJĮįȐțIJȣȜĮǾIJĮȝʌȜȑIJĮʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮIJȠʌȠșİIJȘșİȓıIJȠțȑȞIJȡȠIJȠȣ
ijȓȜIJȡȠȣ
ȉȫȡĮȝʌȠȡİȓIJİȞĮȕȐȜİIJİIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒijȓȜIJȡȠȣıIJȘȞȑįȡĮIJȘȢȈȣıijȓȟIJİIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒijȓȜIJȡȠȣțĮȚȕİȕĮȚȦ-
șİȓIJİʌȦȢİȓȞĮȚțĮȜȐĮıijĮȜȚıȝȑȞȘıIJȘijȜȐȞIJȗĮǼȚț
ǹijȠȪijIJȚȐȟİIJİIJȠȞțĮijȑĮijĮȚȡȫȞIJĮȢIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒIJȠȣijȓȜIJȡȠȣȘIJĮȝʌȜȑIJĮȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮıijȘȞȫıİȚıIJȠʌȐȞȦ
ȝȑȡȠȢIJȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢīȚĮȞĮIJȘȞĮijĮȚȡȑıİIJİȖİȓȡİIJİIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒIJȠȣijȓȜIJȡȠȣȩʌȦȢijĮȓȞİIJĮȚıIJȘȞİȚțȩȞĮ
ȖȚĮȞĮʌȑıİȚȝȑıĮȘIJĮȝʌȜȑIJĮǼȚț
īȚĮȞĮijIJȚȐȟİIJİțĮȜȠȪȢțĮijȑįİȢʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮĮȖȠȡȐȗİIJİIJĮȝʌȜȑIJİȢȝİIJȠıȒȝĮıȣȝȕĮIJȩIJȘIJĮȢ(6(
ǺȟșijįȞʍȝȒijįİıȟıȔȟįțȜįȝȑijȡʍȡȚıijșȞȒȟșȓįȟșȤʍȡİȡȥȓijȡȤĴȔȝijȢȡȤİıȟıȔȟįțȜįȝȑIJȤIJĴțȗȞȒȟș
ȞʍȡȢıȔȟįIJijȑȠȡȤȟȞıȢțȜȒȣIJijįȗȪȟıȣȟıȢȡȫįʍȪijșȟȤʍȡİȡȥȓijȡȤĴȔȝijȢȡȤ
ƲƺƴƯƣƷƵƫƣưƧƵƧƬƣƲƱƶƵƴƫƯƱ
īȚĮȞĮijIJȚȐȟİIJİȑȞĮȞțĮʌȠȣIJıȓȞȠȝȚĮȗİıIJȒıȠțȠȜȐIJĮȒȞĮȗİıIJȐȞİIJİȠʌȠȚȠįȒʌȠIJİȐȜȜȠȡȩijȘȝĮʌĮIJȒıIJİ
IJȠȞįȚĮțȩʌIJȘ1ǵIJĮȞȘȜȣȤȞȓĮ2șĮıȕȒıİȚȘȝȘȤĮȞȒȑȤİȚijIJȐıİȚıIJȘȞıȦıIJȒșİȡȝȠțȡĮıȓĮȖȚĮIJȘȞ
ʌĮȡĮȖȦȖȒĮIJȝȠȪ
įȟȜįijȑijșȟįȟįȞȡȟȓijȡȤįijȞȡȫʍįȢȡȤIJțįIJijȡȫȟȞțȜȢȒȣİțįĴȤȗȒȣįijȞȡȫįʍȪijșȟȤʍȡİȡȥȓijȡȤĴȔȝ-
ijȢȡȤʍȢȪȜıțijįțȗțįȒȟįįʍȪȝȤijįĴȤIJțȡȝȡȗțȜȪĴįțȟȪȞıȟȡ
ȈIJȠıȘȝİȓȠĮȣIJȩĮȞȠȓȟIJİIJȠȡȠȣȝʌȚȞȑIJȠʌĮȡȠȤȒȢĮIJȝȠȪ7ȖȣȡȓȗȠȞIJȐȢIJȠʌȡȠȢIJĮĮȡȚıIJİȡȐĮijȠȪȕȑȕĮȚĮ
ȕȐȜİIJİȑȞĮʌȠIJȒȡȚțȐIJȦĮʌȩIJȠİȟȐȡIJȘȝĮ0D[L&DSSXFFLQR0ǼȚțıIJȘȞĮȡȤȒșĮIJȡȑȟİȚȜȓȖȠȞİȡȩțĮȚșĮ
ĮțȠȜȠȣșȒıİȚȝȚĮįȣȞĮIJȒİțIJȩȟİȣıȘĮIJȝȠȪ
ǺȣșȓıIJİțĮȜȐIJȘȞțȐȞȠȣȜĮıIJȠȝʌȡȓțȚȝİIJȠȖȐȜĮǼȚțțĮȚĮȞȠȓȟIJİȟĮȞȐIJȠȡȠȣȝʌȚȞȑIJȠʌĮȡȠȤȒȢ7ȝȑȤȡȚ
ȞĮİʌȚIJȪȤİIJİIJȠİʌȚșȣȝȘIJȩĮʌȠIJȑȜİıȝĮȀĮIJȐIJȘįȚȐȡțİȚĮĮȣIJȒȢIJȘȢįȚĮįȚțĮıȓĮȢIJȠİȞįİȚțIJȚțȩȜĮȝʌȐțȚ2șĮ
ĮȞĮȕȠıȕȒȞİȚʌİȡȚȠįȚțȐįİȓȤȞȠȞIJĮȢʌȦȢȠȜȑȕȘIJĮȢȑȤİȚIJȘıȦıIJȒșİȡȝȠțȡĮıȓĮȖȚĮIJȘȞʌĮȡȠȤȒIJȠȣĮIJȝȠȪ
ȉȤȟțIJijȑijįțȟįıȟıȢȗȡʍȡțȓIJıijıijșȟʍįȢȡȥȓijȡȤįijȞȡȫȞȡȟȑȥįįĴȡȫIJȖȓIJıțįȤijȪijȡıȟİıțȜijțȜȪȝį-
ȞʍȑȜțȃıijȑįʍȪȜȑȚıȥȢȓIJșįĴȓIJijıijȡȟįijȞȪȟįijȢȒȠıțȗțįȞıȢțȜȑİıȤijıȢȪȝıʍijįȬIJijıȟįȜįȚįȢȔIJıț
șȜȑȟȡȤȝįįʍȪijįijȤȥȪȟȜįijȑȝȡțʍįȗȑȝįȜijȡȣ
ǹijȠȪijIJȚȐȟİIJİIJȠȞțĮʌȠȣIJıȓȞȠʌĮIJȒıIJİIJȠȞįȚĮțȩʌIJȘ1ȖȚĮȞĮĮʌȠțȜİȓıİIJİIJȘȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮȝİĮIJȝȩ
ƧƲƣƯƣƸƳƩƴƫƮƱƲƱƫƩƴƩƥƫƣƬƣƷƧ
īȚĮȞĮijIJȚȐȟİIJİȑȞĮȞțĮijȑĮȝȑıȦȢȝİIJȐĮʌȩȑȞĮȞțĮʌȠȣIJıȓȞȠʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮĮʌȠțĮIJĮıIJȒıİIJİIJȘșİȡȝȠțȡĮıȓĮ
IJȠȣȜȑȕȘIJĮȖȚĮțĮijȑİțIJİȜȫȞIJĮȢIJȚȢʌĮȡĮțȐIJȦİȡȖĮıȓİȢǹȞșȑȜİIJİȞĮıȣȞIJȠȝİȪıİIJİIJȠȤȡȩȞȠʌȠȣșĮțȡȣȫ-
ıİȚȠȜȑȕȘIJĮȢIJȠʌȠșİIJȒıIJİȑȞĮįȠȤİȓȠțȐIJȦĮʌȩIJȠİȟȐȡIJȘȝĮȖȚĮțĮʌȠȣIJıȓȞȠʌĮIJȒıIJİIJȠȞįȚĮțȩʌIJȘ3țĮȚ
IJĮȣIJȩȤȡȠȞĮĮijȒıIJİĮȞȠȚțIJȩIJȠȡȠȣȝʌȚȞȑIJȠ7ǹijȒıIJİIJȠȞİȡȩȞĮIJȡȑȟİȚĮʌȩIJȠİȟȐȡIJȘȝĮȖȚĮțĮʌȠȣIJıȓȞȠ
ȈIJȘıȣȞȑȤİȚĮțȜİȓıIJİIJȠȡȠȣȝʌȚȞȑIJȠ7țĮȚĮʌİȞİȡȖȠʌȠȚȒıIJİIJȠȞįȚĮțȩʌIJȘ3īȚĮȞĮijIJȚȐȟİIJİʌȐȜȚȑȞĮȞ
țĮijȑʌİȡȚȝȑȞİIJİȝȑȤȡȚȞĮıȕȒıİȚIJȠİȞįİȚțIJȚțȩȜĮȝʌȐțȚ2
ƲƺƴƯƣƷƵƫƣưƧƵƧƵƴƣƫƩƣƷƧƹƩƮƣƵƣ
ǵIJĮȞȘȝȘȤĮȞȒİȓȞĮȚȑIJȠȚȝȘȞĮijIJȚȐȟİȚțĮijȑįȘȜĮįȒȩIJĮȞİȓȞĮȚıȕȘıIJȩIJȠİȞįİȚțIJȚțȩȜĮȝʌȐțȚ2ȕȐȜIJİ
ȑȞĮijȜȚIJȗȐȞȚțȐIJȦĮʌȩIJȠȡȐȝijȠȢ0țĮȚʌĮIJȒıIJİIJȠȞįȚĮțȩʌIJȘʌĮȡȠȤȒȢțĮijȑ3ǹǹȝȑıȦȢȝİIJȐĮȞȠȓȟIJİ
IJȠȡȠȣȝʌȚȞȑIJȠʌĮȡȠȤȒȢĮIJȝȠȪ7ȫıIJİȞĮIJȡȑȟİȚȗİıIJȩȞİȡȩĮʌȩIJȠȡȐȝijȠȢǾȝȑȖȚıIJȘʌȠıȩIJȘIJĮȖȚĮįȪȠ
ijȜȚIJȗȐȞȚĮİȓȞĮȚPO
ƴƶƮƤƱƶƭƧƴƥƫƣƯƣƧƲƫƵƶƸƧƵƧƧƯƣƯƬƣƭƱƫƵƣƭƫƬƱƬƣƷƧ
ȅĮȜİıȝȑȞȠȢțĮijȑȢȝȑıĮıIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒijȓȜIJȡȠȣʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮʌȚȑȗİIJĮȚİȜĮijȡȐȅțĮijȑȢșĮİȓȞĮȚʌȚȠįȣȞĮIJȩȢ
ȒʌȚȠİȜĮijȡȪȢĮȞȐȜȠȖĮȝİIJȠȕĮșȝȩȐȜİıȘȢIJȠȣțĮijȑțĮȚIJȘȞʌȠıȩIJȘIJȐIJȠȣıIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒIJȠȣijȓȜIJȡȠȣ
ȁȓȖĮįİȣIJİȡȩȜİʌIJĮİȓȞĮȚĮȡțİIJȐȖȚĮȞĮȖİȝȓıİȚIJȠijȜȚIJȗĮȞȐțȚȝİțĮijȑǹȞȠȤȡȩȞȠȢįȚĮȞȠȝȒȢİȓȞĮȚȝİȖĮȜȪIJİ-
ȡȠȢıȘȝĮȓȞİȚȩIJȚIJȠȐȜİıȝĮİȓȞĮȚʌȠȜȪȥȚȜȩȒȩIJȚȘıțȩȞȘʌȠȣIJȠʌȠșİIJȒșȘțİıIJȠijȠȡȑĮijȓȜIJȡȠȣʌĮIJȒșȘțİ
ȣʌİȡȕȠȜȚțȐ
73
EL
ƬƣƪƣƳƫƴƮƱƴƴƶƴƬƧƶƩƴ
Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ
ǵȜİȢȠȚİȡȖĮıȓİȢțĮșĮȡȚıȝȠȪʌȠȣʌİȡȚȖȡȐijȠȞIJĮȚʌĮȡĮțȐIJȦʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮİțIJİȜȠȪȞIJĮȚȝİıȕȘıIJȒȝȘȤĮ-
ȞȒțĮȚȑȤȠȞIJĮȢȕȐȜİȚIJȠijȚȢĮʌȩIJȘȞʌȡȓȗĮ
Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ
ǾIJĮțIJȚțȒțĮșĮȡȚȩIJȘIJĮțĮȚıȣȞIJȒȡȘıȘįȚĮIJȘȡȠȪȞıİțĮȜȒțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘIJȘȝȘȤĮȞȒȖȚĮȝİȖĮȜȪIJİȡȠȤȡȠ-
ȞȚțȩįȚȐıIJȘȝĮȂȘȞʌȜȑȞİIJİʌȠIJȑIJĮİȟĮȡIJȒȝĮIJĮIJȘȢȝȘȤĮȞȒȢıIJȠʌȜȣȞIJȒȡȚȠʌȚȐIJȦȞȂȘȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚ-
İȓIJİĮʌİȣșİȓĮȢİțIJȩȟİȣıȘȞİȡȠȪ
Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ
ȅʌȠȚĮįȒʌȠIJİİʌȑȝȕĮıȘʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮİțIJİȜİȓIJĮȚȩIJĮȞȘȝȘȤĮȞȒİȓȞĮȚțȡȪĮ
ƬǂljǂǒNJǔǍǝǓǕǚǎǗǀnjǕǒǚǎNjǂǗƾ
ǺİȕĮȚȦșİȓIJİʌȦȢȠȚȠʌȑȢįİȞİȓȞĮȚijȡĮȖȝȑȞİȢțĮȚțĮșĮȡȓıIJİIJȚȢȝİȑȞĮȕȠȣȡIJıȐțȚĮȞȤȡİȚȐȗİIJĮȚǼȚț
īȚĮȞĮįȚĮȜȣșȠȪȞȒȞĮĮʌȠȝĮțȡȣȞșȠȪȞIJĮIJȣȤȩȞțĮIJȐȜȠȚʌĮțĮijȑțĮȚȠȚĮțĮșĮȡıȓİȢĮijȒıIJİȞĮIJȡȑȟİȚțĮȣIJȩ
ȞİȡȩĮʌȩIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒijȓȜIJȡȠȣȑȤȠȞIJĮȢIJȠʌȠșİIJȒıİȚIJȠijȓȜIJȡȠȤȦȡȓȢțĮijȑțĮȚĮijȠȪȕȐȜİIJİțȐIJȦĮʌȩIJĮ
ȡȐȝijȘȑȞĮʌȠIJȒȡȚ
Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ
ǹijĮȚȡȑıIJİĮȡȖȐIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒijȓȜIJȡȠȣȖȚĮIJȓȘİȞįİȤȩȝİȞȘȣʌȠȜİȚȝȝĮIJȚțȒʌȓİıȘȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮʌȡȠțĮȜȑıİȚ
ʌȚIJıȚȜȓıȝĮIJĮ
ȈȣȞȚıIJȐIJĮȚȞĮțĮșĮȡȓȗİIJİțĮȜȐIJĮijȓȜIJȡĮʌİȡȓʌȠȣțȐșİȝȒȞİȢȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȫȞIJĮȢIJȚȢĮʌȠȡȡȣʌĮȞIJȚțȑȢʌĮ-
ıIJȓȜȚİȢ&2))((&/($1IJȘȢ$ULHWH ʌȠȣȝʌȠȡİȓIJİȞĮʌȡȠȝȘșİȣIJİȓIJİıIJĮǼȟȠȣıȚȠįȠIJȘȝȑȞĮ ȀȑȞIJȡĮ ȉİȤȞȚ-
țȒȢȊʌȠıIJȒȡȚȟȘȢıȑȡȕȚȢĮțȠȜȠȣșȫȞIJĮȢIJȚȢȠįȘȖȓİȢʌȠȣĮȞĮȖȡȐijȠȞIJĮȚıIJȘıȣıțİȣĮıȓĮȒİȞĮȜȜĮțIJȚțȐ
ȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȫȞIJĮȢȝȚĮʌĮıIJȓȜȚĮțȠȚȞȠȪĮʌȠȡȡȣʌĮȞIJȚțȠȪȤȦȡȓȢʌȡȠıșȒțȘȖȣĮȜȚıIJȚțȠȪȒȐȜȜȦȞȤȘȝȚțȫȞ
ʌȡȠıșȑIJȦȞȖȚĮʌȜȣȞIJȒȡȚĮʌȚȐIJȦȞĮțȠȜȠȣșȫȞIJĮȢIJȘȞʌĮȡĮțȐIJȦįȚĮįȚțĮıȓĮ
ǺȐȜIJİıIJȠijȓȜIJȡȠȤȦȡȓȢțĮijȑȝȚĮIJĮȝʌȜȑIJĮĮʌȠȡȡȣʌĮȞIJȚțȠȪȖȚĮʌȜȣȞIJȒȡȚĮʌȚȐIJȦȞȩIJĮȞȘȝȘȤĮȞȒİȓȞĮȚ
țĮȜȐȗİıIJȒįȘȜĮįȒȝİIJȐĮʌȩIJȠȣȜȐȤȚıIJȠȞȜİʌIJȘșȑȡȝĮȞıȘ
ȉȠʌȠșİIJȒıIJİIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒijȓȜIJȡȠȣıIJȘȝȘȤĮȞȒțĮȚȕȐȜIJİĮʌȩțȐIJȦȑȞĮįȠȤİȓȠ
ȆĮIJȒıIJİIJȠțȠȣȝʌȓțĮijȑȖȚĮȞĮĮȡȤȓıİȚȞĮİțȡȑİȚȞİȡȩțĮȚĮijȒıIJİIJȠȞĮIJȡȑȟİȚȖȚĮįİȣIJİȡȩȜİʌIJĮ
ǻȚĮțȩȥIJİIJȘȡȠȒȞİȡȠȪțĮȚĮijȒıIJİIJȘȞIJĮȝʌȜȑIJĮĮʌȠȡȡȣʌĮȞIJȚțȠȪȞĮİȞİȡȖȒıİȚȖȚĮIJȠȣȜȐȤȚıIJȠȞȜİʌIJȐ
ĮijȒȞȠȞIJĮȢIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒijȓȜIJȡȠȣIJȠʌȠșİIJȘȝȑȞȘıIJȘıȣıțİȣȒ
ǼʌĮȞĮȜȐȕİIJİIJȘȞįȚĮįȚțĮıȓĮİțȡȠȒȢȞİȡȠȪĮijȒȞȠȞIJĮȢIJȘȞĮȞIJȜȓĮȞĮȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȒıİȚȖȚĮįİȣIJİȡȩȜİʌIJĮ
țĮȚȪıIJİȡĮȞĮıIJĮȝĮIJȒıİȚȖȚĮįİȣIJİȡȩȜİʌIJĮȝȑȤȡȚȞĮIJİȜİȚȫıİȚIJȠȞİȡȩıIJĮįȪȠįȠȤİȓĮ
ǹijĮȚȡȑıIJİIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒijȓȜIJȡȠȣĮʌȩIJȘıȣıțİȣȒȕȖȐȜIJİIJȠijȓȜIJȡȠțĮȚȟİʌȜȪȞIJİIJȠțĮȜȐȝİIJȠȞİȡȩIJȘȢ
ȕȡȪıȘȢ
ȈȕȒıIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒĮʌȠıȣȞįȑıIJİIJȠțĮȜȫįȚȠIJȡȠijȠįȠıȓĮȢĮʌȩIJȘȞʌȡȓȗĮȡİȪȝĮIJȠȢțĮȚțĮșĮȡȓıIJİȝİȑȞĮ
ıijȠȣȖȖĮȡȐțȚIJȘȞȑįȡĮʌȠȣʌȡȠıĮȡȝȩȗİIJĮȚȘȣʌȠįȠȤȒIJȠȣijȓȜIJȡȠȣȖȚĮȞĮĮʌȠȝĮțȡȪȞİIJİĮʌȠȡȡȣʌĮȞIJȚ-
țȠȪĮʌȩIJȚȢȠʌȑȢİțȡȠȒȢIJȠȣȞİȡȠȪ
ǹȞȐȥIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒȕȐȜIJİIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒijȓȜIJȡȠȣțĮȚĮijȒıIJİȞĮIJȡȑȟİȚȞİȡȩȖȚĮIJȠȣȜȐȤȚıIJȠȞijȜȚIJȗȐȞȚĮ
ȫıIJİȞĮȠȜȠțȜȘȡȦșİȓIJȠȟȑȕȖĮȜȝĮ
ǹȞȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓIJİțĮșȘȝİȡȚȞȐIJȘȝȘȤĮȞȒțĮijȑıȣȞȚıIJȠȪȝİȞĮțȐȞİIJİIJȘȞʌĮȡĮʌȐȞȦįȚĮįȚțĮıȓĮțĮșĮȡȚ-
ıȝȠȪIJȠȣȜȐȤȚıIJȠȞțȐșİIJȡİȚȢȝȒȞİȢ
ƬǂljǂǒNJǔǍǝǓǕLjǓǖǑǐDžǐǘƿǓǗǀnjǕǒǐǖDŽNJǂǕǂǍǑnjƾǕǂǖ
ȂİIJȠʌȠșİIJȘȝȑȞȘIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒijȓȜIJȡȠȣȤȦȡȓȢȞĮȑȤİȚȝȑıĮIJĮȝʌȜȑIJĮʌĮIJȒıIJİIJȠțȠȣȝʌȓʌĮȡȠȤȒȢ5ĮijȠȪ
ȕȐȜİIJİȑȞĮʌȠIJȒȡȚțȐIJȦĮʌȩIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒijȓȜIJȡȠȣȂİĮȣIJȩȞIJȠȞIJȡȩʌȠșĮįȚĮȜȣșȠȪȞțĮȚșĮĮʌȠȝĮțȡȣȞșȠȪȞ
IJĮțĮIJȐȜȠȚʌĮțĮijȑțĮȚȐȜȜȦȞĮțĮșĮȡıȚȫȞʌȠȣIJȣȤȩȞȣʌȐȡȤȠȣȞıIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒIJȠȣijȓȜIJȡȠȣ
ƬǂljǂǒNJǔǍǝǓǔǕǐǑNJǂǕƽNjNJǂǑǝǔNJnjNJNjǝǎLj
ȆȜȪȞIJİIJȠʌȚĮIJȐțȚıȚȜȚțȩȞȘȢ(ıİIJȡİȤȠȪȝİȞȠȞİȡȩIJȘȢȕȡȪıȘȢȜȣȖȓȗȠȞIJȐȢIJȠİȜĮijȡȐıIJĮʌȜİȣȡȐȖȚĮȞĮ
İȜİȣșİȡȫıİIJİIJȘȞțİȞIJȡȚțȒȠʌȒĮʌȩIJȣȤȩȞțĮIJȐȜȠȚʌĮıțȩȞȘȢțĮijȑʌȠȣȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮIJȘijȡȐȗȠȣȞǼȚț
ƬǂljǂǒNJǔǍǝǓƾDžǒǂǓǖǑǐDžǐǘƿǓǗǀnjǕǒǐǖ
ȂİIJȘȤȡȒıȘȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮıȣııȦȡİȣIJȠȪȞțĮIJĮțȐșȚĮțĮijȑıIJȘȞȑįȡĮIJȠʌȠșȑIJȘıȘȢIJȘȢȣʌȠįȠȤȒȢIJȠȣijȓȜIJȡȠȣ
74
EL
IJĮȠʌȠȓĮȝʌȠȡİȓIJİȞĮĮijĮȚȡȑıİIJİȝİȝȚĮȠįȠȞIJȠȖȜȣijȓįĮǼȚțȝİȑȞĮıijȠȣȖȖĮȡȐțȚȒĮijȒȞȠȞIJĮȢIJȠȞİȡȩ
ȞĮIJȡȑȟİȚȤȦȡȓȢIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒIJȠȣijȓȜIJȡȠȣǼȚț
ƬǂljǂǒNJǔǍǝǓdžǏǂǒǕƿǍǂǕǐǓ0D[L&DSSXFFLQR
Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ
ǼțIJİȜȑıIJİIJȘȞİȡȖĮıȓĮĮȣIJȒȩIJĮȞİȓȞĮȚțȡȪȠIJȠȝİIJĮȜȜȚțȩıȦȜȘȞȐțȚȖȚĮȞĮĮʌȠijȪȖİIJİIJĮİȖțĮȪȝĮIJĮ
ȄİȕȚįȫıIJİIJȠİȟȐȡIJȘȝĮ0ĮʌȩIJȠıȦȜȘȞȐțȚțĮȚʌȜȪȞİIJȑIJȠıIJȘȕȡȪıȘȉȠıȦȜȘȞȐțȚȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮțĮșĮȡȚıIJİȓ
ȝİȑȞĮȝĮȜĮțȩʌĮȞȓȄĮȞĮȕȚįȫıIJİIJȑȡȝĮIJȠİȟȐȡIJȘȝĮǹȞȤȡİȚȐȗİIJĮȚțĮșĮȡȓıIJİȝİȝȚĮȕİȜȩȞĮIJȘȞȠʌȒİȟȩįȠȣ
IJȠȣĮIJȝȠȪȂİIJȐĮʌȩțȐșİȤȡȒıȘĮijȒıIJİȞĮȕȖİȚĮIJȝȩȢȖȚĮȜȓȖĮįİȣIJİȡȩȜİʌIJĮȫıIJİȞĮțĮșĮȡȓıİȚȘȠʌȒ
ĮʌȩIJȣȤȩȞțĮIJȐȜȠȚʌĮ
ƬǂljǂǒNJǔǍǝǓǕǐǖDžǐǘdžǀǐǖ
ȈȣȞȚıIJȐIJĮȚȞĮțĮșĮȡȓȗİIJİʌİȡȚȠįȚțȐIJȠİıȦIJİȡȚțȩIJȠȣįȠȤİȓȠȣȝİȑȞĮıijȠȣȖȖȐȡȚȒȑȞĮȣȖȡȩʌĮȞȓ
ƬǂljǂǒNJǔǍǝǓǔǘƽǒǂǓNjǂNJnjdžNjǂǎƽNjNJǔǖnjnjǐDŽƿǓǔǕǂDŽǝǎǚǎ
ȋʍıȟȚȤȞȔȘȡȤȞıʍȧȣʍȢȒʍıțȜȑȚıijȪIJȡȟįįİıțȑȘıijıijȡȝıȜįȟȑȜțIJȤȝȝȡȗȓȣIJijįȗȪȟȧȟ$
ǹijĮȚȡȑıIJİIJȘıȤȐȡĮ%țĮȚʌȜȪȞIJİIJȘȞțȐIJȦĮʌȩIJȘȕȡȪıȘȉȡĮȕȒȟIJİȑȟȦIJȠȜİțĮȞȐțȚıȣȜȜȠȖȒȢıIJĮȖȩȞȦȞ
$ĮįİȚȐıIJİIJȠțĮȚʌȜȪȞIJİIJȠıİIJȡİȤȠȪȝİȞȠȞİȡȩIJȘȢȕȡȪıȘȢ
ƬǂljǂǒNJǔǍǝǓǔǟǍǂǕǐǓǍLjǘǂǎƿǓ
Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ
ȀĮșĮȡȓıIJİIJĮıIJĮșİȡȐȝȑȡȘIJȘȢȝȘȤĮȞȒȢȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȫȞIJĮȢȑȞĮĮʌĮȜȩȣȖȡȩʌĮȞȓȖȚĮȞĮȝȘȞțȐȞİIJİ
ȗȘȝȚȐ
ƣƷƣƫƳƧƴƩƣƭƣƵƺƯ
ǾIJĮțIJȚțȒıȣȞIJȒȡȘıȘțĮȚțĮșĮȡȚȩIJȘIJĮįȚĮIJȘȡȠȪȞIJȘȝȘȤĮȞȒıİțĮȜȒțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘȖȚĮȝİȖĮȜȪIJİȡȠȤȡȠȞȚțȩįȚ-
ȐıIJȘȝĮȝİȚȫȞȠȞIJĮȢıȘȝĮȞIJȚțȐIJȠȞțȓȞįȣȞȠıȤȘȝĮIJȚıȝȠȪĮȜȐIJȦȞıIJȘıȣıțİȣȒǹȞȩȝȦȢȝİIJȘȞʌȐȡȠįȠIJȠȣ
ȤȡȩȞȠȣȘȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮIJȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢʌĮȡȠȣıȚȐıİȚțȐʌȠȚİȢĮȞȦȝĮȜȓİȢİȟĮȚIJȓĮȢIJȘȢȤȡȒıȘȢȚįȚĮȓIJİȡĮıțȜȘȡȠȪ
ȞİȡȠȪȝİȝİȖȐȜȘʌİȡȚİțIJȚțȩIJȘIJĮĮȜȐIJȦȞȝʌȠȡİȓIJİȞĮʌȡȠȕİȓIJİıIJȘȞĮijĮȓȡİıȒIJȠȣȢȫıIJİȞĮĮʌȠțĮIJĮ-
ıIJȒıİIJİIJȘȞțĮȞȠȞȚțȒȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮȋȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȒıIJİȖȚĮIJȠıțȠʌȩĮȣIJȩĮʌȠțȜİȚıIJȚțȐIJȠʌȡȠȧȩȞĮijĮȓȡİıȘȢ
ĮȜȐIJȦȞ12&$/IJȘȢ$ULHWHʌȠȣʌİȡȚȑȤİȚțȚIJȡȚțȩȠȟȪȉȠʌȡȠȧȩȞĮȣIJȩʌȡȠȝȘșİȪİIJĮȚıIJĮȀȑȞIJȡĮȉİȤȞȚțȒȢ
ǼȟȣʌȘȡȑIJȘıȘȢȈȑȡȕȚȢIJȘȢ$ULHWH$ULHWHįİȞĮȞĮȜĮȝȕȐȞİȚțĮȝȓĮİȣșȪȞȘȖȚĮȕȜȐȕİȢıIJĮİıȦIJİȡȚțȐİȟĮȡ-
IJȒȝĮIJĮIJȘȢȝȘȤĮȞȒȢțĮijȑʌȠȣʌȡȠțȜȒșȘțĮȞĮʌȩIJȘȤȡȒıȘĮıȪȝȕĮIJȦȞʌȡȠȧȩȞIJȦȞʌȠȣʌİȡȚȑȤȠȣȞȤȘȝȚțȐ
ʌȡȩıșİIJĮīȚĮIJȘȞįȚĮįȚțĮıȓĮĮijĮȓȡİıȘȢIJȦȞĮȜȐIJȦȞıȣȝȕȠȣȜİȣșİȓIJİIJȠȑȞIJȣʌȠȠįȘȖȚȫȞʌȠȣșĮȕȡİȓIJİıIJȘ
ıȣıțİȣĮıȓĮIJȠȣʌȡȠȧȩȞIJȠȢ
ƣƸƳƩƴƵƧƶƴƩƴƶƴƬƧƶƩƴ
ȈİʌİȡȓʌIJȦıȘșȑıȘȢİțIJȩȢȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮȢIJȘȢȝȘȤĮȞȒȢʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮIJȘȞĮʌȠıȣȞįȑıİIJİĮʌȩIJȠȘȜİțIJȡȚțȩįȓțIJȣȠ
ǹįİȚȐıIJİIJȠįȠȤİȓȠIJȠȣȞİȡȠȪȋȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȒıIJİIJȠȤİȡȠȪȜȚȖȚĮȞĮȖİȓȡİIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒȫıIJİȞĮİțȡİȪıİȚIJȠ
ȞİȡȩĮʌȩIJȠĮțȡȠijȪıȚȠįȓȞȠȞIJĮȢȚįȚĮȓIJİȡȘʌȡȠıȠȤȒȞĮȝȘȞʌȑıİȚȞİȡȩıIJȠIJȝȒȝĮIJȦȞįȚĮțȠʌIJȫȞʌȠȣ
ȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮįȚİȚıįȪıİȚȝȑıĮıIJĮȘȜİțIJȡȚțȐȝȑȡȘǹįİȚȐıIJİIJȠıțĮijȐțȚıȣȜȜȠȖȒȢıIJĮȖȩȞȦȞțĮȚțĮșĮȡȓıIJİIJȠ
ʌĮȡĮʌȑȝʌȠȣȝİıIJȘȞʌĮȡȐȖȡĮijȠ©ȀĮșĮȡȚıȝȩȢIJȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢª
75
EL
ƲƺƴƯƣƣƲƱƬƣƵƣƴƵƩƴƧƵƧƵƫƴƲƣƳƣƬƣƵƺƣƯƺƮƣƭƫƧƴ
Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ
ȈİʌİȡȓʌIJȦıȘȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȚțȫȞĮȞȦȝĮȜȚȫȞıȕȒıIJİĮȝȑıȦȢIJȘȝȘȤĮȞȒțĮȚȕȖȐȜIJİIJȠijȚȢĮʌȩIJȘȞʌȡȓȗĮ
ȆȇȅǺȁǾȂǹȉǹ ǹǿȉǿǼȈ ǻǿȅȇĬȍȉǿȀǼȈǼȆǼȂǺǹȈǼǿȈ
ǾȝȘȤĮȞȒ
įİȞȕȖȐȗİȚ
țĮȣIJȩȞİȡȩȖȚĮ
ĮijİȥȒȝĮIJĮ
ȆȚșĮȞȒİȓıȠįȠȢĮȑȡĮıIJȠ
țȪțȜȦȝĮȝİİʌĮțȩȜȠȣșȠ
ȝʌȜȠțȐȡȚıȝĮIJȘȢĮȞIJȜȓĮȢ
ǺİȕĮȚȦșİȓIJİʌȦȢȘıIJȐșȝȘIJȠȣȞİȡȠȪıIJȠįȠȤİȓȠİȓȞĮȚ
țĮȞȠȞȚțȒįȚĮijȠȡİIJȚțȐȖİȝȓıIJİIJȠȝİȞȦʌȩijȣıȚțȩȞİȡȩ
ǼʌĮȞĮȜȐȕİIJİIJȚȢİȡȖĮıȓİȢʌȠȣʌİȡȚȖȡȐijȠȞIJĮȚıIJȘȞ
ʌĮȡȐȖȡĮijȠ³ȆȡȠțĮIJĮȡțIJȚțȑȢİȡȖĮıȓİȢȖȚĮIJȘȤȡȒıȘ
ĭȡĮȖȝȑȞȘȠʌȒİȟȩįȠȣ
ĮIJȝȠȪıIJȘȞțȐȞȠȣȜĮ
ȀĮșĮȡȓıIJİȝİȝȚĮȕİȜȩȞĮIJĮIJȣȤȩȞțĮIJȐȜȠȚʌĮʌȠȣ
ijȡȐȗȠȣȞIJȘȞȠʌȒIJȘȢțȐȞȠȣȜĮȢ
ǼțȡȠȒĮIJȝȠȪ
ĮʌȩIJĮȐțȡĮ
IJȘȢȣʌȠįȠȤȒȢ
ijȓȜIJȡȠȣ
ȆȡȠıʌĮșİȓIJİȞĮțȐȞİIJİ
ʌĮȡȠȤȒțĮijȑİȞȫ
İȓȞĮȚİȞİȡȖȠʌȠȚȘȝȑȞȘ
ȘȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮĮIJȝȠȪ
ǺİȕĮȚȦșİȓIJİʌȦȢįİȞ
ʌĮIJȒșȘțİțĮIJȐȜȐșȠȢIJȠ
ʌȜȒțIJȡȠȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮȢĮIJȝȠȪ
ǻȚĮțȩȥIJİIJȘȞȤȠȡȒȖȘıȘIJȠȣțĮijȑȆĮIJȒıIJİIJȠʌȜȒțIJȡȠ
1ȖȚĮȞĮĮʌȠțȜİȓıİIJİIJȘȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮĮIJȝȠȪīȚĮȞĮ
ijIJȚȐȟİIJİʌȐȜȚȑȞĮȞțĮijȑʌİȡȚȝȑȞİIJİȝȑȤȡȚȞĮıȕȒıİȚIJȠ
İȞįİȚțIJȚțȩȜĮȝʌȐțȚ2
ǾȝȘȤĮȞȒįİȞ
ȕȖȐȗİȚĮIJȝȩ
ȉȠȞİȡȩİȓȞĮȚȜȓȖȠțĮȚȘ
ĮȞIJȜȓĮįİȞIJȡĮȕȐİȚ
ǺİȕĮȚȦșİȓIJİʌȦȢȘıIJȐșȝȘIJȠȣȞİȡȠȪıIJȠįȠȤİȓȠİȓȞĮȚ
țĮȞȠȞȚțȒįȚĮijȠȡİIJȚțȐȖİȝȓıIJİIJȠȝİȞȦʌȩijȣıȚțȩȞİȡȩ
ĭȡĮȖȝȑȞȘȠʌȒİȟȩįȠȣ
ĮIJȝȠȪıIJȘȞțȐȞȠȣȜĮ
ȀĮșĮȡȓıIJİȝİȝȚĮȕİȜȩȞĮIJĮIJȣȤȩȞțĮIJȐȜȠȚʌĮʌȠȣ
ijȡȐȗȠȣȞIJȘȞȠʌȒIJȘȢțȐȞȠȣȜĮȢ
ǼțȡȠȒțĮijȑ
ĮʌȩIJĮȐțȡĮ
IJȘȢȣʌȠįȠȤȒȢ
ijȓȜIJȡȠȣ
ȊʌİȡȕȠȜȚțȒʌȠıȩIJȘIJĮ
țĮijȑʌȠȣİȝʌȠįȓȗİȚIJȘ
ıȦıIJȒıȪıijȚȟȘIJȘȢ
ȣʌȠįȠȤȒȢijȓȜIJȡȠȣıIJȘ
șȑıȘIJȘȢ
ǹijĮȚȡȑıIJİĮȡȖȐIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒijȓȜIJȡȠȣȖȚĮIJȓȘ
İȞįİȤȩȝİȞȘȣʌȠȜİȚȝȝĮIJȚțȒʌȓİıȘȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮ
ʌȡȠțĮȜȑıİȚʌȚIJıȚȜȓıȝĮIJĮȀĮșĮȡȓıIJİIJȘijȜȐȞIJȗĮ
ȝİȝȚĮȠįȠȞIJȠȖȜȣijȓįĮȒȑȞĮıijȠȣȖȖĮȡȐțȚǼȚț
ǼʌĮȞĮȜȐȕİIJİIJȘȞįȚĮįȚțĮıȓĮȕȐȗȠȞIJĮȢıIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒ
IJȠȣijȓȜIJȡȠȣIJȘıȦıIJȒʌȠıȩIJȘIJĮțĮijȑ
ȀĮIJȐȜȠȚʌĮĮȜİıȝȑȞȠȣ
țĮijȑıIJȘijȜȐȞIJȗĮIJȘȢ
ȑįȡĮȢİijĮȡȝȠȖȒȢIJȘȢ
ȣʌȠįȠȤȒȢIJȠȣijȓȜIJȡȠȣ
ȀĮșĮȡȓıIJİIJȘijȜȐȞIJȗĮȝİȝȚĮȠįȠȞIJȠȖȜȣijȓįĮȒȑȞĮ
ıijȠȣȖȖĮȡȐțȚǼȚț
ĭȡĮȖȝȑȞȘȠʌȒıIJȠʌȚĮIJȐțȚ
ıȚȜȚțȩȞȘȢ
ȆȜȪȞIJİIJȠʌȚĮIJȐțȚıȚȜȚțȩȞȘȢ(ıİIJȡİȤȠȪȝİȞȠȞİȡȩ
IJȘȢȕȡȪıȘȢȜȣȖȓȗȠȞIJȐȢIJȠİȜĮijȡȐıIJĮʌȜİȣȡȐȖȚĮȞĮ
İȜİȣșİȡȫıİIJİIJȘȞțİȞIJȡȚțȒȠʌȒĮʌȩIJȣȤȩȞțĮIJȐȜȠȚʌĮ
ıțȩȞȘȢțĮijȑʌȠȣȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮIJȘijȡȐȗȠȣȞǼȚț
ĭȡĮȖȝȑȞİȢȠʌȑȢİȟȩįȠȣ
ıIJȠijȓȜIJȡȠȝİIJȠȞĮȜİıȝȑȞȠ
țĮijȑ
ǹijĮȚȡȑıIJİĮȡȖȐIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒijȓȜIJȡȠȣȖȚĮIJȓȘ
İȞįİȤȩȝİȞȘȣʌȠȜİȚȝȝĮIJȚțȒʌȓİıȘȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮʌȡȠțĮȜȑıİȚ
ʌȚIJıȚȜȓıȝĮIJĮȀĮșĮȡȓıIJİȝİȑȞĮȕȠȣȡIJıȐțȚȒȝȚĮȕİȜȩȞĮ
IJȚȢijȡĮȖȝȑȞİȢȠʌȑȢIJȠȣijȓȜIJȡȠȣȀĮșĮȡȓıIJİIJȠijȓȜIJȡȠ
ȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȫȞIJĮȢIJȚȢIJĮȝʌȜȑIJİȢ&2))((&/($1IJȘȢ
$ULHWHțĮȚĮțȠȜȠȣșȫȞIJĮȢIJȚȢȠįȘȖȓİȢʌȠȣșĮȕȡİȓIJİıIJȘ
ıȣıțİȣĮıȓĮIJȠȣȢ
ǼȜĮIJIJȦȝĮIJȚțȩIJĮȝʌȜȑIJĮ ǹȞIJȚțĮIJĮıIJȒıIJİIJȠIJĮȝʌȜȑIJĮıIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒijȓȜIJȡȠȣ
76
EL
ȆȇȅǺȁǾȂǹȉǹ ǹǿȉǿǼȈ ǻǿȅȇĬȍȉǿȀǼȈǼȆǼȂǺǹȈǼǿȈ
ǻİȞȕȖĮȓȞİȚ
țĮijȑȢȒȕȖĮȓȞİȚ
ʌȠȜȪĮȡȖȐ
ĭȡĮȖȝȑȞİȢȠʌȑȢıIJȠ
įȚȐIJȡȘIJȠʌȚĮIJȐțȚʌȠȣ
ȣʌȐȡȤİȚıIJȘȞȑįȡĮ
İijĮȡȝȠȖȒȢIJȘȢȣʌȠįȠȤȒȢ
IJȠȣijȓȜIJȡȠȣ
ĬȑıIJİıİȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮIJȘȝȘȤĮȞȒȤȦȡȓȢȣʌȠįȠȤȒijȓȜIJȡȠȣ
ĮijȒȞȠȞIJĮȢȞĮIJȡȑȟİȚIJȠȞİȡȩǹȞIJȠȞİȡȩıȣȞİȤȓıİȚȞĮ
ȝȘȞİțȡȑİȚȠȝȠȚȩȝȠȡijĮĮʌȩȩȜİȢIJȚȢȠʌȑȢțĮșĮȡȓıIJİ
IJĮȐȜĮIJĮȝİIJȠʌȡȠȧȩȞ12&$/IJȘȢ$ULHWHʌȠȣȝʌȠȡİȓIJİ
ȞĮʌȡȠȝȘșİȣșİȓIJİıIJĮȀȑȞIJȡĮȉİȤȞȚțȒȢȊʌȠıIJȒȡȚȟȘȢ
ȈȑȡȕȚȢIJȘȢ$ULHWHțĮȚĮțȠȜȠȣșȫȞIJĮȢIJȚȢȠįȘȖȓİȢʌȠȣșĮ
ȕȡİȓIJİıIJȘıȣıțİȣĮıȓĮIJȠȣȢ
ĭȡĮȖȝȑȞİȢȠʌȑȢİȟȩįȠȣ
ıIJȠijȓȜIJȡȠȝİIJȠȞĮȜİıȝȑȞȠ
țĮijȑ
ǹijĮȚȡȑıIJİĮȡȖȐIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒijȓȜIJȡȠȣȖȚĮIJȓȘ
İȞįİȤȩȝİȞȘȣʌȠȜİȚȝȝĮIJȚțȒʌȓİıȘȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮʌȡȠțĮȜȑıİȚ
ʌȚIJıȚȜȓıȝĮIJĮȀĮșĮȡȓıIJİȝİȑȞĮȕȠȣȡIJıȐțȚȒȝȚĮȕİȜȩȞĮ
IJȚȢijȡĮȖȝȑȞİȢȠʌȑȢIJȠȣijȓȜIJȡȠȣȀĮșĮȡȓıIJİIJȠijȓȜIJȡȠ
ȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȫȞIJĮȢIJȚȢIJĮȝʌȜȑIJİȢ&2))((&/($1IJȘȢ
$ULHWHțĮȚĮțȠȜȠȣșȫȞIJĮȢIJȚȢȠįȘȖȓİȢʌȠȣșĮȕȡİȓIJİıIJȘ
ıȣıțİȣĮıȓĮIJȠȣȢ
ȆȠȜȪȜİʌIJȩȤĮȡȝȐȞȚ
ĮȜİıȝȑȞȠȣțĮijȑ
ǻȠțȚȝȐıIJİȞĮȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȒıİIJİȤĮȡȝȐȞȚĮțĮijȑ
ȤȠȞIJȡȩIJİȡȠȣȢțȩțțȠȣȢ
ȆȠȜȪʌȚİıȝȑȞȠȤĮȡȝȐȞȚ
țĮijȑ
ȆȚȑıIJİȜȚȖȩIJİȡȠIJȠȞțĮijȑȝİIJȠʌȚİıIJȘȡȐțȚ
ȉȠįȠȤİȓȠįİȞİȓȞĮȚțĮȜȐ
IJȠʌȠșİIJȘȝȑȞȠ
,ȍșȒıIJİIJȠIJȑȡȝĮıIJȘȞȑįȡĮIJȠȣ
ĭȡĮȖȝȑȞȘȠʌȒıIJȠʌȚĮIJȐțȚ
ıȚȜȚțȩȞȘȢ
ȆȜȪȞIJİIJȠʌȚĮIJȐțȚıȚȜȚțȩȞȘȢ(ıİIJȡİȤȠȪȝİȞȠȞİȡȩ
IJȘȢȕȡȪıȘȢȜȣȖȓȗȠȞIJȐȢIJȠİȜĮijȡȐıIJĮʌȜİȣȡȐȖȚĮȞĮ
İȜİȣșİȡȫıİIJİIJȘȞțİȞIJȡȚțȒȠʌȒĮʌȩIJȣȤȩȞțĮIJȐȜȠȚʌĮ
ıțȩȞȘȢțĮijȑʌȠȣȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮIJȘijȡȐȗȠȣȞǼȚț
ȉȠȞİȡȩİȓȞĮȚȜȓȖȠțĮȚȘ
ĮȞIJȜȓĮįİȞIJȡĮȕȐİȚ
ǺİȕĮȚȦșİȓIJİʌȦȢȘıIJȐșȝȘIJȠȣȞİȡȠȪıIJȠįȠȤİȓȠİȓȞĮȚ
țĮȞȠȞȚțȒįȚĮijȠȡİIJȚțȐȖİȝȓıIJİIJȠȝİȞȦʌȩijȣıȚțȩȞİȡȩ
ǼȜĮIJIJȦȝĮIJȚțȩIJĮȝʌȜȑIJĮ ǹȞIJȚțĮIJĮıIJȒıIJİIJȠIJĮȝʌȜȑIJĮıIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒijȓȜIJȡȠȣ
ȈʌĮıȝȑȞȠIJĮȝʌȜȑIJĮ ǹijĮȚȡȑıIJİIJȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒijȓȜIJȡȠȣțĮșĮȡȓıIJİIJȘȞȑįȡĮ
IJȘȢȝİȑȞĮıijȠȣȖȖĮȡȐțȚțĮȚIJȠʌȠșİIJȒıIJİȑȞĮțĮȚȞȠȪȡȚȠ
IJĮȝʌȜȑIJĮ
ȅțĮijȑȢİȓȞĮȚ
ʌȠȜȪțȡȪȠȢȒ
ʌȠȜȪ³ȞİȡȠȣȜȩȢ´
ȋȠȞIJȡĮȜİıȝȑȞȠȢțĮijȑȢ īȚĮȞĮİʌȚIJȪȤİIJİʌȣțȞȩIJİȡȠțĮȚʌȚȠȗİıIJȩțĮijȑʌȡȑʌİȚ
ȞĮȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȒıİIJİȑȞĮʌȚȠȥȚȜȠțȠȝȝȑȞȠȤĮȡȝȐȞȚȈİ
ȩȜİȢIJȚȢʌİȡȚʌIJȫıİȚȢIJȠʌȡȩȕȜȘȝĮĮȣIJȩİȟĮȜİȓijİIJĮȚ
ȤȐȡȚȢıIJȠıȪıIJȘȝĮ7KHUPRFUHDPʌȠȣİȟĮıijĮȜȓȗİȚ
ʌȐȞIJĮȑȞĮȞțĮȣIJȩțĮijȑȝİĮȡțİIJȩțĮȧȝȐțȚĮțȩȝĮțĮȚ
ȩIJĮȞIJȠȤĮȡȝȐȞȚİȓȞĮȚȤȠȞIJȡȠĮȜİıȝȑȞȠ
77
RU
ǿǼDzdzǾǴǮǻǶdzDzǮǻǻǼǷǶǻǿȀǾȁǸȄǶǶ
ɇɟɫɦɨɬɪɹɧɚɬɨɱɬɨɞɚɧɧɨɟɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɛɵɥɨɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɨɜɩɨɥɧɨɦɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɢɞɟɣ-
ɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɯɧɨɪɦɢɜɫɟɟɝɨɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɨɩɚɫɧɵɟɱɚɫɬɢɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɵɡɚɳɢɬɨɣɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ
ɜɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɢɬɶɫɹɫɞɚɧɧɨɣɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɟɣ ɢ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɬɪɚɜɦ ɢɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣɢɫ-
ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɫɬɪɨɝɨɩɨɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɸɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɶɞɚɧɧɵɟɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢɜɭɞɨɛɧɨɦɞɥɹ
ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɟɫɬɟȿɫɥɢɜɵɪɟɲɢɬɟɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɶɞɚɧɧɵɣɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɜɞɪɭɝɢɟɪɭɤɢɧɟɡɚɛɭɞɶɬɟɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɶ
ɜɦɟɫɬɟɫɧɢɦɢɷɬɭɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ
ɂɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɚɹɫɹɜɞɚɧɧɨɣɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɟɬɫɹɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦɢɭɫɥɨɜɧɵɦɢɨɛɨɡɧɚ-
ɱɟɧɢɹɦɢɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɨɡɧɚɱɚɸɬ
Ɉɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶɞɥɹɞɟɬɟɣ ɉɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɨɛɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢɨɠɨɝɨɜ
Ɉɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶɩɨɪɚɠɟɧɢɹɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɦ
ɉɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ±ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɣɭɳɟɪɛ
Ɉɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɦɚɹɞɪɭɝɢɦɢɩɪɢɱɢɧɚɦɢ
ǽǾǶǺdzǻdzǻǶdzǽǼǻǮǵǻǮȅdzǻǶȌ
ȼɵɦɨɠɟɬɟɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɬɶɜɚɲɭɤɨɮɟɜɚɪɤɭɞɥɹɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɤɨɮɟɢɤɚɩɭɱɱɢɧɨɤɪɨɦɟɬɨɝɨɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹɩɨ-
ɞɚɱɟɝɨɪɹɱɟɣɜɨɞɵɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɟɱɚɹɢɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯɝɨɪɹɱɢɯɧɚɩɢɬɤɨɜȺɩɩɚɪɚɬɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧ
ɬɨɥɶɤɨɞɥɹɞɨɦɚɲɧɟɝɨɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɢɧɟɞɨɥɠɟɧɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɬɶɫɹɜɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɢɯɢɥɢɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɯɰɟ-
ɥɹɯɅɸɛɨɟɞɪɭɝɨɟɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɞɚɧɧɨɝɨɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɧɟɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɨɟɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɟɦɨɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɚɟɬ
ɟɝɨɨɬɥɸɛɨɣɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢɡɚɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɢɭɳɟɪɛɜɵɡɜɚɧɧɵɟɬɚɤɢɦɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦɉɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ
ɧɟɩɨɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɸɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬɤɨɬɦɟɧɟɥɸɛɨɣɮɨɪɦɵɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɢ
ǼǿȀǮȀǼȅǻȉdzǾǶǿǸǶ
Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɚɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɟɜɞɚɧɧɨɣɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɰɢɢɧɟɩɪɟɞɜɢɞɹɬɡɚɳɢɬɭɩɪɢɦɟɧɹ-
ɸɳɟɝɨɨɬɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɣɩɨɞɚɱɢɩɚɪɚɢɥɢɝɨɪɹɱɟɣɜɨɞɵ
ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓ
Ɉɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶɨɠɨɝɨɜ±ɉɪɢɜɵɩɭɫɤɟɝɨɪɹɱɟɣɜɨɞɵɢɩɚɪɚɧɟɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɬɶɫɬɪɭɸɧɚɞɪɭɝɢɯɥɸɞɟɣɢɥɢ
ɧɚɫɟɛɹɫɚɦɨɝɨɊɚɡɪɟɲɚɟɬɫɹɛɪɚɬɶɫɹɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɡɚɩɥɚɫɬɦɚɫɫɨɜɭɸɱɚɫɬɶɬɪɭɛɤɢ
ɉɪɢɦɟɧɹɬɶɺɦɤɨɫɬɢɬɨɥɶɤɨɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɟɢɡɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ©ɞɥɹɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜɩɢɬɚɧɢɹª
ǻdzǼǯȃǼDzǶǺȉdzǽǾdzDzǼǿȀdzǾdzǴdzǻǶȍ
Ɋɀɋɀȿ ɊɀɋȽɖɇ ɃɌɊɉɆɗɂɉȽȻɈɃɀɇ ɎɍəȾȻ ɈɀɉȼɐɉȿɃɇɉ ȽɈɃɇȻ-
ɍɀɆɗɈɉɊɋɉɒɃɍȻɍɗɌɆɀȿɎəɔɃɀɃɈɌɍɋɎɅɑɃɃ
ɍɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɨ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɥɹ ɞɨɦɚɲɧɟɝɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɧɟ
ɞɨɥɠɧɨɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹɜɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɢɯɢɥɢɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɯɰɟɥɹɯ
ɂɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɶ ɧɟ ɧɟɫɟɬ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɢɥɢɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɟɝɨɜɰɟɥɹɯɧɟɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɯɞɚɧɧɵɦɪɭɤɨ-
ɜɨɞɫɬɜɨɦ
Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɯɪɚɧɢɬɶɨɪɢɝɢɧɚɥɶɧɭɸɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɭɬɤɛɟɫɩɥɚɬɧɨɟɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɨɟ
ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟɧɟɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɨɜɫɥɭɱɚɟɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣɜɵɡɜɚɧɧɵɯɧɟɫɨɨɬ-
ɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɨɣɢɡɞɟɥɢɹɩɪɢɟɝɨɨɬɫɵɥɤɟɜɚɜɬɨɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɣɐɟɧɬɪ
ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɨɝɨɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ
ɉɪɢɛɨɪ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ (& ʋ  ɨɬ
ɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɯɢɦɟɸɳɢɯɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɫɩɢɳɟɜɵɦɢɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚɦɢ
78
RU
ǼȝȎȟțȜȟȠȪȒșȭȒȓȠȓȗ
Ⱦɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɞɟɬɶɦɢɫɬɚɪɲɟɥɟɬɧɨɬɨɥɶɤɨɩɨɞ
ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟɦɜɡɪɨɫɥɵɯɚɬɚɤɠɟɩɨɫɥɟɨɛɴɹɫɧɟɧɢɹɢɦɩɪɚɜɢɥɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɝɨ
ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɢɜɨɦɨɠɧɵɯɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɣɨɬɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɣɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ
ɑɢɫɬɤɚɢɬɟɯɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɦɨɝɭɬɛɵɬɶɞɨɜɟɪɟɧɵɞɟɬɹɦɧɟɦɥɚɞ-
ɲɟɥɟɬɢɬɨɥɶɤɨɩɨɞɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟɦɜɡɪɨɫɥɵɯɇɟɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɣɬɟɱɬɨɛɵɞɟɬɢ
ɢɝɪɚɥɢɫɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦ
ɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɲɧɭɪɞɨɥɠɟɧɜɫɟɝɞɚɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹɜɧɟɡɨɧɵɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɫɬɢɞɥɹ
ɞɟɬɟɣɦɥɚɞɲɟɥɟɬ
ȼɨɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢɧɟɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɭɨɬɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɜɦɟɫɬɚɯɞɨ-
ɫɬɭɩɧɵɯɞɟɬɹɦ
ɉɪɢɩɨɥɧɨɦɩɪɟɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɢɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦɨɬɪɟɡɚɬɶɩɢɬɚɸɳɢɣɩɪɨ-
ɜɨɞɞɥɹɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɢɹɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɜɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɟɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟɋɥɟɞɢɬɶɱɬɨɛɵɨɬ-
ɞɟɥɶɧɵɟɞɟɬɚɥɢɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɟɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶɧɟɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɢɫɶ
ɞɟɬɶɦɢɞɥɹɢɝɪɵ
ǼȝȎȟțȜȟȠȪȝȜȞȎȔȓțȖȭȫșȓȘȠȞȖȥȓȟȠȐȜȚ
ɍɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɦɪɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɨɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹɥɢɰɚɦɫɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɦɢɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢ-
ɦɢɢɭɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟɧɟɭɦɟɸɳɢɦɢɢɥɢ ɧɟ ɩɪɨɛɨ-
ɜɚɜɲɢɦɢɨɛɪɚɳɚɬɶɫɹɫɬɚɤɢɦɢɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɦɢɬɨɥɶɤɨɩɨɞɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨɦɢɩɨɞ
ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟɦɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɳɟɝɨɡɚ ɧɢɯɥɢɰɚɢ ɩɨɫɥɟɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɯ ɫɩɪɚ-
ɜɢɥɚɦɢɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɢɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɢɯɨɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɯɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɹɯɨɬ
ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɣɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ
ɉɪɟɠɞɟɱɟɦɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɢɬɶɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɤɫɟɬɢɩɢɬɚɧɢɹɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɱɬɨɛɵɧɚɩɪɹ-
ɠɟɧɢɟɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɟ ɧɚ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ ɜ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɨ
ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɸɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɨɣɫɟɬɢ
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɭɞɥɢɧɢɬɟɥɟɣɧɟɨɞɨɛɪɟɧɧɵɯɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟ-
ɥɟɦɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚɦɨɠɟɬɩɨɜɥɟɱɶɡɚɫɨɛɨɣɭɛɵɬɤɢɢɧɟɫɱɚɫɬɧɵɟɫɥɭɱɚɢ
ɉɪɟɠɞɟɱɟɦɩɪɢɫɬɭɩɢɬɶɤɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɟɧɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹɛɚɤɚɜɨɞɨɣɨɬɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟ
ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɨɬɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ
ȿɫɥɢɩɢɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣɩɪɨɜɨɞɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɬɨɨɧɞɨɥɠɟɧɛɵɬɶɡɚɦɟɧɟɧɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɢ-
ɬɟɥɟɦɢɥɢɜɟɝɨɰɟɧɬɪɟɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹɢɥɢɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɨɦɫɩɨɞɨɛɧɨɣɤɜɚɥɢɮɢ-
ɤɚɰɢɟɣɱɬɨɛɵɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɞɢɬɶɪɢɫɤ
ɑɚɫɬɢɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɟɫɹɩɨɞɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɦɧɟɞɨɥɠɧɵɢɦɟɬɶɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɫɜɨɞɨɣ
ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɡɚɦɵɤɚɧɢɟ
Ⱦɨɫɬɚɬɶɲɬɟɩɫɟɥɶɢɡɪɨɡɟɬɤɢɩɟɪɟɞɤɚɠɞɵɦɜɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦɞɥɹɨɱɢɫɬɤɢ
ɢɥɢɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɪɟɦɨɧɬɚ
ɉɟɪɟɞɬɟɦɤɚɤɩɟɪɟɞɜɢɧɭɬɶɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɶɟɝɨɨɬɫɟɬɢɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ
ɢɜɵɥɢɬɶɜɨɞɭɢɡɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪɚɞɥɹɷɬɨɣɰɟɥɢɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɪɭɱɤɭɫɩɨɦɨ-
ɳɶɸɤɨɬɨɪɨɣɧɚɤɥɨɧɢɬɶɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɡɚɬɟɦɜɵɥɢɬɶɜɨɞɭɱɟɪɟɡɜɵɩɭɫɤɧɨɟɨɬ-
ɜɟɪɫɬɢɟɉɪɢɷɬɨɦɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɥɟɞɢɬɶɡɚɬɟɦɱɬɨɛɵɜɨɞɚɧɟɩɨɩɚɥɚɧɚ
79
RU
ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɢɢɧɚɞɪɭɝɢɟɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɞɟɬɚɥɢɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ
ɇɟɨɩɭɫɤɚɬɶɩɪɢɛɨɪɜɜɨɞɭɢɜɞɪɭɝɢɟɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ
ǼȝȎȟțȜȟȠȪȐȩȕȩȐȎȓȚȎȭȒȞȡȑȖȚȖȝȞȖȥȖțȎȚȖ
ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ ɯɨɪɨɲɨ ɨɫɜɟɳɺɧɧɨɟ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɱɢɫɬɨɟ ɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ
ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɨɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɪɨɡɟɬɤɨɣɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɣɜɭɞɨɛɧɨɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɦɦɟ-
ɫɬɟ
ɇɟɧɚɥɢɜɚɬɶɛɨɥɶɲɨɟɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɜɨɞɵɜɛɚɤ
ȿɫɥɢɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɨɩɚɞɟɧɢɟɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɬɨɨɧɧɟɩɨɞɥɟɠɢɬɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɣɷɤɫɩɥɭ-
ɚɬɚɰɢɢɩɪɢɧɚɥɢɱɢɢɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɨɜɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣɢɥɢɭɬɟɱɤɢɜɨɞɵɁɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬ-
ɫɹɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɩɪɢɛɨɪɟɫɥɢɲɧɭɪɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹɜɢɥɤɚɢɥɢɫɚɦɩɪɢɛɨɪ
ɢɦɟɸɬɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɅɸɛɵɟɜɢɞɵɪɟɦɨɧɬɚɜɤɥɸɱɚɹɡɚɦɟɧɭɲɧɭɪɚɷɥɟɤɬɪɨ-
ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹɞɨɥɠɧɵɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɹɬɨɥɶɤɨɜɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɵɯɰɟɧɬɪɚɯȺɪɢɷɬɟɢɥɢ
ɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɨɦ$ULHWHɜɨɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟɤɚɤɢɯɥɢɛɨɪɢɫɤɨɜ
ǽȞȓȒȡȝȞȓȔȒȓțȖȭȜȏȜȝȎȟțȜȟȠȖȜȔȜȑȜȐ
ɇɢɤɨɝɞɚɧɟɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɣɬɟɫɬɪɭɸɩɚɪɚɢɥɢɬɟɩɥɨɣɜɨɞɵɜɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢɱɚɫɬɟɣ
ɬɟɥɚ ɨɛɪɚɳɚɣɬɟɫɶ ɜɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫ ɬɪɭɛɨɣ ɬɟɩɥɨɣ ɜɨɞɵɩɚɪɚ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ
ɨɠɨɝɨɜ
ɇɟ ɞɨɬɪɚɝɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɤ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɦ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɱɚɫɬɹɦ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ  ɤɨɝɞɚ ɨɧ
ɜɤɥɸɱɺɧɬɤɦɨɠɟɬɩɨɜɥɟɱɶɡɚɫɨɛɨɣɨɠɨɝɢ
Ɉɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɜɵɯɨɞɚ ɜɨɞɵ ɢɡ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟɦ
ɡɚɫɨɪɟɧɢɹɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɉɪɟɤɪɚɬɢɬɶɩɨɞɚɱɭɢɩɨɞɨɠɞɚɬɶɨɤɨɥɨɞɟɫɹɬɢɫɟɤɭɧɞ
Ɂɚɬɟɦɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨɫɧɹɬɶ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶ ɬɚɤɤɚɤɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ
ɦɨɠɟɬɛɵɬɶɩɪɢɱɢɧɨɣɛɪɵɡɝɉɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨɩɪɨ-
ɰɟɞɭɪɟɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɨɣɜɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɦɩɚɪɚɝɪɚɮɟ
ǽȞȓȒȡȝȞȓȔȒȓțȖȓ²ȚȎȠȓȞȖȎșȪțȩȗȡȧȓȞȏ
Ɋɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɶɦɚɲɢɧɭɧɚɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɣɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɵɣɭɪɨɜɟɧɶɝɞɟɨɧɚɧɟɦɨ-
ɠɟɬɩɟɪɟɜɟɪɧɭɬɶɫɹ
ɇɟɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɭɛɟɡɜɨɞɵɜɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɨɦɫɥɭɱɚɟɫɝɨɪɢɬɧɚɫɨɫ
ɇɟɡɚɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɛɚɤɝɨɪɹɱɟɣɜɨɞɨɣɢɥɢɤɢɩɹɬɤɨɦ
ɇɟɪɚɡɦɟɳɚɬɶɦɚɲɢɧɭɧɚɝɨɪɹɱɢɟɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢɢɪɹɞɨɦɫɨɝɧɺɦɞɥɹɢɡɛɟɠɚ-
ɧɢɟɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣɤɨɪɩɭɫɚ
ɉɢɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɟɞɨɥɠɟɧɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɝɨɪɹɱɢɦɢɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ
ɦɚɲɢɧɵ
ɇɟɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɬɶɝɚɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɭɸɜɨɞɭɪɚɡɛɚɜɥɟɧɧɭɸɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɵɦɝɚɡɨɦ
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɬɨɥɶɤɨɦɨɥɨɬɵɣɤɨɮɟɢɥɢɤɚɩɫɭɥɵɫɨɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɨɣɦɚɪɤɢɪɨɜ-
ɤɨɣ(6(
ɇɢɤɨɝɞɚɧɟɧɚɩɨɥɧɹɣɬɟɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɧɢɱɟɦɤɪɨɦɟɤɨɮɟɗɬɨɦɨɠɟɬ
ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢɤɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɵɦɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɦɤɨɮɟɜɚɪɤɢ
Ɍɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɦɟɫɬɚ ɝɞɟ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɦɚɲɢɧɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ
80
RU
ɛɵɬɶɧɟɧɢɠɟ&ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭɨɫɬɚɬɨɤɜɨɞɵɜɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɦɤɨɬɥɟɦɨɠɟɬ
ɡɚɦɟɪɡɧɭɬɶɬɟɦɫɚɦɵɦɩɪɨɜɨɰɢɪɭɹɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ
ɉɪɢɦɟɧɹɬɶɦɚɲɢɧɭɬɨɥɶɤɨɜɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹɯ
ɇɟ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɝɚɬɶɩɪɢɛɨɪɜɥɢɹɧɢɸɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɧɵɯ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɣɞɨɠɞɶɫɨɥɧɰɟ ɢ
ɬɞ
ɉɨɫɥɟɜɵɟɦɤɢɲɬɟɩɫɟɥɹɢɡɪɨɡɟɬɤɢɢɩɨɫɥɟɬɨɝɨɤɚɤɝɨɪɹɱɢɟɭɱɚɫɬɤɢɨɫɬɵ-
ɧɭɬɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɧɭɠɧɨɩɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɧɟɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɨɣɫɥɟɝɤɚɫɦɨ-
ɱɟɧɧɨɣɬɤɚɧɶɸɞɨɛɚɜɥɹɹɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨɤɚɩɟɥɶɦɹɝɤɨɝɨɧɟɣɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɦɨɸɳɟɝɨ
ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɧɢɤɨɝɞɚɧɟɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɬɟɥɢɨɧɢɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɚɸɬɨɤɪɚɫɤɭ
 Ⱦɥɹɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɣɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɜɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫȿɜɪɨɩɟɣ-
ɫɤɨɣȾɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɨɣȿɋɜɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɶɬɟɫɶɫɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭ-
ɸɳɢɦɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɦɥɢɫɬɤɨɦɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɦɤɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɭ
ǿǼȃǾǮǻǶȀȊǻǮǿȀǼȍȇdzdzǾȁǸǼǰǼDzǿȀǰǼǽǼȋǸǿ-
ǽǹȁǮȀǮȄǶǶ
ǼǽǶǿǮǻǶdzǽǾǶǯǼǾǮ
$  ɉɨɞɞɨɧ
% Ɋɟɲɟɬɤɚɩɨɞɫɬɚɜɤɢɞɥɹɱɚɲɟɤ
&Ⱦɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ
'ɇɨɫɢɤɩɨɞɚɱɢɤɨɮɟ
( ɋɢɥɢɤɨɧɨɜɵɣɞɢɫɤ7KHUPRFUHDP
)  Ɏɢɥɶɬɪɞɥɹɱɚɲɟɤɱɚɥɞ
*Ɏɢɥɶɬɪɞɥɹɱɚɲɤɢɱɚɥɞɵ
+ȼɨɞɹɧɨɣɛɚɤ
, Ʉɨɪɩɭɫɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ
-  Ʉɪɵɲɤɚɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪɚ
. Ɇɟɪɧɵɣɫɬɚɤɚɧɱɢɤɩɟɫɬɢɤɞɥɹɤɨɮɟ
/ ɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɲɧɭɪɜɢɥɤɚ
0ɍɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ©0D[L&DSSXFFLQRªɢɬɪɭɛɤɚɩɨɞɚ-
ɱɢɜɨɞɵɢɩɚɪɚ
1Ʉɧɨɩɤɚɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɩɚɪɚ
2ɂɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵɤɨɬɥɚ
3 Ʉɧɨɩɤɚɩɨɞɚɱɢɤɨɮɟ
4ɂɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɩɨɞɚɱɢɤɨɮɟ
5Ʉɧɨɩɤɚɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ
6 ɂɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ
7  Ɋɭɤɨɹɬɤɚɩɨɞɚɱɢɩɚɪɚ
ǶȒȓțȠȖȢȖȘȎȤȖȜțțȩȓȒȎțțȩȓ
ɇɚɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟɫɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢɞɚɧɧɵɦɢɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɟɣɫɹɩɨɞɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɱɧɨɣɨɫɧɨɜɨɣɦɚɲɢɧɵɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ
ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟɞɚɧɧɵɟ
ɋɨɡɞɚɬɟɥɶɢɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɋȿ
Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ0RG
Qɦɚɬɪɢɰɵ61
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɟɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɜɩɢɬɚɧɢɢ9ɢɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ+]
ɩɨɝɥɨɳɚɟɦɚɹɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ:
ɡɟɥɟɧɵɣɬɟɥɟɮɨɧɧɵɣɧɨɦɟɪɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ
ɉɪɢɡɚɩɪɨɫɟɜȺɜɬɨɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɟɐɟɧɬɪɵȺɫɫɢɫɬɟɧɰɢɢɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɬɶɦɨɞɟɥɶɢɧɨɦɟɪɦɚɬɪɢɰɵ
ǽǼDzDZǼȀǼǰǶȀdzǹȊǻȉdzȂǮǵȉǽdzǾdzDzǶǿǽǼǹȊǵǼǰǮǻǶdzǺ
ǽȞȜȒȑȜȠȜȐȘȎȘȝȞȖȚȓțȓțȖȬ
ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶɱɬɨɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɞɨɦɚɲɧɟɣɫɟɬɢɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɸɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɦɭɧɚɳɢɬɤɟɫɧɨɦɢ-
ɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢɞɚɧɧɵɦɢɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶɩɪɢɛɨɪɧɚɪɨɜɧɭɸɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ
Ɉɬɤɪɵɬɶɤɪɵɲɤɭɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪɚ-ɇɚɩɨɥɧɢɬɶɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪɞɨɨɬɦɟɬɤɢ0$;Ɋɢɫ
Ƚɧɩɧɠɨɭɢɛɪɩɦɨɠɨɣɺɫɠɢɠɫɝɮɛɫɛɬɦɠɟɣɭɷɢɛɭɠɧɲɭɩɜɶɝɩɟɛɨɠɪɩɪɛɦɛɨɛɪɠɫɠɥɦɹɲɛɭɠɦɣɣɨɛɟɫɮɞɣɠ
ɸɦɠɥɭɫɣɲɠɬɥɣɠɟɠɭɛɦɣɪɫɣɜɩɫɛ
81
RU
ȼɜɟɞɢɬɟɲɬɟɩɫɟɥɶɧɭɸɜɢɥɤɭɜɪɨɡɟɬɤɭɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɬɨɤɚɤɨɬɨɪɚɹɞɨɥɠɧɚɛɵɬɶɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɚɡɚ-
ɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɟɦ
ǽȓȞȐȜȓȐȘșȬȥȓțȖȓ
ɉɨɫɥɟɬɨɝɨɤɚɤɜɵɧɚɩɨɥɧɢɥɢɛɚɤɧɚɬɭɪɚɥɶɧɨɣɢɫɜɟɠɟɣɜɨɞɨɣɜɤɥɸɱɢɬɶɦɚɲɢɧɭɧɚɠɢɦɚɹɧɚɤɧɨɩɤɭ
5ȼɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɫɜɟɬɨɜɨɝɨɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɚ6ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɧɚɬɨɱɬɨɩɪɢɛɨɪɧɚɱɚɥɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɬɶȾɨ-
ɠɞɚɬɶɫɹɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɚ2ɇɚɠɚɬɶɢɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶɤɧɨɩɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɢɤɨɮɟ3ɞɨɜɵɯɨɞɚɜɨɞɵɢɡ
ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹɊɢɫ
ɊɩɟɛɝɛɤɭɠɝɩɟɮɲɠɫɠɢɞɨɠɢɟɩɟɠɫɡɛɭɠɦɺɯɣɦɷɭɫɛɝɭɠɲɠɨɣɠɟɝɮɰɧɣɨɮɭɈɛɡɧɣɭɠɨɛɝɥɦɹɲɛɭɠɦɷɪɩɟɛɲɣ
ɥɩɯɠ3ɟɦɺɪɫɠɥɫɛɴɠɨɣɺɠɞɩɪɩɟɛɲɣɊɩɬɭɛɝɷɭɠɪɫɣɜɩɫɨɛɪɛɮɢɮɨɛɩɟɨɮɧɣɨɮɭɮɊɫɩɪɮɬɭɣɭɠɲɠɫɠɢɪɫɣ-
ɜɩɫɰɩɭɺɜɶɩɟɣɨɜɛɥɝɩɟɶɟɦɺɩɲɣɬɭɥɣɝɨɮɭɫɠɨɨɠɞɩɥɩɨɭɮɫɛɥɩɭɦɛɍɴɛɭɠɦɷɨɩɬɩɜɦɹɟɛɤɭɠɝɫɠɧɺɪɩɟɛɲɣ
ɝɩɟɶɣɪɛɮɢɊɩɬɭɛɝɣɭɷɠɧɥɩɬɭɷɪɩɟɫɮɥɩɺɭɥɮ0D[L&DSSXFFLQR0ɣɬɦɠɞɥɛɪɩɝɠɫɨɮɭɷɫɮɥɩɺɭɥɮ7ɪɫɩɭɣɝ
ɲɛɬɩɝɩɤɬɭɫɠɦɥɣ
Ɂɚɬɟɦɩɨɜɟɪɧɭɬɶɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ7ɩɨɱɚɫɨɜɨɣɫɬɪɟɥɤɟɢɧɚɠɚɬɶɤɧɨɩɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɢɤɨɮɟ3ɱɬɨɛɵɩɪɟɤɪɚɬɢɬɶ
ɜɵɯɨɞɜɨɞɵȾɨɠɞɚɬɶɫɹɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɚ2ɉɪɢɛɨɪɝɨɬɨɜɞɥɹɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɤɨɮɟ
ǽǾǶDZǼȀǼǰǹdzǻǶdzǸǼȂdz
ȼɫɬɚɜɶɬɟɤɚɩɟɥɶɧɢɰɭ'ɫɢɥɢɤɨɧɨɜɵɣɞɢɫɤɫɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹɦɢ(ɢɮɢɥɶɬɪɧɚɱɚɲɤɢ)ɢɥɢɧɚɱɚɲɤɭ
*ɜɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ&Ɋɢɫɋɢɥɢɤɨɧɨɜɵɣɞɢɫɤɫɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹɦɢɦɨɠɧɨɜɫɬɚɜɢɬɶɜɤɚɩɟɥɶɧɢɰɭ
ɬɨɥɶɤɨɜɨɞɧɨɦɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢɈɬɦɟɪɢɬɶɤɨɮɟɞɥɹɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɢɧɟɦɧɨɝɨɩɪɟɞɚɜɢɬɶɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɦɧɚɞɚɜɢ-
ɬɟɥɟɦɞɥɹɞɜɭɯɤɨɮɟɧɚɩɨɥɧɢɬɶɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸɞɜɚɦɟɪɧɵɯɫɬɚɤɚɧɱɢɤɚɤɨɝɞɚɞɥɹɨɞɧɨɝɨɤɨɮɟɧɚɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ
ɬɨɥɶɤɨɨɞɢɧȼɫɬɚɜɢɬɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɫɜɨɟɦɟɫɬɨ
ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓ
ɏɨɪɨɲɨɡɚɠɢɦɚɹɩɪɢɷɬɨɦɜɪɚɳɚɹɟɝɨɫɥɟɜɚɧɚɩɪɚɜɚɭɛɟɞɢɬɶɫɹɜɬɨɦɱɬɨɨɧɯɨɪɨɲɨɩɪɢ-
ɤɪɟɩɥɺɧɤɮɥɚɧɰɭɊɢɫ
ȿɫɥɢɜɵɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɛɨɥɶɲɨɟɤɨɥɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɦɨɥɨɬɨɝɨɤɨɮɟɜɨɜɧɭɬɪɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɟɮɢɥɶɬɪɨ-
ɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹɦɨɠɟɬɡɚɬɪɭɞɧɢɬɶɫɹɢɢɥɢɜɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟɩɨɞɚɱɢɤɨɮɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɚɭɬɟɱɤɚɜɨɞɵɢɡɮɢɥɶ-
ɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹ
ɉɪɨɜɟɪɢɬɶɧɟɧɚɠɚɬɚɥɢɫɥɭɱɚɣɧɨɤɧɨɩɤɚɩɨɞɚɱɢɩɚɪɚ1
Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɞɭɟɬɶɫɹɨɫɬɚɜɢɬɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɫɜɨɺɦɦɟɫɬɟɧɚɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨɦɢɧɭɬɩɟɪɟɞɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟ-
ɧɢɟɦɤɨɮɟɬɚɤɢɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦɱɬɨɛɵɨɧɛɵɥɝɨɪɹɱɢɦɗɬɨɧɟɧɚɞɨɛɭɞɟɬɩɪɨɞɟɥɵɜɚɬɶɞɥɹɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟ-
ɧɢɹɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɝɨɤɨɮɟȾɥɹɧɚɱɚɥɚɩɨɞɚɱɢɤɨɮɟɧɚɠɚɬɶɤɧɨɩɤɭ3ɧɚɱɧɟɬɫɹɜɵɯɨɞɤɨɮɟɢɡɮɨɪɫɭɧɨɤ
ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹȾɥɹɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢɩɨɞɚɱɢɤɨɮɟɜɧɨɜɶɧɚɠɚɬɶɤɧɨɩɤɭ3Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹɞɨɡɚɧɚɨɞɧɭ
ɱɚɲɤɭɤɨɮɟɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɦɥ
ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓ
Ɍɚɤɠɟɤɚɤɢɩɪɢɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢɩɪɨɮɟɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯɤɨɮɟɜɚɪɨɤɧɟɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɫɧɢɦɚɬɶɮɢɥɶ-
ɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɩɪɢɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɨɣɤɧɨɩɤɟɩɨɞɚɱɢɤɨɮɟ3ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶɨɠɨɝɨɜ
ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓ
ɉɨɞɨɠɞɚɬɶɨɤɨɥɨɞɟɫɹɬɢɫɟɤɭɧɞɩɟɪɟɞɬɟɦɤɚɤɫɧɹɬɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɩɨɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɢɩɨɞɚɱɢ
ɤɨɮɟɞɥɹɬɨɝɨɱɬɨɛɵɫɧɹɬɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɨɩɨɜɟɪɧɭɬɶɟɝɨɫɩɪɚɜɚɧɚɥɟɜɨɜɨɢɡ-
ɛɟɠɚɧɢɟɛɪɵɡɝɨɜɜɨɞɵɢɥɢɤɨɮɟ
ɄɨɝɞɚɦɚɲɢɧɚɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɚɜVWDQGE\ɫɜɟɬɨɜɨɣɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ2ɛɭɞɟɬɩɟɪɟɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɜɤɥɸɱɚɬɶɫɹɢɜɵ-
ɤɥɸɱɚɬɶɫɹɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɹɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɬɟɪɦɨɫɬɚɬɚɤɨɬɥɚɞɥɹɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ
ɜɨɞɵ
ɬɲɣɭɛɠɭɷɬɺɝɪɩɦɨɠɨɩɫɧɛɦɷɨɶɧɺɝɦɠɨɣɠɥɩɞɟɛɝɪɫɩɱɠɬɬɠɨɛɞɫɠɝɛɩɜɨɛɫɮɡɣɝɛɹɭɷɬɺɧɛɦɠɨɷɥɣɠɝɶɜɫɩɬɶ
ɪɛɫɛɣɢɯɣɦɷɭɫɩɟɠɫɡɛɭɠɦɺ
Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɤɚɤɞɥɹɩɟɪɜɨɝɨɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɤɨɮɟɬɚɤɢɜɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɦɧɚɱɢɧɚɬɶɩɨɞɚɱɭɤɨɮɟɬɨɥɶ-
ɤɨɩɨɫɥɟɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɚ2
ǻȎȝȜșțȓțȖȓȏȎȘȎȐȜȒȜȗȐȝȞȜȤȓȟȟȓȝȞȖȚȓțȓțȖȭ
ɇɟɧɭɠɧɨɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶɧɢɤɚɤɢɯɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣɤɨɝɞɚɤɨɧɱɢɬɫɹɜɨɞɚɜɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪɟɩɨɫɤɨɥɶ-
82
RU
ɤɭɩɪɢɛɨɪɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɦɤɥɚɩɚɧɨɦɫɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɡɚɦɟɞɥɟɧɢɟɦȾɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɩɪɨɫɬɨɩɨɫɥɟ
ɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹɜɧɨɜɶɧɚɩɨɥɧɢɬɶɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪɫɜɟɠɟɣɯɨɥɨɞɧɨɣɜɨɞɨɣɞɨɨɬɦɟɬɤɢ0$;ɇɟ-
ɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɥɟɞɢɬɶɡɚɬɟɦɱɬɨɛɵɜɨɞɚɧɟɩɨɩɚɥɚɧɚɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɢɢɧɚɞɪɭɝɢɟɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɞɟɬɚɥɢ
ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ
ȂȡțȘȤȖȭȎȐȠȜȚȎȠȖȥȓȟȘȜȑȜȜȠȘșȬȥȓțȖȭ02'$
ȿɫɥɢɩɪɢɛɨɪɛɵɥɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɨɧɟɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɜɬɟɱɟɧɢɟɦɢɧɭɬɬɨɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɟɬɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɚɜɬɨ-
ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɗɬɚɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɩɟɪɟɜɨɞɢɬɩɪɢɛɨɪɜɪɟɠɢɦVWDQGE\ɋɜɟɬɨɜɨɣɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ6ɧɟ
ɝɨɪɢɬȾɥɹɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɨɝɨɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɟɳɟɪɚɡɧɚɠɚɬɶɧɚɤɧɨɩɤɭɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ5
ǸȎȘȑȜȠȜȐȖȠȪȘȜȢȓȖȟȝȜșȪȕȡȭȘȜȢȓȐȥȎșȒȎȣ
Ⱦɥɹɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɤɨɮɟɫɱɚɥɞɚɦɢɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɢɦɟɸɳɢɣɫɹɜɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɟɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ
ɮɢɥɶɬɪɞɥɹɱɚɲɤɢɱɚɥɞɵɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ
ȼɫɬɚɜɢɬɶɱɚɥɞɭɜɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɊɢɫ
ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟɧɚɱɚɥɞɭɩɚɥɶɰɟɦɜɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢɜɧɭɬɪɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɑɚɥɞɚɞɨɥɠɧɚɛɵɬɶɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɚɜɰɟɧ-
ɬɪɟɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹ
ɁɚɬɟɦɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɜɫɜɨɟɝɧɟɡɞɨɁɚɜɢɧɬɢɬɟɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɫɥɟɞɹɡɚɬɟɦ
ɱɬɨɛɵɨɧɛɵɥɯɨɪɨɲɨɡɚɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɮɥɚɧɰɟɊɢɫ
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɮɟ ɩɪɢ ɫɴɟɦɟ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹ ɱɚɥɞɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɡɚɰɟɩɢɬɶɫɹ ɡɚ ɜɟɪɯɧɸɸ
ɱɚɫɬɶɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɑɬɨɛɵɫɧɹɬɶɟɟɧɚɤɥɨɧɢɬɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɊɢɫɱɬɨɛɵɱɚɥɞɚɫɚɦɚɜɵɩɚɥɚɢɡ
ɧɟɝɨ
ɑɬɨɛɵɜɫɟɝɞɚɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɶɨɱɟɧɶɜɤɭɫɧɵɣɤɨɮɟɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɶɱɚɥɞɵɫɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɢ
(6(
ɀɬɦɣɲɛɦɟɛ ɨɠɝɬɭɛɝɦɠɨɛɥɛɥɬɦɠɟɮɠɭɣɦɣ ɯɣɦɷɭɫɩɟɠɫɡɛɭɠɦɷɨɠɟɩɬɭɛɭɩɲɨɩ ɰɩɫɩɳɩɢɛɥɫɠɪɦɠɨ ɝɬɝɩɠɧ
ɞɨɠɢɟɠɝɩɢɧɩɡɠɨɝɶɰɩɟɨɠɬɥɩɦɷɥɣɰɥɛɪɠɦɷɝɩɟɶɣɢɯɣɦɷɭɫɩɟɠɫɡɛɭɠɦɺ
ǽǾǶDZǼȀǼǰǹdzǻǶdzǸǮǽȁȅȅǶǻǼ
Ⱦɥɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɩɭɱɱɢɧɨ ɝɨɪɹɱɟɝɨ ɲɨɤɨɥɚɞɚ ɢɥɢ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɧɢɹ ɥɸɛɨɝɨ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɢɬɤɚ ɧɚɠɚɬɶ
ɤɧɨɩɤɭ1Ɉɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɚ2ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬɱɬɨɤɨɮɟɜɚɪɤɚɞɨɫɬɢɝɥɚɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɣ
ɞɥɹɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɤɢɩɚɪɚ
ɬɲɣɭɛɠɭɷɬɺɝɪɩɦɨɠɨɩɫɧɛɦɷɨɶɧɺɝɦɠɨɣɠɥɩɞɟɛɝɪɫɩɱɠɬɬɠɨɛɞɫɠɝɛɩɜɨɛɫɮɡɣɝɛɹɭɷɬɺɧɛɦɠɨɷɥɣɠɝɶɜɫɩɬɶ
ɪɛɫɛɣɢɯɣɦɷɭɫɩɟɠɫɡɛɭɠɦɺ
ȼɷɬɨɦɫɥɭɱɚɟɩɨɜɟɪɧɭɬɶɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɢɩɚɪɚ7ɩɪɨɬɢɜɱɚɫɨɜɨɣɫɬɪɟɥɤɢɩɨɞɫɬɚɜɢɜɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ
ɺɦɤɨɫɬɶɩɨɞɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ0D[L&DSSXFFLQR0Ɋɢɫɩɨɧɚɱɚɥɭɜɵɣɞɟɬɧɟɦɧɨɝɨɜɨɞɵɚɫɪɚɡɭɠɟɩɨɫɥɟ
±ɫɢɥɶɧɚɹɫɬɪɭɹɩɚɪɚ
ɈɩɭɫɬɢɬɶɧɚɤɨɧɟɱɧɢɤɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɢɜɺɦɤɨɫɬɶɫɦɨɥɨɤɨɦɊɢɫɢɫɧɨɜɚɩɨɜɟɪɧɭɬɶɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ7ɩɨɤɚɜɵɧɟ
ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɟɧɭɠɧɵɣɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬȼɨɜɪɟɦɹɞɚɧɧɵɯɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣɦɨɠɧɨɡɚɦɟɬɢɬɶɱɬɨɫɜɟɬɨɜɨɣɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ2
ɩɟɪɢɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹɢɫɧɨɜɚɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɹɪɚɛɨɬɭɬɟɪɦɨɫɬɚɬɚɤɨɬɨɪɵɣɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɟɬ
ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɭɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɭɸɞɥɹɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɩɚɪɚ
ɋɠɥɩɧɠɨɟɮɠɭɬɺɨɛɲɣɨɛɭɷɪɩɟɛɲɮɪɛɫɛɭɩɦɷɥɩɪɩɬɦɠɭɩɞɩɥɛɥɝɶɥɦɹɲɣɭɬɺɸɭɩɭɣɨɟɣɥɛɭɩɫɊɩɬɦɠɥɛɡɟɩɞɩ
ɪɫɣɧɠɨɠɨɣɺɪɫɩɟɩɦɡɛɭɷɨɛɨɠɬɥɩɦɷɥɩɬɠɥɮɨɟɝɶɜɫɩɬɪɛɫɛɟɦɺɩɬɝɩɜɩɡɟɠɨɣɺɩɭɝɠɫɬɭɣɤɩɭɝɩɢɧɩɡɨɶɰ
ɩɬɭɛɭɥɩɝɧɩɦɩɥɛ
ɉɨɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɢɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɤɚɩɭɱɱɢɧɨɧɚɠɚɬɶɤɧɨɩɤɭ1ɞɥɹɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɮɭɧɤɰɢɢɩɚɪɚ
ǽǼǰȀǼǾǻǼdzǶǿǽǼǹȊǵǼǰǮǻǶdzDzǹȍǽǾǶDZǼȀǼǰǹdzǻǶȍǸǼȂdz
Ⱦɥɹɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɤɨɮɟɩɨɫɥɟɤɚɩɩɭɱɱɢɧɨɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɞɨɜɟɫɬɢɞɨɧɭɠɧɨɣɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵɤɨɬɺɥɩɪɨ-
ɜɨɞɹɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟɨɩɟɪɚɰɞɥɹɭɫɤɨɪɟɧɢɹɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɨɯɥɚɠɞɟɧɢɹɤɨɬɥɚɩɨɦɟɫɬɢɬɶɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪɩɪɹɦɨɩɨɞ
ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɦɞɥɹɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɤɚɩɭɱɱɢɧɨɧɚɠɚɬɶɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ3ɢɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɶɨɬ-
ɤɪɵɬɵɦɤɪɚɧɱɢɤ7Ⱦɚɬɶɜɨɞɟɫɬɟɤɚɬɶɢɡɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɞɥɹɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɤɚɩɭɱɱɢɧɨȼɧɨɜɶ
ɡɚɤɪɵɬɶɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ7ɢɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɶɤɧɨɩɤɭ3ɉɨɞɨɠɞɚɬɶɩɨɤɚɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɫɹɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ2ɞɥɹɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜ-
ɥɟɧɢɹɧɨɜɨɝɨɤɨɮɟ
83
RU
ǸǮǸDzdzǹǮȀȊȅǮǷǶǹǶǻǮǿȀǼǷǸǶ
Ʉɨɝɞɚɩɪɢɛɨɪɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɜɩɨɡɢɰɢɢɝɨɬɨɜɧɨɫɬɢɤɨɮɟɬɟɫɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɵɦɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɨɦ2ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ
ɱɚɳɤɭɩɨɞɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɭ0 ɢ ɧɚɠɚɬɶɤɧɨɩɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɢɤɨɮɟ3 ɋɪɚɡɭɠɟɩɨɫɥɟɷɬɨɝɨɨɬɤɪɵɬɶɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ
ɩɨɞɚɱɢɩɚɪɚ7ɬɚɤɢɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦɢɡɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɢɜɵɣɞɟɬɝɨɪɹɱɚɹɜɨɞɚɆɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹɞɨɡɚɧɚɞɜɟɱɚɲɤɢ
ɪɚɜɧɚɦɥ
ǽǼǹdzǵǻȉdzǿǼǰdzȀȉDzǹȍǽǾǶDZǼȀǼǰǹdzǻǶȍȃǼǾǼȆdzDZǼǸǼȂdz
©ȋǿǽǾdzǿǿǼªǽǼǶȀǮǹȊȍǻǿǸǶ
ȿɫɥɢɩɪɢɛɨɪɧɟɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹɬɨɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɨɬɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɶɟɝɨɨɬɫɟɬɢɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹȼɵɥɢɬɶɜɨɞɭɢɡ
ɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪɚɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɭɸɪɭɱɤɭɞɥɹɬɨɝɨɱɬɨɛɵɧɚɤɥɨɧɢɬɶɩɪɢɛɨɪɢɜɵɥɢɬɶɜɨɞɭɱɟɪɟɡ
ɜɵɩɭɫɤɧɨɟɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟɉɪɢɷɬɨɦɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɥɟɞɢɬɶɡɚɬɟɦɱɬɨɛɵɜɨɞɚɧɟɩɨɩɚɥɚɧɚɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɢɢ
ɧɚɞɪɭɝɢɟɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɞɟɬɚɥɢɩɪɢɛɨɪɚȼɵɥɢɬɶɜɨɞɭɢɡɩɨɞɞɨɧɚɢɩɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶɟɝɨɫɦɪɚɡɞɟɥ³ɑɢɫɬɤɚ
ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ´
ǼȅǶǿȀǸǮǮǽǽǮǾǮȀǮ
ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓ
ȼɫɟɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢɩɨɨɱɢɫɬɤɟɞɨɥɠɧɵɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɹɩɪɢɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɨɣɦɚɲɢɧɟɢɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɲɬɟɩ-
ɫɟɥɶɞɨɥɠɟɧɛɵɬɶɜɵɬɚɳɟɧɢɡɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ
ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓ
Ɋɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɨɟ ɬɟɯɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɚ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɸɬ ɢ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɸɬ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ ɧɚ
ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣɩɟɪɢɨɞɇɟɦɵɬɶɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵɦɚɲɢɧɵɜɩɨɫɭɞɨɜɨɣɤɟɇɟɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɬɶɩɪɹɦɨɧɚɩɪɚɜ-
ɥɟɧɧɵɟɬɪɭɢɜɨɞɵ
ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓ
Ʌɸɛɨɟɜɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɞɨɥɠɧɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɹɩɪɢɨɫɬɵɜɲɟɣɦɚɲɢɧɟ
ȅȖȟȠȘȎȘȜȢȓȗțȩȣȢȖșȪȠȞȜȐ
ɍɛɟɞɢɬɶɫɹɱɬɨɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹɧɟɡɚɛɢɥɢɫɶɜɫɥɭɱɚɟɩɪɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶɩɪɢɩɨɦɨɳɢɳɺɬɨɱɤɢɊɢɫɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ
ɫɬɚɤɚɧɩɨɞɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɩɨɞɚɱɢɤɨɮɟɢɜɵɩɭɫɬɢɬɶɤɢɩɹɳɭɸɜɨɞɭɢɡɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹɫɨɜɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɦ
ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɦɛɟɡɫɦɟɫɢɞɥɹɬɨɝɨɱɬɨɛɵɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɬɶɢɥɢɭɞɚɥɢɬɶɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɟɨɫɬɚɬɤɢɤɨɮɟɢɥɢɞɪɭɝɢɯ
ɩɪɢɦɟɫɟɣ
ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓ
Ɉɫɬɪɨɠɧɨɫɧɹɬɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɬɚɤɤɚɤɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɟɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦɨɠɟɬɛɵɬɶɩɪɢɱɢɧɨɣɛɪɵɡɝ
Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɬɳɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹɱɢɫɬɤɚɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɜɤɚɠɞɵɟɬɪɢɦɟɫɹɰɚɫɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦɬɚɛɥɟɬɨɤɞɥɹɱɢɫɬ-
ɤɢ&2))((&/($1ɦɚɪɤɢ$ULHWHɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɦɨɠɧɨɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɫɬɢɜɬɨɪɝɨɜɵɯɬɨɱɤɚɯɢɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯɰɟɧɬɪɚɯ
ɬɟɯɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹɩɪɢɫɬɪɨɝɨɦɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɢɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣɧɚɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɟȼɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟɚɥɶɬɟɪɧɚɬɢɜɵɦɨɠɧɨ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɨɛɵɱɧɵɟɬɚɛɥɟɬɤɢɞɥɹɱɢɫɬɤɢɛɟɡɞɨɛɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɩɪɢɞɚɸɳɟɝɨɛɥɟɫɤɢɥɢɞɪɭɝɢɯ
ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɨɛɚɜɨɤ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɫɭɞɨɦɨɟɱɧɵɯ ɦɚɲɢɧ ɑɢɫɬɤɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ
ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ
ȼɫɬɚɜɢɬɶɬɚɛɥɟɬɤɭɩɨɪɨɲɤɚɜɮɢɥɶɬɪɩɨɫɭɞɨɦɨɸɳɟɣɦɚɲɢɧɵɛɟɡɤɨɮɟɤɨɝɞɚɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɯɨɪɨɲɨɧɚ-
ɝɪɟɬɯɨɬɹɛɵɩɨɫɥɟɦɢɧɭɬɧɚɝɪɟɜɚ
ɉɪɢɤɪɟɩɢɬɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɤɦɚɲɢɧɟɢɩɨɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɶɺɦɤɨɫɬɶɩɨɞɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶ
ɇɚɠɚɬɶɧɚɤɧɨɩɤɭɤɨɮɟɞɥɹɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɩɨɞɚɱɢɜɨɞɵɢɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɬɶɟɺɩɨɞɚɱɭɜɬɟɱɟɧɢɢɫɟɤɭɧɞ
ȼɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɶɩɨɞɚɱɭɜɨɞɵɫɨɜɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɦɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɦɜɦɚɲɢɧɭɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɹɩɪɢɷɬɨɦɬɚɛɥɟɬɤɭ
ɞɥɹɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɯɨɬɹɛɵɧɚɦɢɧɭɬ
ɉɨɜɬɨɪɢɬɶɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɸɩɨɞɚɱɢɜɨɞɵɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɜɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɧɚɫɨɫɨɤɨɥɨɫɟɤɭɧɞɨɬɤɥɸɱɚɹɟɝɨɧɚ
ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟɫɟɤɭɧɞɩɨɤɚɧɟɡɚɤɨɧɱɢɬɶɫɹɜɫɹɜɨɞɚɜɰɢɫɬɟɪɧɚɯ
ȼɵɧɭɬɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɢɡɦɚɲɢɧɵɢɯɨɪɨɲɨɩɪɨɦɵɬɶɟɝɨɢɡɩɨɞɤɪɚɧɚɫɬɪɭɺɣɜɨɞɵ
ȼɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɶɦɚɲɢɧɭɨɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɶɩɪɨɜɨɞɩɢɬɚɧɢɹɢɡɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɪɨɡɟɬɤɢɢɩɪɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶɩɪɢɩɨɦɨɳɢ
ɝɭɛɤɢɦɟɫɬɨɜɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɹɞɥɹɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹɤɚɤɢɯɥɢɛɨɨɫɬɚɬɤɨɜɩɨɪɨɲɤɚɧɚɞɭɲɟ
ȼɤɥɸɱɢɬɶɦɚɲɢɧɭɩɪɢɤɪɟɩɢɬɶɜɧɨɜɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɢɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɬɶɩɨɞɚɱɭɜɨɞɵɯɨɬɹɛɵɟɳɺ
84
RU
ɱɚɲɤɢɞɥɹɨɤɨɧɱɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣɩɪɨɦɵɜɤɢ
ɉɪɢɤɚɠɞɨɞɧɟɜɧɨɦɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɢɦɚɲɢɧɵɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɸɩɨɨɱɢɫɬɤɟɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶɤɚɠɞɵɟɬɪɢ
ɦɟɫɹɰɚ
ǼȥȖȟȠȘȎȟȖȠȎȖȕȟȖșȖȘȜțȎ
ɉɪɨɦɵɬɶɫɢɥɢɤɨɧɨɜɨɟɫɢɬɨ(ɩɨɞɬɟɤɭɳɟɣɜɨɞɨɣɥɟɝɤɨɧɚɝɢɛɚɹɩɨɛɨɤɚɦɱɬɨɛɵɨɫɜɨɛɨɞɢɬɶɰɟɧ-
ɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɟɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟɨɬɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɯɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣɤɨɮɟɣɧɨɣɩɵɥɢɤɨɬɨɪɚɹɦɨɝɥɚɟɝɨɡɚɛɢɬɶɊɢɫ
ǼȥȖȟȠȘȎȑțȓȕȒȎȒȓȞȔȎȠȓșȭȢȖșȪȠȞȜȐ
ȼɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɦɨɝɭɬɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹɡɚɬɜɟɪɞɟɜɲɢɟɤɨɮɟɣɧɵɟɨɫɚɞɤɢɜɦɟɫɬɟɩɪɢɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ
ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɭɞɚɥɹɸɬɶɫɹɩɪɢɩɨɦɨɳɢɡɭɛɨɱɢɫɬɨɤɊɢɫɝɭɩɤɢɢɥɢɩɪɢɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢ
ɜɵɯɨɞɚɜɨɞɵɛɟɡɜɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɝɨɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹɊɢɫ
ǼȥȖȟȠȘȎȝȞȖȏȜȞȎ0D[L&DSSXFFLQR
ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓ
Ⱦɚɧɧɭɸɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɸɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ ɩɪɢ ɨɯɥɚɠɞɟɧɧɨɣ ɯɪɨɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɬɪɭɛɟ ɜɨ ɢɡ-
ɛɟɠɚɧɢɟɨɠɨɝɨɜ
Ɉɬɜɟɧɬɢɬɟɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ0ɨɬɬɪɭɛɵɢɩɪɨɦɨɣɬɟɟɝɨɬɟɤɭɳɟɣɜɨɞɨɣȾɚɧɧɭɸɬɪɭɛɭɦɨɠɧɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶɩɪɢ
ɩɨɦɨɳɢɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɨɝɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɋɧɨɜɚɡɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɟɤɨɮɟɜɚɪɤɭɜɩɥɨɬɶɞɨɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹɩɪɨɛɟɝɚɉɪɢɧɟ-
ɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢȼɵɦɨɠɟɬɟɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɫɬɢɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɭɸɨɱɢɫɬɤɭɩɪɢɩɨɦɨɳɢɲɬɢɮɬɚɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹɜɵɯɨɞɚɩɚɪɚ
ɉɨɫɥɟɤɚɠɞɨɝɨɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɜɵɩɭɫɬɢɬɶɩɚɪɧɚɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨɫɟɤɭɧɞɞɥɹɨɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɟɧɢɹɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹɨɬɜɨɡ-
ɦɨɠɧɵɯɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ
ǼȥȖȧȓțȖȓȏȎȘȎ
Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɩɟɪɢɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɭɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɣɱɚɫɬɢɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪɚ ɩɪɢɩɨɦɨɳɢɝɭɛɤɢ
ɢɥɢɜɥɚɠɧɨɣɦɚɬɟɪɢɢ
ǼȥȖȟȠȘȎȞȓȦȮȠȘȖȖȘȎȝșȓțȎȘȜȝȖȠȓșȪțȜȗȐȎțțȜȥȘȖ
Ɋɩɧɨɣɭɷɩɪɠɫɠɩɟɣɲɠɥɩɤɨɠɩɜɰɩɟɣɧɩɬɭɣɩɪɮɬɭɩɳɠɨɣɺɥɛɪɦɠɨɛɥɩɪɣɭɠɦɷɨɩɤɝɛɨɨɩɲɥɣ$
ɋɧɹɬɶɪɟɲɟɬɤɭ%ɢɩɨɦɵɬɶɟɟɜɨɞɨɣɢɡɩɨɞɤɪɚɧɚȼɵɧɭɬɶɤɚɩɥɟɧɚɤɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸɜɚɧɧɨɱɤɭ$ɢɡɦɚ-
ɲɢɧɤɢɨɩɭɫɬɨɲɢɬɶɢɩɪɨɦɵɬɶɩɨɞɬɟɤɭɱɟɣɫɬɪɭɺɣɜɨɞɵ
ǼȥȖȟȠȘȎȘȜȞȝȡȟȎȚȎȦȖțȩ
ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓ
ɑɢɫɬɶɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɵɟɱɚɫɬɢɦɚɲɢɧɵɩɪɢɩɨɦɨɳɢɜɥɚɠɧɨɣɧɟɚɛɪɨɡɢɜɧɨɣɝɭɛɤɢɱɬɨɛɵɧɟɩɨ-
ɜɪɟɞɢɬɶɤɨɪɩɭɫ
DzdzǸǮǹȊȄǶȂǶȄǶǾǼǰǮǻǶdz
ɏɨɪɨɲɟɟɬɟɯɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟɢɪɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɚɹɨɱɢɫɬɤɚɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɸɬɢɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɸɬɦɚɲɢɧɭɧɚ
ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣɩɟɪɢɨɞɜɪɟɦɟɧɢɜɨɦɧɨɝɨɦɭɫɬɪɚɧɹɹɪɢɫɤɢɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɢɡɜɟɫɬɤɨɜɵɯɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣɜɚɩ-
ɩɚɪɚɬɟɑɟɪɟɡɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɵɣɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɤɜɪɟɦɟɧɢɪɚɛɨɬɚɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚɦɨɠɟɬɛɵɬɶɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɚɩɨɩɪɢɱɢɧɟ
ɱɚɫɬɨɝɨɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɠɺɫɬɤɨɣɢɫɢɥɶɧɨɢɡɜɹɬɤɨɜɨɣɜɨɞɵɞɥɹɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹɩɥɨɯɨɝɨɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟɞɟɤɚɥɶɰɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢȾɥɹɷɬɨɣɰɟɥɢɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɬɶɬɨɥɶɤɨɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɞɟɤɚɥɶɰɢɮɢɰɢɪɨ-
ɜɚɧɢɹȺɪɢɟɬɟɧɚɨɫɧɨɜɟɥɢɦɨɧɧɨɣɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ12&$/ɗɬɨɬɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɦɨɠɧɨɧɚɣɬɢɜɰɟɧɬɪɚɯɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨ-
ɝɨɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹȺɪɢɟɬɟ$ULHWHɧɟɛɟɪɟɬɧɚɫɟɛɹɧɢɤɚɤɨɣɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢɡɚɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɟɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ
ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɜɵɡɜɚɧɧɨɟɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɫɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟɦɜɧɢɯɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ
ɞɨɛɚɜɨɤȼɫɥɭɱɚɟɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹɞɟɤɚɥɶɰɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɢɬɶɫɹɫɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹɦɢɜ
ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢɫɚɦɨɝɨɞɟɤɚɥɶɰɢɮɢɰɢɤɚɬɨɪɚ
ǻdzǰǼǵǺǼǴǻǼdzǽǾǶǺdzǻdzǻǶdz
ȼɫɥɭɱɚɟɩɨɥɨɦɤɢɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɨɬɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɶɨɬɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɬɜɚɦɚɲɢɧɭɨɩɭɫɬɨɲɢɬɶɜɨɞɹɧɨɣɛɚɤɢɤɚ-
ɩɥɟɧɚɤɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸɜɚɧɧɨɱɤɭɢɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶɫɦɨɬɪɟɬɶɩɚɪɚɝɪɚɮ©Ɉɱɢɫɬɤɚɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚªȼɫɥɭɱɚɟɜɵɛɪɨɫɚ
ɞɟɬɚɥɟɣɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɩɪɨɜɟɫɬɢɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɯɩɪɢɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɦɚɲɢɧɵɦɚɬɟ-
85
RU
ɪɢɚɥɨɜɧɚɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢɢɯɫɨɫɬɚɜɚɢɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨɡɚɤɨɧɚɜɋɬɪɚɧɟɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ
ǾȁǸǼǰǼDzǿȀǰǼǽǼȁǿȀǾǮǻdzǻǶȌǻdzǸǼȀǼǾȉȃǽǾǼǯǹdzǺ
ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓ
ȼɫɥɭɱɚɟɧɟɩɪɚɜɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɶɫɪɚɡɭɦɚɲɢɧɭɢɜɵɬɚɳɢɬɶɲɬɟɩɫɟɥɶɢɡ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ
ɉɊɈȻɅȿɆɕ ɉɊɂɑɂɇɕ ɍɋɌɊȺɇȿɇɂȿ
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣɩɪɢɛɨɪɧɟ
ɩɨɞɚɟɬɤɢɩɹɳɭɸɜɨɞɭ
ɞɥɹɧɚɫɬɨɟɤ
ȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɜɫɯɟɦɭɩɨɩɚɥ
ɜɨɡɞɭɯɢɬɚɤɢɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ
ɪɚɡɪɹɞɢɥɧɚɫɨɫ
ɉɪɨɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɣɭɪɨɜɟɧɶɜɨɞɵ
ɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪɚɜɫɥɭɱɚɟɡɚɩɨɥɧɢɬɶɟɝɨɧɚɬɭɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ
ɢɫɜɟɠɟɣɜɨɞɨɣɉɨɜɬɨɪɢɬɶɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɟɜ
ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟ©ɉɟɪɟɞɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɢɟɦª
Ɉɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟɞɥɹɜɵɯɨɞɚɩɚɪɚɜ
ɧɚɤɨɧɟɱɧɢɤɟɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟɥɹ
ɡɚɫɨɪɟɧɨ
ɍɞɚɥɢɬɶɩɪɢɩɨɦɨɳɢɢɝɥɵɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɟɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ
ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɜɲɢɟɫɹɜɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɢɧɚɤɨɧɟɱɧɢɤɚ
ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟɥɹ
ȼɵɯɨɞɩɚɪɚɢɡ
ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹ
ɉɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬɩɨɞɚɱɚɤɨɮɟɩɪɢ
ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɨɣɮɭɧɤɰɢɢɩɚɪɚ
ɉɪɨɜɟɪɢɬɶɧɟɧɚɠɚɬɚɥɢ
ɫɥɭɱɚɣɧɨɤɧɨɩɤɚɩɨɞɚɱɢɩɚɪɚ
ɉɪɟɤɪɚɬɢɬɶɩɨɞɚɱɭɤɨɮɟɇɚɠɚɬɶɤɧɨɩɤɭ1
ɞɥɹɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɮɭɧɤɰɢɢɩɚɪɚɉɨɞɨɠɞɚɬɶɩɨɤɚ
ɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɫɹɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ2ɞɥɹɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɧɨɜɨɝɨ
ɤɨɮɟ
ɉɪɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶɩɪɢ
ɩɨɦɨɳɢɢɝɥɵ
ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɟ
ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ
ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɜɲɢɟɫɹɜ
ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɟɜɵɛɪɨɫɚ
ȼɧɟɦɦɚɥɨɜɨɞɵɢɧɚɫɨɫɧɟ
ɜɫɚɫɵɜɚɟɬ
ɉɪɨɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɣɭɪɨɜɟɧɶɜɨɞɵ
ɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪɚɜɫɥɭɱɚɟɡɚɩɨɥɧɢɬɶɟɝɨɧɚɬɭɪɚɥɶɧɨɣɢ
ɫɜɟɠɟɣɜɨɞɨɣ
Ɉɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟɞɥɹɜɵɯɨɞɚɩɚɪɚɜ
ɧɚɤɨɧɟɱɧɢɤɟɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟɥɹ
ɡɚɫɨɪɟɧɨ
ɍɞɚɥɢɬɶɩɪɢɩɨɦɨɳɢɢɝɥɵɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɟɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ
ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɜɲɢɟɫɹɜɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɢɧɚɤɨɧɟɱɧɢɤɚ
ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟɥɹ
ȼɵɬɟɤɚɧɢɟɤɨɮɟ
ɡɚɤɪɚɹɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹ
ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɜ
ȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɜɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɟ
ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɜɛɵɥɨɨɲɢɛɨɱɧɨ
ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɨɱɪɟɡɦɟɪɧɨɛɨɥɶɲɨɟ
ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɦɨɥɨɬɨɝɨɤɨɮɟ
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣɦɟɲɚɟɬɫɠɢɦɚɧɢɸ
ɜɧɢɡɭɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɜɜ
ɟɝɨɝɧɟɡɞɟ
Ɉɫɬɪɨɠɧɨɫɧɹɬɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɬɚɤɤɚɤ
ɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɟɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦɨɠɟɬɛɵɬɶɩɪɢɱɢɧɨɣɛɪɵɡɝ
ɉɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɢɬɟɨɱɢɫɬɤɭɩɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɢɩɪɢɩɨɦɨɳɢ
ɡɭɛɨɱɢɫɬɨɤɢɥɢɩɪɢɩɨɦɨɳɢɝɭɛɤɢɊɢɫɉɨɜɬɨɪɢɬɶ
ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɸɩɨɦɟɫɬɢɜɜɮɢɥɶɬɪɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɟ
ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɤɨɮɟ
ɇɚɩɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɟɜɦɟɫɬɟ
ɩɪɢɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ
ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹɨɫɬɚɥɢɫɶ
ɨɫɬɚɬɤɢɦɨɥɨɬɨɝɨɤɨɮɟ
ɉɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɢɬɟɨɱɢɫɬɤɭɩɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɢɩɪɢɩɨɦɨɳɢ
ɡɭɛɨɱɢɫɬɨɤɢɥɢɩɪɢɩɨɦɨɳɢɝɭɛɤɢɊɢɫ
Ɉɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟɫɢɥɢɤɨɧɨɜɨɝɨɫɢɬɚ
ɡɚɤɭɩɨɪɟɧɨ
ɉɪɨɦɵɬɶɫɢɥɢɤɨɧɨɜɨɟɫɢɬɨ(ɩɨɞɬɟɤɭɳɟɣ
ɜɨɞɨɣɥɟɝɤɨɧɚɝɢɛɚɹɩɨɛɨɤɚɦɱɬɨɛɵɨɫɜɨɛɨɞɢɬɶ
ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɟɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟɨɬɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɯɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ
ɤɨɮɟɣɧɨɣɩɵɥɢɤɨɬɨɪɚɹɦɨɝɥɚɟɝɨɡɚɛɢɬɶɊɢɫ
Ɏɢɥɶɬɪɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɣɩɟɪɟɦɨɥ
ɢɦɟɟɬɡɚɤɭɩɨɪɟɧɧɵɟ
ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ
Ɉɫɬɪɨɠɧɨɫɧɹɬɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɬɚɤɤɚɤ
ɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɟɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦɨɠɟɬɛɵɬɶɩɪɢɱɢɧɨɣɛɪɵɡɝ
ɉɪɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶɩɪɢɩɨɦɨɳɢɳɺɬɨɱɤɢɢɥɢɡɚɨɫɬɪɟɧɢɹ
ɡɚɤɭɩɨɪɟɧɧɵɟɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɉɪɨɦɵɬɶɮɢɥɶɬɪ
ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɹɬɚɛɥɟɬɤɢ&2))((&/($1Ⱥɪɢɟɬɟ
ɩɪɢɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɹɫɶɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɣɧɚɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɟ
ɑɚɥɞɚɤɨɮɟɫɞɟɮɟɤɬɨɦ Ɂɚɦɟɧɢɬɶɱɚɥɞɭɜɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɟ
86
RU
ɉɊɈȻɅȿɆɕ ɉɊɂɑɂɇɕ ɍɋɌɊȺɇȿɇɂȿ
ȼɵɩɭɫɤɤɨɮɟɧɟ
ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬɢɥɢ
ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɥɢɲɤɨɦ
ɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɨ
ɋɢɬɨɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɟɟɫɹɜ
ɦɟɫɬɟɩɪɢɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ
ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹɢɦɟɟɬ
ɡɚɤɭɩɨɪɟɧɧɵɟɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ
ȼɤɥɸɱɢɬɶɦɚɲɢɧɭɛɟɡɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹɞɥɹ
ɜɵɬɟɤɚɧɢɹɜɨɞɵȿɫɥɢɜɨɞɚɧɟɜɵɯɨɞɢɬɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨ
ɢɡɜɫɟɯɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɣɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɩɪɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶɢɯɫ
ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚ12&$/ɮɢɪɦɵ
³Ⱥɪɢɟɬɟ´ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣɦɨɠɧɨɧɚɣɬɢɜɰɟɧɬɪɚɯɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɨɝɨ
ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ³Ⱥɪɢɟɬɟ´ɩɪɢɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɹɫɶɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ
ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯɧɚɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɟ
Ɏɢɥɶɬɪɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɣɩɟɪɟɦɨɥ
ɢɦɟɟɬɡɚɤɭɩɨɪɟɧɧɵɟ
ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ
Ɉɫɬɪɨɠɧɨɫɧɹɬɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɬɚɤɤɚɤ
ɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɟɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦɨɠɟɬɛɵɬɶɩɪɢɱɢɧɨɣɛɪɵɡɝ
ɉɪɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶɩɪɢɩɨɦɨɳɢɳɺɬɨɱɤɢɢɥɢɡɚɨɫɬɪɟɧɢɹ
ɡɚɤɭɩɨɪɟɧɧɵɟɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɉɪɨɦɵɬɶɮɢɥɶɬɪ
ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɹɬɚɛɥɟɬɤɢ&2))((&/($1Ⱥɪɢɟɬɟ
ɩɪɢɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɹɫɶɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɣɧɚɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɟ
Ʉɨɮɟɣɧɵɣɩɨɥɨɥɨɱɟɧɶ
ɦɟɥɤɢɣ
ɉɨɩɪɨɛɨɜɚɬɶɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɬɶɤɨɮɟɣɧɭɸɫɦɟɫɶɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɭɸ
ɩɪɢɩɨɦɨɳɢɛɨɥɟɟɤɪɭɩɧɨɝɨɩɟɪɟɦɨɥɚ
Ʉɨɮɟɣɧɵɣɩɨɦɨɥɨɱɟɧɶ
ɫɞɚɜɥɟɧ
ɉɪɟɫɫɨɜɚɬɶɤɨɮɟɜɮɢɥɶɬɪɟɫɧɚɢɦɟɧɶɲɟɦ
ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ
Ɋɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪɩɥɨɯɨɜɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ ȼɫɬɚɜɶɬɟɯɨɪɨɲɨɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪɫɠɢɦɚɹɞɧɨɋɧɨɜɚ
ɧɚɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪ
Ɉɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟɫɢɥɢɤɨɧɨɜɨɝɨɫɢɬɚ
ɡɚɤɭɩɨɪɟɧɨ
ɉɪɨɦɵɬɶɫɢɥɢɤɨɧɨɜɨɟɫɢɬɨ(ɩɨɞɬɟɤɭɳɟɣ
ɜɨɞɨɣɥɟɝɤɨɧɚɝɢɛɚɹɩɨɛɨɤɚɦɱɬɨɛɵɨɫɜɨɛɨɞɢɬɶ
ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɟɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟɨɬɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɯɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ
ɤɨɮɟɣɧɨɣɩɵɥɢɤɨɬɨɪɚɹɦɨɝɥɚɟɝɨɡɚɛɢɬɶɊɢɫ
ȼɧɟɦɦɚɥɨɜɨɞɵɢɧɚɫɨɫɧɟ
ɜɫɚɫɵɜɚɟɬ
ɉɪɨɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɣɭɪɨɜɟɧɶɜɨɞɵ
ɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪɚɜɫɥɭɱɚɟɡɚɩɨɥɧɢɬɶɟɝɨɧɚɬɭɪɚɥɶɧɨɣɢ
ɫɜɟɠɟɣɜɨɞɨɣ
ɑɚɥɞɚɤɨɮɟɫɞɟɮɟɤɬɨɦ Ɂɚɦɟɧɢɬɶɱɚɥɞɭɜɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɟ
Ɋɚɡɪɵɜɱɚɥɞɵɤɨɮɟ ɋɧɹɬɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶɟɝɨɝɭɛɤɨɣɢ
ɜɫɬɚɜɢɬɶɧɨɜɭɸɱɚɥɞɭ
Ʉɨɮɟɫɥɢɲɤɨɦ
ɜɨɞɹɧɢɫɬɵɣɢ
ɯɨɥɨɞɧɵɣ
ɋɦɟɫɶɛɵɥɚɫɥɢɲɤɨɦɝɪɭɛɨ
ɩɨɦɨɥɨɬɚ
Ⱦɥɹɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹɛɨɥɟɟɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨɢɛɨɥɟɟ
ɝɨɪɹɱɟɝɨɤɨɮɟɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɦɟɫɶ
ɛɨɥɟɟɬɨɧɤɨɝɨɩɨɦɨɥɚȼɥɸɛɨɦɫɥɭɱɚɟɷɬɚɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ
ɭɫɬɪɚɧɹɟɬɶɫɹɩɪɢɩɨɦɨɳɢɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ7KHUPRFUHDP
ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɪɭɟɬɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɟɜɫɟɝɞɚɝɨɪɹɱɟɝɨɤɨɮɟ
ɢɛɨɝɚɬɭɸɤɪɟɦɨɡɧɭɸɩɟɧɤɭɞɚɠɟɟɫɥɢɤɨɮɟɛɭɞɟɬ
ɩɟɪɟɦɨɥɚɬɤɪɭɩɧɨ
Ⱦɚɬɚɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɭɤɚɡɚɧɚɧɚɤɨɪɩɭɫɟɢɡɞɟɥɢɹɜɡɚɲɢɮɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɦɜɢɞɟ61ZN\UDEFGHIJ
ɝɞɟZN±ɧɟɞɟɥɹɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ
\U±ɝɨɞɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ
DEFGHIJ±ɫɟɪɢɣɧɵɣɧɨɦɟɪɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ
ɋɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ
ɌɊɌɋ©ɈɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢɧɢɡɤɨɜɨɥɶɬɧɨɝɨɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɊɟɲɟɧɢɟɦɄɨɦɢɫɫɢɢɌɚɦɨ-
ɠɟɧɧɨɝɨɫɨɸɡɚʋɨɬɚɜɝɭɫɬɚɝɨɞɚ
ɌɊɌɋ©ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɚɹɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɶɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɫɪɟɞɫɬɜªɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɊɟɲɟɧɢɟɦɄɨ-
ɦɢɫɫɢɢɌɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨɫɨɸɡɚʋɨɬɞɟɤɚɛɪɹɝɨɞɚ
ɂɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹɨɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢɜɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɢɤɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɣɧɨɦɭɬɚɥɨɧɭɢɢɥɢɧɚɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɟɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ
%aȽɰȼɬɄɥɚɫɫ,±,3;
ɋɞɟɥɚɧɨɜɄɢɬɚɟ
ɂɦɩɨɪɬɟɪɈɈɈ©Ɇɟɞɢɚɬɟɯª
87
RU
ɘɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɚɞɪɟɫɝɨɪɨɞɆɨɫɤɜɚɭɥɢɰɚɋɚɞɨɜɚɹɌɪɢɭɦɮɚɥɶɧɚɹɞɨɦɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟɉɈɆ
,ɄɈɆ
ɎɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɚɞɪɟɫɝɆɨɫɤɜɚɭɥɍɫɚɱɟɜɚɞɤɨɪɩɭɫɩɨɦ,,ɤɨɦ
ɂɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɶ'H/RQJKL$SSOLDQFHV6UO©ȾɟɥɨɧɝɢȺɩɩɥɚɟɧɫɢɫɋɊɅªȺɞɪɟɫɂɬɚɥɢɹɎɥɨɪɟɧɰɢɹ
ɄɚɦɩɢȻɢɡɟɧɰɢɨȼɢɚɋɄɭɢɪɢɤɨ
ɋɩɢɫɨɤɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣɭɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɟɧɧɵɯɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɟɦɧɚɪɚɛɨɬɭɫɩɪɟɬɟɧɡɢɹɦɢɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɟɣɢɫɟɪɜɢɫ-
ɧɵɦɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟɦɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɧɚɫɚɣɬɟKWWSZZZDULHWHQHWUXDVVLVWDQFH
Ƚɨɪɹɱɚɹɥɢɧɢɹ$ULHWH
Ɍɨɜɚɪɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɜɫɨɛɪɚɧɧɨɦɜɢɞɟɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɣɤɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɟɢɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɸɧɟɭɫɬɚɧɨɜ-
ɥɟɧɨ
ɍɬɢɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɜɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦɦɟɫɬɚɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ
Ƚɚɪɚɧɬɢɣɧɵɣɫɪɨɤɝɨɞɚɋɪɨɤɫɥɭɠɛɵɢɡɞɟɥɢɹɝɨɞɚ
ɂɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹɨɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢɜɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɢɤɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɣɧɨɦɭɬɚɥɨɧɭɢɢɥɢɧɚɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɟɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ
88
SA
ّ
ﻴﺘﻜﻟا اﺬﻫ صﻮﺼﺨﺑ
نأ ﻦﻜﻤﻣ ﻲﺘﻟا ءاﺰﺟﻷا ﻊﻴﻤﺟ ﰲ ﺔ
ّ
ﻴﻤﺤﻣو ،ﺔﻴﺑوروﻷا لوﺪﻟا ﺔﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ ةدﺪﺤﳌا ﺲﻴﻳﺎﻘﳌا ﺐﺴﺣ ﺔﻋﻮﻨﺼﻣ ةﺰﻬﺟﻷا نأ ﻦﻣ ﻢﻏﺮﻟا ﲆﻋ
.راﻷاو ثداﻮﺤﻟا عﻮﻗو ﻊﻨﳌ ،ﻪﻠﺟأ ﻦﻣ ﻊﻨﺻ يﺬﻟا ضﺮﻐﻠﻟ ﻂﻘﻓ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا لﻌﺘﺳاو صﺮﺤﺑ تﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟا هﺬﻫ ةءاﺮﻗ ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺮﻄﺨﻠﻟ رﺪﺼﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺗ
.ﻐﻠﻟ ﻪﺋاﺪﻫإ وأ ﻪﻌﻴﺑ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﰲ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻊﻣ تﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟا هﺬﻫ ﻖﻓرأ .ﺔﺟﺎﺤﻟا ﺪﻨﻋو ﻞﺒﻘﺘﺴﳌا ﰲ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ عﻼﻃﻼﻟ ﺐ
ّ
ﻴﺘﻜﻟا اﺬﻬﺑ ﻆﻔﺘﺣا
:ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟا زﻮﻣﺮﻟﺎﺑ ةﺰﻴﻤﻣ ،ﺐ
ّ
ﻴﺘﻜﻟا اﺬﻫ ﰲ ةدراﻮﻟا تﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌا
لﺎﻔﻃﻷا ﲆﻋ ﺮﻄﺧ
قاﱰﺣﻻﺎﺑ ﻖﻠﻌﺘﺗ تﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺗ
ءﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺐﺒﺴﺑ ﺮﻄﺧ ﺔﻳدﺎﻣ راﴐأ – تﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺗ
ىﺮﺧأ بﺎﺒﺳﻷ دﻮﻌﺗ رﺎﻄﺧأ
زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻦﻣ ضﺮﻐﻟا
يﺎﺷ ﺎﻀﻳأ داﺪﻋإ ﻦﻜ ،ﻦﺧﺎﺳ ءﺎﻣ ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ ﺔﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣإ ﻞﻀﻔﺑو ،ﻚﻟذ ﲆﻋ ةدﺎﻳز ;ﻮﻨﻴﺸﺗ
ّ
ﺒﻜﻟاو ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا داﺪﻋإ ﻞﺟأ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا لﻌﺘﺳا ﻦﻜ
.ﻲﻋﺎﻨﺼﻟا وأ يرﺎﺠﺘﻟا لﻌﺘﺳﻼﻟ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻏ ﻮﻬﻓ ﱄﺎﺘﻟﺎﺑو ،صﺎﺨﻟا لﻌﺘﺳﻼﻟ ﻂﻘﻓ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا اﺬﻫ ﻢﻴﻤﺼﺗ ﻢﺗ .ﺔﻋﻮﻘﻨﻣ تﺎﺑوﴩﻣو
زﺎﻬﺠﻠﻟ ﻖﺋﻻ ﻐﻟا لﻌﺘﺳﻻا يدﺆﻳ ،ﻚﻟذ ﲆﻋ ةدﺎﻳز .ﺔﻘﺋﻻ ﻏ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻄﺑ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا لﻌﺘﺳا ﻦﻋ ﺔﺠﺗﺎﻨﻟا راﻷا ﻦﻋ ﺔﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ يأ ﻊﻧﺎﺼﻟا ﻞﻤﺤﺘﻳ ﻻ
.ﺎﻬﺘﻐﻴﺻ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﻬﻣ ،نﻀﻟا ةدﺎﻬﺷ لﺎﻄﺑإ ﱃإ
ﺔﺎﻘﻟا رﺎﻄﺧﻷا
.ﻦﺧﺎﺴﻟا ءﺎﳌا وأ رﺎﺨﺒﻠﻟ ﴍﺎﺒﳌا ﻖﻓﺪﺘﻟا ﻦﻣ مﺪﺨﺘﺴﳌا ﺔﻳﺣ ﻦﻣ ،ةﴩﻨﻟا هﺬﻫ عﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﻳ يﺬﻟا زﺎﻬﺠﻟا اﺬﻬﻟ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺸﻧﻹا تﺎﻔﺻاﻮﳌا ﺢﻤﺴﺗ ﻻ
!ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ
ﻦﻣ عﻮﻨﺼﳌا ءﺰﺠﻟا ﲆﻋ ﻂﻘﻓ ءﺎﳌا وأ رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻪﻨﻣ جﺮﺨﻳ يﺬﻟا بﻮﺒﻧﻷا ﺾﺒﻗا .ﻐﻟا هﺎﺠﺗﺎﺑ ﻖﻓﺪﺘﳌا ءﺎﳌاو رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻪ
ّ
ﻮﺗ ﻻ -قاﱰﺣﻻا ﺮﻄﺧ
.ﻚﻴﺘﺳﻼﺒﻟا
.ﺔﻴﺋاﺬﻐﻟا داﻮﳌا ﻆﻔﺤﻟ ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ داﻮﻣ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻋﻮﻨﺼﻣ ﺔﻴﻋوأ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻞﻤﻌﺘﺳا
ﺔﻣﺎﻫ تﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺗ
.ءﺎﳌﺎﺑ ناﺰﺨﻟا ﺔﺌﺒﻌﺗ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﺑ مﺎﻴﻘﻟا ﻞﺒﻗ ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺬﺧﺄﳌا ﻦﻣ ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟا ﺐﺤﺳ ﺐﺠﻳ
.ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻨﺻ وأ ﺔﻳرﺎﺠﺗ ضاﺮﻏﻷ ﻪﻟﻌﺘﺳا مﺪﻋ ﺐﺠﻳ ﱄﺎﺘﻟﺎﺑو ،ﱄﺰﻨﳌا لﻌﺘﺳﻼﻟ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻢﻤﺼﻣ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا اﺬﻫ
اﺬﻫ ﰲ ﺔﻨﻴﺒﳌا ضاﺮﻏﻷا ﻦﻋ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ ضاﺮﻏﻷ وأ ﺊﻃﺎﺧ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا لﻌﺘﺳا ﻦﻋ ﺔﺠﺗﺎﻨﻟا راﻷا ﻦﻋ ﺔﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ يأ ﺔﻌﻨﺼﳌا ﺔﻛﴩﻟا ﻞﻤﺤﺘﺗ ﻻ
.ﺐﻴﺘﻜﻟا
ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﱃإ ﻪﻠﻘﻧ ءﺎﻨﺛأ ﺔﻘﺋﻻ ﻏ داﻮ ﺞﺘﻨﳌا ﻒﻴﻠﻐﺗ ﻦﻋ ﺞﺗﺎﻨﻟا ﺐﻄﻌﻟا ﻦﻤﻀﺘﺗ ﻻ ﺔﻴﻧﺎﺠﳌا ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺼﻟا نﻷ ،ﺔﻴﻠﺻﻷا ﻒﻴﻠﻐﺘﻟا داﻮ ظﺎﻔﺘﺣﻻا ﺢﺼﻨﻳ
.ﺺ
ّ
ﺮﳌا ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺼﻟا
.ﺔﻳﺬﻏﻸﻟ ﺔﺴﻣﻼﳌا داﻮﳌﺎﺑ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌاو ٢٧/١٠/٢٠٠٤ ﺦﻳرﺎﺘﺑ ةردﺎﺼﻟا ١٩٣٥/٢٠٠٤ ﻢﻗر ﺔﻴﺑوروﻷا لوﺪﻟا ﺔﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻢﻈﻨﻟ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا
لﺎﻔﻃﻷا ﲆﻋ ﺮﻄﺧ
اذإ وأ ﻢﻬﻨﻋ لوﺆﺴﳌا ﺺﺨﺸﻟا ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ ﻢﻬﺘﺒﻗاﺮﻣ ﻢﺘﻳ نأ ﺔﻄﻳﴍ ،تاﻮﻨﺳ ٨ ﻦﻋ ﻢﻫرﻋأ ﺪﻳﺰﺗ ﻦﻳﺬﻟا لﺎﻔﻃﻷا ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا لﻌﺘﺳا ﻦﻜ
.لﻌﺘﺳﻻا ءﺎﻨﺛأ ﺎﻬﻟ ﺿﺮﻌﳌا رﺎﻄﺧﻷا اﻮﻛردأو ﻦﻣآ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا لﻌﺘﺳا ﲆﻋ ﻢﻬﻤﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﻢﺗ
ﻦﻣ ﻢﻬﺘﺒﻗاﺮﻣ ﻢﺘﻳ نأ ﺔﻄﻳﴍو ،تاﻮﻨﺳ ٨ ﻦﻋ ﻢﻫرﻋأ ﻞﻘﺗ دوأ ﺎﻬﺑ مﻮﻘﻳ ﻻ نأ ﺐﺠﻳ ،مﺪﺨﺘﺴﳌا مﺎﻬﻣ ﻦﻤﺿ ﺄﺗ ﻲﺘﻟا ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺼﻟاو ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟا لﻋأ
.ﺮﻄﺨﻟا ﱃإ ﻢﻬﺴﻔﻧأ نﻮﺿﺮﻌﻳو ،زﺎﻬﺠﻟﺎﺑ اﻮﺒﻌﻠﻳ نأ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻓﻮﺧ ،لﺎﻔﻃﻷا ﺔﺳاﺮﺣ يروﴬﻟا ﻦﻣ
.ﻢﻬﻨﻋ لوﺆﺴﳌا ﺺﺨﺸﻟا ﻞﺒﻗ
.تاﻮﻨﺳ ٨ ﻦﻋ ﻢﻫرﻋأ ﻞﻘﺗ ﻦﻳﺬﻟا لﺎﻔﻃﻷا ﻦﻋ
ً
اﺪﻴﻌﺑ ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﻞﺒﻜﻟاو زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻆﻔﺣ ﺐﺠﻳ
.ﻢﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺮﻄﺧ رﺪﺼﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺗ ﺎﻬﻧﻷ ،لﺎﻔﻃﻷا لوﺎﻨﺘﻣ ﰲ ﻒﻴﻠﻐﺘﻟا داﻮﻣ كﱰﺗ ﻻ
ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﻚﻟذ ﲆﻋ ةدﺎﻳز .ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺔﻳﺬﻐﺘﻟا ﻞﺒﻛ ﺺﻗ لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﻪﻟﻌﺘﺳا ﻊﻨﻣ ﲆﻋ ﻞﻤﻌﻟا ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺎﻬﻧ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا اﺬﻫ ﻦﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻟا ﺪﻨﻋ
.ﻪﺑ ﺐﻌﻠﻟا ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﰲ لﺎﻔﻃﻷا ﲆﻋ ﺮﻄﺧ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻦﻣ ءاﺰﺟأ ﺾﻌﺑ ﻞﻜﺸﺗ ﻻ ﺚﻴﺤﺑ ،ﺔﻣزﻼﻟا ﺑاﺪﺘﻟا ذﺎﺨﺗا
ءﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺐﺒﺴﺑ ﺮﻄﺧ
ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ ﻢﻬﺘﺒﻗاﺮﻣ ﻢﺘﻳ نأ ﺔﻄﻴﻳﴍ ،ﺔﻴﻠﻘﻌﻟا وأ ﺔﻴ
ّ
ﺴﺤﻟا وأ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻳﺰﻴﻔﻟا ﻢﻫاﻮﻗ ﻞﻣﺎﻛ نﻮﻜﻠ ﻻ ﻦﻳﺬﻟﺎﺗ صﺎﺨﺷﻷا ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا لﻌﺘﺳا ﻦﻜ
89
SA
.لﻌﺘﺳﻻا ءﺎﻨﺛأ ﺎﻬﻟ ﺿﺮﻌﳌا رﺎﻄﺧﻷا اﻮﻛردأو ﻦﻣآ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا لﻌﺘﺳا ﲆﻋ ﻢﻬﻤﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﻢﺗ اذإ وأ ﻢﻬﻨﻋ لوﺆﺴﳌا ﺺﺨﺸﻟا
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ﻴﻄﻠﻔﻟ ﺔﻘﺑﺎﻄﻣ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻞﻔﺳأ ﺎﻫﺪﺠﺗ ﻲﺘﻟا تﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌا ﺔﻗﺎﻄﺑ ﲆﻋ ﺔﻨﻴﺒﳌا
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ﻴﻄﻠﻔﻟا نأ ﻦﻣ ﻖﻘﺤﺗ ،ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺔﻜﺒﺸﻟﺎﺑ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻞﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﻞﺒﻗ
.ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺔﻜﺒﺸﻟا
.ثداﻮﺣو راﴐأ عﻮﻗو ﱃإ يدﺆﻳ نأ ﻦﻜﻤﻣ ،ﺔﻌﻧﺎﺼﻟا ﺔﻛﴩﻟا ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ ﺔﺼﺧ
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ﺮﻣ ﻐﻟا ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا تﻼﺻﻮﻟا لﻌﺘﺳا
.ءﺎﳌﺎﺑ ناﺰﺨﻟا ﺔﺌﺒﻌﺗ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺔﻜﺒﺸﻟا ﻦﻋ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻞﺼﻓأ
ﻦﻣ لاﻮﺣﻷا ﻊﻴﻤﺟو ﺎﻬﻟ ﻊﺑﺎﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻟا تﺎﻣﺪﺨﻟا ﻢﺴﻗ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ وأ ﺔﻌﻧﺎﺼﻟا ﺔﻛﴩﻟا ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ ﻪﻟاﺪﺒﺘﺳا ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﻞﺒﻜﻟا ﻒﻠﺗ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﰲ
.رﺎﻄﺧﻷا ﻦﻣ عﻮﻧ يأ عﻮﻗو ﳾﺎﺤﺘﻟ ،لﻋﻷا هﺬﻫ ﻞﺜﳌ ﻞﻫﺆﻣ ﺺﺨﺷ ﻞﺒﻗ
!سﺎ ﻞﻄﻋ ثوﺪﺣ ﱃإ ﻚﻟذ يدﺆﻳ نأ ﻦﻜ :ءﻠﻟ ءﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻧﻮﺤﺸﳌا ءاﺰﺟﻷا ﺔﺴﻣﻼﻣ مﺪﻋ ﺐﺠﻳ
.ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺻ وأ ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ يﺄﺑ مﺎﻴﻘﻟا ﺪﻨﻋ ،ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺬﺧﺄﳌا ﻦﻣ ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟا ﺐﺤﺳا
ﺔﻟﺎﻣإ ﻦﻣ ﻦﻜﻤﺘﺗ ﻟ ﺾﺒﻘﳌا مﺪﺨﺘﺳا ﻚﻟﺬﺑ مﺎﻴﻘﻟا ﺪﻨﻋ) ناﺰﺨﻟا ﻎﻳﺮﻔﺗ ﺎﻫﺪﻌﺑ ﻦﻣو ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺔﻜﺒﺸﻟا ﻦﻋ ﻪﻠﺼﻓ ﺐﺠﻳ ،زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻞﻘﻧ ﻞﺒﻗ
.ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ءاﺰﺟﻷا ﻞﺧاد ﱃإ ب
ّ
ﴪﺘﻳو ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺢﻴﺗﺎﻔﳌا ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣ ءﺎﳌا ﻞ
ّ
ﻠﺒﻳ ﻻ نأ ﲆﻋ مﺎﺘﻟا صﺮﺤﻟا ﻊﻣ (ﺔﻫ
ّ
ﻮﻔﻟا ﻦﻣ ءﺎﳌا جاﺮﺧإو زﺎﻬﺠﻟا
.ةاﻮﻜﳌا ﺔﺤﻴﻔﺻ ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟ ﺔّﻛﺎﺣ داﻮﻣ ﻞﻤﻌﺘﺴﺗ ﻻ
ىﺮﺧأ بﺎﺒﺳﻷ دﻮﻌﺗ رﺎﻄﺧأ
.ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺬﺧﺄﳌا ﱃإ لﻮﺻﻮﻟا ﻞﻬﺴﻟا ﻦﻣ نﻮﻜﻳ ﺚﻴﺤﺑو ،ﻒﻴﻈﻧو ﰲﺎﻜﻟا رﺪﻘﻟﺎﺑ ءﺎﻀﻣ نﺎﻜﻣ رﺎﺘﺧا
.ءﺎﳌا ﻦﻣ ةﺪﺋاز ﺔﻴﻤﻛ ناﺰﺨﻟا ﰲ ﻊﻀﺗ ﻻ
وأ ﻞﺒﻜﻟا نﺎﻛ اذإ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻞﻤﻌﺘﺴﺗ ﻻ .ﻪﻨﻣ ءﺎﳌا ب
ّ
ﴪﺗ وأ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻒﻠﺗ تﺎﻣﻼﻋ رﻮﻬﻇو ضرﻷا ﲆﻋ ﻪﻃﻮﻘﺳ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﰲ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا لﻌﺘﺳا مﺪﻋ ﺐﺠﻳ
ﻂﻘﻓ ﻢﺘﺗ نأ ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺔﻳﺬﻐﺘﻟا ﻞﺒﻛ لاﺪﺒﺘﺳا ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺎ ،حﻼﺻﻹا تﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻊﻴﻤﺟ .ﻒﻠﺘﻣ ﻪﺴﻔﻧ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا نﺎﻛ اذإ وأ نﺎﻔﻠﺘﻣ ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟا
.ﺮﻄﺧ يأ عﻮﻗو ﳾﻼﺘﻟ ،Ariete ﺔﻛﴍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ ﻟﻮﺨﻣ ءاﱪﺧ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ وأ Ariete ﺔﻛﴩﻟ ﻊﺑﺎﺘﻟا تﺎﻣﺪﺨﻟا ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ
قاﱰﺣﻻﺎﺑ ﻖﻠﻌﺘﺗ تﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺗ
!قاﱰﺣﻻا ﺮﻄﺧ :رﺬﺤﺑ ﻦﺧﺎﺴﻟا ءﺎﳌا/رﺎﺨﺒﻟا بﻮﺒﻧأ ﻞﻤﻌﺘﺳا ;ﻚﻤﺴﺟ ﻦﻣ ءاﺰﺟأ هﺎﺠﺗﺎﺑ ﻖﻓﺪﺘﳌا ﻦﺧﺎﺴﻟا ءﺎﳌا وأ رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻪ
ّ
ﺟﻮﺗ ﻻ
.قاﱰﺣﻻا ﻦﻣ
ً
ﺎﻓﻮﺧ ،زﺎﻬﺠﻟا لﻌﺘﺳا ءﺎﻨﺛأ ﺔﻴﺟرﺎﺨﻟا ﺔﻴﻧﺪﻌﳌا ءاﺰﺟﻷا ﺲﳌ مﺪﻋ ﺐﺠﻳ
ﻲﻘﺒﺘﳌا ﻂﻐﻀﻟا يدﺆﻳ نأ ﻦﻣ
ً
ﺎﻓﻮﺧ ،ءﻂﺒﺑ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﺪﻌﺑأ ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟا هﺬﻫ ﰲو . ﱰﻠﻓ داﺪﺳ ﱃإ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻦﻣ ءﺎﳌا جوﺮﺧ مﺪﻋ دﻮﻌﻳ نأ ﻦﻜ
ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﺑ أﺪﺑا ،ﻚﻟذ ﺪﻨﻋ .ءﺎﳌا ّشر وأ ذاذر ثﺪﺤﻳ نأ ﻦﻜﻤﻣ ﻒﻠﺨﺘﳌا ﻂﻐﻀﻟا نﻷ ءﻂﺒﺑ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﺪﻌﺑأ ،ﻚﻟذ ﺪﻌﺑ .ءﺎﳌا ّشرإ
ﺮﻐﻟا اﺬﻬﻟ ةدﺪﺤﳌا ةﺮﻘﻔﻟا ﰲ ﺒﻣ ﻮﻫ ﺎﻣ ﺐﺴﺣ
ﺔﻳدﺎﻣ راﴐأ – تﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺗ
.ﺎﻬﺑﻼﻘﻧا مﺪﻋ ﻦﻤﻀﻳ ﻞﻜﺸﺑو ،ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﺢﻄﺳ ﲆﻋ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻊﺿ
.ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟا هﺬﻫ ﰲ قﱰﺤﺗ ﺔﺨﻀﳌا نﻷ ،ءﺎﻣ نوﺪﺑ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻞﻤﻌﺘﺴﺗ ﻻ
.نﺎﻴﻠﻐﻟا ءﺎ وأ ﻦﺧﺎﺴﻟا ءﺎﳌﺎﺑ ناﺰﺨﻟا ﻸ ﻻ
.ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻢﺴﺟ ﻒﻠﺗ ﻦﻣ
ً
ﺎﻓﻮﺧ ﺐﻬﻠﻟا ﻦﻣ بﺮﻘﻟﺎﺑ وأ اﺪﺟ ﻦﺧﺎﺳ ﺢﻄﺳ ﲆﻋ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻊﻀﺗ ﻻ
.ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻦﻣ ةرﺎﺤﻟا ءاﺰﺟﻸﻟ ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﻞﺒﻜﻟا ﺲﻣﻼﻣ مﺪﻋ ﺐﺠﻳ
.(ﻦﻧﻮﺑﺮﻜﻟا ﺪﻴﺴﻛأ ﺎﺛ ﺎﻬﻴﻟإ فﺎﻀﻣ) ﺔﻳزﺎﻏ هﺎﻴﻣ ﻞﻤﻌﺘﺴﺗ ﻻ
.E.S.E ﺔﻛرﺎﻣ ﻞﻤﺤﺗ صاﺮﻗأ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻞﻤﻌﺘﺳا
.زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﰲ ةﺒﻛ راأ ﻚﻟذ ﻖﺤﻠﻳ نأ ﻦﻜ .ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﻋ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﺗ ﴏﺎﻨﻋ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﰲ ﺎﻘﻠﻄﻣ ﻊﻀﺗ ﻻ
.ﺎﻬﺴﻔﻧ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌﺎﺑ راﴐأ ﻖﺤﻠﻳو ﺪﻤﺠﺘﻳ نأ ﻦﻜ ،ﺔﻧﺎ
ّ
ﺨﺴﻟا ﰲ ﻲﻘﺒﺘﳌا ءﺎﳌا نﻷ ،ﺔﻳﻮﺌﻣ ﺔﺟرد ٠ ﻦﻋ ﺎﻬﺗراﺮﺣ ﺔﺟرد ﻞﻘﺗ ﺔﺌﻴﺑ ﰲ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا كﱰﺗ ﻻ
.ﻖﻠﻄﻟا ءاﻮﻬﻟا ﰲ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻞﻤﻌﺘﺴﺗ ﻻ
(.…ﺎﻫﻏو ﺲﻤﺸﻟاو ﺮﻄﳌا) ﺔﻳﻮﺠﻟا ﻞﻣاﻮﻌﻠﻟ ضﺮﻌﻣ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا كﱰﺗ ﻻ
ءﺎﳌﺎﺑ ﺔﺒﻃﺮﻣو ﺔّﻛﺎﺣ ﻏ ﺔﺤﺴﻤﻣ ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ ﻂﻘﻓ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺔﻨﺧﺎﺴﻟا ءاﺰﺟﻷا دﱪﺗ نأ ﺪﻌﺑو ،ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺬﺧﺄﳌا ﻦﻋ ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟا ﻞﺼﻓ ﺪﻌﺑ
.(ﻚﻴﺘﺳﻼﺒﻟا ﻒﻠﺗ ﱃإ يدﺆﺗ تﺎﺒﻳﺬﻣ ﺎﻘﻠﻄﻣ ﻞﻤﻌﺘﺴﺗ ﻻ)
ّ
رﺎﺿ ﻏو ﺪﻳﺎﺤﻣ ﻒ
ّ
ﻈﻨﻣ ﻦﻣ تاﺮﻄﻘﻟا ﺾﻌﺑ ﺔﻓﺎﺿإ ﻊﻣ ،ﻒﻴﻔﺧ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ
اﺬﻬﻟ ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟا ﺔﻗرﻮﻟا ةءاﺮﻗ ﻰﺟﺮﻳ ١٩/٢٠١٢ ﻢﻗر ﺔﻴﺑوروﻷا تﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟا ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺺﻨﺗ ﺎﻣ ﺐﺴﺣو ،ﺢﻴﺤﺼﻟا ﻞﻜﺸﻟﺎﺑ ﺞﺘﻨﳌا ﻦﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻠﻟ
.ﺞﺘﻨﳌا ﻊﻣ ﺔﻘﻓﺮﳌاو ضﺮﻐﻟا
.تﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟا هﺬﻬﺑ ﻆﻔﺘﺣا
90
SA
زﺎﻬﺠﻟا تﺎﻔﺻاﻮﻣ
تاﺮﻄﻘﻟا ﻊﻴﻤﺠﺗ ضﻮﺣ- A
ﺟﺎﻨﻔﻟا دﺎﻨﺳﻹ ﺔﻜﺒﺷ- B
ﱰﻠﻓ ﻞﻣﺎﺣ- C
ةر
ّ
ﻄﻗ- D
(®ermocream) نﻮﻜﻴﻠﻴﺴﻟا ﻦﻣ بﻮﻘﺜﻣ صﺮﻗ- E
نﺎﺠﻨﻓ ٢ ﱰﻠﻓ- F
صﺮﻗ/نﺎﺠﻨﻓ ١ ﱰﻠﻓ- G
ءﺎﻣ ناﺰﺧ- H
ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻢﺴﺟ- I
ناﺰﺨﻟا ءﺎﻄﻏ- J
ةﻮﻬﻘﻠﻟ ﻂﻏﺎﺿ/سﺎﻴﻘ
ِ
ﻣ- K
ﺲﺑﺎﻗ + ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺔﻳﺬﻐﺘﻟا ﻞﺒﻛ- L
رﺎﺨﺒﻟاو ءﺎﳌا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ ﻢﻠﻗو Maxi Cappuccino ةادأ- M
رﺎﺨﺒﻠﻟ ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا حﺎﺘﻔﳌا- N
ﺔﻳ ّﻼﻐﻟا ةراﺮﺣ ﺔﺟرد ﲆﻋ لﺪﺗ ﺔﻴﺋﻮﺿ ةرﺎﺷإ- O
ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺘﻟ ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا حﺎﺘﻔﳌا- P
ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ ﲆﻋ لﺪﺗ ﺔﻴﺋﻮﺿ ةرﺎﺷإ- Q
لﺎﻌﺷﻹا
ّ
رز- R
ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟا ﲆﻋ لﺪﺗ ﺔﻴﺋﻮﺿ ةرﺎﺷإ- S
رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ ﺔﻴﻔﻨﺣ- T
ﺔﻴﻨﻓ تﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ
:ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻟا تﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌا ﲆﻋ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ةﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻞﻔﺳأ ةﺪﺟاﻮﺘﳌا تﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌا ﺔﺣﻮﻟ يﻮﺘﺤﺗ
CE ﺔﻣﻼﻌﻟاو ﻊﻧﺎﺼﻟا
(.Mod) ﻞﻳدﻮﳌا
(SN) ﺔﻋﻮﻤﺠﳌا ﻢﻗر
(Hz) ددﱰﻟاو (V) ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺔﻳﺬﻐﺘﻟا ﺔ
ّ
ﻴﻄﻠﻓ
(W) ﺔﺼﺘﻤﳌا ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ةرﺪﻘﻟا
ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺼﻟاو ﺔﻳﺎﻋﺮﻟا ﻢﺴﻗ ﻒﺗﺎﻫ ﻢﻗر
.ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻢﻗرو ﻞﻳدﻮﳌا ﺮﻛذ ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺼﻟاو ﺔﻳﺎﻋﺮﻟا ﺰﻛﺮ لﺎﺼﺗﻻا ﺪﻨﻋ
لﻌﺘﺳﻻا تﻴﻠﻌﺗ
ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺗ
.
ٍ
ﻮﺘﺴﻣ ﺢﻄﺳ ﲆﻋ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻊﺿ .زﺎﻬﺠﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻟا تﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌا ﺔﺣﻮﻟ ﲆﻋ ﺔﻨﻴﺒﳌا ﺔ
ّ
ﻴﻄﻠﻔﻠﻟ ﺔﻳوﺎﺴﻣ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺔﻜﺒﺸﻟا ﺔﻴﻄﻠﻓ نأ ﻦﻣ ﻖﻘﺤﺗ
.(٣ ﻞﻜﺷ) MAX ةرﺎﺒﻌﺑ ﺒﳌا ىﻮﺘﺴﳌا ﺔﻳﺎﻏ ﱃإ ناﺰﺨﻟا ﻸﻣا .(J) ناﺰﺨﻟا ءﺎﻄﻏ ﺢﺘﻓا
.ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ءاﺰﺟﻷا ﻞﺧاد ﱃإ ب
ّ
ﴪﺘﻳو ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺢﻴﺗﺎﻔﳌا ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣ ءﺎﳌا ﻞ
ّ
ﻠﺒﻳ ﻻ نأ ﲆﻋ مﺎﺘﻟا صﺮﺤﻟا ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺔﺌﺒﻌﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ءﺎﻨﺛأ
ّ
رﺆﻣ نﻮﻜﻳ نأ ﺐﺠﻳ يﺬﻟا ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺬﺧﺄﳌا ﰲ ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟا ﻞﺧدأ
ةﺮﻣ لوﻷ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺗ
ﲆﻋ لﺪﻳ ﻟ (S) ﻮﻀﻟا ﴍﺆﳌا ﻞﻌﺸﻳ .(R)
ّ
رﺰﻟا ﲆﻋ ﻂﻐﻀﻟا لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻞ
ّ
ﻐﺷ ،جزﺎﻄﻟا ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻄﻟا ءﺎﳌﺎﺑ ناﺰﺨﻟا ﺔﺌﺒﻌﺗ ﻦﻣ ءﺎﻬﺘﻧﻻا ﺪﻨﻋ
ﺮﻘﻣ ﻦﻣ ءﺎﻣ جوﺮﺧ ﺪﻫﺎﺸﺗ نأ ﺔﻳﺎﻏ ﱃإ (P) ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ حﺎﺘﻔﻣ ﲆﻋ ﻂﻐﺿا .(O) ﺔﻴﺋﻮﻀﻟا ةرﺎﺷﻹا ﺄﻔﻄﺗ نأ ﺣ ﱃإ ﺮﻈﺘﻧا .ﺔﻠﻌﺸﻣ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا نأ
.(٤ ﻞﻜﺷ) ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ
ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ فﺎﻘﻳإ ﻞﺟأ ﻦﻣ (P) ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺘﺑ صﺎﺨﻟا ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا حﺎﺘﻔﳌا ﲆﻋ ﻂﻐﺿا .ﺘﻘﻴﻗد ةﺪﳌ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ
ّ
ﺮﻘﻣ ﻦﻣ ءﺎﳌا ع
ّ
زو
ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ تﺎﻗوﺄﺑ ﺪ
ّ
ﻴﻘﺗ .ﺔﻳ
ّ
ﻼﻐﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻠﺧاﺪﻟا ةروﺪﻟا ﻒ
ّ
ﻈﻨﺗ ﻟ ﻞﻗﻷا ﲆﻋ ناﺰﺧ ﺔﻌﺴﺑ ءﺎﻣ ع
ّ
زو .ﺔﻘﻴﻗد ةﺪﳌ ﻞﻤﻌﻟا ﻦﻋ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻒﻗوأ .ﻊﻳزﻮﺘﻟا
.ﻞﻤﻌﻟا ﻦﻋ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻒ
ّ
ﻗﻮﺗو ءﺎﳌا
MAXI ﺔﻴﻟآ ﻢﻠﻗ ﺖﺤﺗ ءﺎﻋو ﻊﺿﻮﺑ مﻮﻘﺗ نأ ﺪﻌﺑو ،ﺔﻋﺎﺴﻟا برﺎﻘﻋ هﺎﺠﺗا ﺲﻜﻌﺑ ﻒﻴﻔﺧ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺎﻬ
ّ
ﻔﻟ لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ (T) ﺔﻴﻔﻨﺤﻟا ﺢﺘﻓا
.(M) فﺮﺤﻟﺎﺑ ﺎﻬﻴﻟإ رﺎﺸﳌا CAPPUCCINO
91
SA
نأ ﺣ ﱃإ ﺮﻈﺘﻧا .ءﺎﳌا جوﺮﺧ ﻒﻗﻮﺘﻳ ﻟ (P) ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ حﺎﺘﻔﻣ ﲆﻋ ﻂﻐﺿا ﻢﺛ ،ﺔﻋﺎﺴﻟا برﺎﻘﻋ هﺎﺠﺗﺎﺑ ﺎﻬّﻔﻟ لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ (T) ﺔﻴﻔﻨﺤﻟا ﻖﻠﻏأ
.ﺔﻴﺋﻮﻀﻟا ةرﺎﺷﻹا ﻞﻌﺸﺗ نأ ﺣ ﱃإ ﺮﻈﺘﻧا .(O) ﺔﻴﺋﻮﻀﻟا ةرﺎﺷﻹا ﺄﻔﻄﺗ
ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا داﺪﻋإ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻃ
لﺎﺧدإ ﻦﻜ .(٥ ﻞﻜﺷ) (C) ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﰲ (G) نﺎﺠﻨﻓ ١ ﱰﻠﻓ وأ (F) نﺎﺠﻨﻓ ٢ ﱰﻠﻓو (E) بﻮﻘﺜﳌا نﻮﻜﻴﻠﻴﺴﻟا صﺮﻗو (D) ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺮ
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ﻄﻘﻣ ﻞﺧدأ
ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟا ةادﻷا ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ ﻒﻴﻔﺧ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﻂﻐﺿاو ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﰲ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺔﻋﺮﺟ ﻊﺿ .ﺪﺣاو هﺎﺠﺗﺎﺑ ﻂﻘﻓ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺮ
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ﻄﻘﻣ ﲆﻋ بﻮﻘﺜﳌا نﻮﻜﻴﻠﻴﺴﻟا صﺮﻗ
ﰲ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻚﺒﺷا .ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺪﺣاو نﺎﺠﻨﻓ داﺪﻋﻹ ﺪﺣاو سﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﻸﻣا ﻨﻴﺑ ،ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﻣ ﻧﺎﺠﻨﻓ داﺪﻋﻹ مﺎﺗ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺳﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﻸﻣا :ضﺮﻐﻟا اﺬﻬﻟ
.ﻪﺑ صﺎﺨﻟا ﺮﻘﳌا
!ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ
.(٦ ﻞﻜﺷ) ﺔﺸﻨﻠﻔﻟا ﲆﻋ ﺪﻴﺟ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﻪﻜﺒﺷ ةﺎﻋاﺮﻣ ﻊﻣ ،ﻤﻴﻟا ﻮﺤﻧ رﺎﺴﻴﻟا ﻦﻣ ﻪّﻔﻟ لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻴﺟ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ه
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ﺪﺷ ﺎﻫﺪﻌﺑ ﻦﻣو ،
ﻦﻜ ،ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ ءﺎﻨﺛأ وأ/و ،ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ
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ﻒﻟ ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟا هﺬﻫ ﰲ ﺐﻌﺼﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺢﺒﺼﻳ ،ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﺧاد ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﻣ ةﺪﺋاز ﺔﻴﻤﻛ ﻊﺿو ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﰲ
.ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻦﻣ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﻣ ﻞﻴﻠﻗ ب
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ﴪﺘﻳ نأ
يﻮﻔﻋ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﻪﻄﻐﺿ ﻢﺘﻳ  (N) رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﺔﻔﻴﻇو
ّ
رز نأ ﻦﻣ ﻖﻘﺤﺗ
ﻰﺘﺣ ﺔﻨﺧﺎﺳ ةﻮﻬﻗ ﲆﻋ ﻞﻜﺸﻟا اﺬﻬﺑ لﻮﺼﺤﻟا ﻢﺘﻳ ﻟ ،ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا داﺪﻋﺈﺑ ءﺪﺒﻟا ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﺨﺴﻳ نأ ﺣ ﱃإ ﻖﺋﺎﻗد ﻊﻀﺒﻟ هﺮﻘﻣ ﰲ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ كﱰﺑ ﺢﺼﻨﻳ
.ﺔﻘﺣﻼﻟا ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺟﺎﻨﻓ داﺪﻋإ ﺪﻨﻋ ﻚﻟذ ﱃإ جﺎﺘﺤﺗ ﻻ .ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﻣ نﺎﺠﻨﻓ لوأ داﺪﻋإ ﺪﻨﻋ
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رﺰﻟا ﲆﻋ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻦﻣ ﻂﻐﺿا ،ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ فﺎﻘﻳﻹ .ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ تﺎﻫ
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ﻮﻓ ﻦﻣ جوﺮﺨﻟﺎﺑ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا أﺪﺒﺗ :(P) حﺎﺘﻔﳌا ﲆﻋ ﻂﻐﺿا ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺘﺑ ءﺪﺒﻠﻟ
.ﱰﻠﻴﻠﻣ ٥٠ ﻲﻫ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﻣ نﺎﺠﻨﻔﻟ ىﻮﺼﻘﻟا ﺔﻋﺮﺠﻟا .(P)
!ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ
!قاﱰﺣﻻا ﺮﻄﺧ ;لﺎ
ّ
ﻐﺷ (R) ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺘﻟ ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا حﺎﺘﻔﳌا نﻮﻜﻳ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﺪﻌﺒﺗ ﻻ ،ﺔﻴﻨﻬﳌا ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا تﺎﻨﻴﻛﺎﻣ راﺮﻏ ﲆﻋ
!ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ
رﺎﺴﻴﻟا ﻮﺤﻧ ﻤﻴﻟا ﻦﻣ ءﻂﺒﺑ ﻪّﻔﻟ ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ دﺎﻌﺑﻹ ;ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﺐﺤﺳ ﻞﺒﻗ اﻮﺛ ةﴩﻋ ﺮﻈﺘﻧا ،ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا داﺪﻋإ ﻦﻣ ءﺎﻬﺘﻧﻻا ﺪﻨﻋ
.ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا وأ ءﺎﳌا شر ﻦﻣ ﺎﻓﻮﺧ
ﻣ ،يرود ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺎﻫﺪﻌﺑ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻌﺸﺗو (O) ﺔﻴﺋﻮﻀﻟا ةرﺎﺷﻹا ﺄﻔﻄﺗ ،(يﺎﺑﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳ) ﺮﻣاوﻷا لﺎﺒﻘﺘﺳﻻ ةﺰﻫﺎﺟو ﺔﻔﻗﻮﺘﻣ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا نﻮﻜﺗ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ
.ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا داﺪﻋﻹ ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﳌا ءﺎﳌا ةراﺮﺣ ﺔﺟرد ﲆﻋ ﻆﻓﺎﺤﻳ يﺬﻟا ﺔﻧﺎ
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ﺨﺴﻟا تﺎﺘﺳﻮﻣﺛ ﻞﺧﺪﺗ ﲆﻋ ﻪﺗاذ ﺪﺤﺑ لﺪﻳ
.ﺔﻴﻌﻴﺒﻃ ةﺮﻫﺎﻈﻟا هﺬﻫ رﺎﺒﺘﻋاو ﻖﻠﻘﻟا مﺪﻋ ﺐﺠﻴﻓ ،ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻦﻣ رﺎﻈﺘﻧﻻا ﺔﻠﺣﺮﻣ ءﺎﻨﺛأ رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻦﻣ ﻞﻴﻠﻗ جﺮﺧ اذإ
.ﺔﻘﺣﻼﻟا ﺟﺎﻨﻔﻟا داﺪﻋإ وأ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﻣ نﺎﺠﻨﻓ لوأ داﺪﻋﺈﺑ ءﺪﺒﻟا ﻞﺒﻗ (O) ﺔﻴﺋﻮﻀﻟا ةرﺎﺷﻹا ﺄﻔﻄﺗ نأ ﺔﻳﺎﻏ ﱃإ رﺎﻈﺘﻧﻻا ﺢﺼﻨﻳ
لﻌﺘﺳﻻا ءﺎﻨﺛأ ءﺎﳌﺎﺑ ناﺰﺨﻟا ﺊﻠﻣ
ﺬﺧﺄﳌا ﻦﻋ ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟا ﻞﺼﻓ ﺪﻌﺑ ،ﻲﻔﻜﻳ .اﺬﻟا لﺎﻌﺷﻺﻟ صﺎﺧ مﺻ ﻚﻠ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا نﻷ ،ناﺰﺨﻟا ﻦﻣ ءﺎﳌا ﻲﻬﺘﻨﻳ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ ﺔﺻﺎﺧ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ يأ ﺐﻠﻄﺘﺗ ﻻ
ﺢﻴﺗﺎﻔﳌا ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣ ءﺎﳌا ﻞ
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ﻠﺒﻳ ﻻ نأ ﲆﻋ مﺎﺘﻟا صﺮﺤﻟا ﺐﺠﻳ .ﺒﳌا MAX ىﻮﺘﺴﻣ ﺔﻳﺎﻏ ﱃإ و جزﺎﻄﻟا ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻄﻟا ءﺎﳌﺎﺑ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻦﻣ ناﺰﺨﻟا ﻸﻣ ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا
.ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ءاﺰﺟﻷا ﻞﺧاد ﱃإ ب
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ﴪﺘﻳو ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا
١٣٣٧A ﻞﻳدﻮﳌا اﺬﻟا ءﺎﻔﻃﻹا ﺔﻔﻴﻇو
ﺔﻴﻌﺿو ﰲ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﺔﻔﻴﻇﻮﻟا هﺬﻫ ﻊﻀﺗ .اﺬﻟا ءﺎﻔﻃﻹا ﺔﻔﻴﻇو ﻞﻴﻌﻔﺗ ﻢﺘﻳ
ً
ﺎﺒﻳﺮﻘﺗ ﺔﻘﻴﻗد ٣٠ ﺪﻌﺑ ،ﺎﻬﻣاﺪﺨﺘﺳا ﻢﺘﻳ ﻻو ﺔﻠﻌﺸﻣ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﺖﻧﺎﻛ اذإ
.(R) لﺎﻌﺷﻹا
ّ
رز ﲆﻋ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻦﻣ ﻂﻐﺿا ،ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا لﺎﻌﺷإ ةدﺎﻋﻹ .ةﺄﻔﻄﻣ (S) لﺎﻌﺷﻹا ةرﺎﺷإ .ماﺪﺨﺘﺳﻼﻟ ةﺰﻫﺎﺟ
صﺮﻘﻟا ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا داﺪﻋإ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻛ
:ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟا ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻄﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻊﻣ د
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رﻮﳌا (G) صﺮﻗ/نﺎﺠﻨﻓ ١ صﺎﺨﻟا ﱰﻠﻔﻟا لﻌﺘﺳا ﺐﺠﻳ ،صﺮﻘﻟا ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا داﺪﻋ
.(١٤ ﻞﻜﺷ) ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﺧاد صﺮﻘﻟا ﻊﺿ ١
.ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﺧاد ﺪﻴﺟ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺰﻛﺮﻤﺘﻣ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا صﺮﻗ نﻮﻜﻳ نأ ﺐﺠﻳ .ﻞﺧاﺪﻟا هﺎﺠﺗﺎﺑ ﻊﺑﺎﺻﻷﺎﺑ صﺮﻘﻟا ﻊﻓدا ٢
.(٦ ﻞﻜﺷ) ﺔﺸﻨﻠﻔﻟا ﲆﻋ ﻪﺘﻜﺒﺷ ﻚﻧﺄﺑ ﺪﻛﺄﺘﻟا ﻊﻣ ،ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ
ّ
ﺪﺷ .ه
ّ
ﺮﻘﻣ ﰲ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ لﺎﺧدإ نﻵا ﻦﻜ ٣
،هدﺎﻌﺑإ ﻢﺘﻳ ﻟو .ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻦﻣ يﻮﻠﻌﻟا ءﺰﺠﻟا ﰲ رﻮﺸﺤﻣ صﺮﻘﻟا ﻰﻘﺒﻳ نأ ﻦﻜ ،ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ دﺎﻌﺑإ ءﺎﻨﺛأو ،ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا داﺪﻋإ ﻦﻣ ءﺎﻬﺘﻧﻻا ﺪﻨﻋ ٤
.(١٥ ﻞﻜﺷ) ﻪﺴﻔﻧ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﲆﻋ صﺮﻘﻟا طﻮﺒﻫ ﻦﻣ ﺢﻤﺴﻳ ﻞﻜﺸﺑو ﻞﻜﺸﻟا ﰲ ﺒﻣ ﻮﻫ ﻛ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻲﻨﺣأ
.(١٦ ﻞﻜﺷ )ﻪﺴﻔﻧ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﲆﻋ صﺮﻘﻟا طﻮﺒﻫ ﻦﻣ ﺢﻤﺴﻳ ﻞﻜﺸﺑو ﻞﻜﺸﻟا ﰲ ﺒﻣ ﻮﻫ ﻛ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ
.ﺔﻘﺑﺎﻄﳌا ﺔﻣﻼﻋ ﻞﻤﺤﺗ ﻲﺘﻟا .E.S.E ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﻣ صاﺮﻗأ ءاﴍ ﺐﺠﻳ ،زﺎﺘﻤﳌا عﻮﻨﻟا ﻦﻣ ةﻮﻬﻗ ﲆﻋ ﺎاد لﻮﺼﺤﻠﻟ
ءﺎﳌا ﻦﻣ تاﺮﻄﻗ بﴪﺘﺗ نأ ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟا هﺬﻫ ﰲ ﻦﻜ ،ﺪﻴﺟ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ دوﺪﺸﻣ ﻏ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ نﺎﻛ اذإ وأ ﺪﻴﺟ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﻞﺧﺪﻣ ﻏ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا صﺮﻗ نﺎﻛ اذإ
.ﻪﺴﻔﻧ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻦﻣ
92
SA
ﻮﻨﻴﺸﺗ
ّ
ﺒﻜﻟا داﺪﻋإ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻃ
ﻞﺼﺗ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ (O) ﺔﻴﺋﻮﻀﻟا ةرﺎﺷﻹا ﺄﻔﻄﺗ ;(N)
ّ
رﺰﻟا ﲆﻋ ﻂﻐﺿا ،نﺎﻛ بوﴩﻣ يأ ﺨﺴﺘﻟ وأ ﺔﻨﺧﺎﺴﻟا ﻪﺗﻮﻛﻮﺸﻟا وأ ﻮﻨﻴﺸﺗ
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ﺒﻜﻟا ﻦﻣ سﺄﻛ داﺪﻋ
.رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺘﻟ ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﳌا ةراﺮﺤﻟا ﺔﺟرد ﱃإ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا
.ﺔﻴﻌﻴﺒﻃ ةﺮﻫﺎﻈﻟا هﺬﻫ رﺎﺒﺘﻋاو ﻖﻠﻘﻟا مﺪﻋ ﺐﺠﻴﻓ ،ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻦﻣ رﺎﻈﺘﻧﻻا ﺔﻠﺣﺮﻣ ءﺎﻨﺛأ رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻦﻣ ﻞﻴﻠﻗ جﺮﺧ اذإ
MAXI CAPPUCCINO ﺔ
ّ
ﻴﻟآ ﺖﺤﺗ سﺄﻛ ﻊﺿو ةﺎﻋاﺮﻣ ﻊﻣ ،ﺔﻋﺎﺴﻟا برﺎﻘﻋ هﺎﺠﺗا ﺲﻜﻌﺑ (T) رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ ﺔﻴﻔﻨﺣ ﺢﺘﻓا ،ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟا هﺬﻫ ﰲ
.رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺔﻳﻮﻗ ﺔﻌﻓد ﺎﻫﺪﻌﺑ ﻦﻣو ،ءﺎﳌا ﻦﻣ ﻞﻴﻠﻗ ﺔﻳاﺪﺒﻟا ﰲ جﺮﺨﻳ :٨ ﻞﻜﺷ (M) فﺮﺤﻟﺎﺑ ﺎﻬﻴﻟإ رﺎﺸﳌا
.ﺔﺑﻮﻠﻄﳌا ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻨﻟا ﲆﻋ ﻞﺼﺤﺗ نأ ﺔﻳﺎﻏ ﱃإ (T) رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ ﺔﻴﻔﻨﺣ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻦﻣ ﺢﺘﻓاو (٩ ﻞﻜﺷ) ﺐﻴﻠﺤﻟا ﻖﻳﺮﺑإ ﰲ ﺔﻳﺎﻬﻨﻟا ﻰﺘﺣ ﻢﻠﻘﻟا ﺲﻄﻏأ
يﺬﻟا ﺔﻧﺎ
ّ
ﺨﺴﻟا تﺎﺘﺳﻮﻣﺛ ﻞﺧﺪﺗ ﲆﻋ ﺎﻬﺗاذ ﺪﺤﺑ لﺪﻳ ﻣ ،يرود ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺄﻔﻄﺗو ﻞﻌﺸﺗ (O) ﺔﻴﺋﻮﻀﻟا ةرﺎﺷﻹا نأ ﻆﺣﻼﻳ ،ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا هﺬﻫ ءﺎﻨﺛأو
.رﺎﺨﺒﻟا جوﺮﺨﻟ ﺔﻣزﻼﻟا ةراﺮﺤﻟا ﺔﺟرد ﲆﻋ ﻆﻓﺎﺤﻳ
رﺎﺨﺒﻟا جﺮﺧأ ،ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا لﻌﺘﺳا ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻢﺘﻳ ةﺮﻣ ﻞﻛ ﺪﻌﺑ .رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺘﺑ ءﺪﺒﻟا ﻞﺒﻗ ةرﻮﻛﺬﳌا ﺔﻴﺋﻮﻀﻟا ةرﺎﺷﻹا ﺄﻔﻄﺗ نأ ﺔﻳﺎﻏ ﱃإ رﺎﻈﺘﻧﻻا ﺢﺼﻨﻳ
.ﺐﻴﻠﺤﻟا ﺎﻳﺎﻘﺑ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﻟا اﺬﻬﺑ ﺐﻘﺜﻟا ﻒﻈﻨﺗ ﻟ ،اﻮﺛ ﻊﻀﺒﻟ
.(N)
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رﺰﻟا ﲆﻋ ﻂﻐﻀﻟا لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﺔﻔﻴﻇو ﻲﻐﻟأ ،ﻮﻨﻴﺸﺗ
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ﺒﻜﻟا داﺪﻋإ ﻦﻣ ءﺎﻬﺘﻧﻻا ﺪﻨﻋ
ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا داﺪﻋﻹ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ماﺪﺨﺘﺳا
:ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا ءاﺮﺟإ لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﻚﻟذو ،ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا داﺪﻋﻹ ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﳌا ةراﺮﺤﻟا ﺔﺟرد ﱃإ ﺔﻧﺎ
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ﺨﺴﻟا ةدﺎﻋإ ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﻮﻨﻴﺸﺗ
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ﺒﻜﻟا ﻀﺤﺗ ﺪﻌﺑ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا داﺪﻋ
ﺔﻴﻔﻨﺤﻟا كﺮﺗأ ﺖﻗﻮﻟا ﺲﻔﻨﺑو (P) ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا حﺎﺘﻔﳌا ﲆﻋ ﻂﻐﺿا ﻢﺛ ،ﻮﻨﻴﺸﺗ
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ﺒﻜﻟا داﺪﻋإ ةادأ ﺖﺤﺗ ءﺎﻋو ﻊﺿ ،ﺔﻋﴪﺑ ﺔﻳّﻼﻐﻟا ﺪﻳﱪﺗ تدرأ اذإ
ةرﺎﺷﻹا ﺄﻔﻄﺗ نأ ﺔﻳﺎﻏ ﱃإ ﺮﻈﺘﻧا .(P) ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا حﺎﺘﻔﳌا ﻞﻔﻗأ ﻢﺛ ،(T) ﺔﻴﻔﻨﺤﻟا ﻖﻠﻏأ ;ﻮﻨﻴﺸﺗﻮ
ّ
ﺒﻜﻟا داﺪﻋإ ةادأ ﻦﻣ جﺮﺨﻳ ءﺎﳌا كﺮﺗأ .(T) ﺔﺣﻮﺘﻔﻣ
.ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﻣ نﺎﺠﻨﻓ داﺪﻋﺈﺑ أﺪﺒﺗ ﻟ ،ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻦﻣ (O) ﺔﻴﺋﻮﻀﻟا
ءﺎﳌﺎﺑ ﻊﻘﻨﺗ ﻲﺘﻟا ىﺮﺧا تﺎﺑوﴩﳌاو يﺎﺸﻟا داﺪﻋإ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻃ
ﻢﺛ ،(M) ع
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زﻮﳌا ﻢﻠﻗ ﺖﺤﺗ نﺎﺠﻨﻓ ﻊﺿ ،ﻞﻌﺸﻣ (O) ﻮﻀﻟا ﴍﺆﳌا نﻮﻜﻳ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ يا ،ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا داﺪﻋﻹ ﺰﻫﺎﺟ ﺔﻴﻌﺿو ﰲ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا نﻮﻜﺗ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻌﻋ
ﻞﻜﺸﻟا اﺬﻬﺑ ;ﻢﻠﻘﻟا ﺔﻫﻮﻔﻟا ﻦﻣ ﻦﺧﺎﺳ ءﺎﻣ جﺮﺨﻳ ﻞﻜﺸﻟا اﺬﻬﺑو (T) رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ ﺔﻴﻔﻨﺣ ارﻮﻓ ﺢﺘﻓا .(P) ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺘﻟ ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا حﺎﺘﻔﳌا ﻂﻐﺿا
.ﱰﻠﻴﻠﻣ ٢٠٠ ﻲﻫ يﺎﺸﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺳﺄﻛ داﺪﻋﻹ ىﻮﺼﻘﻟا ﺔﻋﺮﺠﻟا .ﻦﺧﺎﺳ ءﺎﻣ ع
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زﻮﳌا ﻢﻠﻘﻟا ﻦﻣ جﺮﺨﻳ
ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻄﻳﻹا ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻄﻟا ﲆﻋ “سﱪﺴﻛﻹا” ةﻮﻬﻗ داﺪﻋﻹ ةﺪﻴﻔﻣ ﺢﺋﺎﺼﻧ
ﻦﺤﻃ ﺔﺟرد ﲆﻋ (ﺔﻔﻴﻔﺧ وأ ﺔﻠﻴﻘﺛ) ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺰﻴﻛﺮﺗ ىﻮﺘﺴﻣ ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻳ .ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﰲ ةﺪﺟاﻮﺘﳌا ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﳌا ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﲆﻋ ﻒﻴﻔﺧ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﻂﻐﻀﻟا ﺐﺠﻳ
اﺬﻬﻓ ، ﻊﻳزﻮﺘﻟا ةﺪﻣ تدادزا اذإ .ﺟﺎﻨﻔﻟا ﻞﺧاد ﻂﺒﻬﺗ ﻟ اﻮﺛ ﻊﻀﺑ ﱃإ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا جﺎﺘﺤﺗ .ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﰲ ةﺪﺟاﻮﺘﳌا ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻴﻤﻛ ﲆﻋو ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا
. .ﺪﺋاز ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﻪﻄﻐﺿ ﻢﺗ ﺪﻗ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻞﺧاد ﻊﺿو يﺬﻟا ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻖﻴﻗد نأو ،اﺪﺟ ﻢﻋﺎﻧ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﻣ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا نأ ﻲﻨﻌﻳ
ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ
!ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ
.ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺬﺧﺄﳌا ﻦﻋ لﻮﺼﻔﻣ ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟاو ةﺄﻔﻄﻣ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا نﻮﻜﺗ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ ﺎﻘﺣﻻ ﺔﻨﻴﺒﳌا ﺔﻓﺎﻈﻨﻟا تﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻊﻴﻤﺟ ﻢﺘﺗ نأ ﺐﺠﻳ
!ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ
ﻻ .ﻢﻈﺘﻨﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗو ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺻ تﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺎﻬﻟ تﺮﺟ اذإ ﺖﻗﻮﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺔﻠﻳﻮﻃ ةﺪﳌ ﺪﻴﺟ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺎﻬﻠﻤﻋو ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﺔﻣﻼﺳ ﲆﻋ ظﺎﻔﺤﻟا ﻢﺘﻳ
.ﴍﺎﺒﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﻖﻓﺪﺘﻣ ءﺎﻣ ﻞﻤﻌﺘﺴﺗ ﻻ .نﻮﺤﺼﻟا ﺔﻟﺎﺴﻏ ﻞﺧاد .ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ءاﺰﺟأ ﺎﻘﻠﻄﻣ ﻞﺴﻐﺗ
!ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ
.ةدرﺎﺑ ﻲﻫو ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﲆﻋ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ يأ ﻢﺘﺗ نأ ﺐﺠﻳ
ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا تاﱰﻠﻓ ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ
ﻦﻣ ﻚﻟذو ،ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻦﻣ ﲆﻐﻳ ءﺎﻣ جﺮﺧأ .(١٠ ﻞﻜﺷ) ةﺎﺷﺮﻔﻟا ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ ﺎﻬﻔﻴﻈﻨﺗ ﺐﺠﻳ ةدوﺪﺴﻣ ﺎﻬﺗﺪﺟو اذإو ،بﻮﻘﺜﻟا داﺪﺴﻧا مﺪﻋ ﻦﻣ ﻖﻘﺤﺗ
.ﺔﻔﻠﺨﺘﳌا ﺐﺋاﻮﺸﻟا وأ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺎﻳﺎﻘﺑ ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗو ﺔﺑاذإ ﻞﻜﺸﻟا اﺬﻬﺑ ﻢﺘﻳ ﺚﻴﺤﺑ ،ةﻮﻬﻗ نوﺪﺑ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا لﺎﺧدإ لﻼﺧ
!ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ
.ﻞﺋاﻮﺴﻟا ﻖﻓﺪﺗ وأ ﻖﺷر ﱃإ يدﺆﻳ نأ ﻦﻜ ﻒ
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ﻠﺨﺘﳌا ﻂﻐﻀﻟا نﻷ ،ءﻂﺒﺑ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﺪﻌﺑأو ﻚﻓ
ةﺮﻓﻮﺘﳌاو Ariete ﺔﻛﴍ ﺎﻬﺠﺘﻨﺗ ﻲﺘﻟا COFFEE CLEAN ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟا صاﺮﻗأ ماﺪﺨﺘﺳا لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ،رﻮﻬﺷ ٣ ﻞﻛ ﺔﻳﺎﻨﻌﺑ تاﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ ﺢﺼﻨﻳ
93
SA
ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟا صاﺮﻗأ مﺪﺨﺘﺳا ﻚﻨﻜ ،ﻚﻟذ ﻦﻋ ًﻻﺪﺑو .ﺔﺒﻠﻌﻟا ﻞﺧاد ةﺪﺟاﻮﺘﳌا تﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟا عﺎﺒﺗا ةﺎﻋاﺮﻣ ﻊﻣ ،ﺔﺼ
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ﺮﳌا ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺼﻟا ﺰﻛاﺮﻣو ﻊﻴﺒﻟا ﺰﻛاﺮﻣ ﰲ
:ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟا ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻄﻟا ﺐﺴﺣ ﻚﻟذو ،نﻮﺤﺼﻟا تﻻﺎﺴﻐﻟ مﺪﺨﺘﺴﺗ ﻲﺘﻟا (ىﺮﺧأ ﺔﻳوﻴﻛ تﺎﻓﺎﻀﻣ وأ ﻊ
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ﻤﻠﻣ ﺔﻓﺎﺿإ نوﺪﺑ) ﺔﻳدﺎﻌﻟا
ﻖﺋﺎﻗد ٥ ﺪﻌﺑ) ﺪﻴﺟ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺔﻨﺧﺎﺳ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا نﻮﻜﺗ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ (ةﻮﻬﻗ نوﺪﺑ) ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﰲ نﻮﺤﺼﻟا ﺔﻟﺎﺴﻐﺑ صﺎﺨﻟا ﻞﻴﺴﻐﻟا قﻮﺤﺴﻣ ﻦﻣ صﺮﻗ ﻞﺧدأ
.(ﺨﺴﺘﻟا ﻦﻣ
.ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﺖﺤﺗ ءﺎﻋو ﻊﺿ ﻢﺛ ،ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌﺎﺑ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻚﺒﺷا
.ﺔﻴﻧﺎﺛ ٢٠-١٥ ةﺪﳌ جﺮﺨﻳ ءﺎﳌا كﺮﺗا ﻢﺛ ،ءﺎﳌا جﺮﺨﻳ ﻟ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا داﺪﻋإ
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رز ﲆﻋ ﻂﻐﺿا
.ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌﺎﺑ ﻞﺧﺪﻣ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ كﺮﺗ ﻊﻣ ،ﻞﻗﻷا ﲆﻋ ﺔﻘﻴﻗد ١٥ ةﺪﳌ ﻪﻟﻮﻌﻔﻣ ﺬﺧﺄﻳ صﺮﻘﻟا كﺮﺗا ﻢﺛ ،ءﺎﳌا جوﺮﺧ ﻒﻗوأ
.ءﺎﳌا ﻦﻣ ﻧاﺰﺧ ذﺎﻔﻧ ﺔﻳﺎﻏ ﱃإو ،ىﺮﺧأ ﺔﻴﻧﺎﺛ ٢٠-١٥ ةﺪﳌ حﺎﺗﺮﺗ ﺎﻬﻛﺮﺗو ،ﺔﻴﻧﺎﺛ ٢٠-١٥ ةﺪﳌ ﺔﺨﻀﳌا ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺗ لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ،ءﺎﳌا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺪﻋأ
.ﺔﻴﻔﻨﺤﻠﻟ يرﺎﺠﻟا ءﺎﳌا ﺖﺤﺗ ﺪﻴﺟ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﻪﻔﻄﺷاو ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﺐﺤﺳا ﻢﺛ ،ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻦﻣ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﺪﻌﺑأ
ﻞﻳﺰﺗ ﻟ ،ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻪﻴﻓ ﻚﺒﺸﻳ يﺬﻟا
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ﺮﻘﳌا ﺔﺤﺴﻤﻣ ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ ﻒ
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ﻈﻧ ﺎﻫﺪﻌﺑ ﻦﻣو ،ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺬﺧﺄﳌا ﻦﻋ ﻞﺒﻜﻟا ﻞﺼﻓا ﻢﺛ ،ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﺄﻔﻃأ
.شﺪﻟا ﰲ ﻒ
ّ
ﻠﺨﺘﳌا ﻞﻴﺴﻐﻟا قﻮﺤﺴﻣ
لﻌﺘﺳا ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﰲ .ﻒﻄﺸﻟا ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ مﺎﻹ ﻞﻗﻷا ﲆﻋ ءﺎﳌا ﻦﻣ نﺎﺠﻨﻓ ٢ جﺮﺧأ ﺎﻫﺪﻌﺑ ﻦﻣو ،ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻦﻣ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻚﺒﺷا ﻢﺛ ،ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻞﻐﺷ
.ﻞﻗا ﲆﻋ رﻮﻬﺷ ﺔﺛﻼﺛ ﻞﻛ ﺎﻬﻔﻴﻈﻨﺘﺑ ﺢﺼﻨﻳ ،
ً
ﺎﻴﻣﻮﻳ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﻣ
نﻮﻜﻴﻠﻴﺴﻟا صﺮﻗ ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ
.(١١ ﻞﻜﺷ) ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻖﻴﻗد ﺎﻳﺎﻘﺑ ﻦﻣ يﺰﻛﺮﳌا ﺐﻘﺜﻟا ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺘﻟ ﺐﻧاﻮﺠﻟا ﲆﻋ ﻪﻴﻨﺛ ﻊﻣ ،يرﺎﺠﻟا ءﺎﳌا ﺖﺤﺗ (E) نﻮﻜﻴﻠﻴﺴﻟا صﺮﻗ ﻞﺴﻏا
ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ
ّ
ﺮﻘﻣ ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ
ﺶﻜﻧ دﻮﻋ لﻌﺘﺳا لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻫدﺎﻌﺑإ ﺐﺠﻳ ﱄﺎﺘﻟﺎﺑو ،ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻪﻴﻓ ﻚﺒﺸﻳ يﺬﻟا
ّ
ﺮﻘﳌا ﰲ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻟﺎﺜﺣ ﻒﻠﺨﺘﺗ نأ ﻦﻜ ،لﻌﺘﺳﻻا ﻊﻣ
.(٤ ﻞﻜﺷ) ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻚﺒﺷ نوﺪﺑ يﺮﺠﻳ ءﺎﳌا كﺮﺗ وأ (١٢ ﻞﻜﺷ) ﺞﻨﻔﺳإ ﺔﺤﺴﻤﻣو نﺎﻨﺳﻷا
“ﻮﻨﻴﺸﺗ
ّ
ﺒﻛ ﴘﻛﺎﻣ” ﺔﻴﻟآ ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ
!ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ
.قاﱰﺣﻻا ﻦﻣ ﺎﻓﻮﺧ درﺎﺑ موﺮﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﲇﻄﳌا بﻮﺒﻧﻷا نﻮﻜﻳ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ ﺎﻘﺣﻻ ﺔﻨﻴﺒﳌا تﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا ﻊﺒﺗا
ﻦﻣ ﻮﻨﻴﺸﺗ
ّ
ﺒﻜﻟا داﺪﻋإ ﺔﻴﻟآ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﺪﻋأ .ﺔّﻛﺎﺣ ﻏ ﺔﺤﺴﻤﻣ ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ بﻮﺒﻧﻷا ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ ﻦﻜ .يرﺎﺠﻟا ءﺎﳌﺎﺑ ﺎﻬﻠﺴﻏا ﻢﺛ ،بﻮﺒﻧﻷا ﻦﻋ (M) ﺔ
ّ
ﻴﻟﻵا
ّ
ﻚﻓ
رﺎﺨﺒﻟا جﺮﺧأ ،ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا لﻌﺘﺳا ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻢﺘﻳ ةﺮﻣ ﻞﻛ ﰲ .رﺎﺨﺒﻟا جوﺮﺧ ﺐﻘﺛ ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟ سﻮﺑد ﻞﻤﻌﺘﺳا ،ةروﴬﻟا ﺪﻨﻋ .رﺎﺴﳌا ﺔﻳﺎﻬﻧ ﺔﻳﺎﻏ ﱃإ ﺎﻬّﻔﻟ لﻼﺧ
.تﺎﺒﺳﱰﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺐﻘﺜﻟا ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺘﻟ اﻮﺛ ﻊﻀﺒﻟ
ناﺰﺨﻟا ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ
.ﺔﺒﻃر شﻗ ﺔﻌﻄﻗ وأ ﺞﻨﻔﺳإ ﺔﺤﺴﻤﻣ لﻌﺘﺳا لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣو يرود ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ناﺰﺨﻟا ﻞﺧاد ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ ﺢﺼﻨﻳ
تاﺮﻄﻘﻟا ﻊﻴﻤﺠﺗ ضﻮﺣو ﺔﻜﺒﺸﻟا ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ
.(A) تاﺮﻄﻘﻟا ﻊﻴﻤﺠﺗ ضﻮﺣ ﻎﻳﺮﻔﺗ ﺮﺧﻷاو ﺤﻟا ﺑ ﺮﻛﺬﺗ
رﺎﺠﻟا ءﺎﳌﺎﺑ ﻪﻠﺴﻏاو ﻪﻏ
ّ
ﺮﻓ ﻢﺛ ،ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻦﻣ (A) تاﺮﻄﻘﻟا ﻊﻴﻤﺠﺗ ضﻮﺣ ﺐﺤﺳا ;يرﺎﺠﻟا ءﺎﳌا ﺖﺤﺗ ﺎﻬﻠﺴﻏاو (B) ﺔﻜﺒﺸﻟا ﺪﻌﺑأ
ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻢﺴﺟ ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ
!ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ
.ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻢﺴﺟ ﻒﻠﺗ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻓﻮﺧ ﺔّﻛﺎﺣ ﻏو ﺔﺒﻃر ﺔﺤﺴﻤﻣ لﻌﺘﺳا لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻦﻣ ﺔﺘﺑﺎﺜﻟا ءاﺰﺟﻷا ﻒ
ّ
ﻈﻧ
ﺔﻴﺴﻠﻜﻟا تﺎﺒﺳﱰﻟا ﺔﻟازإ
ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﰲ ﻦﻜﻟو .ﺎﻬﻠﺧاﺪﺑ ﺔﻴﺴﻠﻜﻟا تﺎﺒﺳﱰﻟا ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ ﻦﻣ ﺪﺤﻟاو ﻢﻈﺘﻨﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺎﻬﻔﻴﻈﻨﺗ لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺖﻗﻮﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺔﻠﻳﻮﻃ ةﺪﳌ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﲆﻋ ظﺎﻔﺤﻟا ﻢﺘﻳ
ﻞﻤﻌﻟا ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟا هﺬﻫ ﰲ ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺲﻠﻜﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻋ ﺔﺒﺴﻧ ﲆﻋ يﻮﺘﺤﻳ ﳼﺎﻗ ءﺎﻣ لﻌﺘﺳﻻ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﺖﻗﻮﻟا ﻦﻣ ةﱰﻓ ﺪﻌﺑ ةذﺎﺷ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻄﺑ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻞﻤﻋ
ﻚﻳﱰﺴﻟا ﺾﻣﺎﺣ ﻦﻣ نﻮﻜﳌا NOCAL ﺞﺘﻨﻣ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻞﻤﻌﺘﺴﻳ ضﺮﻐﻟا اﺬﻬﻟو .ﺔﻨﻴﻛﻠﻟ ذﺎﺸﻟا ﻞﻤﻌﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺴﻠﻜﻟا تﺎﺒﺳﱰﻟا ﺔﻟازإ ﲆﻋ
ﻦﻋ ﺔﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ يأ Ariete ﺔﻛﴍ ﻞﻤﺤﺘﺗ .Ariete ﺔﻛﴩﻟ ﺔﻌﺑﺎﺘﻟا ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺼﻟا ﺰﻛاﺮﻣ ﰲ ﺔﻟﻮﻬﺴﺑ ﺞﺘﻨﳌا اﺬﻫ ﲆﻋ رﻮﺜﻌﻟا ﻦﻜ .Ariete ﺔﻛﴍ ﻪﺠﺘﻨﺗ يﺬﻟاو
ﺔﻟازﻹ ﺔﺟﺎﺤﻟا ﺖﻋد اذإ .ﺔﻳوﻴﻛ تﺎﻓﺎﻀﻣ ﲆﻋ يﻮﺘﺤﺗ ﺔﻘﺋﻻ ﻏ تﺎﺠﺘﻨﻣ لﻌﺘﺳﻻ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻧ ،ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌ ﺔﻴﻠﺧاﺪﻟا تﺎﺒﻛﺮﳌﺎﺑ ﻖﺤﻠﺗ ﻲﺘﻟا راﻷا
ﺮﻐﻟا اﺬﻬﻟ صﺎﺨﻟا ﺞﺘﻨﳌا ﻊﻣ ﺔﻘﻓﺮﳌا تﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺎﺑ ﺪﻴﻘﺘﻟا ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺔﻴﺴﻠﻜﻟا تﺎﺒﺳﱰﻟا
ﻞﻤﻌﻟا ﻦﻋ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا فﺎﻘﻳإ
جاﺮﺧإو زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﺔﻟﺎﻣﻹ ﺾﺒﻘﳌا لﻌﺘﺳا .ءﺎﳌا ﻦﻣ ناﺰﺨﻟا غ
ّ
ﺮﻓ .ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺔﻜﺒﺸﻟا ﻦﻋ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻞﺼﻓ ﺐﺠﻳ ،زﺎﻬﺠﻟا لﻌﺘﺳا ﻦﻋ ﻒﻗﻮﺘﻟا ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﰲ
ﻊﻴﻤﺠﺗ ضﻮﺣ غ
ّ
ﺮﻓ .ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ءاﺰﺟﻷا ﻞﺧاد ﱃإ ب
ّ
ﴪﺘﻳو ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺢﻴﺗﺎﻔﳌا ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣ ءﺎﳌا ﻞ
ّ
ﻠﺒﻳ ﻻ نأ ﲆﻋ مﺎﺘﻟا صﺮﺤﻟا ﻊﻣ ،ﺔﻫ
ّ
ﻮﻔﻟا ﻦﻣ ءﺎﳌا
.(“زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ” ةﺮﻘﻓ ﻊﺟار) ﻪﻔ
ّ
ﻈﻧو تاﺮﻄﻘﻟا
94
SA
ﻞﻛﺎﺸﳌا ﺾﻌﺑ ﻞﺤﻟ تادﺎﺷرإ
!ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ
.ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺬﺧﺄﳌا ﻦﻣ ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟا ﺐﺤﺳو ﺎﻬﺋﺎﻔﻃإ رﻮﻔﻟا ﲆﻋ ﺐﺠﻳ ،ة
ّ
ذﺎﺷ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻄﺑ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻞﻤﻋ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﰲ
ﺔﻠﻜﺸﳌاﻦﻜﻤﳌا ﺐﺒﺴﻟاﻞﻤﻌﻟا ﺎﻣ
ﲆﻐﻳ ءﺎﻣ عزﻮﺗ ﻻ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا
.ﺔﻋﻮﻘﻨﳌا تﺎﺑوﴩﻤﻠﻟ
ﻣ ،ءﺎﳌا ةرود ﰲ ءاﻮﻫ لﻮﺧد ﻞﻤﺘﺤﻳ
.ﺔﺨﻀﳌا ﻞﻤﻋ لﺎﻄﺑإ ﱃإ ىدأ
ءﺎﻣ ﻒﺿأ ﻢﺛ ،ناﺰﺨﻟا ﻞﺧاد ﻢﻈﺘﻨﻣ ءﺎﳌا ىﻮﺘﺴﻣ نأ ﻦﻣ ﻖﻘﺤﺗ
ﻞﺣاﺮﳌا ” ةﺮﻘﻓ ﰲ ﺔﻨﻴﺒﳌا تﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا ﺪﻋأ .ةروﴬﻟا ﺪﻨﻋ جزﺎﻃ ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ
.“لﻌﺘﺳﻼﻟ ﺔﻴﻟوﻷا
رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻪﻨﻣ جﺮﺨﻳ يﺬﻟا ﻢﻠﻘﻟا ﺐﻘﺛ
وﺪﺴﻣ
.سﻮﺑد ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ ﻢﻠﻘﻟا ﺐﻘﺛ داﺪﺴﻧا ﱃإ تدأ ﻲﺘﻟا تﺎﺒﺳﱰﻟا ﺪﻌﺑأ
ﺐﻧاﻮﺟ ﻦﻣ رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ب
ّ
ﴪﺗ
.ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ
لﺎﺧدإ ﻦﻤﺿ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ يﺮﺠﻳ
ﺔﻔﻴﻇو
ّ
رز نأ ﻦﻣ ﻖﻘﺤﺗ .ﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﺔﻔﻴﻇو
.يﻮﻔﻋ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﻪﻄﻐﺿ ﻢﺘﻳ  رﺎﺨﺒﻟا
.رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﺔﻔﻴﻇو ءﺎﻨﺜﺘﺳﻻ (N) رﺰﻟا ﲆﻋ ﻂﻐﺿا .ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ ﻒﻗوأ
أﺪﺒﺗ ﻟ ،ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻦﻣ (O) ﺔﻴﺋﻮﻀﻟا ةرﺎﺷﻹا ﺄﻔﻄﺗ نأ ﺔﻳﺎﻏ ﱃإ ﺮﻈﺘﻧا
.ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﻣ نﺎﺠﻨﻓ داﺪﻋﺈﺑ
.ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻦﻣ رﺎﺨﺑ جﺮﺨﻳ ﻻ ﻻ ﺔﺨﻀﳌا ﱄﺎﺘﻟﺎﺑو ،ﻞﻴﻠﻗ ءﺎﻣ ﺪﺟﻮﻳ
.ﻂﻔﺸﺗ
ءﺎﻣ ﻒﺿأ ﻢﺛ ،ناﺰﺨﻟا ﻞﺧاد ﻢﻈﺘﻨﻣ ءﺎﳌا ىﻮﺘﺴﻣ نأ ﻦﻣ ﻖﻘﺤﺗ
روﴬﻟا ﺪﻨﻋ جزﺎﻃ ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ
رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻪﻨﻣ جﺮﺨﻳ يﺬﻟا ﻢﻠﻘﻟا ﺐﻘﺛ
وﺪﺴﻣ
.سﻮﺑد ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ ﻢﻠﻘﻟا ﺐﻘﺛ داﺪﺴﻧا ﱃإ تدأ ﻲﺘﻟا تﺎﺒﺳﱰﻟا ﺪﻌﺑأ
ﺐﻧاﻮﺟ ﻦﻣ ب
ّ
ﴪﺘﺗ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا
.ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ
ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﻣ ةﺪﺋاز ﺔﻴﻤﻛ ﻊﺿو ﻞﻤﺘﺤﻳ
ﻦﻣ ﻊﻨﻣ ﻣ ،ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﰲ ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﳌا
.ﺔﻳﺎﻬﻨﻟا ﻰﺘﺣ ه
ّ
ﺮﻘﻣ ﰲ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ
ّ
ﺪﺷ
يدﺆﻳ نأ ﻦﻜ ﻒ
ّ
ﻠﺨﺘﳌا ﻂﻐﻀﻟا نﻷ ،ءﻂﺒﺑ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﺪﻌﺑأو ﻚﻓ
ﺎﻳﺎﻘﺑ ﻦﻣ بﴪﺘﻟا ﻊﻨﻣ قﻮﻃ ﻒ
ّ
ﻈﻧ .ﻞﺋاﻮﺴﻟا ﻖﻓﺪﺗ وأ ﻖﺷر ﱃإ
ﻞﻜﺷ) ﺞﻨﻔﺳﻹا ﻦﻣ ﺔﺤﺴﻤﻣو نﺎﻨﺳﻷا ﺶﻜﻧ دﻮﻋ ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا
ﻞﺧاد ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺔﺤﻴﺤﺻ ﺔﻴﻤﻛ ﻊﺿو ةﺎﻋاﺮﻣ ﻊﻣ ،ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا ﺪﻋأ .(12
.ﱰﻠﻔﻟا
ﻊﻨﻣ قﻮﻃ ﲆﻋ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺎﻳﺎﻘﺑ ﺪﺟﻮﺗ
ﻪﺑ ﻚﺒﺸﻳ يﺬﻟا
ّ
ﺮﻘﳌا ﰲ ﺐﻛﺮﳌا بﴪﺘﻟا
.ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ
ﺶﻜﻧ دﻮﻋ ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺎﻳﺎﻘﺑ ﻦﻣ بﴪﺘﻟا ﻊﻨﻣ قﻮﻃ ﻒ
ّ
ﻈﻧ
.(12 ﻞﻜﺷ) ﺞﻨﻔﺳﻹا ﻦﻣ ﺔﺤﺴﻤﻣو نﺎﻨﺳﻷا
وﺪﺴﻣ نﻮﻜﻴﻠﻴﺴﻟا صﺮﻗ ﺐﻘﺛ ﲆﻋ ﻪﻴﻨﺛ ﻊﻣ ،يرﺎﺠﻟا ءﺎﳌا ﺖﺤﺗ (I) نﻮﻜﻴﻠﻴﺴﻟا صﺮﻗ ﻞﺴﻏا
.(11 ﻞﻜﺷ) ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻖﻴﻗد ﺎﻳﺎﻘﺑ ﻦﻣ يﺰﻛﺮﳌا ﺐﻘﺜﻟا ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺘﻟ ﺐﻧاﻮﺠﻟا
ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﺑ ﻊﺿﻮﺗ يﺬﻟا ﱰﻠﻔﻟا بﻮﻘﺛ
.ةدوﺪﺴﻣ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا
يدﺆﻳ نأ ﻦﻜ ﻒ
ّ
ﻠﺨﺘﳌا ﻂﻐﻀﻟا نﻷ ،ءﻂﺒﺑ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﺪﻌﺑأو ﻚﻓ
ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ ةدوﺪﺴﳌا ﱰﻠﻔﻟا بﻮﻘﺛ ﻒ
ّ
ﻈﻧ .ﻞﺋاﻮﺴﻟا ﻖﻓﺪﺗ وأ ﻖﺷر ﱃإ
COFFEE صاﺮﻗأ لﻌﺘﺳا لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﺴﻏا .سﻮ
ّ
ﺑد وأ ةﺎﺷﺮﻓ
ﰲ ﺔﻨﻴﺒﳌا تﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟا عﺎﺒﺗا ﻊﻣ Ariete ﺔﻛﴍ ﺎﻬﺠﺘﻨﺗ ﻲﺘﻟا CLEAN
.ﺔﺒﻠﻌﻟا
.ﺔﺤﻟﺎﺻ ﻏ صﺮﻘﻟا.ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﰲ ﺪﺟاﻮﺘﳌا صﺮﻘﻟا لﺪﺒﺘﺳا
95
SA
ﺔﻠﻜﺸﳌاﻦﻜﻤﳌا ﺐﺒﺴﻟاﻞﻤﻌﻟا ﺎﻣ
جﺮﺨﺗ وأ جﺮﺨﺗ ﻻ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا
.ﺔﻳﺎﻐﻠﻟ ءﻲﻄﺑ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ
ّ
ﺮﻘﻣ ﰲ ﺪﺟاﻮﺘﳌا بﻮﻘﺜﳌا صﺮﻘﻟا بﻮﻘﺛ
.ةدوﺪﺴﻣ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻚﺒﺷ
 اذإ .ﻞﻜﺸﻟا اﺬﻬﺑ ءﺎﳌا جﺮﺨﻳ ﻟ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ نوﺪﺑ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻞﻐﺷ
ﲆﻋ ﻞﻤﻌﻟا ﺐﺠﻳ ،بﻮﻘﺜﻟا ﻊﻴﻤﺟ ﻦﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺠﺘﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ءﺎﳌا جﺮﺨﻳ
NOCAL ﺞﺘﻨﻣ ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ ﺔﻴﺴﻠﻜﻟا تﺎﺒﺳﱰﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ
ﺰﻛاﺮﻣ ﻦﻣ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ لﻮﺼﺤﻟا ﻦﻜ يﺬﻟاو Ariete ﺔﻛﴍ ﻪﺠﺘﻨﺗ يﺬﻟا
.ﺔﺒﻠﻌﻟا ﰲ ﺔﻨﻴﺒﳌا تﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺎﺑ ﺪﻴﻘﺘﻟا ﻊﻣ ﺔﻛﴩﻠﻟ ﺔﻌﺑﺎﺘﻟا ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺼﻟا
ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﺑ ﻊﺿﻮﺗ يﺬﻟا ﱰﻠﻔﻟا بﻮﻘﺛ
.ةدوﺪﺴﻣ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا
يدﺆﻳ نأ ﻦﻜ ﻒ
ّ
ﻠﺨﺘﳌا ﻂﻐﻀﻟا نﻷ ،ءﻂﺒﺑ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﺪﻌﺑأو ﻚﻓ
ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ ةدوﺪﺴﳌا ﱰﻠﻔﻟا بﻮﻘﺛ ﻒ
ّ
ﻈﻧ .ﻞﺋاﻮﺴﻟا ﻖﻓﺪﺗ وأ ﻖﺷر ﱃإ
COFFEE صاﺮﻗأ لﻌﺘﺳا لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﺴﻏا .سﻮ
ّ
ﺑد وأ ةﺎﺷﺮﻓ
ﰲ ﺔﻨﻴﺒﳌا تﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟا عﺎﺒﺗا ﻊﻣ Ariete ﺔﻛﴍ ﺎﻬﺠﺘﻨﺗ ﻲﺘﻟا CLEAN
.ﺔﺒﻠﻌﻟا
.اﺪﺟ ﺔﻤﻋﺎﻧ ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﳌا ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا.ﻦﺸﺧأ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﻣ ةﻮﻬﻗ لﻌﺘﺳا لوﺎﺣ
.ﺪﺋاز ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺔﻃﻮﻐﻀﻣ ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﳌا ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا.ﻞﻗأ لﺪﻌ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﺧاد ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻂﻐﺿا
.ﺪﻴﺟ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﻞﺧﺪﻣ ﻏ ناﺰﺨﻟا.ﺔﻳﺎﻬﻨﻟا ﻰﺘﺣ ﻪﻌﻓد لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻴﺟ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ناﺰﺨﻟا ﻞﺧدأ
وﺪﺴﻣ نﻮﻜﻴﻠﻴﺴﻟا صﺮﻗ ﺐﻘﺛ ﺐﻧاﻮﺠﻟا ﲆﻋ ﻪﻴﻨﺛ ﻊﻣ ،يرﺎﺠﻟا ءﺎﳌا ﺖﺤﺗ نﻮﻜﻴﻠﻴﺴﻟا صﺮﻗ ﻞﺴﻏا
.(11 ﻞﻜﺷ) ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻖﻴﻗد ﺎﻳﺎﻘﺑ ﻦﻣ يﺰﻛﺮﳌا ﺐﻘﺜﻟا ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺘﻟ
ﻻ ﺔﺨﻀﳌا ﱄﺎﺘﻟﺎﺑو ،ﻞﻴﻠﻗ ءﺎﻣ ﺪﺟﻮﻳ
.ﻂﻔﺸﺗ
ءﺎﻣ ﻒﺿأ ﻢﺛ ،ناﺰﺨﻟا ﻞﺧاد ﻢﻈﺘﻨﻣ ءﺎﳌا ىﻮﺘﺴﻣ نأ ﻦﻣ ﻖﻘﺤﺗ
روﴬﻟا ﺪﻨﻋ جزﺎﻃ ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ
.ﺔﺤﻟﺎﺻ ﻏ صﺮﻘﻟا.ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﰲ ﺪﺟاﻮﺘﳌا صﺮﻘﻟا لﺪﺒﺘﺳا
رﻮﺴﻜﻣ صﺮﻘﻟا ﺔﺤﺴﻤﻣ ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ ﺮﻘﳌا ﻒ
ّ
ﻈﻧ ﻢﺛ صاﺮﻗﻷﺎﺑ صﺎﺨﻟا ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﺪﻌﺑأ
.ﺪﻳﺪﺟ صﺮﻗ ﻞﺧدأ ﺎﻫﺪﻌﺑأ ﻦﻣو ،ﺞﻨﻔﺳإ
.ةدرﺎﺑو اﺪﺟ ﺔﻔﻴﻔﺧ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا.اﺪﺟ ﻦﺸﺧ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﻣ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ةﻮﻬﻗ لﻌﺘﺳا ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺔﻨﺧﺎﺳو (ﺔﻠﻴﻘﺛ) ةﺰﻛﺮﻣ ةﻮﻬﻗ ﲆﻋ لﻮﺼﺤﻠﻟ
هﺬﻫ ﻦﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻟا ﻢﺘﻳ ،لاﻮﺣﻷا ﻊﻴﻤﺟ ﰲ .ﻢﻌﻧأ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﻣ
ةﻮﻬﻗ ﲆﻋ لﻮﺼﺤﻟا ﻦﻤﻀﻳ يﺬﻟا “ﻢﻳﺮﻛﻮﻣﺛ” مﺎﻈﻧ ﻞﻀﻔﺑ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﳌا
.ﻦﺸﺧ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﻣ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﻮﻟ ﻰﺘﺣ ﺔﻤﺳدو اﺪﺟ ﺔﻨﺧﺎﺳ
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ARIETE Moka Aroma 1337/41 Manual de usuario

Tipo
Manual de usuario