ARIETE 1318 Moderna Manual de usuario

Marca: ARIETE

Modelo: 1318 Moderna

Tipo: Manual de usuario

COD. 4085100700 REV. 0 del 05/07/2019

827070

De’ Longhi Appliances Srl

Divisione Commerciale Ariete

Via San Quirico, 300

50013 Campi Bisenzio (FI)

E-Mail: [email protected]

Internet: www.ariete.net

800-809065

Macchina da caffè

Coffee maker

Machine à cafè

Kaffeemaschine

Máquina de café

Espressomachine

ȀĮĳİĲȚİȡĮ

Ʉɨɮɟɜɚɪɤɚɷɫɩɪɟɫɫɨ

Ʉɚɜɨɜɚɪɤɚ

Ekspres do kawy

Kaffemaskine

1318

Fig. 2

Fig. 1

Fig. 5

Fig. 10

Fig. 21

Fig. 4

Fig. 3

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

Fig. 15

Fig. 12 Fig. 13

Fig. 17

Fig. 14

Fig. 16

Fig. 20 Fig. 22

Fig. 11

Fig. 23

RST

Fig. 25Fig. 24

Fig. 9

Fig. 18 Fig. 19

Fig. 6

Fig. 26

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Le informazioni riportate in questo manuale sono marcate dai seguenti simboli che indicano:

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K - Vasca raccogligocce

L - Macinacaffè

M - Contenitore del caffè in grani

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P - Coperchio serbatoio

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della macchina:

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ISTRUZIONI PER L’USO

Messa in funzione

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pulsante erogazione caffè

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caldaia interna

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Si consiglia di ripetere questa operazione ogni volta che la macchina viene riaccesa dopo diversi

giorni di non utilizzo.

COME FARE IL CAFFÈ

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Se inserite pochi chicchi di caffè per volta potrete gustare un caffè con la miscela sempre fresca.

Non introdurre mai caffè in polvere nel contenitore del caffè in grani (M).

Regolazione del grado di macinatura

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VEORFFR2GHOFRQWHQLWRUHGHOFDIIq Ruotare il contenitore del caffè in senso orario se si desidera una grana

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Erogazione del caffè

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Premere il pulsante di accensione

 

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caffè

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caldaia interna

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 

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da ritenersi assolutamente normale.

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Funzione autospegnimento

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la macchina premendo il pulsante di accensione  $WWHQGHUHFKHODVSLDGHOSXOVDQWHGLHURJD]LRQHFDIIq

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Riempimento del serbatoio d’acqua durante l’uso

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COME FARE UN CAPPUCCINO

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remere il pulsante

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caldaia interna

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tuali residui di latte.

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RIUTILIZZO PER CAFFÈ

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CONSIGLI UTILI PER OTTENERE UN BUON ESPRESSO ALL’ITALIANA

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MANUTENZIONE DELL’APPARECCHIO

Sblocco del macinacaffè

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presente sulla macchina )LJLe impurità che hanno bloccato la macina cadranno nel condotto del caffè

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PULIZIA DELL’APPARECCHIO

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ribili in commercio, procedendo nel seguente modo:

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Pulizia del tubo vapore

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Attenzione!

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Pulizia della griglia e della vasca raccogligocce

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DECALCIFICAZIONE

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WITH REGARD TO THIS MANUAL

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RESIDUAL RISKS

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DESCRIPTION OF THE PARTS

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INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE

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HOW TO MAKE COFFEE

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A PROPÓSITO DE ESTE MANUAL

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Las informaciones contenidas en este manual están marcadas por los siguientes símbolos que indican:

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ADVERTENCIAS IMPORTANTES PARA LA SEGURIDAD

LEA ATENTAMENTE ESTAS INSTRUCCIONES.

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lares a los domésticos, como por ejemplo:

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Advertencia relativa a quemaduras

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Atención – daños materiales

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partes calientes se hayan enfriado, el aparato se podrá limpiar únicamente con un

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DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS COMPONENTES

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J - Rejilla apoyatazas

K - Bandeja recolectora de gotas

L - Molinillo de café

M - Contenedor del café en granos

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O - Palanca de desbloqueo del contenedor del café

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En la etiqueta colocada debajo de la base de apoyo de la máquina se indican los siguientes datos de identi-

¿FDFLyQGHODPiTXLQD

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 SRWHQFLDHOpFWULFDDEVRUELGD:

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PDWUtFXOD

INSTRUCCIONES DE USO

Puesta en función

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Primer encendido

Controle que la tensión de la red doméstica sea igual que la indicada en la tarjeta con los datos técnicos del

DSDUDWR

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(QJDQFKHHOSRUWD¿OWURHQVXDORMDPLHQWRVLQSRQHUQLQJ~Q¿OWUR

Presionar el botón de encendido

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el indicador luminoso del botón de erogación del café

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se enciende de forma continua, lo que indica que la

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

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Se recomienda repetir esta operación cada vez que se vuelve a poner en marcha la máquina después

de varios días de inactividad.

CÓMO HACER EL CAFÉ

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Si introduce pocos granos de café cada vez podrá disfrutar de un café con la mezcla siempre fresca.

Nunca ponga café molido en el contenedor de café en granos (M).

Ajuste del grado de molido

(OFDIpVHSXHGHPROHUPiVRPHQRV¿QDPHQWHVHJ~QHOJUDGRGHPROLHQGDGHVHDGR

(OJUDGRGHPROLHQGDGHOFDIpDIHFWDDOVDERUPiVRPHQRVIXHUWH\DODFDOLGDGGHODFUHPD8VWHGSXHGH

KDFHUSUXHEDVFDPELDQGRHVWHSDUiPHWURSDUDHQFRQWUDUHOVDERUSHUIHFWRSDUDVXFDIp

(QHOUHFLSLHQWHGHFDIpHQJUDQRVKD\XQDHVFDODGHD/RVQ~PHURVPiVDOWRVFRUUHVSRQGHQDXQD

PROLHQGDPiVJUXHVD/RVQ~PHURVPiVEDMRVFRUUHVSRQGHQDXQDPROLHQGDPiV¿QD7UDWHGHKDFHUXQ

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SDUDVXFDIp

3DUDDMXVWDUHOJUDGRGHPROLHQGDGHOFDIpPROLGR¿QRRPROLGRJUXHVRSUHVLRQHKDFLDDEDMRODSDODQFD

GHGHVEORTXHR2GHOFRQWHQHGRUGHOFDIp*LUHHOFRQWHQHGRUGHOFDIpKDFLDODGHUHFKDVHQWLGRKRUDULR

VLTXLHUHXQPROLGR¿QRRKDFLDODL]TXLHUGDVHQWLGRDQWLKRUDULRVLGHVHDXQPROLGRPiVJUXHVR)LJ

¡Atención!

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/DRSHUDFLyQGHEHUHDOL]DUVHVLHPSUHFRQODWDSD1GHOFRQWHQHGRUGHOFDIpHQJUDQRVPRQWDGD

Erogación del café

,QWURGX]FDODFODYLMDHQODWRPDGHFRUULHQWH

Presionar el botón de encendido

 

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botón de erogación del café

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¡Atención!

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Función de auto apagado

Esta máquina para hacer el café esta equipada con un sistema de apagado automático conforme a las nue-

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del botón de erogación del café  VHHQFLHQGD¿MR

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MANTENIMIENTO DEL APARATO

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 ,QWHUUXPSDHOVXPLQLVWUR\GHMDUTXHODSDVWLOODFXPSODFRQVXIXQFLyQSRUORPHQRVSRUPLQXWRVGHMDQGR

HOSRUWD¿OWURPRQWDGRHQODPiTXLQD

 5HSLWDODRSHUDFLyQGHHURJDFLyQGHODJXD'HMHUHSRVDUGXUDQWHRWURVVHJXQGRV5HSLWDORVSDVRV

KDVWDDJRWDUGRVGHSyVLWRVGHDJXD

 4XLWHHOSRUWD¿OWURGHODPiTXLQDH[WUDLJDHO¿OWUR\HQMXiJXHORELHQFRQDJXDFRUULHQWHGHOJULIR



Apague la máquina, desconecte el cable de alimentación de la toma de corriente y limpie con una esponja

HODVLHQWRGHHQJDQFKHGHOSRUWD¿OWUR)LJSDUDHOLPLQDUHYHQWXDOHVUHVLGXRVGHGHWHUJHQWHGHODGXFKD

 (QFLHQGDQXHYDPHQWHODPiTXLQDHQJDQFKHQXHYDPHQWHHOSUH¿OWUR\GHMDUVDOLUSRUORPHQRVRWUDVGRV

WD]DVGHDJXDSDUDWHUPLQDUHOHQMXDJXH

6LODPiTXLQDGHOFDIpVHXVDWRGRVORVGtDVVHUHFRPLHQGDUHDOL]DUODVRSHUDFLRQHVGHOLPSLH]DSRUORPHQRV

FDGDWUHVPHVHV

Limpieza de los componentes

¡Atención!

/DRSHUDFLyQGHOLPSLH]DGHEHOOHYDUVHDFDERFRQODPiTXLQDDSDJDGD\FRQHOHQFKXIHHOpFWULFR

GHVFRQHFWDGRGHODWRPDGHFRUULHQWH

¡Atención!

/DRSHUDFLyQGHOLPSLH]DVHGHEHHIHFWXDUFXDQGRHODSDUDWRKDDOFDQ]DGRODWHPSHUDWXUDDPELHQWH

/DYHHOGHSyVLWRGHDJXDHOSRUWD¿OWUR\HO¿OWURHQDJXD\MDEyQ(QMXDJXHELHQ\VHTXHWRGDVODVSLH]DV

¡Atención!

/LPSLHODVSDUWHV¿MDVGHODPiTXLQDXWLOL]DQGRXQSDxRK~PHGRQRDEUDVLYRSDUDHYLWDUGDxDUHO

HQYROYHQWH

/LPSLH]DGHODVHGHGHOSRUWDÀOWUR

&RQHOXVRHQHODVLHQWRGHHQJDQFKHGHOSRUWD¿OWURSXHGHFUHDUVHXQDVHGLPHQWDFLyQGHSRVRVGHFDIpTXH

VHSXHGHQTXLWDUFRQXQSDOLOORGHGLHQWHVXQDHVSRQMD)LJRGHMDQGRFRUUHUHODJXDVLQHOSRUWD¿OWUR

LQWURGXFLGR)LJ

¡Atención!

1RODYHHOSRUWD¿OWURHQHOODYDYDMLOODV

Limpieza del tubo vapor

&DGDYH]TXHVHXVDKD\TXHGHMDUIXQFLRQDUHOHURJDGRUGHYDSRUGXUDQWHXQRVVHJXQGRVSDUDOLEHUDUHO

RUL¿FLRGHHYHQWXDOHVUHVLGXRV

¡Atención!

5HDOL]DUODRSHUDFLyQFXDQGRHOWXERFURPDGRHVWpIUtRSDUDHYLWDUTXHPDGXUDV

6LHVQHFHVDULRGHVHQURVTXHGHOWXERODERTXLOODGHOYDSRU)LJ\OiYHODFRQDJXDFRUULHQWH(OWXERVH

SXHGHOLPSLDUFRQXQSDxRQRDEUDVLYR9XHOYDDHQURVFDUODERTXLOODGHYDSRUKDVWDHOWRSH6LQHFHVDULR

OLPSLDUFRQXQDO¿OHUHORUL¿FLRGHVDOLGDGHOYDSRU)LJ

Limpieza de la rejilla y de la bandeja recolectora de gotas

¡Atención!

/DRSHUDFLyQGHOLPSLH]DGHEHOOHYDUVHDFDERFRQODPiTXLQDDSDJDGD\FRQHOHQFKXIHHOpFWULFR

GHVFRQHFWDGRGHODWRPDGHFRUULHQWH

¡Atención!

/DRSHUDFLyQGHOLPSLH]DVHGHEHHIHFWXDUFXDQGRHODSDUDWRKDDOFDQ]DGRODWHPSHUDWXUDDPELHQWH

5HFXHUGHTXHGHEHYDFLDUGHYH]HQFXDQGRODEDQGHMDGHJRWHR

4XLWHODUHMLOODGHDSR\RSDUDODVWD]DV-

4XLWHODEDQGHMDGHJRWHR.GHODSDUDWRYDFtHOD\OiYHODEDMRHODJXDFRUULHQWH

/DYHWDPELpQODUHMLOODGHDSR\RGHODVWD]DV

DESCALCIFICACIÓN

8QEXHQPDQWHQLPLHQWR\XQDUHJXODUOLPSLH]DSUHVHUYDQ\PDQWLHQHQH¿FLHQWHODPiTXLQDGXUDQWHXQSHULR-

GRPD\RUOLPLWDQGRHQRUPHPHQWHORVULHVJRVGHIRUPDFLyQGHGHSyVLWRVGHFDOHQHODSDUDWR6LDSHVDUGH

HOORGHVSXpVGHDOJ~QWLHPSRHOIXQFLRQDPLHQWRGHODSDUDWRHVWXYLHVHFRPSURPHWLGRFRPRFRQVHFXHQFLD

GHOHPSOHRIUHFXHQWHGHDJXDGXUD\FRQPXFKDFDOVHSXHGHSURFHGHUDODGHVFDOFL¿FDFLyQGHODPiTXLQD

SDUDHOLPLQDUHOIXQFLRQDPLHQWRGHIHFWXRVR3DUDHVWH¿QXWLOLFHXQDJHQWHGHGHVFDOFL¿FDFLyQDEDVHGHiFLGR

FtWULFR(VWHSURGXFWRVHSXHGHHQFRQWUDUIiFLOPHQWHHQORV&HQWURVGH$VLVWHQFLD7pFQLFD(O)DEULFDQWHQR

DVXPHQLQJXQDUHVSRQVDELOLGDGSRUGDxRVDORVFRPSRQHQWHVLQWHUQRVGHODSDUDWRFDXVDGRVSRUHOXVRGH

SURGXFWRVQRFRQIRUPHVGHELGRDODSUHVHQFLDGHDGLWLYRVTXtPLFRV(QHOFDVRGHWHQHUTXHUHDOL]DUXQD

GHVFDOFL¿FDFLyQVLJDODVLQGLFDFLRQHVGHOPDQXDOGHLQVWUXFFLRQHVGHOSURGXFWRGHVFDOFL¿FDGRU

PUESTA FUERA DE SERVICIO

6LVHSRQHIXHUDGHVHUYLFLRHODSDUDWRHVQHFHVDULRGHVFRQHFWDUODFODYLMDGHDOLPHQWDFLyQGHODWRPDGHFR-

UULHQWHYDFLDUHOGHSyVLWRGHODJXD\ODEDQGHMDGHJRWHR\OLPSLDUODYpDVHHOSiUUDIR©/LPSLH]DGHODSDUDWRª

En el caso de desguace, hay que separar los distintos materiales utilizados para la construcción de la má-

quina y proceder a la eliminación de los mismos sobre la base de su composición y según las disposiciones

YLJHQWHVHQHOSDtVGHXVR

GUÍA DE SOLUCIÓN DE PROBLEMAS

¡Atención!

(QFDVRGHPDOIXQFLRQDPLHQWRDSDJXHGHLQPHGLDWRHODSDUDWR\GHVFRQHFWHODFODYLMDGHODWRPD

GHFRUULHQWH

352%/(0$6 &$86$6 62/8&,21(6

La máquina no

VXPLQLVWUDYDSRU

Hay poca agua y la bomba no

DVSLUD

Controlar que el depósito de agua esté bien

LQWURGXFLGR\FRQWURODUTXHHOQLYHOGHODJXDHQHO

GHSyVLWRVHDDGHFXDGR

Llenar con agua sin gas fresca a temperatura

DPELHQWHKDVWDHOQLYHOLQGLFDGRFRQ0$;

2UL¿FLRGHVDOLGDGHOYDSRU

REVWUXLGR

&RQHODO¿OHUHQGRWDFLyQGHVREVWUXLUHYHQWXDOHV

GHSyVLWRVTXHVHKD\DQIRUPDGRHQORVRUL¿FLRV

GHOWXERGHOYDSRU

El café contiene

mucha agua y

HVWiIUtR

El café ha sido molido demasiado

JUXHVR

Para obtener un café más concentrado y más

caliente, se debe usar una mezcla de café molido

PiV¿QR

Molinillo

EORTXHDGR

Probable presencia de impurezas

HQWUHORVJUDQRVGHFDIp

9pDVHHOSiUUDIR'HVEORTXHRGHOPROLQLOORGH

FDIp

6DOLGDGHFDIp

por los bordes del

SRUWD¿OWUR

Probablemente se haya colocado

HQHOSRUWD¿OWURXQDFDQWLGDG

H[FHVLYDGHFDIpPROLGRORFXDOKD

impedido de ajustar hasta el tope

HOSRUWD¿OWURHQVXDORMDPLHQWR

4XLWDUHOSRUWD¿OWUR\OLPSLDUVXDORMDPLHQWRFRQ

XQDHVSRQMD)LJ5HSHWLUODRSHUDFLyQ

FRORFDQGRHQHO¿OWURODFRUUHFWDFDQWLGDGGHFDIp

En la junta del asiento de

HQJDQFKHGHOSRUWD¿OWURTXHGDURQ

UHVWRVGHFDIpPROLGR

Limpiar la junta con un escarbadientes o con una

HVSRQMD)LJ

(O¿OWURFKHFRQWLHQHHOFDIpPROLGR

WLHQHHORUL¿FLRGHVDOLGDGHOFDIp

REVWUXLGR

4XLWDUHOSRUWD¿OWUROHQWDPHQWHSXHVWRTXH

HYHQWXDOSUHVLyQUHVLGXDOSRGUtDSURGXFLU

VDOSLFDGXUDV/LPSLDUFRQHODO¿OHUHQGRWDFLyQHO

RUL¿FLRREWXUDGRGHO¿OWUR/LPSLHHO¿OWURFRQXQD

SDVWLOODSDUDODOLPSLH]DGHO¿OWURVLJXLHQGRODV

LQVWUXFFLRQHVSUHVHQWHVHQHOHQYDVH

352%/(0$6 &$86$6 62/8&,21(6

La erogación

del café no

se produce o

se produce

demasiado

OHQWDPHQWH

El disco agujereado que se

encuentra en el asiento de

HQJDQFKHGHOSRUWD¿OWURWLHQHORV

RUL¿FLRVREVWUXLGRV

$FFLRQDUODPiTXLQDVLQHOSRUWD¿OWURGHMDQGRVDOLU

HODJXD6LHODJXDQRVDOHHQIRUPDXQLIRUPH

SRUWRGRVORVRUL¿FLRVHIHFWXDUODOLPSLH]DDQWLFDO

XWLOL]DQGRHOSURGXFWR$ULHWH12&$/TXHVH

consigue en los centros de asistencia Ariete

siguiendo las instrucciones indicadas en la

FRQIHFFLyQ

(O¿OWURFKHFRQWLHQHHOFDIpPROLGR

WLHQHHORUL¿FLRGHVDOLGDGHOFDIp

REVWUXLGR

4XLWDUHOSRUWD¿OWUROHQWDPHQWHSXHVWRTXH

HYHQWXDOSUHVLyQUHVLGXDOSRGUtDSURGXFLU

VDOSLFDGXUDV/LPSLDUFRQHODO¿OHUHQGRWDFLyQHO

RUL¿FLRREWXUDGRGHO¿OWUR/LPSLHHO¿OWURFRQXQD

SDVWLOODSDUDODOLPSLH]DGHO¿OWURVLJXLHQGRODV

LQVWUXFFLRQHVSUHVHQWHVHQHOHQYDVH

Mezcla de café molido demasiado

¿QD

Probar a utilizar mezcla de café con una

PROHGXUDPiVJUXHVD

Mezcla de café demasiado

SUHQVDGD

3UHQVDUHOFDIpHQHO¿OWURFRQPHQRVSUHVLyQ

(OGHSRVLWRQRHVWiELHQPRQWDGR ,QWURGXFLUHOGHSRVLWRHPSXMiQGRORKDVWDHOIRQGR

Hay poca agua y la bomba no

DVSLUD

Controlar que el depósito de agua esté bien

LQWURGXFLGR\FRQWURODUTXHHOQLYHOGHODJXDHQ

HOGHSyVLWRVHDDGHFXDGR/OHQDUFRQDJXDVLQ

JDVIUHVFDDWHPSHUDWXUDDPELHQWHKDVWDHOQLYHO

LQGLFDGRFRQ0$;

A PROPÓSITO DESTE MANUAL

0HVPRVHRVDSDUHOKRVIRUDPUHDOL]DGRVHPFRQIRUPLGDGHFRPDV1RUPDVHVSHFt¿FDVHXURSHLDVYLJHQWHVH

VmRSRUWDQWRSURWHJLGRVHPWRGDVDVVXDVSDUWHVSRWHQFLDOPHQWHSHULJRVDVGHYHVHOHUDWHQWDPHQWHHVWHV

DYLVRVHXVDURDSDUHOKRVRPHQWHSDUDRXVRDRTXDOIRLGHVWLQDGRSDUDHYLWDUDFLGHQWHVHGDQRV'HL[DUHVWH

PDQXDOVHPSUHDFHVVtYHOSDUDIXWXUDVFRQVXOWDV6HPSUHTXHGHVHMDUFHGHUHVWHDSDUHOKRDRXWUDVSHVVRDV

OHPEUHVHGHLQFOXLUWDPEpPHVWDVLQVWUXo}HV

As informações apresentadas neste manual estão marcadas com os seguintes símbolos, que indicam:

Perigo para as crianças

$YLVRUHODWLYRDTXHLPDGXUDV

3HULJRGHYLGRjHOHFWULFLGDGH Atenção - danos materiais

3HULJRGHGDQRVGHYLGRVDRXWUDVFDXVDV

USO PREVISTO

3RGHVHXVDURDSDUHOKRSDUDSUHSDUDUFDIpVHFDSSXFFLQRV

(VWHDSDUHOKRQmRGHYHVHUGHVWLQDGRDRXVRFRPHUFLDOHLQGXVWULDO

4XDOTXHURXWURXVRGRDSDUHOKRQmRpSUHYLVWRSHOR)DEULFDQWHRTXDOQmRDVVXPLUiQHQKXPDUHVSRQVDELOL-

GDGHSRUGDQRVGHQHQKXPWLSRFDXVDGRVSRUXVRLPSUySULRGRDSDUHOKR2XVRLPSUySULRGHWHUPLQDWDPEpP

DSHUGDGRHIHLWRGHTXDOTXHUIRUPDGHJDUDQWLD

RISCOS RESÍDUOS

As características de fabrico do aparelho, objecto do presente documento, não permitem proteger o utilizador

GRMDFWRGLUHFWRGHYDSRURXiJXDTXHQWH

Atenção!

3HULJRGHTXHLPDGXUDV'XUDQWHDVDtGDGHiJXDTXHQWHHGHYDSRUQmRRULHQWDURVMDFWRVSDUD

RXWUDVSHVVRDVRXSDUDVLPHVPR(PSXQKDURWXERH[FOXVLYDPHQWHQDSDUWHGHSOiVWLFR

8WLOL]DUVRPHQWHUHFLSLHQWHVTXHVHMDPUHDOL]DGRVFRPPDWHULDO³SDUDDOLPHQWRV´

ADVERTÊNCIAS DE SEGURANÇA

LER CUIDADOSAMENTE ESTAS INSTRUÇÕES.

2DSDUHOKRIRLFRQFHELGRSDUDVHUXWLOL]DGRHPDPELHQWHVGRPpVWLFRVRXVHPH-

OKDQWHVFRPRSRUH[HPSOR

QDViUHDVSDUDFR]LQKDUUHVHUYDGDVDRSHVVRDOGHORMDVHPHVFULWyULRVHHP

RXWURVDPELHQWHVSUR¿VVLRQDLV

- em quintas

KRWpLVPRWpLVEHGEUHDNIDVWVHRXWUDVHVWUXWXUDVKDELWiYHLVSDUDXVRGRV

UHODWLYRVKyVSHGHV

1mRVHDVVXPHPTXDLVTXHUWLSRVGHUHVSRQVDELOLGDGHSHORXVRLQFRUUHFWRRXSRU

HPSUHJRVGLIHUHQWHVGDTXHOHVSUHYLVWHVSHORSUHVHQWHIROKHWR

5HFRPHQGDVHJXDUGDUDHPEDODJHPRULJLQDOYLVWRTXHQmRpHIHFWXDGDDDV-

VLVWrQFLDJUDWXLWDSRUGDQRVGHYLGRVjHPEDODJHPQmRDGHTXDGDGRSURGXWRQR

PRPHQWRGRHQYLRGRPHVPRDXP&HQWURGH$VVLVWrQFLDDXWRUL]DGR

Perigo para as crianças

2DSDUHOKRSRGHVHUXWLOL]DGRSRUFULDQoDVFRPPDLVGHDQRVGHLGDGHHSRU

pessoas com capacidades físicas, sensoriais ou mentais reduzidas, ou com falta

GHH[SHULrQFLDRXFRQKHFLPHQWRDSHQDVVHIRUHPVHJXLGDVSRUXPDSHVVRD

UHVSRQViYHORXVHWLYHUHPUHFHELGRHLQFOXLQGRLQVWUXo}HVHSHULJRVSUHVHQWHV

DRXVDURDSDUHOKR

$VFULDQoDVQmRGHYHPEULQFDUFRPRDSDUHOKR

$OLPSH]DHDPDQXWHQomRDSUHVHQWDGDVQHVWDVLQVWUXo}HVQmRGHYHPVHUIHLWDV

SRUFULDQoDVVHPDVXSHUYLVmRGHXPDGXOWR

1mRGHL[DURVHOHPHQWRVGDHPEDODJHPDRDOFDQFHGHFULDQoDVSRLVFRQVWLWXHP

SRWHQFLDLVIRQWHVGHSHULJR

1RPRPHQWRHPTXHGHFLGLUQmRXWLOL]DUPDLVRDSDUHOKRUHFRPHQGDPRVFRU-

WDURFDERGHDOLPHQWDomRSDUDTXHQmRSRVVDPDLVIXQFLRQDU5HFRPHQGDPRV

ID]HUFRPTXHVXDVSDUWHVVXVFHSWtYHLVDFRQVWLWXLUSHULJRSULQFLSDOPHQWHSDUD

FULDQoDVTXHSRGHULDPXWLOL]DURDSDUHOKRSDUDEULQFDUWRUQHPVHLQyFXDV

1mRGHL[DURDO¿QHWHSDUDOLPSH]DDRDOFDQFHGHFULDQoDVHJXDUGiORHPOXJDU

VHJXURSHULJRGHLQJHVWmRHGHIHULGDV

Perigo devido à electricidade

1mRGHL[HRFDERGHDOLPHQWDomRDRDOFDQFHGHFULDQoDVPHQRUHVGHDQRV

$QWHVGHOLJDURDSDUHOKRjUHGHGHDOLPHQWDomRFHUWL¿FDUVHTXHDWHQVmRLQGLFD-

da na placa de características colocada na parte inferior da máquina correspon-

GDjTXHODGDUHGHORFDO

8VRGHH[WHQV}HVHOpFWULFDVQmRDXWRUL]DGDVSHORIDEULFDQWHGRDSDUHOKRSRGH

SURYRFDUGDQRVHDFLGHQWHV

$QWHVGHSURFHGHUDRHQFKLPHQWRGRGHSyVLWRGHiJXDGHVOLJXHRDSDUHOKRGD

WRPDGD

6HRFDERGHDOLPHQWDomRHVWLYHUGDQL¿FDGRHVWHGHYHVHUVXEVWLWXtGRSHORID-

EULFDQWHRXSRUVHXVHUYLoRGH$VVLVWrQFLDWpFQLFDRXSRUXPDSHVVRDFRPTXD-

OL¿FDomRHTXLYDOHQWHGHPRGRDSUHYHQLUTXDOTXHUULVFR

1XQFDFRORFDUDVSDUWHVVREWHQVmRHPFRQWDFWRFRPDiJXDLVWRSRGHSURYRFDU

um curto-circuito!

$QWHVGHHIHFWXDUTXDOTXHULQWHUYHQomRGHOLPSH]DRXPDQXWHQomRGDPiTXLQD

GHVOLJXHVHPSUHD¿FKDGDWRPDGD

1mRLPHUJLURDSDUHOKRHPiJXDRXRXWURVOtTXLGRV

'HVOLJDUVHPSUHRDSDUHOKRHGHVOLJDUD¿FKDGRFDERGHDOLPHQWDomRGDWRPDGD

GHFRUUHQWHDQWHVGHHQFKHURUHVHUYDWyULRFRPiJXD

Perigo de danos devidos a outras causas

1mROHYDQWDURDSDUHOKRVHJXUDQGRRSHORGHSyVLWRGDiJXDRXSHODEDQGHMD

PDVVHJXUDQGRRSHORFRUSR

(VFROKHUXPDPELHQWHEHPLOXPLQDGROLPSRHFRPDWRPDGDGHFRUUHQWHIDFLO-

PHQWHDFHVVtYH

(YLWDUDLQWURGXomRGHXPDTXDQWLGDGHH[FHVVLYDGHiJXDQRGHSyVLWR

1mRGHL[DURDSDUHOKRVHPYLJLOkQFLDHQTXDQWRHVWHHVWLYHUOLJDGRjUHGHHOpFWULFD

2DSDUHOKRGHYHVHUXWLOL]DGRHGHL[DGRHPUHSRXVRVREUHXPDVXSHUItFLHHVWiYHO

2DSDUHOKRQmRGHYHVHUXWLOL]DGRVHWLYHUFDtGRVHKRXYHUVLQDLVGHGDQRVYLVt-

YHLVRXVHKRXYHUSHUGDVGHiJXD1mRXVDURDSDUHOKRVHRFDERHOpWULFRRXD

¿FKDHVWLYHUHPGDQL¿FDGRVRXVHRSUySULRDSDUHOKRHVWLYHUFRPDOJXPGHIHLWR

7RGDVDVUHSDUDo}HVLQFOXtGDDVXEVWLWXLomRGRFDERGHDOLPHQWDomRGHYHPVHU

realizadas somente por Centros de Assistência Ariete ou por técnicos autoriza-

GRV$ULHWHGHPRGRDSUHYHQLUTXDOTXHUSHULJR

Aviso relativo a queimaduras

1XQFDGLUHFFLRQDURMDFWRGHYDSRURXGHiJXDTXHQWHSDUDDVSDUWHVGRFRUSR

PDQXVHDUFRPFXLGDGRRWXERGRYDSRUSHULJRGHTXHLPDGXUDV

$VSDUWHVPHWiOLFDVH[WHUQDVGRDSDUHOKRHGRSRUWD¿OWURQmRGHYHPVHUWRFDGDV

TXDQGRRDSDUHOKRHVWLYHUIXQFLRQDQGRSRLVSRGHPFDXVDUTXHLPDGXUDV

&DVRQmRKRXYHUVDtGDGHiJXDGRSRUWD¿OWURLVVRGHYHVHDXPDREVWUXomRGR

¿OWUR1HVWHFDVRUHPRYHUHGHVSUHQGHUOHQWDPHQWHRSRUWD¿OWURSRLVFDVRKRX-

YHUSUHVVmRUHVtGXDHVWDSRGHULDSURYRFDUERUULIRV(PVHJXLGDOLPSDUFRPR

LQGLFDGRQRSDUiJUDIRHVSHFt¿FR

Atenção - danos materiais

&RORFDUDPiTXLQDVREUHXPSODQRHVWiYHORQGHQmRSRVVDVHUWRPEDGD

1mRXWLOL]HDPiTXLQDVHPiJXDSRUTXHDERPEDSRGHTXHLPDU

1XQFDHQFKHURGHSyVLWRGHiJXDFRPiJXDTXHQWHRXIHUYHQWH

1mRSRVLFLRQDUDPiTXLQDVREUHVXSHUItFLHVPXLWRTXHQWHVRXQDVSUR[LPLGDGHV

GHFKDPDVOLYUHVSDUDHYLWDUTXHDHVWUXWXUDSRVVDVRIUHUGDQRV

2FDERGHDOLPHQWDomRQmRGHYHWRFDUDVSDUWHVTXHQWHVGDPiTXLQD

1mRXWLOL]DUiJXDFRPJiVFRPDGLomRGHGLy[LGRGHFDUERQR

1XQFDLQWURGX]LUQR¿OWURQHQKXPDVXEVWkQFLDGLIHUHQWHGHSyGHFDIp'RFRQWUi-

ULRLVWRSRGHULDFDXVDUJUDYHVGDQRVDRDSDUHOKR

1XQFDUHJXODURJUDXGHPRDJHPGXUDQWHRVHXIXQFLRQDPHQWRQmRLQWURGX]LU

DEVROXWDPHQWHFDIpPRtGRQRUHFLSLHQWHGRFDIpPDVH[FOXVLYDPHQWHFDIpHP

JUmRV$FDSDFLGDGHPi[LPDGRUHFLSLHQWHGRFDIpHPJUmRVpGHJ

1mRGHL[DUDPiTXLQDDXPDWHPSHUDWXUDDPELHQWHLQIHULRUD&SRLVRUHVt-

GXRGHiJXDQDFDOGHLUDSRGHULDFRQJHODUHSURYRFDUGDQRV

1mRXWLOL]DURDSDUHOKRDFpXDEHUWR

1mRGHL[HRDSDUHOKRH[SRVWRDDJHQWHVDWPRVIpULFRVFKXYDVROHWF

'HSRLVGHWHUGHVOLJDGRD¿FKDGDWRPDGDGHFRUUHQWHHOpFWULFDHGHSRLVGDV

SDUWHVTXHQWHVGDPiTXLQDWHUHPDUUHIHFLGRRDSDUHOKRGHYHUiVHUOLPSR~QLFD

HH[FOXVLYDPHQWHFRPXPSDQRQmRDEUDVLYROLJHLUDPHQWHKXPHGHFLGRFRP

iJXDDGLFLRQDGDFRPDOJXPDVJRWDVGHGHWHUJHQWHQHXWURQmRDJUHVVLYRQXQFD

XWLOL]HVROYHQWHVSRLVHOHVHVWUDJDPRSOiVWLFR

&RQVHUYDUHVWDVLQVWUXo}HV

DESCRIÇÃO DOS COMPONENTES

$ 'HSyVLWRGHiJXD

% 7XERGRYDSRU

&%LFRGRYDSRU

')LOWURFDIp

( *RWHMDGRU

)  3RUWD¿OWUR

*&DOFDGRU

+$O¿QHWHSDUDOLPSH]D

, &DERGHDOLPHQWDomR

- 3ODQRSDUDFKiYHQDV

K - Bandeja de recolha de gotas

L - Moinho de café

M - Recipiente do café em grãos

17DPSDGRUHFLSLHQWHGRFDIp

2$ODYDQFDGHGHVEORTXHLRGRUHFLSLHQWHGRFDIp

3 7DPSDGRUHVHUYDWyULR

4%RWmRGHGLVWULEXLomRGHYDSRU

5%RWmRGHVDtGDGRFDIpFRPLQGLFDGRUOXPLQRVR

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6 %RWmRGHDFLRQDPHQWRFRPLQGLFDGRUOXPLQRVR



7  %RWmRGDIXQomRYDSRUFRPLQGLFDGRUOXPLQRVR



'DGRVGHLGHQWLÀFDomR

1DSODFDVLWXDGDDEDL[RGDEDVHGHDSRLRGDPiTXLQDIRUDPFRORFDGRVRVVHJXLQWHVGDGRVGHLGHQWL¿FDomR

da máquina:

 IDEULFDQWHHPDUFDomR&(

 PRGHOR0RG

 QGHPDWUtFXOD61

 WHQVmRHOpFWULFDGHDOLPHQWDomR9HIUHTXrQFLD+]

 SRWrQFLDHOpFWULFDDEVRUYLGD:

 Q~PHURYHUGHGHDVVLVWrQFLD

3DUDVROLFLWDo}HVDRV&HQWURVGH$VVLVWrQFLD$XWRUL]DGRVLQGLFDURPRGHORHRQ~PHURGHPDWUtFXOD

INSTRUÇÕES DE USO

Accionamento

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3RVLFLRQDURDSDUHOKRVREUHXPDVXSHUItFLHSODQDHHVWiYHO

5HPRYHURGHSyVLWRGHiJXDGRDSDUHOKR1DSULPHLUDXWLOL]DomRWLUDURGHSyVLWRHHQFKHORFRPiJXDQDWXUDO

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JDUDQWLURIXQFLRQDPHQWRFRUUHWRGRDSDUHOKRSUHVVLRQDUEHPRGHSyVLWRDWpRIXQGR

2GHSyVLWRSRGHVHUHQFKLGRWDPEpPSHORDOWRGHLWDQGRDiJXDQRUHODWLYRFRPSDUWLPHQWRDSyVWHUOHYDQWDGR

DWDPSD)LJ

/DYDUR¿OWUR'HDWDPSDGRUHFLSLHQWHGRFDIp

Ligar a máquina pela primeira vez

&HUWL¿FDUVHTXHDWHQVmRGDUHGHGRPpVWLFDVHMDLJXDOjLQGLFDGDQDFKDSDGRVGDGRVWpFQLFRVGRDSDUHOKR

,QVHULUD¿FKDQDWRPDGDGHFRUUHQWH

Em caso de primeiro uso, ou após um período de não utilização, recomendamos que se faça sair pelo menos

XPDFKiYHQDGHiJXDGDVHGHGHHQFDL[HGRSRUWD¿OWURFRPRSRUWD¿OWURHQFDL[DGR

(QFDL[DURSRUWD¿OWURHPVXDVHGHVHPWHULQVHULGRQHQKXP¿OWUR

Pressionar o botão de accionamento

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minutos, o indicador do botão de saída do café

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HVWiSURQWDSDUDDSURGXomRGRFDIp

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3UHVVLRQDURERWmRGHVDtGDGRFDIp)LJHPDQWHUSUHVVLRQDGRRERWmRGHVDtGDGRYDSRU4)LJ

$JXDUGDUDWpTXDQGRKRXYHUVDtGDGHiJXDSHORWXERGRYDSRUGHSRLVGLVWROLEHUDURERWmRGHVDtGDGRYDSRU

4$iJXDLQLFLDUiDVDLUGRSRUWD¿OWUR)HPVHJXLGDSUHVVLRQDUQRYDPHQWHRERWmRGHVDtGDGRFDIp)LJ

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Aconselhamos repetir esta operação todas as vezes que a máquina for acionada após vários dias de

não utilização.

COMO PREPARAR O CAFÉ

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VHGH,QVHULUR¿OWUR'QRSRUWD¿OWUR)

,QWURGX]LURFDIpHPJUmRVQRUHFLSLHQWHGRFDIp)LJ

1mRLQWURGX]LUXPDTXDQWLGDGHH[FHVVLYDGHJUmRV

GHFDIp$WDPSDGRUHFLSLHQWHGRFDIpGHYHIHFKDUVHVREUHRUHFLSLHQWH

6HLQVHULUSRXFRJUmRVGHFDIpSRUYH]SRGHVHVDERUHDUXPFDIpFRPXPDPLVWXUDVHPSUHIUHVFD

Nunca introduzir o pó de café no recipiente do café em grãos (M).

Regulação do grau de moagem

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2JUDXGHPRDJHPLQÀXLQRJRVWRPDLVRXPHQRVIRUWHGRFDIpHQDTXDQWLGDGHGHFUHPH3RGHVHWHQWDU

YDULDUHVWHSDUkPHWURSDUDHQFRQWUDURJRVWRSHUIHLWRSDUDRYRVVRFDIp

1RUHFLSLHQWHGRFDIpHPJUmRVpPRVWUDGDXPDHVFDODGHD2VQ~PHURVPDLRUHVFRUUHVSRQGHPDXPD

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FRPXPJUDXGHPRDJHPLJXDOD(PVHJXLGDYDULDURJUDXGHPRDJHPSDUDHQFRQWUDURJRVWRSHUIHLWR

SDUDRVHXFDIp

3DUDUHJXODURJUDXGHPRDJHPGRFDIpPRDJHP¿QDRXJURVVDSUHVVLRQDUSDUDEDL[RDDODYDQFDGHGHV-

EORTXHLR2GRUHFLSLHQWHGRFDIp*LUDURUHFLSLHQWHGRFDIpQRVHQWLGRKRUiULRVHGHVHMDUXPDPRDJHP¿QD

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Atenção!

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$RSHUDomRGHYHVHUVHPSUHHIHWXDGDFRPDWDPSD1GRUHFLSLHQWHGRFDIpGHYLGDPHQWHSRVLFLRQDGD

Saída do café

,QVHULUD¿FKDQDWRPDGDGHFRUUHQWH

Pressionar o botão de accionamento

 

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luminoso do botão de saída do café

 

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SDUDSURGX]LUFDIp

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FDIpHQDTXDQWLGDGHGHFUHPH

2FDIpPRtGRQRSRUWDÀOWURGHYHUiVHUFDOFDGRFRPRFDOFDGRU)LJ

(QFDL[DURSRUWD¿OWURQDGHYLGDVHGH

Atenção!

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6HIRULQVHULGDXPDTXDQWLGDGHH[FHVVLYDGHFDIpQRLQWHULRUGR¿OWURDURWDomRGRSRUWD¿OWURSRGHVHU

GL¿FXOWRVDHRXGXUDQWHDVDtGDGRFDIpSRGHPKDYHUSHUGDVGRSRUWD¿OWUR

eDFRQVHOKiYHOGHL[DUDTXHFHURSRUWD¿OWURPDQWHQGRRLQVHULGRHPVXDVHGHSRUDOJXQVPLQXWRVDQWHVGH

ID]HUXPFDIpGHPRGRTXHPHVPRRSULPHLURFDIpHVWHMDEHPTXHQWH,VWRQmRVHUiQHFHVViULRSDUDRV

FDIpVVHJXLQWHV

4XDQGRRLQGLFDGRUGRERWmRGHVDtGDGRFDIp

 

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WHPSHUDWXUDHHVWDUiSURQWRDRXVR

Pressionar o botão de saída do café  SDUDGDULQtFLRjVDtGDGRFDIp)LJ

'XUDQWHDSURGXomRRLQGLFDGRUOXPLQRVRGRERWmRGHVDtGDGRFDIp

 

HVWDUiDSLVFDU

3DUDLQWHUURPSHUDSURGXomRGRFDIpSUHVVLRQDUQRYDPHQWHRERWmRGHVDtGDGRFDIp 

Atenção!

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FDIpHVWLYHUDWLYDGR

Atenção!

$RWHUPLQDUDSURGXomRGRFDIpDJXDUGDUFHUFDGHVHJXQGRVDQWHVGHGHVHQFDL[DURSRUWD¿OWUR

SDUDUHPRYHURSRUWD¿OWURURGDURPHVPROHQWDPHQWHGDGLUHLWDSDUDDHVTXHUGDD¿PGHHYLWDUVDOSLFRV

RXMDFWRVGHiJXDRXFDIp

6HGXUDQWHDIDVHGHHVSHUDGRYDSRUIRUHPYHULÀFDGDVSHTXHQDVHPLVV}HVGHYDSRUSHORSRUWD

ÀOWURHVWHIHQyPHQRGHYHVHUFRQVLGHUDGRWRWDOPHQWHQRUPDO

5HPRomRGRÀOWUR

3DUDUHPRYHUR¿OWURGRSRUWD¿OWURJLUDUR¿OWURQRVHQWLGRDQWLKRUiULR)LJ([WUDLUR¿OWUR

Função auto-desligamento

(VWDPiTXLQDGHFDIppGRWDGDGHXPVLVWHPDGHGHVOLJDPHQWRDXWRPiWLFRTXHUHVSHLWDDVQRYDVUHJXODPHQ-

WDo}HVUHODWLYDVDRFRQVXPRGHHQHUJLD6HDPiTXLQDHVWLYHUOLJDGDPDVQmRIRUXWLOL]DGDDSyVPLQXWRV

VHUiDWLYDGDDIXQomRGHDXWRGHVOLJDPHQWR3DUDID]HUXPQRYRFDIpVHUiQHFHVViULROLJDUQRYDPHQWHD

máquina pressionando o botão de acionamento  $JXDUGDUTXHRLQGLFDGRUOXPLQRVRGRERWmRGHVDtGD

do café  VHLOXPLQHGHPRGR¿[RSDUDSURGX]LURFDIp

(QFKLPHQWRGRGHSyVLWRGHiJXDGXUDQWHRXVR

5HFRPHQGDVHFRQWURODUVHPSUHRQtYHOGHiJXDQRGHSyVLWR4XDQGRRUHVHUYDWyULR¿FDUVHPiJXDRFRUUHUi

XPDYLEUDomRHXPUXtGRPDLVIRUWH

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QRYDPHQWHRDSDUHOKR

COMO PREPARAR UM CAPPUCCINO

3UHSDUDURFDIp$QWHVGHXVDURWXERGRYDSRUSDUDDIXQomRGRYDSRUFHUWL¿FDUVHGHWHUGHVHQFDL[DGRR

SRUWD¿OWURGHVXDVHGH

Para fazer um cappuccino, um chocolate quente ou somente para aquecer qualquer outra bebida, pressionar

RERWmRGDIXQomRYDSRU SDUDDWLYDUDIXQomRYDSRU)LJ

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

Atenção!

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4XDQGRRLQGLFDGRUGRERWmRGDIXQomRYDSRU

 

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YDSRU4SDUDGDULQtFLRDRSURFHVVRGHSURGXomR)LJ

0HUJXOKDUDWpRIXQGRRWXERGRYDSRUQROHLWH3UHVVLRQDURERWmRGHVDtGDGRYDSRU4HPSRXFRVLQVWDQ-

WHVSRGHUiYHUVXELUXPDHVSXPDGHQVDHFUHPRVD

3DUDLQWHUURPSHUDVDtGDGRYDSRUOLEHUDURERWmRGHVDtGDGRYDSRU4

$SyVDXWLOL]DomRGHYHVHSURGX]LURYDSRUSRUDOJXQVVHJXQGRVSDUDOLEHUDURIXURGRELFRGRYDSRU

eliminando possíveis resíduos de leite.

3DUDGHVDWLYDUDIXQomRYDSRUSUHVVLRQDUQRYDPHQWHRERWmRGDIXQomRYDSRU

$PiTXLQDSDVVDUi

DXWRPDWLFDPHQWHSDUDDVFRQGLo}HVLGHDLVGHSURGXomRGRFDIp

REUTILIZAR PARA CAFÉ

3DUDSDVVDUGDSURGXomRGHYDSRUjSURGXomRGHFDIpGHYHVHHVSHUDUTXHDFDOGHLUDHVWHMDIULD

3RVLFLRQDUXPUHFLSLHQWHSRUEDL[RGRWXERGHVDtGDGRYDSRU)LJ

Pressionar o botão de saída do café  HPDQWHUSUHVVLRQDGRRERWmRGHVDtGDGRYDSRU4SDUDTXHR

YDSRUUHVtGXRSRVVDVDLUHHVIULDUDFDOGHLUD

$JXDUGDUDWpTXDQGRKRXYHUDVDtGDGDiJXDSHORWXERGRYDSRU

Aguardar que o indicador luminoso do botão de saída do café  VHLOXPLQHGHPRGR¿[RDQWHVGHSUHSDUDU

RFDIp

&216(/+26Ô7(,63$5$2%7(580%20(;35(662,7$/,$1$

2JUDXGHPRDJHPDTXDQWLGDGHGHFDIpPRtGRDSUHVVmRDRFDOFDURFDIpQRSRUWD¿OWURHDGXUDomRGD

VDtGDGDiJXDLQÀXHPQRJRVWRPDLVRXPHQRVIRUWHGRFDIpHQDTXDQWLGDGHGHFUHPH3RGHVHWHQWDUYDULDU

XPRXPDLVGHVWHVWUrVSDUkPHWURVSDUDHQFRQWUDURJRVWRSHUIHLWRGRVHXFDIp

6HHVFROKHUXPDPRDJHPPDLV¿QDGHYHVHOHPEUDUGHDXPHQWDUDTXDQWLGDGHGHFDIpPRtGRQRSRUWD¿OWUR

HGHFDOFDUPHQRVRFDIpFRPRFDOFDGRUHPFDVRFRQWUDULRRPHVPRSRGHULD¿FDUDJXDGR$RFRQWUiULRVH

DPRDJHPIRUJURVVDGLPLQXLUDTXDQWLGDGHGHFDIpPRtGRQRSRUWD¿OWURHFDOFDUPDLVRFDIpFRPRFDOFDGRU

2FDIpPRtGRFRORFDGRQRSRUWD¿OWURGHYHUiVHUFRPSULPLGROHYHPHQWH

&RQVHUYDURFDIpHPJUmRVQXPSRWHIHFKDGRHPOXJDUIUHVFRHORQJHGDXPLGDGH6HSRVVtYHOPDQWHUR

FDIpDYiFXR$GTXLULURFDIpHPSHTXHQDVFRQIHFo}HVGHPRGRTXHRFDIpIUHVFRDVHUPRtGRHVWHMDVHPSUH

GLVSRQtYHO

MANUTENÇÃO DO APARELHO

'HVEORTXHLRGRPRLQKR

1RFDVRHPTXHRPRLQKRVHEORTXHDURERWmRGHDFLRQDPHQWR LQLFLDUiDSLVFDUFRPLQWHUYDORVGH

VHJXQGR$FDXVDSRGHULDVHUDSUHVHQoDGHLPSXUH]DVHQWUHRVJUmRVGHFDIpFRPRFDVFDVRXSHTXHQDV

SHGUDVTXHEORTXHDUDPRPRLQKR

(VYD]LDURSRUWD¿OWURGRSyGHFDIpUHVtGXR

3UHVVLRQDUSDUDEDL[RDDODYDQFDGHGHVEORTXHLR2GRUHFLSLHQWHGRFDIpHPJUmRV

*LUDURUHFLSLHQWHGRFDIpHPJUmRV0DWpTXDQGRRVtPERORUHSUHVHQWDGRQRPHVPRFRUUHVSRQGHUFRPR

VtPERORSUHVHQWHQDPiTXLQD)LJAs impurezas que bloquearam a máquina cairão na conduta do pó

GHFDIp

3RVLFLRQDURSRUWD¿OWURDEDL[RGRPRLQKRGRFDIp)LJ,QVHULUDVDOHWDVGRSRUWD¿OWURQRVXSRUWHDEDL[R

GRPRLQKRGRFDIp3UHVVLRQDURSRUWD¿OWUR)FRQWUDRVXSRUWHDEDL[RGRPRLQKR

'HL[DUTXHRFDIpPRtGRFDLDQRSRUWD¿OWUR-RJXHIRUDRFDIpPRtGRSDUDHOLPLQDUDVLPSXUH]DVSUHVHQWHV

3URJUDPDURJUDXGHPRDJHPGHVHMDGR

&RQWLQXDUDSUHSDUDomRGRFDIp

6HRPRLQKRQmRSDUWLUHFRQWLQXDUEORTXHDGRSRUWUrVYH]HVFRQVHFXWLYDVRVERW}HV ,   e  

LQLFLDUmRDSLVFDUUDSLGDPHQWH

1HVWHFDVRpQHFHVViULRFRQWDWDUR&HQWURGH$VVLVWrQFLD$XWRUL]DGRPDLVSUy[LPR

LIMPEZA DO APARELHO

Atenção!

8PDPDQXWHQomRHXPDOLPSH]DUHJXODUHVSUHVHUYDPHPDQWpPRDSDUHOKRH¿FLHQWHSRUPDLVWHPSR

1XQFDODYDURVFRPSRQHQWHVGRDSDUHOKRQDPiTXLQDGHODYDUORXoD1mRXWLOL]DUMDFWRVGHiJXD

GLUHFWD

/LPSH]DGRÀOWURTXHFRQWpPRSyGHFDIp

&HUWL¿FDUVHTXHRVIXURVQmRVHREVWUXDP)D]HUFRPTXHVDLDiJXDTXHQWHFRPRSRUWD¿OWURLQVHULGRVHP

SyGHFDIpSDUDGLVVROYHURXUHPRYHUSRVVtYHLVUHVtGXRVGHFDIpRXLPSXUH]DV

Atenção!

5HPRYHUHGHVSUHQGHUOHQWDPHQWHRSRUWD¿OWURSRLVFDVRKRXYHUSUHVVmRUHVtGXDHVWDSRGHULDSUR-

YRFDUERUULIRV

$FRQVHOKDPRVOLPSDUPHWLFXORVDPHQWHR¿OWURDFDGDPHVHVXWLOL]DQGRSDVWLOKDVSDUDDOLPSH]DGR¿OWUR

que se encontram em comércio, agindo do seguinte modo:

 ,QVHULUXPDSDVWLOKDGHGHWHUJHQWHSDUDPiTXLQDGHODYDUORXoDVQR¿OWURVHPFDIpTXDQGRDPiTXLQD

HVWLYHUEHPTXHQWHDSyVSHORPHQRVPLQXWRVGHDTXHFLPHQWR

 (QFDL[DURSRUWD¿OWURQDPiTXLQDHFRORFDUXPUHFLSLHQWHDEDL[RGRSRUWD¿OWUR

 3UHVVLRQDURERWmRGHVDtGDGRFDIp

SDUDGDULQtFLRjVDtGDGDiJXD

 ,QWHUURPSHUDVDtGDGHiJXDHGHL[DUTXHDSDVWLOKDSRVVDDFWXDUSRUQRPtQLPRPLQXWRVPDQWHQGRR

SRUWD¿OWURLQVHULGRQDPiTXLQD

 5HSHWLUDRSHUDomRGHVDtGDGDiJXD'HL[DUHPUHSRXVRSRURXWURVVHJXQGRV5HSHWLUDVRSHUDo}HV

DWpWHUPLQDURFRQWH~GRGRVGRLVGHSyVLWRVGHiJXD

 5HPRYHURSRUWD¿OWURGDPiTXLQDH[WUDLUR¿OWURHHQ[DJXDUEHPRPHVPRSDVVDQGRSRUiJXDFRUUHQWHGD

WRUQHLUD

 'HVOLJDUDPiTXLQDGHVOLJDURFDERGHDOLPHQWDomRGDWRPDGDGHFRUUHQWHHOLPSDUFRPXPDHVSRQMDD

VHGHGHHQFDL[HGRSRUWD¿OWUR)LJSDUDUHPRYHUSRVVtYHLVUHVtGXRVGHGHWHUJHQWHGRGXFKH

 /LJDUQRYDPHQWHDPiTXLQDHQFDL[DURSRUWD¿OWURHDFWLYDUDVDtGDGHQRPtQLPRFKiYHQDVGHiJXD

SDUDFRPSOHWDURHQ[DJXDPHQWR

6HDPiTXLQDGHFDIpIRUXWLOL]DGDWRGRVRVGLDVDFRQVHOKDPRVTXHVHMDHIHFWXDGDDRSHUDomRGHOLPSH]D

DFDGDWUrVPHVHVQRPtQLPR

Limpeza dos componentes

Atenção!

$RSHUDomRGHOLPSH]DGHYHVHUHIHWXDGDFRPRDSDUHOKRGHVOLJDGRHFRPD¿FKDHOpWULFDGHVOLJDGD

GDWRPDGDGHFRUUHQWH

Atenção!

$RSHUDomRGHOLPSH]DGHYHVHUHIHWXDGDTXDQGRRDSDUHOKRWLYHUDWLQJLGRDWHPSHUDWXUDDPELHQWH

/DYDURGHSyVLWRGDiJXDRSRUWD¿OWURHR¿OWURFRPiJXDHVDEmR(Q[DJXDUHVHFDUPHWLFXORVDPHQWHWRGDV

DVSDUWHV

Atenção!

/LPSDUDVSDUWHV¿[DVGDPiTXLQDXVDQGRXPSDQRK~PLGRQmRDEUDVLYRSDUDQmRGDQL¿FDUDHVWUX-

WXUD

/LPSH]DGRDORMDPHQWRGRSRUWDÀOWUR

&RPRXVRSRGHVHYHUL¿FDUQDVHGHGHHQFDL[HGRSRUWD¿OWURXPDVHGLPHQWDomRGHUHVWRVGHFDIpTXH

SRGHUmRVHUUHPRYLGRVFRPXPSDOLWRGHGHQWHVFRPXPDHVSiWXOD)LJRXGHL[DQGRFRUUHUiJXDVHP

RSRUWD¿OWURLQVHULGR)LJ

Atenção!

1mRODYDURSRUWD¿OWURQDPiTXLQDODYDORXoDV

Limpeza do tubo vapor

$SyVFDGDXWLOL]DomRGHYHVHGHL[DUTXHRYDSRUVDLDSRUDOJXQVVHJXQGRVSDUDOLEHUDURIXURHHOLPLQDU

SRVVtYHLVUHVtGXRV

Atenção!

(IHFWXHHVWDRSHUDomRTXDQGRRWXERFURPDGRHVWLYHUIULRSDUDHYLWDUTXHLPDGXUDV

6HQHFHVViULRGHVURVTXHDURELFRGRYDSRUGRWXER)LJHODYiORFRPiJXDFRUUHQWH3RGHVHOLPSDU

RWXERFRPXPSDQRQmRDEUDVLYR5RVTXHDURELFRGRYDSRUDWpR¿PGHFXUVR6HQHFHVViULROLPSDUFRP

XPDO¿QHWHRIXURGHVDtGDGRYDSRU)LJ

/LPSH]DGDJUHOKDHGDEDQGHMDGHUHFROKDGHJRWDV

Atenção!

$RSHUDomRGHOLPSH]DGHYHVHUHIHWXDGDFRPRDSDUHOKRGHVOLJDGRHFRPD¿FKDHOpWULFDGHVOLJDGD

GDWRPDGDGHFRUUHQWH

Atenção!

$RSHUDomRGHOLPSH]DGHYHVHUHIHWXDGDTXDQGRRDSDUHOKRWLYHUDWLQJLGRDWHPSHUDWXUDDPELHQWH

/HPEUDUTXHDEDQGHMDGHUHFROKDGHJRWDVGHYHVHUHVYD]LDGDGHYH]HPTXDQGR

5HPRYHUDJUHOKDGRVXSRUWHHOHYDGRSDUDFKiYHQDV-

([WUDLUDEDQGHMDGHUHFROKDGHJRWDV.GDPiTXLQDHVYD]LDUDPHVPDHODYiODFRPiJXDFRUUHQWH

/DYDUWDPEpPRSODQRSDUDFKiYHQDV

DESCALCIFICAÇÃO

8PDERDPDQXWHQomRHXPDOLPSH]DUHJXODUSUHVHUYDHPDQWrPH¿FLHQWHDPiTXLQDSRUXPSHUtRGRPDLRU

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Let op!

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NRI¿HWH]HWWHQ

 

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=HWGH¿OWHUKRXGHURS]LMQSODDWV

Let op!

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 

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 

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Let op!

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Let op!

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CAPPUCCINO MAKEN

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u op de stoomknop  RPGHVWRRPIXQFWLHLQWHVFKDNHOHQ)LJ

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Let op!

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 

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Om de stoomfunctie uit te schakelen drukt u nogmaals op de stoomknop  'HPDFKLQHVFKDNHOWDXWRPD-

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DE MACHINE WEER GEBRUIKEN VOOR KOFFIE

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HANDIGE TIPS OM EEN GOEDE ITALIAANSE ESPRESSO TE ZETTEN

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ONDERHOUD VAN HET APPARAAT

'HNRIÀHPROHQGHEORNNHUHQ

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HET APPARAAT SCHOONMAKEN

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

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De onderdelen reinigen

Let op!

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KHWVWRSFRQWDFW

Let op!

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]RUJYXOGLJDI

Let op!

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Let op!

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Het stoompijpje reinigen

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Let op!

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Let op!

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Let op!

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ONTKALKEN

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BUITENWERKINGSTELLING

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OVERZICHT VAN OPLOSSINGEN VOOR EEN AANTAL PROBLEMEN

Let op!

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ƴƸƧƵƫƬƣƮƧƵƱƲƣƳƱƯƧƥƸƧƫƳƫƦƫƱ

ȂȠȜȠȞȩĲȚȠȚıȣıțİȣȑȢțĮĲĮıțİȣȐıĲȘțĮȞıȪȝĳȦȞĮȝİĲȚȢʌȡȠįȚĮȖȡĮĳȑȢĲȦȞțİȓȝİȞȦȞİȣȡȦʌĮȧțȫȞįȚĮĲȐ-

ȟİȦȞțĮȚțĮĲȐıȣȞȑʌİȚĮİȓȞĮȚʌȡȠıĲĮĲİȣȝȑȞİȢıİȩȜĮĲĮįȣȞȘĲȚțȐİʌȚțȓȞįȣȞĮİȟĮȡĲȒȝĮĲĮįȚĮȕȐıĲİʌȡȠıİ-

țĲȚțȐĲȚȢʌȡȠİȚįȠʌȠȚȒıİȚȢĲȠȣʌĮȡȩȞĲȠȢțĮȚȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȒıĲİĲȘıȣıțİȣȒȝȠȞȐȤĮȖȚĮĲȠıțȠʌȩʌȠȣʌȡȠȠ-

ȡȓȗİĲĮȚȫıĲİȞĮĮʌȠĳȪȖİĲİĮĲȣȤȒȝĮĲĮțĮȚȗȘȝȚȑȢĭȣȜȐȟĲİʌȡȩȤİȚȡȠĲȠİȖȤİȚȡȓįȚȠĮȣĲȩȖȚĮȞĮȝʌȠȡİȓĲİȞĮ

ĲȠıȣȝȕȠȣȜİȪİıĲİıĲȠȝȑȜȜȠȞǹȞʌȡȩțİȚĲĮȚȞĮįȫıİĲİĲȘıȣıțİȣȒıİțȐʌȠȚȠȐȜȜȠȐĲȠȝȠșȣȝȘșİȓĲİȞĮĲȠȣ

ʌĮȡĮįȫıİĲİȝĮȗȓțĮȚĲȠʌĮȡȩȞİȖȤİȚȡȓįȚȠ

ȅȚʌȜȘȡȠĳȠȡȓİȢĲȠȣʌĮȡȩȞĲȠȢĳȑȡȠȣȞĲĮʌĮȡĮțȐĲȦıȪȝȕȠȜĮʌȠȣıȘȝĮȓȞȠȣȞ

ȀȓȞįȣȞȠȢȖȚĮĲĮȝȚțȡȐʌĮȚįȚȐ

ȆȡȠİȚįȠʌȠȓȘıȘȖȚĮİȖțĮȪȝĮĲĮ

ȀȓȞįȣȞȠȢȘȜİțĲȡȠʌȜȘȟȓĮȢ ȆȡȠıȠȤȒ±ȣȜȚțȑȢȗȘȝȚȑȢ

ȀȓȞįȣȞȠȢȗȘȝȚȐȢĮʌȩįȚȐĳȠȡİȢȐȜȜİȢĮȚĲȓİȢ

ƲƳƱƤƭƧƲƱƮƧƯƩƸƳƩƴƩ

ȂʌȠȡİȓĲİȞĮȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȒıİĲİĲȘıȣıțİȣȒȖȚĮȞĮĳĲȚȐȟİĲİțĮĳȑțĮȚțĮʌȠȣĲıȓȞȠ

ǾıȣıțİȣȒĮȣĲȒįİȞʌȡȠȠȡȓȗİĲĮȚȖȚĮİȝʌȠȡȚțȒțĮȚȕȚȠȝȘȤĮȞȚțȒȤȡȒıȘ

ȅʌȠȚĮįȒʌȠĲİȐȜȜȘȤȡȒıȘįİȞ ʌȡȠȕȜȑʌİĲĮȚĮʌȩĲȠȞțĮĲĮıțİȣĮıĲȚțȩȠȓțȠʌȠȣ ıȣȞİʌȫȢĮʌĮȜȜȐııİĲĮȚ

ĮʌȩȠʌȠȚĮįȒʌȠĲİİȣșȪȞȘȖȚĮȗȘȝȚȑȢțȐșİĳȪıȘȢʌȠȣȠĳİȓȜȠȞĲĮȚıĲȘȞĮțĮĲȐȜȜȘȜȘȤȡȒıȘĲȘȢȝȘȤĮȞȒȢǾ

ĮțĮĲȐȜȜȘȜȘȤȡȒıȘȑȤİȚıĮȞıȣȞȑʌİȚĮĲȘȞĮțȪȡȦıȘȠʌȠȚĮıįȒʌȠĲİȝȠȡĳȒȢİȖȖȪȘıȘȢ

ƶƲƱƭƧƫƮƮƣƵƫƬƱƫƬƫƯƦƶƯƱƫ

ȉĮțĮĲĮıțİȣĮıĲȚțȐȤĮȡĮțĲȘȡȚıĲȚțȐĲȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢʌȠȣĮȞĮĳȑȡȠȞĲĮȚıĲȠʌĮȡȩȞȑȞĲȣʌȠįİȞįȓȞȠȣȞĲȘįȣȞĮ-

ĲȩĲȘĲĮʌȡȠıĲĮıȓĮȢĮʌȩĲȘȞĮʌİȣșİȓĮȢİțĲȩȟİȣıȘĮĲȝȠȪȒȗİıĲȠȪȞİȡȠȪ

Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ

ȀȓȞįȣȞȠȢİȖțĮȣȝȐĲȦȞ±ȀĮĲȐ ĲȘȞʌĮȡȠȤȒȗİıĲȠȪȞİȡȠȪțĮȚ ĮĲȝȠȪȝȘȞțĮĲİȣșȪȞİĲİĲȘȞțȐȞȠȣȜĮ

ʌȐȞȦıİȐȜȜĮȐĲȠȝĮȒʌȐȞȦıĮȢȆȚȐıĲİĲȠıȦȜȘȞȐțȚĮʌȠțȜİȚıĲȚțȐĮʌȩĲȠʌȜĮıĲȚțȩȝȑȡȠȢĲȠȣ

ȃĮȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓĲİȝȠȞȐȤĮįȠȤİȓĮʌȠȣİȓȞĮȚțĮĲĮıțİȣĮıȝȑȞĮĮʌȩȣȜȚțȐțĮĲȐȜȜȘȜĮȖȚĮ³ĲȡȩĳȚȝĮ´

ƴƩƮƣƯƵƫƬƧƴƲƳƱƧƫƦƱƲƱƫƩƴƧƫƴ

ǼȀǺǻǺȉȊǽȇȈȆȉǽȁȊȀȁǺȊȀȉȇǺȈǺȁǺȊȎȆǼǿĬȀǽȉ

ǾıȣıțİȣȒİȓȞĮȚıȤİįȚĮıȝȑȞȘȖȚĮȞĮȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓĲĮȚıİȤȫȡȠȣȢțĮĲȠȚțȓĮȢȒ

ʌĮȡȩȝȠȚȠȣȢȩʌȦȢȖȚĮʌĮȡȐįİȚȖȝĮ

ıĲȚȢțȠȣȗȓȞİȢĲȦȞțĮĲĮıĲȘȝȐĲȦȞʌȠȣİȓȞĮȚĮʌȠțȜİȚıĲȚțȐȖȚĮĲȠʌȡȠıȦʌȚțȩıĲĮ

ȖȡĮĳİȓĮțĮȚıİȐȜȜȠȣȢİʌĮȖȖİȜȝĮĲȚțȠȪȢȤȫȡȠȣȢ

ıĲĮĮȖȡȠțĲȒȝĮĲĮ

ȟİȞȠįȠȤİȓĮPRWHOEHGEUHDNIDVWțĮȚȐȜȜİȢįȠȝȑȢțĮĲȠȚțȓĮȢȖȚĮȤȡȒıȘĮʌȩ

ĲȠȣȢʌİȜȐĲİȢĲȠȣȢ

ǻİȞĮȞĮȜĮȝȕȐȞȠȣȝİțĮȝȓĮİȣșȪȞȘȖȚĮȜĮȞșĮıȝȑȞȘȤȡȒıȘĲȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢȒȖȚĮ

țȐʌȠȚĮȐȜȜȘȤȡȒıȘʌȠȣįİȞĮȞĮĳȑȡİĲĮȚıĲȠʌĮȡȩȞ

ȈȣȞȚıĲȠȪȝİȞĮĳȣȜȐııİĲİĲĮȣȜȚțȐıȣıțİȣĮıȓĮȢĲȠȣİȡȖȠıĲĮıȓȠȣįİįȠȝȑȞȠȣ

ȩĲȚįİȞʌȡȠȕȜȑʌİĲĮȚįȦȡİȐȞĲİȤȞȚțȒȣʌȠıĲȒȡȚȟȘȖȚĮĲȚȢȗȘȝȚȑȢʌȠȣʌȡȠțȜȒșȘ-

țĮȞĮʌȩĮțĮĲȐȜȜȘȜȘıȣıțİȣĮıȓĮĲȠȣʌȡȠȧȩȞĲȠȢțĮĲȐĲȘȞĮʌȠıĲȠȜȒĮʌȩȑȞĮ

İȟȠȣıȚȠįȠĲȘȝȑȞȠȀȑȞĲȡȠȉİȤȞȚțȒȢȊʌȠıĲȒȡȚȟȘȢȈȑȡȕȚȢ

ƬǀǎǅǖǎǐǓǄǊǂǕǂǍǊǋǒƽǑǂǊǅǊƽ

ǾıȣıțİȣȒȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȘșİȓĮʌȩʌĮȚįȚȐȝİȖĮȜȪĲİȡĮĲȦȞİĲȫȞțĮȚ

ȐĲȠȝĮȝİİȚįȚțȑȢĮȞȐȖțİȢȒĮʌȩȐĲȠȝĮʌȠȣįİȞȑȤȠȣȞĲȘȞĮʌĮȚĲȠȪȝİȞȘʌİȓȡĮ

ȝȩȞȠıĲȘȞʌİȡȓʌĲȦıȘʌȠȣİʌȚĲȘȡȠȪȞĲĮȚĮʌȩȑȞĮȞȣʌİȪșȣȞȠȒʌȠȣȑȤȠȣȞįȚĮ-

ȕȐıİȚțĮȚțĮĲĮȞȠȒıİȚĲȚȢȠįȘȖȓİȢțĮȚĲȠȣȢțȚȞįȪȞȠȣȢʌȠȣʌĮȡȠȣıȚȐȗȠȞĲĮȚțĮĲȐ

ĲȘȞȤȡȒıȘĲȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢ

ĲĮʌĮȚįȚȐįİȞʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮʌĮȓȗȠȣȞȝİĲȘıȣıțİȣȒ

ȅțĮșĮȡȚıȝȩȢțĮȚȘıȣȞĲȒȡȘıȘʌȠȣĮȞĮĳȑȡȠȞĲĮȚıĲȠİȖȤİȚȡȓįȚȠĮȣĲȩįİȞʌȡȑ-

ʌİȚȞĮİțĲİȜȠȪȞĲĮȚĮʌȩʌĮȚįȚȐȤȦȡȓȢĲȘȞİʌȚĲȒȡȘıȘİȞȩȢİȞȒȜȚțĮ

ȉĮȣȜȚțȐıȣıțİȣĮıȓĮȢįİȞʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮİȖțĮĲĮȜİȓʌȠȞĲĮȚıĲȘįȚȐșİıȘȝȚțȡȫȞʌĮȚ-

įȚȫȞįİįȠȝȑȞȠȣȩĲȚĮʌȠĲİȜȠȪȞʌȘȖȒțȚȞįȪȞȠȣ

ǹȞĮʌȠĳĮıȓıİĲİȞĮʌİĲȐȟİĲİĲȘıȣıțİȣȒʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮĲȘȞĮȤȡȘıĲİȪıİĲİțȩȕȠȞĲĮȢ

ĲȠțĮȜȫįȚȠĲȡȠĳȠįȠıȓĮȢȈȣȞȚıĲȐĲĮȚİʌȓıȘȢȞĮțĮĲĮıĲȒıİĲİĮțȓȞįȣȞĮĲĮȝȑȡȘ

ĲȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢʌȠȣȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮĮʌȠĲİȜȑıȠȣȞʌȘȖȒțȚȞįȪȞȠȣȚįȚĮȓĲİȡĮȖȚĮȝȚțȡȐ

ʌĮȚįȚȐʌȠȣȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮʌĮȓȟȠȣȞȝİĲȘıȣıțİȣȒ

ȂȘȞĮĳȒȞİĲİĲȘȕİȜȩȞĮțĮșĮȡȚıȝȠȪıĲȘȞįȚȐșİıȘĲȦȞȝȚțȡȫȞʌĮȚįȚȫȞȆȡȑʌİȚ

ȞĮĲȘȞĳȣȜȐȟİĲİıİȑȞĮıȓȖȠȣȡȠȝȑȡȠȢȖȚĮĲȓȣʌȐȡȤİȚțȓȞįȣȞȠȢțĮĲȐʌȠıȘȢȒ

ĲȡĮȣȝĮĲȚıȝȠȪ

ƬǀǎǅǖǎǐǓǈǌǆǋǕǒǐǑǌǈǏǀǂǓ

ȂȘȞİʌȚĲȡȑʌİĲİıİȝȚțȡȐʌĮȚįȚȐțȐĲȦĲȦȞİĲȫȞȞĮȑȤȠȣȞʌȡȩıȕĮıȘıĲȠțĮ-

ȜȫįȚȠĲȡȠĳȠįȠıȓĮȢ

ȆȡȚȞıȣȞįȑıİĲİĲȘıȣıțİȣȒıĲȠȘȜİțĲȡȚțȩįȓțĲȣȠȕİȕĮȚȦșİȓĲİʌȦȢȘĲȐıȘʌȠȣ

ĮȞĮĳȑȡİĲĮȚıĲȘȞʌȚȞĮțȓįĮțȐĲȦĮʌȩĲȘıȣıțİȣȒĮȞĲȚıĲȠȚȤİȓȝİĲȘȞĲȐıȘĲȠȣ

įȚțĲȪȠȣĲȘȢʌİȡȚȠȤȒȢıĮȢ

Ǿ ȤȡȒıȘ ȘȜİțĲȡȚțȫȞȝʌĮȜĮȞĲȑȗȦȞ ȝȘİȟȠȣıȚȠįȠĲȘȝȑȞȦȞ ĮʌȩĲȠ İȡȖȠıĲȐıȚȠ

ȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮʌȡȠțĮȜȑıİȚȗȘȝȚȑȢȒĮĲȣȤȒȝĮĲĮ

ȆȡȚȞȖİȝȓıİĲİĲȠįȠȤİȓȠȝİȞİȡȩȕȖȐȜĲİĲȠĳȚȢĮʌȩĲȘȞʌȡȓȗĮ



ǹȞʌĮȡȠȣıȚȐȗİȚȗȘȝȚȐĲȠțĮȜȫįȚȠĲȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮĮȞĲȚțĮĲĮıĲĮșİȓıİ

ȑȞĮİȟȠȣıȚȠįȠĲȘȝȑȞȠțȑȞĲȡȠĲİȤȞȚțȒȢȣʌȠıĲȒȡȚȟȘȢȈȑȡȕȚȢȒıİțȐșİʌİȡȓʌĲȦıȘ

ĮʌȩȑȞĮȞĮįİȚȠȪȤȠȘȜİțĲȡȠȜȩȖȠȫıĲİȞĮĮʌȠțȜİȚıșİȓȠʌȠȚȠıįȒʌȠĲİțȓȞįȣȞȠȢ

ȂȘȞȕȡȑȤİĲİʌȠĲȑĲĮȝȑȡȘĲȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢʌȠȣȑȤȠȣȞȘȜİțĲȡȚțȒĲȐıȘȖȚĮĲȓȝʌȠȡİȓ

ȞĮȖȓȞİȚȕȡĮȤȣțȪțȜȦȝĮ

ȃĮȕȖȐȗİĲİĲȠĳȚȢĮʌȩĲȘȞʌȡȓȗĮʌȡȚȞĮʌȩȠʌȠȚĮįȒʌȠĲİİʌȑȝȕĮıȘțĮșĮȡȚıȝȠȪ

ȒıȣȞĲȒȡȘıȘȢ

ȂȘȞȕȣșȓȗİĲİĲȘıȣıțİȣȒıİȞİȡȩȒȐȜȜĮȣȖȡȐ

ȃĮıȕȒȞİĲİʌȐȞĲĮĲȘıȣıțİȣȒțĮȚȞĮȕȖȐȗİĲİĲȠĳȚȢĮʌȩĲȘȞʌȡȓȗĮʌȡȚȞȖİȝȓıİ-

ĲİĲȠįȠȤİȓȠȝİȞİȡȩ

ƬǀǎǅǖǎǐǓǇǈǍǊƽǓǂǑǝǅǊƽǗǐǒǆǓƽǌǌǆǓǂǊǕǀǆǓ

ȂȘȞĮȞĮıȘțȫȞİĲİĲȘıȣıțİȣȒʌȚȐȞȠȞĲȐȢĲȘȞĮʌȩĲȠįȠȤİȓȠȞİȡȠȪȒĲȠȜİțĮȞȐ-

țȚȆȚȐıĲİĲȘȞĮʌȩĲȠıȫȝĮĲȘȢ

ǼʌȚȜȑȟĲİȑȞĮȤȫȡȠȝİİʌĮȡțȒĳȦĲȚıȝȩțĮȚĮİȡȚıȝȩțĮȚȝİȝȚĮʌȡȓȗĮİȪțȠȜĮ

ʌȡȠıʌİȜȐıȚȝȘ

ǹʌȠĳȪȖİĲİȞĮȕȐȜİĲİıĲȠįȠȤİȓȠȣʌİȡȕȠȜȚțȒʌȠıȩĲȘĲĮȞİȡȠȪ

ȂȘȞĮĳȒȞİĲİĲȘıȣıțİȣȒıĲȘȞʌȡȓȗĮȩĲĮȞĮʌȠȝĮțȡȪȞİıĲİĮʌȩĲȠȤȫȡȠʌȠȣ

ȕȡȓıțİĲĮȚ

ȆȡȑʌİȚȞĮȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓĲİțĮȚȞĮĮțȠȣȝʌȐĲİĲȘıȣıțİȣȒıİȝȚĮıĲĮșİȡȒİʌȚĳȐ-

ȞİȚĮ

ǻİȞʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓĲİĲȘıȣıțİȣȒĮȞȑʌİıİțȐĲȦĮȞȣʌȐȡȤȠȣȞİȝĳĮ-

ȞİȓȢȗȘȝȚȑȢȒȞĮʌĮȡȠȣıȚȐȗİȚįȚĮȡȡȠȒȞİȡȠȪȂȘȞȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓĲİĲȘıȣıțİȣȒĮȞ

ȑȤİȚȗȘȝȚȐĲȠțĮȜȫįȚȠȒĲȠĳȚȢȒĮȞʌĮȡȠȣıȚȐȗİȚİȜȐĲĲȦȝĮȘıȣıțİȣȒǵȜİȢȠȚ

İʌȚıțİȣȑȢțĮȚȘĮȞĲȚțĮĲȐıĲĮıȘĲȠȣȘȜİțĲȡȚțȠȪțĮȜȦįȓȠȣʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮİțĲİȜȠȪȞĲĮȚ

ĮʌȠțȜİȚıĲȚțȐĮʌȩİȟȠȣıȚȠįȠĲȘȝȑȞĮțȑȞĲȡĮĲİȤȞȚțȒȢȣʌȠıĲȒȡȚȟȘȢȈȑȡȕȚȢȒĮʌȩ

ĲİȤȞȚțȠȪȢĲȘȢ$ULHWHȫıĲİȞĮĮʌȠĳİȪȖİĲĮȚȠʌȠȚȠıįȒʌȠĲİțȓȞįȣȞȠȢ

ƲǒǐǆǊǅǐǑǐǀǈǔǈǄǊǂǆǄǋǂǞǍǂǕǂ

ȂȘȞțĮĲİȣșȪȞİĲİʌȠĲȑĲȠȗİıĲȩȞİȡȩȒĲȠȞĮĲȝȩʌȐȞȦıĮȢȤİȚȡȚıĲİȓĲİȝİʌȡȠıȠ-

ȤȒĲȠȞıȦȜȒȞĮĮĲȝȠȪțȓȞįȣȞȠȢİȖțĮȣȝȐĲȦȞ

ǵĲĮȞȜİȚĲȠȣȡȖİȓȘȝȘȤĮȞȒȝȘȞĮȖȖȓȗİĲİĲĮİȟȦĲİȡȚțȐȝİĲĮȜȜȚțȐĲȝȒȝĮĲȐĲȘȢțĮȚ

ĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣȖȚĮĲȓȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮʌȐșİĲİȑȖțĮȣȝĮ

ǹȞįİȞİțȡȑİȚȞİȡȩĮʌȩĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĲȠȣĳȓȜĲȡȠȣȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮȑȤİȚĳȡȐȟİȚĲȠĳȓȜ-

ĲȡȠȈĲȘȞʌİȡȓʌĲȦıȘĮȣĲȒĮĳĮȚȡȑıĲİʌȡȠıİțĲȚțȐĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣȖȚĮĲȓȘ

ĲȣȤȩȞȣʌȠȜİȚȝȝĮĲȚțȒʌȓİıȘȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮʌȡȠțĮȜȑıİȚʌȚĲıȚȜȓıȝĮĲĮȒİțĲȩȟİȣıȘ

ȈĲȘıȣȞȑȤİȚĮțĮșĮȡȓıĲİĲȘȞıȪȝĳȦȞĮȝİĲȚȢȠįȘȖȓİȢĲȘȢıȤİĲȚțȒȢʌĮȡĮȖȡȐĳȠȣ

Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ²ǖǌǊǋƾǓǇǈǍǊƾǓ

ȉȠʌȠșİĲȒıĲİĲȘıȣıțİȣȒıİȑȞĮıĲĮșİȡȩİʌȓʌİįȠȩʌȠȣįİȞȣʌȐȡȤİȚțȓȞįȣȞȠȢ

ȞĮĮȞĮʌȠįȠȖȣȡȓıİȚ

ȂȘȞȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓĲİĲȘıȣıțİȣȒȤȦȡȓȢȞİȡȩȖȚĮĲȓșĮțĮİȓȘĮȞĲȜȓĮ

ȂȘȞȖİȝȓȗİĲİʌȠĲȑĲȠįȠȤİȓȠĲȠȣȞİȡȠȪȝİȗİıĲȩȒțĮȣĲȩȞİȡȩ

ȂȘȞĲȠʌȠșİĲİȓĲİĲȘıȣıțİȣȒʌȐȞȫıİȗİıĲȑȢİʌȚĳȐȞİȚİȢȒțȠȞĲȐıİȖȣȝȞȑȢĳȜȩ-

ȖİȢȖȚĮȞĮȝȘȞȖȓȞİȚȗȘȝȚȐıĲȠʌİȡȓȕȜȘȝȐĲȘȢ

ȉȠțĮȜȫįȚȠȘȜİțĲȡȠįȩĲȘıȘȢįİȞʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮĮțȠȣȝʌȐİȚıİȗİıĲȑȢİʌȚĳȐȞİȚİȢ

ȂȘȞȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓĲİĮİȡȚȠȪȤȠȞİȡȩʌȠȣʌİȡȚȑȤİȚįȚȠȟİȓįȚȠĲȠȣȐȞșȡĮțĮ

ȂȘȞȕȐȗİĲİıĲȠĳȓȜĲȡȠțĮȝȓĮȐȜȜȘȠȣıȓĮİțĲȩȢĮʌȩțĮĳȑıİıțȩȞȘȂʌȠȡİȓȞĮ

ȖȓȞİȚıȠȕĮȡȒȗȘȝȚȐıĲȘȞıȣıțİȣȒ



ȂȘȡȣșȝȓȗİĲİʌȠĲȑĲȠȕĮșȝȩȐȜİıȘȢțĮĲȐĲȘįȚȐȡțİȚĮȜİȚĲȠȣȡȖȓĮȢĲȠȣȝȪȜȠȣțĮȚȝȘȞ

ȕȐȗİĲİıİțĮȝȓĮʌİȡȓʌĲȦıȘĮȜİıȝȑȞȠțĮĳȑıĲȠįȠȤİȓȠțĮĳȑĮȜȜȐĮʌȠțȜİȚıĲȚțȐ

țĮĳȑıİțȩțțȠȣȢǾȝȑȖȚıĲȘȤȦȡȘĲȚțȩĲȘĲĮĲȠȣįȠȤİȓȠȣțĮĳȑıİțȩțțȠȣȢİȓȞĮȚJ

ȂȘȞĮĳȒȞİĲİĲȘȝȘȤĮȞȒıİșİȡȝȠțȡĮıȓĮʌİȡȚȕȐȜȜȠȞĲȠȢȤĮȝȘȜȩĲİȡȘĮʌȩ&

ȖȚĮĲȓȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮʌĮȖȫıİȚĲȠȞİȡȩʌȠȣȑȤİȚȝİȓȞİȚȝȑıĮıĲȠȜȑȕȘĲĮțĮȚȞĮʌȡȠȟİ-

ȞȒıİȚȗȘȝȚȑȢ

ȂȘȞȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓĲİĲȘıȣıțİȣȒıİȣʌĮȓșȡȚȠȤȫȡȠ

ȂȘȞĮĳȒȞİĲİĲȘıȣıțİȣȒİțĲİșİȚȝȑȞȘıĲȠȣȢĮĲȝȠıĳĮȚȡȚțȠȪȢʌĮȡȐȖȠȞĲİȢȕȡȠ-

ȤȒȒȜȚȠțȜʌ

ǹĳȠȪȕȖȐȜİĲİĲȠĳȚȢĮʌȩĲȘȞʌȡȓȗĮțĮȚĮĳȠȪțȡȣȫıȠȣȞĲĮȗİıĲȐİȟĮȡĲȒȝĮĲĮ

ȘıȣıțİȣȒʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮțĮșĮȡȚıĲİȓĮʌȠțȜİȚıĲȚțȐȝİȑȞĮȝĮȜĮțȩʌĮȞȓȝȩȜȚȢȕȠȣ-

ĲȘȖȝȑȞȠıĲȠȞİȡȩȝİȜȓȖİȢıĲĮȖȩȞİȢȠȣįȑĲİȡȠȣĮʌȠȡȡȣʌĮȞĲȚțȠȪțȠȣȗȓȞĮȢȝȘȞ

ȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓĲİʌȠĲȑįȚĮȜȪĲİȢʌȠȣȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮțȐȞȠȣȞȗȘȝȚȐıĲĮʌȜĮıĲȚțȐ

ƷƶƭƣưƵƧƣƶƵƧƴƵƫƴƱƦƩƥƫƧƴ

ƲƧƳƫƥƳƣƷƩƵƺƯƧưƣƳƵƩƮƣƵƺƯ

$ ǻȠȤİȓȠȞİȡȠȪ

% ȈȦȜȒȞĮȢĮĲȝȠȪ

&ǹțȡȠĳȪıȚȠĮĲȝȠȪ

'ĭȓȜĲȡȠțĮĳȑ

( ȈȠȣȡȦĲȒȡȚ

)  ȊʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣ

*ȆȚİıĲȘȡȐțȚ

+ǺİȜȩȞĮțĮșĮȡȚıȝȠȪ

, ȀĮȜȫįȚȠĲȡȠĳȠįȠıȓĮȢ

- ȈȤȐȡĮȖȚĮĲĮĳȜȚĲȗȐȞȚĮ

. ȁİțĮȞȐțȚıȣȜȜȠȖȒȢıĲĮȖȩȞȦȞ

/ ȂȪȜȠȢȐȜİıȘȢțĮĳȑ

0ǻȠȤİȓȠțĮĳȑıİțȩțțȠȣȢ

1ȀĮʌȐțȚĲȠȣįȠȤİȓȠȣțĮĳȑ

2ȂȠȤȜȩȢĮʌİȜİȣșȑȡȦıȘȢĲȠȣįȠȤİȓȠȣțĮĳȑ

3 ȀĮʌȐțȚįȠȤİȓȠȣ

4ȀȠȣȝʌȓʌĮȡȠȤȒȢĮĲȝȠȪ

5ȆȜȒțĲȡȠʌĮȡȠȤȒȢțĮĳȑȝİİȞįİȚțĲȚțȩȜĮȝʌȐțȚ



6 ȆȜȒțĲȡȠȜİȚĲȠȣȡȖȓĮȢȝİİȞįİȚțĲȚțȩȜĮȝʌȐțȚ



7  ȆȜȒțĲȡȠȜİȚĲȠȣȡȖȓĮȢĮĲȝȠȪȝİİȞįİȚțĲȚțȩȜĮȝʌȐțȚ



ƴǕǐǊǘǆǀǂǂǎǂǄǎǟǒǊǔǈǓ

ȈĲȘȞʌȚȞĮțȓįĮʌȠȣȕȡȓıțİĲĮȚțȐĲȦĮʌȩĲȘȕȐıȘȑįȡĮıȘȢĲȘȢȝȘȤĮȞȒȢĮȞĮȖȡȐĳȠȞĲĮȚĲĮʌĮȡĮțȐĲȦıĲȠȚȤİȓĮ

ĮȞĮȖȞȫȡȚıȘȢ

 țĮĲĮıțİȣĮıĲȚțȩȢȠȓțȠȢțĮȚıȒȝĮȞıȘ&(ǼȅȀ

 ȝȠȞĲȑȜȠȂȠG

 ĮȡıİȚȡȐȢ61

 ȘȜİțĲȡȚțȒĲȐıȘĲȡȠĳȠįȩĲȘıȘȢ9țĮȚıȣȤȞȩĲȘĲĮȢ+]

 țĮĲĮȞĮȜȚıțȩȝİȞȘȘȜİțĲȡȚțȒȚıȤȪȢ:

 ʌȡȐıȚȞȠĲȘȜȑĳȦȞȠįȦȡİȐȞțȜȒıȘĲİȤȞȚțȒȢȣʌȠıĲȒȡȚȟȘ

ǵĲĮȞĮʌİȣșȪȞİıĲİıĲĮǼȟȠȣıȚȠįȠĲȘȝȑȞĮȀȑȞĲȡĮȊʌȠıĲȒȡȚȟȘȢȈȑȡȕȚȢȞĮĮȞĮĳȑȡİĲİĲȠȝȠȞĲȑȜȠțĮȚĲȠȞ

ĮȡȚșȝȩıİȚȡȐȢĲȘȢȝȘȤĮȞȒȢ

ƱƦƩƥƫƧƴƥƫƣƵƩƸƳƩƴƩ

ƪƾǔǈǔǆǌǆǊǕǐǖǒǄǀǂ

ǹĳĮȚȡȑıĲİĲĮȣȜȚțȐıȣıțİȣĮıȓĮȢțĮȚȕİȕĮȚȦșİȓĲİʌȦȢȣʌȐȡȤȠȣȞȩȜĮĲĮİȟĮȡĲȒȝĮĲĮ

ȉȠʌȠșİĲȒıĲİĲȘıȣıțİȣȒʌȐȞȦıİȝȚĮİʌȓʌİįȘțĮȚıĲĮșİȡȒİʌȚĳȐȞİȚĮ

ǹĳĮȚȡȑıĲİĮʌȩĲȘıȣıțİȣȒĲȠįȠȤİȓȠĲȠȣȞİȡȠȪȆȜȪȞĲİĲȠįȠȤİȓȠțĮĲȐĲȘȞʌȡȫĲȘȤȡȒıȘțĮȚȖİȝȓıĲİĲȠȝİ

ȞȦʌȩĳȣıȚțȩȞİȡȩȝȑȤȡȚĲȘȝȑȖȚıĲȘıĲȐșȝȘ³0$;´ĳȡȠȞĲȓȗȠȞĲĮȢıĲȘıȣȞȑȤİȚĮȞĮĲȠȕȐȜİĲİıȦıĲȐıĲȘȞ

ȑįȡĮĲȠȣǼȚțīȚĮȞĮİȟĮıĳĮȜȓıİĲİĲȘıȦıĲȒȜİȚĲȠȣȡȖȓĮĲȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢʌȚȑıĲİĲȑȡȝĮĲȠįȠȤİȓȠ

ȉȠįȠȤİȓȠȖİȝȓȗİȚȝȩȞȠĮʌȩʌȐȞȦȤȪȞȠȞĲĮȢĲȠȞİȡȩıĲȠİȚįȚțȩįȚĮȝȑȡȚıȝĮĮĳȠȪĮȞĮıȘțȫıİĲİĲȠțĮʌȐțȚ

ǼȚț

ȆȜȪȞĲİĲȠĳȓȜĲȡȠ'țĮȚĲȠțĮʌȐțȚĲȠȣįȠȤİȓȠȣĲȠȣțĮĳȑ

ƲǒǟǕǐƽǎǂǍǍǂ

ǺİȕĮȚȦșİȓĲİʌȦȢȘĲȐıȘĲȠȣȘȜİțĲȡȚțȠȪįȚțĲȪȠȣĮȞĲȚıĲȠȚȤİȓȝİĲȘȞĲȐıȘʌȠȣĮȞĮȖȡȐĳİĲĮȚıĲȘȞʌȚȞĮțȓįĮ

ĲȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢ

ǺȐȜĲİĲȠĳȚȢıĲȘȞʌȡȓȗĮ

ǵĲĮȞĮȞȐȕİĲİȖȚĮʌȡȫĲȘĳȠȡȐĲȘıȣıțİȣȒȒȝİĲȐĮʌȩȝĮțȡȠȤȡȩȞȚĮȝȘȤȡȒıȘıȣȞȚıĲȐĲĮȚȞĮĮĳȒıİĲİȞĮĲȡȑȟİȚ

ĲȠȣȜȐȤȚıĲȠȞȑȞĮĳȜȚĲȗȐȞȚȞİȡȩĮʌȩĲȘȕȐıȘĲȘȢȣʌȠįȠȤȒȢĳȓȜĲȡȠȣȑȤȠȞĲĮȢĲȠʌȠșİĲȒıİȚĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣ

ȈĲİȡİȫıĲİĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣıĲȘȞȑįȡĮĲȘȢȤȦȡȓȢȞĮȕȐȜİĲİțĮȞȑȞĮĳȓȜĲȡȠ

ȆĮĲȒıĲİĲȠʌȜȒțĲȡȠȜİȚĲȠȣȡȖȓĮȢ

 

ȉȠİȞįİȚțĲȚțȩȜĮȝʌȐțȚĲȠȣʌȜȒțĲȡȠȣĮȞȐȕİȚȝȩȞȚȝĮȂİĲȐĮʌȩȜȓȖĮ

ȜİʌĲȐĲȠİȞįİȚțĲȚțȩȜĮȝʌȐțȚĲȠȣʌȜȒțĲȡȠȣʌĮȡȠȤȒȢțĮĳȑ

 

ĮȞȐȕİȚȝȩȞȚȝĮȖȚĮȞĮįİȓȟİȚʌȦȢȠİıȦĲİȡȚțȩȢ

ȜȑȕȘĲĮȢİȓȞĮȚȑĲȠȚȝȠȢȖȚĮĲȘȞʌĮȡȠȤȒțĮĳȑ

ȉȠʌȠșİĲȒıĲİȑȞĮįȠȤİȓȠțȐĲȦĮʌȩĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣǼȚțțĮȚțȐĲȦĮʌȩĲȠıȦȜȘȞȐțȚʌĮȡȠȤȒȢĮĲȝȠȪ

ǼȚț

ȆȚȑıĲİĲȠʌȜȒțĲȡȠʌĮȡȠȤȒȢțĮĳȑǼȚțțĮȚțȡĮĲȒıĲİʌĮĲȘȝȑȞȠĲȠʌȜȒțĲȡȠʌĮȡȠȤȒȢĮĲȝȠȪ4ǼȚț

ȆİȡȚȝȑȞİĲİȝȑȤȡȚȢȩĲȠȣȞĮĮȡȤȓıİȚȘİțȡȠȒȞİȡȠȪĮʌȩĲȠıȦȜȘȞȐțȚĮĲȝȠȪțĮȚȪıĲİȡĮ ĮĳȒıĲİĲȠʌȜȒțĲȡȠ

ʌĮȡȠȤȒȢĮĲȝȠȪ4ȉȠȞİȡȩĮȡȤȓȗİȚȞĮİțȡȑİȚĮʌȩĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣ)ıİĮȣĲȩĲȠıȘȝİȓȠʌȚȑıĲİȟĮȞȐĲȠ

ʌȜȒțĲȡȠʌĮȡȠȤȒȢțĮĳȑǼȚț



ȉȫȡĮȘıȣıțİȣȒİȓȞĮȚȑĲȠȚȝȘȞĮĳĲȚȐȟİȚĲȠȞʌȡȫĲȠțĮĳȑ

ȉȤȟțĲĳȑĳįțȟįıʍįȟįȝįȞȖȑȟıĳıįȤĳȓȟĳșİțįİțȜįĲȔįȜȑȚıĴȡȢȑʍȡȤȠįȟįȟȑȖıĳıĳșȞșȥįȟȓȞıĳȑįʍȪ

ʍȡȝȝȒȣȞȒȢıȣįİȢȑȟıțįȣ

ƲƺƴƯƣƷƵƫƣưƧƵƧƬƣƷƧ

ǼȜȑȖȟĲİĲȘıĲȐșȝȘĲȠȣȞİȡȠȪıĲȠįȠȤİȓȠ$ȕİȕĮȚȦșİȓĲİʌȦȢĲȠįȠȤİȓȠİȓȞĮȚıȦıĲȐĲȠʌȠșİĲȘȝȑȞȠıĲȘȞȑįȡĮ

ĲȠȣȉȠʌȠșİĲȒıĲİĲȠĳȓȜĲȡȠ'ȝȑıĮıĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣ)

ǺȐȜĲİĲȠȞțĮĳȑıİțȩțțȠȣȢıĲȠįȠȤİȓȠțĮĳȑǼȚț

ȂȘȞȕȐȗİĲİȣʌİȡȕȠȜȚțȒʌȠıȩĲȘĲĮțȩțțȦȞțĮĳȑȆȡȑʌİȚ

ȞĮțȜİȓȞİĲİĲȠțĮʌȐțȚĲȠȣįȠȤİȓȠȣțĮĳȑʌȐȞȦıĲȠįȠȤİȓȠ

ǺȟȖȑȘıĳıȝȔȗȡȤȣȜȪȜȜȡȤȣȜįĴȒȜȑȚıĴȡȢȑȚįįʍȡȝįȞȖȑȟıĳıȒȟįȟȜįĴȒʍȑȟĳįȞıĴȢȒĲȜȡȥįȢȞȑȟț

ȃșȟȖȑȘıĳıʍȡĳȒȜįĴȒĲıĲȜȪȟșĲĳȡİȡȥıȔȡĳȡȤȜįĴȒĲıȜȪȜȜȡȤȣ0

ƳǞǉǍǊǔǈǕǐǖǃǂǉǍǐǞƽǌǆǔǈǓ

ȂʌȠȡİȓĲİȞĮĮȜȑıİĲİĲȠȞțĮĳȑĮȞȐȜȠȖĮȝİĲȠȕĮșȝȩȐȜİıȘȢʌȠȣİʌȚșȣȝİȓĲİȤȠȞĲȡȒȒȜİʌĲȒȐȜİıȘ

ȅȕĮșȝȩȢȐȜİıȘȢİʌȘȡİȐȗİȚĲȘȖİȪıȘ±ȜȚȖȩĲİȡȠȒʌİȡȚııȩĲİȡȠįȣȞĮĲȩȢ±țĮȚʌȩıȠțĮȧȝȐțȚșĮȑȤİȚȂʌȠȡİȓ-

ĲİȞĮįȠțȚȝȐıİĲİȞĮĮȜȜȐȟİĲİĮȣĲȒĲȘȞʌĮȡȐȝİĲȡȠȖȚĮȞĮȕȡİȓĲİĲȘȞĲȑȜİȚĮȖİȪıȘȖȚĮĲȠȞțĮĳȑıĮȢ

ȆȐȞȦıĲȠįȠȤİȓȠĲȠȣțĮĳȑıİțȩțțȠȣȢȣʌȐȡȤİȚȝȚĮįȚĮȕȐșȝȚıȘĮʌȩĲȠȝȑȤȡȚĲȠȅȚȝİȖĮȜȪĲİȡȠȚĮȡȚșȝȠȪ

ĮȞĲȚıĲȠȚȤȠȪȞıİʌȚȠȤȠȞĲȡȒȐȜİıȘȅȚȝİȖĮȜȪĲİȡȠȚĮȡȚșȝȠȪĮȞĲȚıĲȠȚȤȠȪȞıİʌȚȠȥȚȜȒȐȜİıȘǻȠțȚȝȐıĲİȞĮ

ĳĲȚȐȟİĲİȑȞĮȞțĮĳȑȝİȕĮșȝȩȐȜİıȘȢȓıȠȝİȈĲȘıȣȞȑȤİȚĮĮȜȜȐȟĲİĲȠȕĮșȝȩȐȜİıȘȢȖȚĮȞĮȕȡİȓĲİĲȘȞĲȑȜİȚĮ

ȖİȪıȘȖȚĮĲȠȞțĮĳȑıĮȢ

īȚĮȞĮȡȣșȝȓıİĲİĲȠȕĮșȝȩȐȜİıȘȢĲȠȣțĮĳȑȜİʌĲȠțȠȝȝȑȞȠȢȒȤȠȞĲȡȠțȠȝȝȑȞȠȢʌĮĲȒıĲİʌȡȠȢĲĮțȐĲȦĲȠ

ȝȠȤȜȩĮʌİȜİȣșȑȡȦıȘȢ2ĲȠȣįȠȤİȓȠȣțĮĳȑȆİȡȚıĲȡȑȥĲİĲȠįȠȤİȓȠĲȠȣțĮĳȑʌȡȠȢĲĮįİȟȚȐĮȞșȑȜİĲİȜİʌĲȒ

ȐȜİıȘȒʌȡȠȢĲĮĮȡȚıĲİȡȐĮȞșȑȜİĲİȤȠȞĲȡȒȐȜİıȘǼȚț

Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ

ǾİȡȖĮıȓĮĮȣĲȒʌȡȑʌİȚȠʌȦıįȒʌȠĲİȞĮİțĲİȜİȓĲĮȚȝİıȕȘıĲȩĲȠȝȪȜȠȐȜİıȘȢ

ǾİȡȖĮıȓĮʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮİțĲİȜİıĲİȓȝİĲȠʌȠșİĲȘȝȑȞȠĲȠțĮʌȐțȚ1ĲȠȣįȠȤİȓȠȣțĮĳȑ

ƲǂǒǐǘƿǕǐǖǋǂǗƾ

ǺȐȜĲİĲȠĳȚȢıĲȘȞʌȡȓȗĮ

ȆĮĲȒıĲİĲȠʌȜȒțĲȡȠȜİȚĲȠȣȡȖȓĮȢ

 

ȉȠİȞįİȚțĲȚțȩȜĮȝʌȐțȚĲȠȣʌȜȒțĲȡȠȣĮȞȐȕİȚȝȩȞȚȝĮȉȠİȞįİȚțĲȚțȩȜĮ-

ȝʌȐțȚĲȠȣʌȜȒțĲȡȠȣʌĮȡȠȤȒȢțĮĳȑ

 

ĮȞȐȕİȚȝȩȞȚȝĮȖȚĮȞĮįİȓȟİȚʌȦȢȠİıȦĲİȡȚțȩȢȜȑȕȘĲĮȢİȓȞĮȚȑĲȠȚȝȠȢ

ȖȚĮĲȘȞʌĮȡȠȤȒțĮĳȑ

ȉȠʌȠșİĲȒıĲİĲȠĳȓȜĲȡȠıĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣǼȚț

ȉȠʌȠșİĲȒıĲİĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣțȐĲȦĮʌȩĲȠȝȪȜȠȐȜİıȘȢțĮĳȑǼȚțȆİȡȐıĲİĲĮʌĲİȡȪȖȚĮĲȘȢȣʌȠ-

įȠȤȒȢĳȓȜĲȡȠȣıĲȘȕȐıȘțȐĲȦĮʌȩĲȠȝȪȜȠȐȜİıȘȢĲȠȣțĮĳȑȀȐșİĳȠȡȐʌȠȣʌȚȑȗİĲİĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĲȠȣ

ĳȓȜĲȡȠȣ)țȩȞĲȡĮıĲȘȕȐıȘțȐĲȦĮʌȩĲȠȝȪȜȠȐȜİıȘȢțĮĳȑșĮʌȑĳĲİȚȠțĮĳȑȢıİıțȩȞȘĮʌȩĲȠȝȪȜȠǾ

ʌȠıȩĲȘĲĮĲȠȣĮȜİıȝȑȞȠȣțĮĳȑİʌȘȡİȐȗİȚĲȘȖİȪıȘ±ȜȚȖȩĲİȡȠȒʌİȡȚııȩĲİȡȠįȣȞĮĲȩȢ±țĮȚʌȩıȠțĮȧȝȐțȚ

șĮȑȤİȚ

ʍȢȒʍıțȟįʍțȒĲıĳıȞıĳȡʍțıĲĳșȢȑȜțĳȡȟįȝıĲȞȒȟȡȜįĴȒĲĳșȟȤʍȡİȡȥȓĴȔȝĳȢȡȤǽțȜ

ǹıĳĮȜȓıĲİĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣıĲȘȞȑįȡĮĲȘȢ

Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ

ȈȣıĳȓȟĲİĲȘȞțĮȜȐʌİȡȚıĲȡȑĳȠȞĲȐȢĲȘȞĮʌȩĲĮĮȡȚıĲİȡȐʌȡȠȢĲĮįİȟȚȐțĮȚȕİȕĮȚȦșİȓĲİʌȦȢȑȤİĲİ

ĮıĳĮȜȓıİȚțĮȜȐĲȘĳȜȐȞĲȗĮǼȚț

ǹȞȕȐȜİĲİıĲȠĳȓȜĲȡȠȣʌİȡȕȠȜȚțȒʌȠıȩĲȘĲĮțĮĳȑȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮțĮĲĮıĲİȓįȣıȤİȡȒȢȘʌİȡȚıĲȡȠĳȒĲȘȢ

ȣʌȠįȠȤȒȢĳȓȜĲȡȠȣȒțĮȚțĮĲȐĲȘȞʌĮȡȠȤȒĲȠȣțĮĳȑȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮʌĮȡȠȣıȚĮıĲȠȪȞįȚĮȡȡȠȑȢĮʌȩĲȘȞ

ȣʌȠįȠȤȒ

ȈȣȞȚıĲȠȪȝİȞĮĮĳȒıİĲİĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣȞĮȗİıĲĮșİȓıĲȘȞȑįȡĮĲȘȢȖȚĮȝİȡȚțȐȜİʌĲȐʌȡȚȞĳĲȚȐȟİĲİțĮĳȑ

ȫıĲİȞĮİȓȞĮȚĮȡțİĲȐȗİıĲȩȢțĮȚȠʌȡȫĲȠȢțĮĳȑȢǾįȚĮįȚțĮıȓĮĮȣĲȒįİȞȤȡİȚȐȗİĲĮȚȖȚĮĲȠȣȢİʌȩȝİȞȠȣȢ

țĮĳȑįİȢ

ǵĲĮȞĲȠİȞįİȚțĲȚțȩȜĮȝʌȐțȚĲȠȣʌȜȒțĲȡȠȣʌĮȡȠȤȒȢțĮĳȑ

 

ʌĮȡĮȝȑȞİȚȝȩȞȚȝĮĮȞĮȝȝȑȞȠȘıȣıțİȣȒȑȤİȚĲȘ

ıȦıĲȒșİȡȝȠțȡĮıȓĮİȓȞĮȚȑĲȠȚȝȘȖȚĮĲȘȤȡȒıȘ

ȆĮĲȒıĲİĲȠʌȜȒțĲȡȠʌĮȡȠȤȒȢțĮĳȑ ȖȚĮȞĮȟİțȚȞȒıİȚȘʌĮȡȠȤȒĲȠȣțĮĳȑǼȚț

ȀĮĲȐĲȘȞįȚȐȡțİȚĮʌĮȡȠȤȒȢșĮĮȞĮȕȠıȕȒȞİȚĲȠİȞįİȚțĲȚțȩȜĮȝʌȐțȚĲȠȣʌȜȒțĲȡȠȣʌĮȡȠȤȒȢțĮĳȑ

 



īȚĮȞĮįȚĮțȩȥİĲİĲȘȞʌĮȡȠȤȒʌȚȑıĲİȟĮȞȐĲȠʌȜȒțĲȡȠʌĮȡȠȤȒȢțĮĳȑ 

Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ

ǵʌȦȢțĮȚıĲȚȢİʌĮȖȖİȜȝĮĲȚțȑȢȝȘȤĮȞȑȢțĮĳȑįİȞʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮȕȖȐȗİĲİĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣȩĲĮȞİȓȞĮȚ

İȞİȡȖȠʌȠȚȘȝȑȞȠĲȠʌȜȒțĲȡȠʌĮȡȠȤȒȢ

Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ

ǵĲĮȞĲİȜİȚȫıİȚȘʌĮȡȠȤȒĲȠȣțĮĳȑʌİȡȚȝȑȞİĲİįȑțĮįİȣĲİȡȩȜİʌĲĮʌİȡȓʌȠȣʌȡȚȞĮĳĮȚȡȑıİĲİĲȘȞȣʌȠ-

įȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣȈĲȘıȣȞȑȤİȚĮĮĳĮȚȡȑıĲİĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣȖȣȡȓȗȠȞĲȐȢĲȘȞĮȡȖȐĮʌȩįİȟȚȐʌȡȠȢĲĮ

ĮȡȚıĲİȡȐȫıĲİȞĮĮʌȠĳȪȖİĲİʌȚĲıȚȜȓıȝĮĲĮțĮȚİțĲȠȟİȪıİȚȢȞİȡȠȪȒțĮĳȑ

įȟȜįĳȑĳșȟįȟįȞȡȟȓĳȡȤįĳȞȡȫʍįȢȡȤĲțįĲĳȡȫȟȞțȜȢȒȣİțįĴȤȗȒȣįĳȞȡȫįʍȪĳșȟȤʍȡİȡȥȓĳȡȤĴȔȝ-

ĳȢȡȤʍȢȪȜıțĳįțȗțįȒȟįįʍȪȝȤĳįĴȤĲțȡȝȡȗțȜȪĴįțȟȪȞıȟȡ

ƣǗǂǀǒǆǔǈǕǐǖǗǀǌǕǒǐǖ

īȚĮȞĮĮĳĮȚȡȑıİĲİĲȠĳȓȜĲȡȠĮʌȩĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣʌİȡȚıĲȡȑȥĲİĲȠ¿OWURʌȡȠȢĲĮĮȡȚıĲİȡȐǼȚț

ǹĳĮȚȡȑıĲİĲȠĳȓȜĲȡȠ

ƭǆǊǕǐǖǒǄǀǂǂǖǕǝǍǂǕǐǖǔǃǈǔǀǍǂǕǐǓ

ǹȣĲȒȘȝȘȤĮȞȒțĮĳȑİȓȞĮȚİȟȠʌȜȚıȝȑȞȘȝİıȪıĲȘȝĮĮȣĲȩȝĮĲȠȣıȕȘıȓȝĮĲȠȢıȪȝĳȦȞĮȝİĲȠȣȢȞȑȠȣȢțĮȞȠȞȚ-

ıȝȠȪȢȖȚĮĲȘȞțĮĲĮȞȐȜȦıȘİȞȑȡȖİȚĮȢǹȞİȓȞĮȚĮȞĮȝȝȑȞȘȘȝȘȤĮȞȒĮȜȜȐįİȞĲȘȞȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓĲİȝİĲȐĮʌȩ

ȜİʌĲȐİʌİȝȕĮȓȞİȚȘȜİȚĲȠȣȡȖȓĮĮȣĲȩȝĮĲȠȣıȕȘıȓȝĮĲȠȢīȚĮȞĮĳĲȚȐȟİĲİȑȞĮȞȐȜȜȠțĮĳȑʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮĮȞȐȥİĲİ

ȟĮȞȐĲȘȝȘȤĮȞȒʌĮĲȫȞĲĮȢĲȠʌȜȒțĲȡȠȜİȚĲȠȣȡȖȓĮȢ īȚĮȞĮĮȡȤȓıİĲİĲȘȞʌĮȡȠȤȒțĮĳȑʌİȡȚȝȑȞİĲİȝȑȤȡȚ

ȞĮĮȞȐȥİȚȝȩȞȚȝĮĲȠİȞįİȚțĲȚțȩȜĮȝʌȐțȚĲȠȣʌȜȒțĲȡȠȣʌĮȡȠȤȒȢțĮĳȑ 

ƥƾǍǊǔǍǂǅǐǘǆǀǐǖǎǆǒǐǞǋǂǕƽǕǈǘǒƿǔǈ

ȈȣȞȚıĲȐĲĮȚȞĮİȜȑȖȤİĲİʌȐȞĲĮĲȘıĲȐșȝȘĲȠȣȞİȡȠȪıĲȠįȠȤİȓȠǹȞĲȠįȠȤİȓȠȝİȓȞİȚȤȦȡȓȢȞİȡȩșĮĮȚıșĮȞșİȓ-

ĲİȑȞĮȞțȡĮįĮıȝȩțĮȚșĮĮțȠȣıĲİȓȑȞĮȢįȣȞĮĲȩȢșȩȡȣȕȠȢ

ȈȕȒıĲİĲȘıȣıțİȣȒțĮȚȕȖȐȜĲİĲȠĳȚȢĮʌȩĲȘȞʌȡȓȗĮīİȝȓıĲİĲȠįȠȤİȓȠȝȑȤȡȚĲȘıȘȝİȚȦȝȑȞȘıĲȐșȝȘțĮȚ

ĮȞȐȥĲİȟĮȞȐĲȘıȣıțİȣȒ

ƲƺƴƯƣƷƵƫƣưƧƵƧƧƯƣƯƬƣƲƱƶƵƴƫƯƱ

ĭĲȚȐȟĲİĲȠȞțĮĳȑȆȡȠĲȠȪȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȒıİĲİĲȠıȦȜȘȞȐțȚĮĲȝȠȪȖȚĮĲȘȜİȚĲȠȣȡȖȓĮĮĲȝȠȪȕİȕĮȚȦșİȓĲİʌȦȢ

ȑȤİĲİĮĳĮȚȡȑıİȚĮʌȩĲȘȞȑįȡĮĲȘȢĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣ

īȚĮȞĮĳĲȚȐȟİĲİȑȞĮȞțĮʌȠȣĲıȓȞȠȝȚĮȗİıĲȒıȠțȠȜȐĲĮȒȝȩȞȠȖȚĮȞĮȗİıĲȐȞİĲİȠʌȠȚȠįȒʌȠĲİȡȩĳȘȝĮʌȚȑıĲİ

ĲȠʌȜȒțĲȡȠȜİȚĲȠȣȡȖȓĮȢĮĲȝȠȪ ȖȚĮȞĮİȞİȡȖȠʌȠȚȒıİĲİĲȘȜİȚĲȠȣȡȖȓĮĲȠȣĮĲȝȠȪǼȚț

ȉȠİȞįİȚțĲȚțȩ

ȜĮȝʌȐțȚĲȠȣʌȜȒțĲȡȠȣȜİȚĲȠȣȡȖȓĮȢĮĲȝȠȪĮȡȤȓȗİȚȞĮĮȞĮȕȠıȕȒȞİȚȖȚĮȞĮįİȓȟİȚʌȦȢȠİıȦĲİȡȚțȩȢȜȑȕȘĲĮȢ

ĮȡȤȓȗİȚȞĮȗİıĲĮȓȞİĲĮȚ

įȟȜįĳȑĳșȟįȟįȞȡȟȓĳȡȤįĳȞȡȫʍįȢȡȤĲțįĲĳȡȫȟȞțȜȢȒȣİțįĴȤȗȒȣįĳȞȡȫįʍȪĳșȟȤʍȡİȡȥȓĳȡȤĴȔȝ-

ĳȢȡȤʍȢȪȜıțĳįțȗțįȒȟįįʍȪȝȤĳįĴȤĲțȡȝȡȗțȜȪĴįțȟȪȞıȟȡ

ȉȠʌȠșİĲȒıĲİĲȠıȦȜȘȞȐțȚĮĲȝȠȪȝȑıĮıĲȠįȠȤİȓȠĲȠȣȖȐȜĮțĲȠȢʌȠȣșȑȜİĲİȞĮțĲȣʌȒıİĲİǼȚț



Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ

ȀȓȞįȣȞȠȢİȖțĮȣȝȐĲȦȞȃĮʌȚȐȞİĲİĲȠıȦȜȘȞȐțȚĮĲȝȠȪĮʌȠțȜİȚıĲȚțȐĮʌȩĲȠțĮȠȣĲıȠȣțȑȞȚȠĲȝȒȝĮĲȠȣ

ǵĲĮȞĲȠİȞįİȚțĲȚțȩȜĮȝʌȐțȚĲȠȣʌȜȒțĲȡȠȣȜİȚĲȠȣȡȖȓĮȢĮĲȝȠȪ

 

ʌĮȡĮȝȑȞİȚȝȩȞȚȝĮĮȞĮȝȝȑȞȠʌȚȑıĲİĲȠʌȜȒ-

țĲȡȠʌĮȡȠȤȒȢĮĲȝȠȪ4ȖȚĮȞĮȟİțȚȞȒıİĲİĲȘįȚĮįȚțĮıȓĮʌĮȡȠȤȒȢǼȚț

ǺȣșȓıĲİțĮȜȐĲȠıȦȜȘȞȐțȚĮĲȝȠȪȝȑıĮıĲȠȖȐȜĮȆȚȑıĲİĲȠʌȜȒțĲȡȠʌĮȡȠȤȒȢĮĲȝȠȪ4ıİȜȓȖȠșĮįİȓĲİȞĮ

ĮȞİȕĮȓȞİȚʌȣțȞȩțĮȚĮĳȡȫįİȢțĮȧȝȐțȚ

īȚĮȞĮįȚĮțȩȥİĲİĲȘȞʌĮȡȠȤȒĲȠȣĮĲȝȠȪĮĳȒıĲİĲȠʌȜȒțĲȡȠʌĮȡȠȤȒȢĮĲȝȠȪ4

ȃıĳȑįʍȪȜȑȚıȥȢȓĲșȟįȜȑȟıĳıʍįȢȡȥȓįĳȞȡȫȗțįȝȔȗįİıȤĳıȢȪȝıʍĳįȬĲĳıȟįįʍıȝıȤȚıȢȬȟıĳįțș

ȡʍȓĳȡȤįȜȢȡĴȤĲȔȡȤįʍȪĳȤȥȪȜįĳȑȝȡțʍįȗȑȝįȜĳȡȣ

īȚĮȞĮĮʌİȞİȡȖȠʌȠȚȒıİĲİĲȘȜİȚĲȠȣȡȖȓĮĮĲȝȠȪʌȚȑıĲİȟĮȞȐĲȠʌȜȒțĲȡȠȜİȚĲȠȣȡȖȓĮȢĮĲȝȠȪ ǾȝȘȤĮȞȒșĮ

ʌİȡȐıİȚĮȣĲȩȝĮĲĮıĲȚȢȕȑȜĲȚıĲİȢıȣȞșȒțİȢʌĮȡȠȤȒȢțĮĳȑ

ƧƲƣƯƣƸƳƩƴƫƮƱƲƱƫƩƴƩƥƫƣƬƣƷƧ

īȚĮȞĮʌİȡȐıİĲİĮʌȩĲȘȞʌĮȡĮȖȦȖȒĮĲȝȠȪıĲȘȞʌĮȡĮȖȦȖȒțĮĳȑʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮʌİȡȚȝȑȞİĲİȞĮțȡȣȫıİȚȠȜȑ-

ȕȘĲĮȢ

ȉȠʌȠșİĲȒıĲİȑȞĮįȠȤİȓȠțȐĲȦĮʌȩĲȠıȦȜȘȞȐțȚʌĮȡȠȤȒȢĮĲȝȠȪǼȚț

ȆȚȑıĲİĲȠʌȜȒțĲȡȠʌĮȡȠȤȒȢțĮĳȑ țĮȚțȡĮĲȒıĲİʌĮĲȘȝȑȞȠĲȠʌȜȒțĲȡȠʌĮȡȠȤȒȢĮĲȝȠȪ4ȖȚĮȞĮİțȡİȪ-

ıİȚȠȣʌȠȜİȚȝȝĮĲȚțȩȢĮĲȝȩȢțĮȚȞĮțȡȣȫıİȚȠȜȑȕȘĲĮȢ

ȆİȡȚȝȑȞİĲİȝȑȤȡȚȞĮĮȡȤȓıİȚȘİțȡȠȒȞİȡȠȪĮʌȩĲȠ

ıȦȜȘȞȐțȚĮĲȝȠȪ

ȆȡȠĲȠȪĳĲȚȐȟİĲİĲȠȞțĮĳȑʌİȡȚȝȑȞİĲİȞĮĮȞȐȥİȚȝȩȞȚȝĮĲȠİȞįİȚțĲȚțȩȜĮȝʌȐțȚĲȠȣʌȜȒțĲȡȠȣʌĮȡȠȤȒȢțĮĳȑ

 

ƴƶƮƤƱƶƭƧƴƥƫƣƯƣƧƲƫƵƶƸƧƵƧƧƯƣƯƬƣƭƱƫƵƣƭƫƬƱƬƣƷƧ

ȅȕĮșȝȩȢȐȜİıȘȢȘʌȠıȩĲȘĲĮĮȜİıȝȑȞȠȣțĮĳȑȠȕĮșȝȩȢʌȓİıȘȢĲȠȣțĮĳȑıĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣțĮȚȘ

įȚȐȡțİȚĮʌĮȡȠȤȒȢȞİȡȠȪİʌȘȡİȐȗȠȣȞĲȘȖİȪıȘĲȠȣțĮĳȑĲȠȞȑȞĲĮıȘȜȚȖȩĲİȡȠȒʌİȡȚııȩĲİȡȠįȣȞĮĲȩȢțĮȚ

ʌȩıȠțĮȧȝȐțȚșĮȑȤİȚȂʌȠȡİȓĲİȞĮįȠțȚȝȐıİĲİȞĮĮȜȜȐȟİĲİȝȓĮȒʌİȡȚııȩĲİȡİȢĮʌȩĮȣĲȑȢĲȚȢʌĮȡĮȝȑĲȡȠȣȢ

ȖȚĮȞĮȕȡİȓĲİĲȘȞĲȑȜİȚĮȖİȪıȘȖȚĮĲȠȞțĮĳȑıĮȢ

ǹȞİʌȚȜȑȟİĲİȜİʌĲȩĲİȡȠȐȜİıȝĮșȣȝȘșİȓĲİȞĮĮȣȟȒıİĲİĲȘȞʌȠıȩĲȘĲĮĲȠȣĮȜİıȝȑȞȠȣțĮĳȑıĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜ-

ĲȡȠȣțĮȚȞĮʌȚȑıİĲİȜȚȖȩĲİȡȠĲȠȞțĮĳȑȝİĲȠʌȚİıĲȘȡȐțȚįȚĮĳȠȡİĲȚțȐȠțĮĳȑȢșĮȖȓȞİȚȞİȡȠȣȜȩȢǹȞĲȓșİĲĮĮȞ

ȠȕĮșȝȩȢȐȜİıȘȢİȓȞĮȚȤĮȝȘȜȩȢȤȠȞĲȡȩȐȜİıȝĮȝİȚȫıĲİĲȘȞʌȠıȩĲȘĲĮĲȠȣĮȜİıȝȑȞȠȣțĮĳȑıĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒ

ĳȓȜĲȡȠȣțĮȚʌȚȑıĲİʌİȡȚııȩĲİȡȠĲȠȞțĮĳȑȝİĲȠʌȚİıĲȘȡȐțȚ

ȅĮȜİıȝȑȞȠȢțĮĳȑȢȝȑıĮıĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮʌȚȑȗİĲĮȚİȜĮĳȡȐ

ĭȣȜȐȟĲİĲȠȞțĮĳȑıİțȩțțȠȣȢıİȑȞĮțȜİȚıĲȩįȠȤİȓȠıİįȡȠıİȡȩțĮȚȩȤȚȣȖȡȩȝȑȡȠȢǹȞİȓȞĮȚįȣȞĮĲȩȞ

įȚĮĲȘȡȒıĲİĲȠȞțĮĳȑĮİȡȠıĲİȖȫȢȃĮĮȖȠȡȐȗİĲİțĮĳȑıİȝȚțȡȑȢʌȠıȩĲȘĲİȢȫıĲİȞĮȑȤİĲİʌȐȞĲĮĳȡȑıțȠ

țĮĳȑȖȚĮȐȜİıȘ

ƴƶƯƵƩƳƩƴƩƵƩƴƴƶƴƬƧƶƩƴ

ƣǑǆǌǆǖǉƾǒǚǔǈǕǐǖǍǞǌǐǖƽǌǆǔǈǓǋǂǗƾ

ȈĲȘȞʌİȡȓʌĲȦıȘʌȠȣȝʌȜȠțȐȡİȚȠȝȪȜȠȢȐȜİıȘȢțĮĳȑĲȠʌȜȒțĲȡȠȜİȚĲȠȣȡȖȓĮȢ șĮĮȡȤȓıİȚȞĮĮȞĮȕȠ-

ıȕȒȞİȚıİįȚĮıĲȒȝĮĲĮįİȣĲİȡȠȜȑʌĲȠȣȂʌȠȡİȓȞĮȠĳİȓȜİĲĮȚıĲȘȞʌĮȡȠȣıȓĮĮțĮșĮȡıȚȫȞĮȞȐȝİıĮıĲȠȣȢ

țȩțțȠȣȢțĮĳȑȩʌȦȢĲıȩĳȜȚĮȒʌİĲȡĮįȐțȚĮʌȠȣȑȤȠȣȞȝʌȜȠțȐȡİȚĲȠȝȪȜȠ

ǹįİȚȐıĲİĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣĮʌȩĲĮțĮĲȐȜȠȚʌĮțĮĳȑıİıțȩȞȘ

ȆȚȑıĲİʌȡȠȢĲĮțȐĲȦĲȠȝȠȤȜȩĮʌİȜİȣșȑȡȦıȘȢ2ĲȠȣįȠȤİȓȠȣțĮĳȑıİțȩțțȠȣȢ

ȆİȡȚıĲȡȑȥĲİĲȠįȠȤİȓȠțĮĳȑıİțȩțțȠȣȢ0ȝȑȤȡȚȞĮİȣșȣȖȡĮȝȝȚıĲİȓĲȠıȪȝȕȠȜȠʌȠȣȣʌȐȡȤİȚıĲȠıȦȜȘȞȐțȚ

ȝİĲȠıȪȝȕȠȜȠʌȠȣȣʌȐȡȤİȚıĲȘȝȘȤĮȞȒǼȚțȅȚĮțĮșĮȡıȓİȢʌȠȣȝʌȜȠțȐȡȚıĮȞĲȠȝȪȜȠșĮʌȑıȠȣȞıĲȠȞ

ĮȖȦȖȩĲȠȣțĮĳȑıİıțȩȞȘ

įȠȤȒȢĳȓȜĲȡȠȣıĲȘȕȐıȘțȐĲȦĮʌȩĲȠȝȪȜȠȐȜİıȘȢĲȠȣțĮĳȑȆȚȑıĲİĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣ)țȩȞĲȡĮıĲȘ

ȕȐıȘțȐĲȦĮʌȩĲȠȝȪȜȠȐȜİıȘȢțĮĳȑ

ǹĳȒıĲİȞĮʌȑıİȚȠĮȜİıȝȑȞȠȢțĮĳȑȢıĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣȆİĲȐȟĲİĲȠȞĮȜİıȝȑȞȠțĮĳȑȖȚĮȞĮĮʌȠȝĮțȡȪ-

ȞİĲİĲȚȢĮțĮșĮȡıȓİȢ

ȇȣșȝȓıĲİĲȠıȦıĲȩȕĮșȝȩȐȜİıȘȢ

ȆȡȠȤȦȡȒıĲİıĲȘȞʌȡȠİĲȠȚȝĮıȓĮĲȠȣțĮĳȑ

ǹȞȠȝȪȜȠȢȐȜİıȘȢțĮĳȑįİȞȟİțȚȞȐİȚțĮȚʌĮȡĮȝȑȞİȚȝʌȜȠțĮȡȚıȝȑȞȠȢȖȚĮĲȡİȚȢįȚĮįȠȤȚțȑȢĳȠȡȑȢșĮĮȡȤȓȗȠȣȞ

ȞĮĮȞĮȕȠıȕȒȞȠȣȞȖȡȒȖȠȡĮĲĮʌȜȒțĲȡĮ ,  țĮȚ 

ȈĲȘȞʌİȡȓʌĲȦıȘĮȣĲȒʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮĮʌİȣșȣȞșİȓĲİıĲȠʌȜȘıȚȑıĲİȡȠİȟȠȣıȚȠįȠĲȘȝȑȞȠțȑȞĲȡȠĲİȤȞȚțȒȢȣʌȠıĲȒ-

ȡȚȟȘȢ

ƬƣƪƣƳƫƴƮƱƴƵƩƴƴƶƴƬƧƶƩƴ

Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ

ȉĮțĲȚțȒıȣȞĲȒȡȘıȘțĮȚțĮșĮȡȚıȝȩȢĲȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢĲȘȞįȚĮĲȘȡȠȪȞıİȐȡȚıĲȘțĮĲȐıĲĮıȘȖȚĮȝİȖȐȜȠ

ȤȡȠȞȚțȩįȚȐıĲȘȝĮȂȘȞʌȜȑȞİĲİʌȠĲȑĲĮİȟĮȡĲȒȝĮĲĮĲȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢıĲȠʌȜȣȞĲȒȡȚȠʌȚȐĲȦȞȂȘȤȡȘıȚ-

ȝȠʌȠȚİȓĲİĮʌİȣșİȓĮȢİțĲȩȟİȣıȘȞİȡȠȪ

ƬǂǉǂǒǊǔǍǝǓǕǐǖǗǀǌǕǒǐǖǑǐǖǑǆǒǊƾǘǆǊǋǂǗƾǔǆǔǋǝǎǈ

ǺİȕĮȚȦșİȓĲİʌȦȢįİȞİȓȞĮȚĳȡĮȖȝȑȞİȢȠȚȠʌȑȢǹĳȒıĲİȞĮĲȡȑȟİȚțĮȣĲȩȞİȡȩȝİĲȠʌȠșİĲȘȝȑȞȘĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒ

ĳȓȜĲȡȠȣȤȦȡȓȢțĮĳȑȖȚĮȞĮįȚĮȜȣșȠȪȞȒȞĮĮʌȠȝĮțȡȣȞșȠȪȞĲĮĲȣȤȩȞțĮĲȐȜȠȚʌĮțĮĳȑȒȐȜȜȦȞĮțĮșĮȡıȚȫȞ

Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ

ǹĳĮȚȡȑıĲİĮȡȖȐĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣȖȚĮĲȓȘİȞįİȤȩȝİȞȘȣʌȠȜİȚȝȝĮĲȚțȒʌȓİıȘȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮʌȡȠțĮȜȑıİȚ

ʌȚĲıȚȜȓıȝĮĲĮ

ȈȣȞȚıĲȐĲĮȚȞĮțĮșĮȡȓȗİĲİʌȡȠıİțĲȚțȐĲȠĳȓȜĲȡȠțȐșİȝȒȞİȢȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȫȞĲĮȢĲĮȝʌȜȑĲİȢȖȚĮĲȠȞțĮșĮȡȚ-

ıȝȩĳȓȜĲȡȦȞʌȠȣįȚĮĲȓșİȞĲĮȚıĲȘȞĮȖȠȡȐĮțȠȜȠȣșȫȞĲĮȢĲȘȞİȟȒȢįȚĮįȚțĮıȓĮ

 ȉȠʌȠșİĲȒıĲİĲȘȞĲĮȝʌȜȑĲĮțĮșĮȡȚıȝȠȪȝȑıĮıĲȠĳȓȜĲȡȠȤȦȡȓȢțĮĳȑȩĲĮȞȘȝȘȤĮȞȒİȓȞĮȚțĮȜȐȗİıĲȒ

ȝİĲȐĮʌȩĲȠȣȜȐȤȚıĲȠȞȜİʌĲȐȗİıĲȐȝĮĲȠȢ

 ȉȠʌȠșİĲȒıĲİĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣıĲȘȝȘȤĮȞȒțĮȚȕȐȜĲİĮʌȩțȐĲȦȑȞĮįȠȤİȓȠ

 ȆȚȑıĲİĲȠʌȜȒțĲȡȠʌĮȡȠȤȒȢțĮĳȑ ȖȚĮȞĮȟİțȚȞȒıİĲİĲȘȞʌĮȡȠȤȒȞİȡȠȪ

 ǻȚĮțȩȥĲİĲȘȡȠȒȞİȡȠȪțĮȚĮĳȒıĲİĲȘȞĲĮȝʌȜȑĲĮĮʌȠȡȡȣʌĮȞĲȚțȠȪȞĮİȞİȡȖȒıİȚȖȚĮĲȠȣȜȐȤȚıĲȠȞȜİʌĲȐ

ĮĳȒȞȠȞĲĮȢĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣĲȠʌȠșİĲȘȝȑȞȘıĲȘıȣıțİȣȒ

 ǼʌĮȞĮȜȐȕİĲİĲȘįȚĮįȚțĮıȓĮʌĮȡȠȤȒȢȞİȡȠȪȆİȡȚȝȑȞİĲİȖȚĮĮțȩȝĮįİȣĲİȡȩȜİʌĲĮǼʌĮȞĮȜȐȕİĲİĲȚȢ

İȡȖĮıȓİȢȝȑȤȡȚȞĮİȟĮȞĲȜȒıİĲİįȪȠįȠȤİȓĮȞİȡȠȪ

 ǹĳĮȚȡȑıĲİĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣĮʌȩĲȘıȣıțİȣȒȕȖȐȜĲİĲȠĳȓȜĲȡȠțĮȚȟİʌȜȪȞĲİĲȠțĮȜȐȝİĲȠȞİȡȩĲȘȢ

ȕȡȪıȘȢ

 ȈȕȒıĲİĲȘȝȘȤĮȞȒȕȖȐȜĲİĲȠĳȚȢĲȠȣțĮȜȦįȓȠȣĮʌȩĲȘȞʌȡȓȗĮțĮȚțĮșĮȡȓıĲİȝİȑȞĮıĳȠȣȖȖĮȡȐțȚĲȘȞȑįȡĮ

ıȣȖțȡȐĲȘıȘȢĲȘȢȣʌȠįȠȤȒȢĳȓȜĲȡȠȣǼȚțȖȚĮȞĮĮĳĮȚȡȑıİĲİĲȣȤȩȞțĮĲȐȜȠȚʌĮĮʌȠȡȡȣʌĮȞĲȚțȠȪĮʌȩ

ĲȠįȚȐĲȡȘĲȠįȓıțȠ

 ǹȞȐȥĲİĲȘıȣıțİȣȒȕȐȜĲİĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣțĮȚĮĳȒıĲİȞĮĲȡȑȟİȚȞİȡȩȖȚĮĲȠȣȜȐȤȚıĲȠȞĳȜȚĲȗȐȞȚĮ

ȫıĲİȞĮȠȜȠțȜȘȡȦșİȓĲȠȟȑȕȖĮȜȝĮ

ǹȞȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓĲİțĮșȘȝİȡȚȞȐĲȘȝȘȤĮȞȒțĮĳȑıȣȞȚıĲȠȪȝİȞĮțȐȞİĲİĲȘȞʌĮȡĮʌȐȞȦįȚĮįȚțĮıȓĮțĮșĮȡȚ-

ıȝȠȪĲȠȣȜȐȤȚıĲȠȞțȐșİĲȡİȚȢȝȒȞİȢ

ƬǂǉǂǒǊǔǍǝǓǕǚǎǆǏǂǒǕǈǍƽǕǚǎ

Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ

ǾİȡȖĮıȓĮțĮșĮȡȚıȝȠȪʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮȖȓȞİȚȝİıȕȘıĲȒıȣıțİȣȒțĮȚĮĳȠȪȕȖȐȜİĲİĲȠĳȚȢĮʌȩĲȘȞʌȡȓȗĮ

Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ

ȅȚİȡȖĮıȓİȢțĮșĮȡȚıȝȠȪʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮİțĲİȜȠȪȞĲĮȚȩĲĮȞȘıȣıțİȣȒȑȤİȚĲȘȞșİȡȝȠțȡĮıȓĮʌİȡȚȕȐȜȜȠȞĲȠȢ

ȆȜȪȞĲİȝİȞİȡȩțĮȚıĮʌȠȪȞȚĲȠįȠȤİȓȠȞİȡȠȪĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣțĮȚĲȠĳȓȜĲȡȠȄİʌȜȪȞĲİțĮȚıțȠȣʌȓıĲİ

țĮȜȐȩȜĮĲĮİȟĮȡĲȒȝĮĲĮ

Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ

ȀĮșĮȡȓıĲİĲĮıĲĮșİȡȐȝȑȡȘĲȘȢȝȘȤĮȞȒȢȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȫȞĲĮȢȑȞĮĮʌĮȜȩȣȖȡȩʌĮȞȓȖȚĮȞĮȝȘȞțȐȞİĲİ

ȗȘȝȚȐ

ƬǂǉǂǒǊǔǍǝǓƾǅǒǂǓǖǑǐǅǐǘƿǓǗǀǌǕǒǐǖ

ȂİĲȘȤȡȒıȘȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮıȣııȦȡİȣĲȠȪȞțĮĲĮțȐșȚĮțĮĳȑıĲȘȞȑįȡĮĲȠʌȠșȑĲȘıȘȢĲȘȢȣʌȠįȠȤȒȢĲȠȣĳȓȜĲȡȠȣ

ĲĮȠʌȠȓĮȝʌȠȡİȓĲİȞĮĮĳĮȚȡȑıİĲİȝİȝȚĮȠįȠȞĲȠȖȜȣĳȓįĮǼȚțȝİȑȞĮıĳȠȣȖȖĮȡȐțȚȒĮĳȒȞȠȞĲĮȢĲȠȞİȡȩ

ȞĮĲȡȑȟİȚȤȦȡȓȢĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĲȠȣĳȓȜĲȡȠȣǼȚț

Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ

ȂȘȞʌȜȑȞİĲİĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣıĲȠʌȜȣȞĲȒȡȚȠʌȚȐĲȦȞ

ƬǂǉǂǒǊǔǍǝǓǔǚǌƿǎǂǂǕǍǐǞ

ȂİĲȐĮʌȩțȐșİȤȡȒıȘĮĳȒıĲİȞĮȕȖİȚĮĲȝȩȢȖȚĮȜȓȖĮįİȣĲİȡȩȜİʌĲĮȫıĲİȞĮțĮșĮȡȓıİȚȘȠʌȒĮʌȩĲȣȤȩȞ

țĮĲȐȜȠȚʌĮ

Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ

ǼțĲİȜȑıĲİĲȘȞİȡȖĮıȓĮĮȣĲȒȩĲĮȞİȓȞĮȚțȡȪȠĲȠȝİĲĮȜȜȚțȩıȦȜȘȞȐțȚȖȚĮȞĮĮʌȠĳȪȖİĲİĲĮİȖțĮȪȝĮĲĮ

ǹȞİȓȞĮȚĮʌĮȡĮȓĲȘĲȠȟİȕȚįȫıĲİĲȠĮțȡȠĳȪıȚȠĮĲȝȠȪĮʌȩĲȠıȦȜȘȞȐțȚǼȚțțĮȚʌȜȪȞĲİĲȠȝİĲȡİȤȠȪȝİȞȠ

ȞİȡȩĲȘȢȕȡȪıȘȢȉȠıȦȜȘȞȐțȚʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮțĮșĮȡȓȗİĲĮȚȝİȑȞĮȝĮȜĮțȩʌĮȞȓȄĮȞĮȕȚįȫıĲİĲȠĮțȡȠĳȪıȚȠĮĲȝȠȪ

ȝȑȤȡȚĲȠĲȑȜȠȢĲȘȢįȚĮįȡȠȝȒȢǹȞȤȡİȚȐȗİĲĮȚȟĮȞĮțĮșĮȡȓıĲİȝİȝȚĮȕİȜȩȞĮĲȘȞȠʌȒİȟȩįȠȣĲȠȣĮĲȝȠȪǼȚț

ƬǂǉǂǒǊǔǍǝǓǔǘƽǒǂǓǋǂǊǌǆǋǂǎƽǋǊǔǖǌǌǐǄƿǓǔǕǂǄǝǎǚǎ

Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ

ȊʌİȞșȣȝȓȗȠȣȝİʌȦȢʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮĮįİȚȐȗİĲİțĮĲȐțĮȚȡȠȪȢĲȠȜİțĮȞȐțȚıȣȜȜȠȖȒȢıĲĮȖȩȞȦȞ

ǹĳĮȚȡȑıĲİĲȘıȤȐȡĮĲȠʌȠșȑĲȘıȘȢĳȜȚĲȗĮȞȚȠȪ-

ǹĳĮȚȡȑıĲİĮʌȩĲȘȝȘȤĮȞȒĲȠȜİțĮȞȐțȚıȣȜȜȠȖȒȢıĲĮȖȩȞȦȞ.ĮįİȚȐıĲİĲȠțĮȚʌȜȪȞĲİĲȠıİĲȡİȤȠȪȝİȞȠ

ȞİȡȩĲȘȢȕȡȪıȘȢ

ȆȜȪȞĲİțĮȚĲȘıȤȐȡĮȖȚĮĲĮĳȜȚĲȗȐȞȚĮ

ƣƷƣƫƳƧƴƩƣƭƣƵƺƯ

ǾĲĮțĲȚțȒıȣȞĲȒȡȘıȘțĮȚțĮșĮȡȚȩĲȘĲĮįȚĮĲȘȡȠȪȞĲȘȝȘȤĮȞȒıİțĮȜȒțĮĲȐıĲĮıȘȖȚĮȝİȖĮȜȪĲİȡȠȤȡȠȞȚțȩ

įȚȐıĲȘȝĮȝİȚȫȞȠȞĲĮȢıȘȝĮȞĲȚțȐĲȠȞțȓȞįȣȞȠıȤȘȝĮĲȚıȝȠȪĮȜȐĲȦȞıĲȘıȣıțİȣȒǹȞȩȝȦȢȝİĲȘȞʌȐȡȠ-

įȠĲȠȣȤȡȩȞȠȣȘȜİȚĲȠȣȡȖȓĮĲȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢʌĮȡȠȣıȚȐıİȚțȐʌȠȚİȢĮȞȦȝĮȜȓİȢİȟĮȚĲȓĮȢĲȘȢȤȡȒıȘȢȚįȚĮȓĲİȡĮ

ıțȜȘȡȠȪȞİȡȠȪȝİȝİȖȐȜȘ ʌİȡȚİțĲȚțȩĲȘĲĮ ĮȜȐĲȦȞȝʌȠȡİȓĲİȞĮʌȡȠȕİȓĲİıĲȘȞ ĮĳĮȓȡİıȒ ĲȠȣȢȫıĲİȞĮ

ĮʌȠțĮĲĮıĲȒıİĲİĲȘȞțĮȞȠȞȚțȒȜİȚĲȠȣȡȖȓĮȋȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȒıĲİȖȚĮĲȠıțȠʌȩĮȣĲȩȑȞĮʌȡȠȧȩȞĮĳĮȓȡİıȘȢĮȜȐ-

ĲȦȞʌȠȣʌİȡȚȑȤİȚțȚĲȡȚțȩȠȟȪȉȠʌȡȠȧȩȞĮȣĲȩʌȡȠȝȘșİȪİĲĮȚıĲĮȀȑȞĲȡĮȉİȤȞȚțȒȢǼȟȣʌȘȡȑĲȘıȘȢȈȑȡȕȚȢȅ

țĮĲĮıțİȣĮıĲȚțȩȢȠȓțȠȢįİȞĮȞĮȜĮȝȕȐȞİȚțĮȝȓĮİȣșȪȞȘȖȚĮȕȜȐȕİȢıĲĮİıȦĲİȡȚțȐİȟĮȡĲȒȝĮĲĮĲȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢ

ʌȠȣʌȡȠțȜȒșȘțĮȞFRPSRQHQWLĮʌȩĲȘȤȡȒıȘĮıȪȝȕĮĲȦȞʌȡȠȧȩȞĲȦȞʌȠȣʌİȡȚȑȤȠȣȞȤȘȝȚțȐʌȡȩıșİĲĮīȚĮ

ĲȘȞįȚĮįȚțĮıȓĮĮĳĮȓȡİıȘȢĲȦȞĮȜȐĲȦȞıȣȝȕȠȣȜİȣșİȓĲİĲȠȑȞĲȣʌȠȠįȘȖȚȫȞʌȠȣșĮȕȡİȓĲİıĲȘıȣıțİȣĮıȓĮ

ĲȠȣʌȡȠȧȩȞĲȠȢ

ƣƸƳƩƴƵƧƶƴƩƴƶƴƬƧƶƩƴ

ȈİʌİȡȓʌĲȦıȘʌȠȣıĲĮȝĮĲȒıİĲİȞĮȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓĲĮȚĲȘıȣıțİȣȒȕȖȐȜĲİĲȠĳȚȢĮʌȩĲȘȞʌȡȓȗĮĮįİȚȐıĲİĲȠ

įȠȤİȓȠĲȠȣȞİȡȠȪțĮȚĲȠȜİțĮȞȐțȚıȣȜȜȠȖȒȢıĲĮȖȩȞȦȞțĮȚțĮșĮȡȓıĲİĲȘȞȕȜȑʌİʌĮȡȐȖȡĮĳȠ³ȀĮșĮȡȚıȝȩȢ

ĲȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢ´

ȈİʌİȡȓʌĲȦıȘįȚȐȜȣıȘȢʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮȟİȤȦȡȓıİĲİĲĮįȚȐĳȠȡĮȣȜȚțȐĲȘȢȝȘȤĮȞȒȢțĮȚȞĮĲĮįȚĮșȑıİĲİıȪȝĳȦȞĮ

ȝİĲȚȢțİȓȝİȞİȢįȚĮĲȐȟİȚȢĲȘȢȤȫȡĮȢıĮȢ

ƱƦƩƥƱƴƥƫƣƵƩƯƣƲƱƬƣƵƣƴƵƣƴƩƭƧƫƵƱƶƳƥƫƬƺƯƣƯƺƮƣƭƫƺƯ

Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ

ȈİʌİȡȓʌĲȦıȘȜİȚĲȠȣȡȖȚțȫȞĮȞȦȝĮȜȚȫȞıȕȒıĲİĮȝȑıȦȢĲȘȝȘȤĮȞȒțĮȚȕȖȐȜĲİĲȠĳȚȢĮʌȩĲȘȞʌȡȓȗĮ

ȆȇȅǺȁǾȂǹȉǹ ǹǿȉǿǼȈ ǻǿȅȇĬȍȉǿȀǼȈǼȆǼȂǺǹȈǼǿȈ

ǾȝȘȤĮȞȒįİȞ

ȕȖȐȗİȚĮĲȝȩ

ȉȠȞİȡȩİȓȞĮȚȜȓȖȠțĮȚȘĮȞĲȜȓĮįİȞ

ĲȡĮȕȐİȚ

ǺİȕĮȚȦșİȓĲİʌȦȢĲȠįȠȤİȓȠİȓȞĮȚțĮȜȐ

ĲȠʌȠșİĲȘȝȑȞȠțĮȚʌȦȢȘıĲȐșȝȘĲȠȣȞİȡȠȪİȓȞĮȚ

țĮȞȠȞȚțȒ

īİȝȓıĲİȝİȞȦʌȩȞİȡȩĲȘȢȕȡȪıȘȢȝȑȤȡȚĲȘ

ȝȑȖȚıĲȘıĲȐșȝȘʌȠȣįİȓȤȞİȚĲȠıȘȝȐįȚ³0$;´

ĭȡĮȖȝȑȞȘȠʌȒİȟȩįȠȣĲȠȣĮĲȝȠȪ ȀĮșĮȡȓıĲİȝİĲȘȕİȜȩȞĮĲȚȢĮțĮșĮȡıȓİȢʌȠȣ

ȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮĳȡȐȗȠȣȞĲȚȢȠʌȑȢıĲȠıȦȜȒȞĮĮĲȝȠȪ

ȅțĮĳȑȢİȓȞĮȚ

ʌȠȜȪțȡȪȠȢȒ

ʌȠȜȪ³ȞİȡȠȣȜȩȢ´

ȋȠȞĲȡĮȜİıȝȑȞȠȢțĮĳȑȢ īȚĮȞĮİʌȚĲȪȤİĲİʌȣțȞȩĲİȡȠțĮȚʌȚȠȗİıĲȩ

țĮĳȑʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȒıİĲİȑȞĮʌȚȠ

ȥȚȜȠțȠȝȝȑȞȠȤĮȡȝȐȞȚ

ȂʌȜȠțĮȡȚıȝȑȞȠȢ

ȝȪȜȠȢȐȜİıȘȢ

țĮĳȑ

ȆȚșĮȞȒʌĮȡȠȣıȓĮĮțĮșĮȡıȚȫȞ

ĮȞȐȝİıĮıĲȠȣȢțȩțțȠȣȢĲȠȣțĮĳȑ

ǺȜȑʌİʌĮȡȐȖȡĮĳȠ³ǹʌİȜİȣșȑȡȦıȘĲȠȣȝȪȜȠȣ

ȐȜİıȘȢțĮĳȑ´

ǼțȡȠȒțĮĳȑ

ĮʌȩĲĮȐțȡĮ

ĲȘȢȣʌȠįȠȤȒȢ

ĳȓȜĲȡȠȣ

ȆȚșĮȞȩȞȞĮȣʌȐȡȤİȚȣʌİȡȕȠȜȚțȒ

ʌȠıȩĲȘĲĮțĮĳȑʌȠȣİȝʌȠįȓȗİȚĲȘ

ıȦıĲȒıȪıĳȚȟȘĲȘȢȣʌȠįȠȤȒȢ

ĳȓȜĲȡȠȣıĲȘșȑıȘĲȘȢ

ǹĳĮȚȡȑıĲİĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣțĮȚțĮșĮȡȓıĲİ

ĲȘȕȐıȘĲȘȢȝİȑȞĮıĳȠȣȖȖĮȡȐțȚǼȚț

ǼʌĮȞĮȜȐȕİĲİĲȘȞįȚĮįȚțĮıȓĮȕȐȗȠȞĲĮȢıĲȘȞ

ȣʌȠįȠȤȒĲȠȣĳȓȜĲȡȠȣĲȘıȦıĲȒʌȠıȩĲȘĲĮțĮĳȑ

ȀĮĲȐȜȠȚʌĮĮȜİıȝȑȞȠȣțĮĳȑıĲȘ

ĳȜȐȞĲȗĮĲȘȢȑįȡĮȢİĳĮȡȝȠȖȒȢĲȘȢ

ȣʌȠįȠȤȒȢĲȠȣĳȓȜĲȡȠȣ

ȀĮșĮȡȓıĲİĲȘĳȜȐȞĲȗĮȝİȝȚĮȠįȠȞĲȠȖȜȣĳȓįĮȒ

ȑȞĮıĳȠȣȖȖĮȡȐțȚǼȚț

ǼȓȞĮȚĳȡĮȖȝȑȞȘȘȠʌȒİțȡȠȒȢ

țĮĳȑıĲȠĳȓȜĲȡȠʌȠȣʌİȡȚȑȤİȚĲȠȞ

ĮȜİıȝȑȞȠțĮĳȑ

ǹĳĮȚȡȑıĲİĮȡȖȐĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣȖȚĮĲȓ

ȘİȞįİȤȩȝİȞȘȣʌȠȜİȚȝȝĮĲȚțȒʌȓİıȘȝʌȠȡİȓ

ȞĮʌȡȠțĮȜȑıİȚʌȚĲıȚȜȓıȝĮĲĮȀĮșĮȡȓıĲİĲȘ

ĳȡĮȖȝȑȞȘȠʌȒĲȠȣĳȓȜĲȡȠȣȝİĲȘȞțĮȡĳȓĲıĮ

ʌȠȣșĮȕȡİȓĲİıĲĮİȟĮȡĲȒȝĮĲĮĲȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢ

ȀĮșĮȡȓıĲİĲȠĳȓȜĲȡȠȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȫȞĲĮȢ

ȝȚĮĲĮȝʌȜȑĲĮȖȚĮĲȠȞțĮșĮȡȚıȝȩĳȓȜĲȡȦȞ

ĮțȠȜȠȣșȫȞĲĮȢĲȚȢȠįȘȖȓİȢʌȠȣĮȞĮȖȡȐĳȠȞĲĮȚ

ıĲȘıȣıțİȣĮıȓĮ

ȆȇȅǺȁǾȂǹȉǹ ǹǿȉǿǼȈ ǻǿȅȇĬȍȉǿȀǼȈǼȆǼȂǺǹȈǼǿȈ

ǻİȞȣʌȐȡȤİȚ

ʌĮȡȠȤȒțĮĳȑ

ȒȖȓȞİĲĮȚʌȠȜȪ

ĮȡȖȐ

ĭȡĮȖȝȑȞİȢȠʌȑȢıĲȘȞȑįȡĮ

ıȣȖțȡȐĲȘıȘȢĲȘȢȣʌȠįȠȤȒȢ

ĬȑıĲİıİȜİȚĲȠȣȡȖȓĮĲȘȝȘȤĮȞȒȤȦȡȓȢ

ȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣĮĳȒȞȠȞĲĮȢȞĮĲȡȑȟİȚĲȠ

ȞİȡȩǹȞĲȠȞİȡȩıȣȞİȤȓıİȚȞĮȝȘȞİțȡȑİȚ

ȠȝȠȚȩȝȠȡĳĮĮʌȩȩȜİȢĲȚȢȠʌȑȢțĮșĮȡȓıĲİ

ĲĮȐȜĮĲĮȝİĲȠʌȡȠȧȩȞ12&$/ĲȘȢ$ULHWH

ʌȠȣȝʌȠȡİȓĲİȞĮʌȡȠȝȘșİȣșİȓĲİıĲĮȀȑȞĲȡĮ

ȉİȤȞȚțȒȢȊʌȠıĲȒȡȚȟȘȢȈȑȡȕȚȢĲȘȢ$ULHWHțĮȚ

ĮțȠȜȠȣșȫȞĲĮȢĲȚȢȠįȘȖȓİȢʌȠȣșĮȕȡİȓĲİıĲȘ

ıȣıțİȣĮıȓĮĲȠȣȢ

ǼȓȞĮȚĳȡĮȖȝȑȞȘȘȠʌȒİțȡȠȒȢ

țĮĳȑıĲȠĳȓȜĲȡȠʌȠȣʌİȡȚȑȤİȚĲȠȞ

ĮȜİıȝȑȞȠțĮĳȑ

ǹĳĮȚȡȑıĲİĮȡȖȐĲȘȞȣʌȠįȠȤȒĳȓȜĲȡȠȣȖȚĮĲȓ

ȘİȞįİȤȩȝİȞȘȣʌȠȜİȚȝȝĮĲȚțȒʌȓİıȘȝʌȠȡİȓ

ȞĮʌȡȠțĮȜȑıİȚʌȚĲıȚȜȓıȝĮĲĮȀĮșĮȡȓıĲİĲȘ

ĳȡĮȖȝȑȞȘȠʌȒĲȠȣĳȓȜĲȡȠȣȝİĲȘȞțĮȡĳȓĲıĮ

ʌȠȣșĮȕȡİȓĲİıĲĮİȟĮȡĲȒȝĮĲĮĲȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢ

ȀĮșĮȡȓıĲİĲȠĳȓȜĲȡȠȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȫȞĲĮȢ

ȝȚĮĲĮȝʌȜȑĲĮȖȚĮĲȠȞțĮșĮȡȚıȝȩĳȓȜĲȡȦȞ

ĮțȠȜȠȣșȫȞĲĮȢĲȚȢȠįȘȖȓİȢʌȠȣĮȞĮȖȡȐĳȠȞĲĮȚ

ıĲȘıȣıțİȣĮıȓĮ

ȆȠȜȪȜİʌĲȩȤĮȡȝȐȞȚĮȜİıȝȑȞȠȣ

țĮĳȑ

ǻȠțȚȝȐıĲİȞĮȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȒıİĲİȤĮȡȝȐȞȚĮțĮĳȑ

ȤȠȞĲȡȩĲİȡȠȣȢțȩțțȠȣȢ

ȆȠȜȪʌȚİıȝȑȞȠȤĮȡȝȐȞȚțĮĳȑ ȆȚȑıĲİȜȚȖȩĲİȡȠĲȠȞțĮĳȑȝİĲȠʌȚİıĲȘȡȐțȚ

ȉȠįȠȤİȓȠįİȞİȓȞĮȚțĮȜȐ

ĲȠʌȠșİĲȘȝȑȞȠ

ȍșȒıĲİĲȠĲȑȡȝĮıĲȘȞȑįȡĮĲȠȣ

ȉȠȞİȡȩİȓȞĮȚȜȓȖȠțĮȚȘĮȞĲȜȓĮįİȞ

ĲȡĮȕȐİȚ

ǺİȕĮȚȦșİȓĲİʌȦȢĲȠįȠȤİȓȠİȓȞĮȚțĮȜȐ

ĲȠʌȠșİĲȘȝȑȞȠțĮȚʌȦȢȘıĲȐșȝȘĲȠȣȞİȡȠȪİȓȞĮȚ

țĮȞȠȞȚțȒīİȝȓıĲİȝİȞȦʌȩȞİȡȩĲȘȢȕȡȪıȘȢ

ȝȑȤȡȚĲȘȝȑȖȚıĲȘıĲȐșȝȘʌȠȣįİȓȤȞİȚĲȠıȘȝȐįȚ

³0$;´

ǿǼǲǳǾǴǮǻǶǳǲǮǻǻǼǷǶǻǿȀǾȁǸȄǶǶ

ɇɟɫɦɨɬɪɹɧɚ ɬɨ ɱɬɨ ɞɚɧɧɨɟɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɜɩɨɥɧɨɦ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɢ

ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɯ ɧɨɪɦ ɢ ɜɫɟ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɨɩɚɫɧɵɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɵ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɣ

ɡɚɳɢɬɨɣɜɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɶɬɟɫɶɫɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɢɦɢ ɦɟɪɚɦɢɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢɢɜɨɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟɬɪɚɜɦ ɢ

ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɩɪɢɛɨɪɫɬɪɨɝɨɩɨɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɸɊɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɯɪɚɧɢɬɶɞɚɧɧɭɸɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ

ɜɥɟɝɤɨɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɦɦɟɫɬɟȿɫɥɢɜɵɪɟɲɢɬɟɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɶɞɚɧɧɨɟɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɜɞɪɭɝɢɟɪɭɤɢɧɟɡɚɛɭɞɶɬɟɩɟ-

ɪɟɞɚɬɶɜɦɟɫɬɟɫɧɢɦɢɷɬɭɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ

ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɚɹɫɹɜɞɚɧɧɨɣɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɟɬɫɹɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦɢɭɫɥɨɜɧɵɦɢɨɛɨɡɧɚ-

ɱɟɧɢɹɦɢ

Ɉɩɚɫɧɨɞɥɹɞɟɬɟɣ

Ɇɟɪɵ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɸ

ɨɠɨɝɨɜ

Ɉɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶɩɨɪɚɠɟɧɢɹɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɬɨɤɨɦ ȼɧɢɦɚɧɢɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹɦɚ-

ɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɭɳɟɪɛɚ

 ɍɝɪɨɡɚ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ ɭɳɟɪɛɚ ɜɵɡɜɚɧɧɚɹ

ɢɧɵɦɢɩɪɢɱɢɧɚɦɢ

ǶǿǽǼǹȊǵǼǰǮǻǶǳǽǼǻǮǵǻǮȅǳǻǶȌ

ɉɪɢɛɨɪɦɨɠɧɨɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɞɥɹɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɤɨɮɟɢɤɚɩɭɱɢɧɨ

Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɧɟɞɨɥɠɟɧɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɬɶɫɹɜɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɢɯɢɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɯɰɟɥɹɯ

Ʌɸɛɨɣɞɪɭɝɨɣɫɩɨɫɨɛɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɧɟɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɨɝɨɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɦɨɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɚɟɬɟɝɨ

ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢɡɚɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɟɩɪɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɡɜɚɧɧɵɟɩɨɞɨɛɧɵɦɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦɉɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ

ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɧɟɩɨɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɸɜɥɟɱɟɬɡɚɫɨɛɨɣɨɬɦɟɧɭɥɸɛɨɣɮɨɪɦɵɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɢ

ǼǿȀǮȀǼȅǻȉǳǾǶǿǸǶ

ȼɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɟɜɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɣɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢɩɨɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢɧɟɜɯɨɞɹɬ

ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɡɚɳɢɬɵɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɹɨɬɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɯɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣɜɵɡɜɚɧɧɵɯɧɟɨɠɢɞɚɧɧɵɦɜɵɯɨɞɨɦɫɬɪɭɢ

ɩɚɪɚɢɥɢɝɨɪɹɱɟɣɜɨɞɵ

ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓ

Ɉɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹɨɠɨɝɨɜ±ȼɨɜɪɟɦɹɜɵɯɨɞɚɩɚɪɚɢɥɢɜɵɬɟɤɚɧɢɹɝɨɪɹɱɟɣɜɨɞɵɧɟɪɟɤɨ-

ɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɬɶɫɬɪɭɸɜɫɬɨɪɨɧɭɫɟɛɹɢɥɢɞɪɭɝɢɯɥɸɞɟɣɊɚɡɪɟɲɚɟɬɫɹɛɪɚɬɶɫɹɢɫɤɥɸɱɢ-

ɬɟɥɶɧɨɡɚɩɥɚɫɬɦɚɫɫɨɜɭɸɱɚɫɬɶɬɪɭɛɤɢ

ɉɪɢɦɟɧɹɬɶɺɦɤɨɫɬɢɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɵɢɡɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɵɯɞɥɹɩɢɳɟɜɵɯɩɪɨ-

ɞɭɤɬɨɜ

ǽǾǮǰǶǹǮȀǳȃǻǶǸǶǯǳǵǼǽǮǿǻǼǿȀǶ

ɊɀɋɀȿɊɀɋȽɖɇɃɌɊɉɆɗɂɉȽȻɈɃɀɇɊɋɃȼɉɋȻɈɀɉȼɐɉȿɃɇɉȽɈɃɇȻ-

ɍɀɆɗɈɉɊɋɉɒɃɍȻɍɗɈȻɌɍɉɚɔɎəɃɈɌɍɋɎɅɑɃə

ɉɪɢɛɨɪɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɞɥɹɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɜɞɨɦɚɲɧɢɯɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯɢɥɢɩɨɯɨ-

ɠɢɯɧɚɞɨɦɚɲɧɢɟɤɚɤɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ

ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹɜɡɨɧɚɯɞɥɹɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɩɢɳɢɡɚɪɟɡɟɪɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯɞɥɹɩɟɪɫɨ-

ɧɚɥɚɦɚɝɚɡɢɧɨɜɜɨɮɢɫɚɯɢɜɞɪɭɝɢɯɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹɯ

ɧɚɮɟɪɦɚɯ

ɝɨɫɬɢɧɢɰɵɦɨɬɟɥɢɦɢɧɢɝɨɫɬɢɧɢɰɵɢɞɪɭɝɢɟɠɢɥɵɟɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵɞɥɹɢɫɩɨɥɶ-

ɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɝɨɫɬɹɦɢ

ɂɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɶ ɧɟ ɧɟɫɟɬ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ

ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɢɥɢɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɟɝɨɜɰɟɥɹɯɧɟɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɯɞɚɧɧɵɦɪɭɤɨ-

ɜɨɞɫɬɜɨɦɩɨɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ

Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɯɪɚɧɢɬɶɨɪɢɝɢɧɚɥɶɧɭɸɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɭɬɤɛɟɫɩɥɚɬɧɨɟɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɨɟ

ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟɧɟɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɨɜɫɥɭɱɚɟɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣɜɵɡɜɚɧɧɵɯɧɟɩɪɚ-

ɜɢɥɶɧɨɣɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɨɣɢɡɞɟɥɢɹɩɪɢɟɝɨɨɬɫɵɥɤɟɜɚɜɬɨɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɣɐɟɧɬɪɫɟɪ-

ɜɢɫɧɨɝɨɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ

ǼȝȎȟțȜȒșȭȒȓȠȓȗ

ɉɪɢɛɨɪɦɨɝɭɬɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɞɟɬɢ ɦɥɚɞɲɟɥɟɬ ɢɥɢɰɚɫ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ

ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢɫɟɧɫɨɪɧɵɦɢɢɥɢɭɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢɥɢɛɨɛɟɡɞɨ-

ɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɝɨɨɩɵɬɚɢɥɢɡɧɚɧɢɣɧɨɬɨɥɶɤɨɩɨɞɩɪɢɫɦɨɬɪɨɦɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɳɟɝɨɡɚ

ɢɯɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶɥɢɰɚɢɥɢɩɨɫɥɟɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣɢ

ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢɨɛɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢɫɨɩɪɹɠɟɧɧɨɣɫɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɟɣɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ

ɇɟɪɚɡɪɟɲɚɣɬɟɞɟɬɹɦɢɝɪɚɬɶɫɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦ

Ⱦɟɬɢɧɟɞɨɥɠɧɵɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɟɜɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɣɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ

ɱɢɫɬɤɢɢɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɛɟɡɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹɜɡɪɨɫɥɵɯ

ȼɨɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟɧɟɫɱɚɫɬɧɵɯɫɥɭɱɚɟɜɧɟɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɣɬɟɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɭɨɬɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɜ

ɦɟɫɬɚɯɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɵɯɞɥɹɞɟɬɟɣ

ɉɨɫɥɟɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹɫɪɨɤɚɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɜɰɟɥɹɯɟɝɨɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɣ

ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɨɬɪɟɡɚɬɶɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɩɪɨɜɨɞɫɞɟɥɚɜɩɪɢɛɨɪ

ɧɟɩɪɢɝɨɞɧɵɦɞɥɹɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɊɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɫɥɟɞɢɬɶɡɚɬɟɦɱɬɨɛɵɩɨ-

ɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɨɩɚɫɧɵɟɞɟɬɚɥɢɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɧɟɫɬɚɥɢɢɝɪɭɲɤɨɣɞɥɹɞɟɬɟɣ

ɇɟɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶɛɭɥɚɜɤɭɞɥɹɨɱɢɫɬɤɢɜɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɵɯɞɥɹɞɟɬɟɣɦɟɫɬɚɯɢɯɪɚɧɢɬɶ

ɟɟɜɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɦɦɟɫɬɟɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶɩɪɨɝɥɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹɢɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ

ǼȝȎȟțȜȟȠȪȝȜȞȎȔȓțȖȭȫșȓȘȠȞȖȥȓȟȘȖȚȠȜȘȜȚ

Ⱦɟɪɠɚɬɶɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɜɞɚɥɢɨɬɞɟɬɟɣɦɥɚɞɲɟɥɟɬ

ɉɟɪɟɞɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɤɤɫɟɬɢɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɱɬɨɛɵ

ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɟɧɚɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟɜɧɢɠɧɟɣɱɚɫɬɢɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɨ-

ɜɚɥɨɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɸɞɨɦɚɲɧɟɣɫɟɬɢ

ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɭɞɥɢɧɢɬɟɥɟɣɧɟɨɞɨɛɪɟɧɧɵɯɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟ-

ɥɟɦɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɦɨɠɟɬɩɨɜɥɟɱɶɡɚɫɨɛɨɣɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹɭɳɟɪɛɚɢɧɟɫɱɚɫɬɧɵɯ

ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ

ɉɪɟɠɞɟɱɟɦɩɪɢɫɬɭɩɢɬɶɤɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɟɧɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹɛɚɤɚɜɨɞɨɣɨɬɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟ

ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɨɬɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ

ȼɫɥɭɱɚɟɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɲɧɭɪɚɨɧɞɨɥɠɟɧɛɵɬɶɡɚɦɟɧɟɧɟɝɨɩɪɨɢɡɜɨ-

ɞɢɬɟɥɟɦɢɥɢɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɨɦɚɜɬɨɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɨ-

ɝɨɰɟɧɬɪɚɜɨɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɯɪɢɫɤɨɜ

ɂɡɛɟɝɚɣɬɟɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɚɫɜɨɞɨɣɞɟɬɚɥɟɣɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹɩɨɞɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɦɜɨɡ-

ɦɨɠɧɨɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɟɤɨɪɨɬɤɨɝɨɡɚɦɵɤɚɧɢɹ

ɉɟɪɟɞ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɱɢɫɬɤɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɩɨ ɬɟɯɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɸ

ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɜɵɧɭɬɶɜɢɥɤɭɢɡɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ

ɇɟɨɩɭɫɤɚɬɶɩɪɢɛɨɪɜɜɨɞɭɢɞɪɭɝɢɟɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ

ɉɟɪɟɞɧɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟɦɛɚɤɚɜɨɞɨɣɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɶɩɪɢɛɨɪɢɜɵɧɭɬɶ

ɩɢɬɚɸɳɢɣɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɡɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ

ȁȑȞȜȕȎȐȜȕțȖȘțȜȐȓțȖȭȡȧȓȞȏȎȐȩȕȐȎțțȎȭȖțȩȚȖ

ȝȞȖȥȖțȎȚȖ

ɇɟɥɶɡɹɩɨɞɧɢɦɚɬɶɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɞɟɪɠɚɟɝɨɡɚɟɦɤɨɫɬɶɞɥɹɜɨɞɵɢɥɢɡɚɜɚɧɧɨɱɤɭ

ɚɬɨɥɶɤɨɡɚɤɨɪɩɭɫ

Ⱦɥɹɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɣɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɜɫɟɝɞɚɜɵɛɢɪɚɣɬɟɯɨ-

ɪɨɲɨɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɧɨɟɢɱɢɫɬɨɟɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɟɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɨɪɨɡɟɬɤɨɣɪɚɫɩɨ-

ɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɣɜɥɟɝɤɨɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɦɦɟɫɬɟ

ɇɟɧɚɥɢɜɚɬɶɛɨɥɶɲɨɟɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɜɨɞɵɜɛɚɤ

ɇɟɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶɛɟɡɩɪɢɫɦɨɬɪɚɩɪɢɛɨɪɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɵɣɤɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ

Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶɩɪɢɛɨɪɢɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɟɝɨɧɚɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɣ

ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ

ȿɫɥɢɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɨɩɚɞɟɧɢɟɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɬɨɨɧɧɟɩɨɞɥɟɠɢɬɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɣɷɤɫɩɥɭɚ-

ɬɚɰɢɢɩɪɢɧɚɥɢɱɢɢɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɨɜɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣɢɥɢɭɬɟɱɤɢɜɨɞɵɇɟɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣ-

ɬɟɩɪɢɛɨɪɩɪɢɧɚɥɢɱɢɢɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣɜɲɧɭɪɟɢɥɢɜɢɥɤɟɚɬɚɤɠɟɜɫɚɦɨɦ

ɩɪɢɛɨɪɟ Ʌɸɛɵɟ ɜɢɞɵ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɚ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɹ ɡɚɦɟɧɭ ɲɧɭɪɚ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ

ɞɨɥɠɧɵɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɹɬɨɥɶɤɨɜɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɵɯɰɟɧɬɪɚɯȺɪɢɷɬɟɢɥɢɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɰɢ-

ɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɨɦ$ULHWHɜɨɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟɤɚɤɢɯɥɢɛɨɪɢɫɤɨɜ

ǺȓȞȩȏȓȕȜȝȎȟțȜȟȠȖȝȜȝȞȓȒȜȠȐȞȎȧȓțȖȬȜȔȜȑȜȐ

ɇɢɤɨɝɞɚɧɟɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɣɬɟɫɬɪɭɸɩɚɪɚɢɥɢɝɨɪɹɱɟɣɜɨɞɵɜɫɬɨɪɨɧɭɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ

ɱɚɫɬɟɣɬɟɥɚɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɨɛɥɸɞɚɬɶɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨɫɬɶɩɪɢɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɢɫɬɪɭɛ-

ɤɨɣɩɨɞɚɱɢɩɚɪɚɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹɨɠɨɝɨɜ

ȼɨɜɪɟɦɹɪɚɛɨɬɵɤɨɮɟɜɚɪɤɢɧɟɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɩɪɢɤɚɫɚɬɶɫɹɤɧɚɪɭɠɧɵɦɦɟ-

ɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɱɚɫɬɹɦɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɢɫɚɦɨɝɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɜɨɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ

ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹɨɠɨɝɨɜ



ȼɵɬɟɤɚɧɢɟɜɨɞɵɢɡɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɦɨɠɟɬɛɵɬɶɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɨɡɚɤɭɩɨɪɤɨɣ

ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɣɜɮɢɥɶɬɪɟȼɷɬɨɦɫɥɭɱɚɟɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɜɵɧɭɬɶɚɡɚɬɟɦɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɨ

ɜɫɬɚɜɢɬɶɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɟɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦɨ

ɠɟɬɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶɩɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɸɛɪɵɡɝɉɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɪɭɤɨ-

ɜɨɞɫɬɜɭɹɫɶɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɦɢɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɦɢɜɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɦɪɚɡɞɟɥɟ

ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓȐȜȕȚȜȔțȜȟȠȪȐȜȕțȖȘțȜȐȓțȖȭȚȎȠȓȞȖȎșȪ-

țȜȑȜȡȧȓȞȏȎ

ȼɨɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟɨɩɪɨɤɢɞɵɜɚɧɢɹɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɪɚɡɦɟɳɚɬɶɩɪɢɛɨɪɧɚɪɨɜɧɨɣ

ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ

ɉɪɢɛɨɪɧɟɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɜɤɥɸɱɚɬɶɛɟɡɜɨɞɵɜɨɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟɜɵɯɨɞɚɢɡɫɬɪɨɹ

ɧɚɫɨɫɚ

ɇɟɡɚɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɛɚɤɝɨɪɹɱɟɣɜɨɞɨɣɢɥɢɤɢɩɹɬɤɨɦ

ȼɨɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɤɨɪɩɭɫɚɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɧɟɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɫɬɚɜɢɬɶɟɝɨ

ɧɚɧɚɝɪɟɬɵɟɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢɚɬɚɤɠɟɪɹɞɨɦɫɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚɦɢɨɝɧɹ

ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬɢɡɛɟɝɚɬɶɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɚɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚɫɧɚɝɪɟɬɵɦɢɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨ-

ɫɬɹɦɢɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ

ɇɟɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɝɚɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɭɸɜɨɞɭɫɞɨɛɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɝɨɝɚɡɚ

Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹɡɚɫɵɩɚɬɶɜɮɢɥɶɬɪɥɸɛɵɟɞɪɭɝɢɟɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚɤɪɨɦɟɦɨɥɨɬɨɝɨ

ɤɨɮɟɗɬɨɦɨɠɟɬɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢɤɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɵɦɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɦɤɨɮɟɜɚɪɤɢ

ɇɟɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɣɬɟɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɩɨɦɨɥɚɜɨɜɪɟɦɹɪɚɛɨɬɵɤɨɮɟɦɨɥɤɢɄɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɱɟ-

ɫɤɢɡɚɩɪɟɳɟɧɨɡɚɫɵɩɚɬɶɜɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɞɥɹɤɨɮɟɦɨɥɨɬɵɣɤɨɮɟɪɚɡɪɟɲɚɟɬ-

ɫɹɡɚɫɵɩɚɬɶɬɨɥɶɤɨɤɨɮɟɜɡɟɪɧɚɯɆɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɶɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɚ

ɞɥɹɤɨɮɟɜɡɟɪɧɚɯɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɝ

ɇɟɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɣɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɭɜɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢɝɞɟɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣɫɪɟɞɵ

ɦɨɠɟɬɨɩɭɫɬɢɬɶɫɹɧɢɠɟ&ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭɨɫɬɚɬɤɢɜɨɞɵɜɛɨɣɥɟɪɟɦɨɝɭɬɡɚ-

ɦɟɪɡɧɭɬɶɢɩɨɜɪɟɞɢɬɶɦɚɲɢɧɭ

ɇɟɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɹɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɧɚɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɦɜɨɡɞɭɯɟ

ɇɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɣɬɟ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɯ ɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɧɵɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ

ɞɨɠɞɶɫɨɥɧɰɟɢɬɞ

ɉɨɫɥɟɨɬɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹɜɢɥɤɢɨɬɪɨɡɟɬɤɢɢɨɯɥɚɠɞɟɧɢɹɧɚɝɪɟɬɵɯɱɚɫɬɟɣɩɪɢ-

ɛɨɪɚɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɫɬɢɟɝɨɱɢɫɬɤɭɫɩɨɦɨɳɶɸɫɥɟɝɤɚɭɜɥɚɠɧɟɧɧɨɣ

ɦɹɝɤɨɣɬɤɚɧɢɫɞɨɛɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚɧɟɣɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɦɨɸɳɟ-

ɝɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɧɢɤɨɝɞɚɧɟɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɬɟɥɢɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɦɨɝɭɬɩɨɜɪɟ-

ɞɢɬɶɩɥɚɫɬɦɚɫɫɨɜɵɟɞɟɬɚɥɢ

ȃȞȎțȖȠȪțȎȟȠȜȭȧȓȓȞȡȘȜȐȜȒȟȠȐȜȝȜȫȘȟȝșȡȎȠȎȤȖȖ

ǼǽǶǿǮǻǶǳǸǼǺǽǼǻǳǻȀǼǰ

$ ȼɨɞɹɧɨɣɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪ

% Ɍɪɭɛɤɚɩɨɞɚɱɢɩɚɪɚ

&Ɏɨɪɫɭɧɤɚɜɵɯɨɞɚɩɚɪɚ

'Ɏɢɥɶɬɪɞɥɹɤɨɮɟ

( ɇɨɫɢɤɩɨɞɚɱɢɤɨɮɟ

)  Ⱦɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ

*Ɍɟɦɩɟɪ

+Ȼɭɥɚɜɤɚɞɥɹɨɱɢɫɬɤɢ

, Ʉɚɛɟɥɶɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ

- Ɋɟɲɟɬɤɚɩɨɞɫɬɚɜɤɢɞɥɹɱɚɲɟɤ

. ɉɨɞɞɨɧ

/ Ʉɨɮɟɦɨɥɤɚ

0Ʉɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɞɥɹɤɨɮɟɜɡɟɪɧɚɯ

1Ʉɪɵɲɤɚɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɚɞɥɹɤɨɮɟ

2Ɋɵɱɚɝɪɚɡɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɢɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɚɞɥɹɤɨɮɟ

3 Ʉɪɵɲɤɚɛɚɤɚ

4Ʉɧɨɩɤɚɩɨɞɚɱɢɩɚɪɚ

5Ʉɧɨɩɤɚɩɨɞɚɱɢɤɨɮɟɫɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɨɦ



6 Ʉɧɨɩɤɚɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɫɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɨɦ



7  Ʉɧɨɩɤɚɮɭɧɤɰɢɢɩɚɪɚɫɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɨɦ



ǶȒȓțȠȖȢȖȘȎȤȖȜțțȩȓȒȎțțȩȓ

ɇɚɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɟɣɫɹɩɨɞɩɨɞɫɬɚɜɤɨɣɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɭɤɚɡɚɧɵɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟɞɚɧɧɵɟ

 ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɢɦɚɪɤɢɪɨɜɤɚȿɋ

 Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ0RG

 ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɣʋ61

 ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɟɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟȼɢɱɚɫɬɨɬɚȽɰ

 ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɦɨɟɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ:

 ɛɟɫɩɥɚɬɧɚɹɬɟɥɟɮɨɧɧɚɹɫɥɭɠɛɚɬɟɯɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ

ɉɪɢɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɢɡɚɹɜɤɢɜȺɜɬɨɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɣɐɟɧɬɪɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɨɝɨɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɬɶ

ɦɨɞɟɥɶɢɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɣɧɨɦɟɪ

ǶǻǿȀǾȁǸȄǶȍǽǼȋǸǿǽǹȁǮȀǮȄǶǶ

ǽȜȒȑȜȠȜȐȘȎȘȫȘȟȝșȡȎȠȎȤȖȖ

ɍɞɚɥɢɬɟɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɭɢɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɧɚɥɢɱɢɟɜɫɟɯɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ

ɉɨɫɬɚɜɶɬɟɩɪɢɛɨɪɧɚɪɨɜɧɭɸɢɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɭɸɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ

ɋɧɢɦɢɬɟɛɚɤɞɥɹɜɨɞɵɫɩɪɢɛɨɪɚȼɵɦɵɬɶɛɚɤɩɟɪɟɞɩɟɪɜɵɦɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦɡɚɩɨɥɧɢɬɶɫɜɟɠɟɣɢɧɚɬɭ-

ɪɚɥɶɧɨɣɜɨɞɨɣɢɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨɜɫɬɚɜɢɬɶɧɚɦɟɫɬɨɊɢɫɑɬɨɛɵɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɭɸɪɚɛɨɬɭɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ

ɯɨɪɨɲɨɩɪɢɠɦɢɬɟɛɚɤɞɨɭɩɨɪɚ

Ȼɚɤɬɚɤɠɟ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɧɚɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ ɫɜɟɪɯɭ ɧɚɥɢɜɚɹ ɜɨɞɭ ɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɧɹɜ

ɤɪɵɲɤɭɊɢɫ

ɉɨɦɨɣɬɟɮɢɥɶɬɪ'ɢɤɪɵɲɤɭɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɚɞɥɹɤɨɮɟ

ǽȓȞȐȜȓȐȘșȬȥȓțȖȓ

ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶɜɬɨɦɱɬɨɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɜɚɲɟɣɞɨɦɚɲɧɟɣɫɟɬɢɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɸɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɦɭɧɚ

ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟɫɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢɞɚɧɧɵɦɢɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ

ȼɫɬɚɜɶɬɟɜɢɥɤɭɜɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɪɨɡɟɬɤɭ

ȼɫɥɭɱɚɟɩɟɪɜɨɝɨɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɢɥɢɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɩɨɫɥɟɩɪɨɫɬɨɹɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɩɨɞɚɬɶɦɢɧɢɦɭɦɨɞɧɭɱɚɲ-

ɤɭɜɨɞɵɢɡɝɧɟɡɞɚɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɫɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɦɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɟɦɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ

ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɜɟɝɨɝɧɟɡɞɨɧɟɜɫɬɚɜɥɹɹɧɢɨɞɢɧɢɡɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɜ

ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟɤɧɨɩɤɭɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ

 

ɂɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɤɧɨɩɤɢɧɚɱɧɟɬɝɨɪɟɬɶɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɨɑɟɪɟɡɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨɦɢɧɭɬ

ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɚɤɧɨɩɤɢɩɨɞɚɱɢɤɨɮɟ

 

ɧɚɱɧɟɬɝɨɪɟɬɶɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɨɫɢɝɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɹɨɬɨɦɱɬɨɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɣ

ɛɨɣɥɟɪɝɨɬɨɜɤɩɨɞɚɱɟɤɨɮɟ

ɉɨɫɬɚɜɶɬɟɟɦɤɨɫɬɶɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɊɢɫɢɩɨɞɬɪɭɛɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɢɩɚɪɚɊɢɫ

ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟɤɧɨɩɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɢɤɨɮɟɊɢɫɢɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟɧɚɠɚɬɨɣɤɧɨɩɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɢɩɚɪɚ4Ɋɢɫ

Ⱦɨɠɞɢɬɟɫɶɤɨɝɞɚɢɡɬɪɭɛɤɢɩɚɪɚɧɚɱɧɟɬɜɵɯɨɞɢɬɶɜɨɞɚɩɨɫɥɟɱɟɝɨɨɬɩɭɫɬɢɬɟɤɧɨɩɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɢɩɚɪɚ4

ɂɡɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ)ɧɚɱɧɟɬɜɵɯɨɞɢɬɶɜɨɞɚɬɟɩɟɪɶɫɧɨɜɚɧɚɠɦɢɬɟɤɧɨɩɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɢɤɨɮɟɊɢɫ



Ɍɟɩɟɪɶɩɪɢɛɨɪɝɨɬɨɜɤɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɸɩɟɪɜɨɝɨɤɨɮɟ

ɋɠɥɩɧɠɨɟɮɠɭɬɺ ɪɩɝɭɩɫɺɭɷ ɸɭɮ ɩɪɠɫɛɱɣɹ ɪɫɣ ɥɛɡɟɩɧ ɝɥɦɹɲɠɨɣɣ ɧɛɳɣɨɶ ɪɩɬɦɠ ɨɠɬɥɩɦɷɥɣɰ

ɟɨɠɤɪɫɩɬɭɩɺ

ǽǾǶǱǼȀǼǰǹǳǻǶǳǸǼȂǳ

ɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɭɪɨɜɟɧɶɜɨɞɵɜɛɚɤɟ$ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶɱɬɨɛɚɤɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɜɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɜɝɧɟɡɞɨȼɫɬɚɜɶɬɟɜɞɟɪ-

ɠɚɬɟɥɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ)ɮɢɥɶɬɪ'

ɇɚɫɵɩɶɬɟɤɨɮɟɜɡɟɪɧɚɯɜɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɞɥɹɤɨɮɟɜɡɟɪɧɚɯɊɢɫɇɟɡɚɫɵɩɚɣɬɟɱɪɟɡɦɟɪɧɨɟɤɨɥɢɱɟ-

ɫɬɜɨɤɨɮɟɜɡɟɪɧɚɯɄɪɵɲɤɚɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɚɞɥɹɤɨɮɟɞɨɥɠɧɚɡɚɤɪɵɜɚɬɶɫɹɧɚɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɟ

ɀɬɦɣɥɛɡɟɶɤɫɛɢɢɛɬɶɪɛɭɷɨɠɜɩɦɷɳɩɠɥɩɦɣɲɠɬɭɝɩɥɩɯɠɝɢɠɫɨɛɰɝɶɬɧɩɡɠɭɠɨɛɬɦɛɡɟɛɭɷɬɺɝɬɠɞ-

ɟɛɬɝɠɡɠɤɥɩɯɠɤɨɩɤɬɧɠɬɷɹ

Ʌɛɭɠɞɩɫɣɲɠɬɥɣɢɛɪɫɠɴɠɨɩɢɛɬɶɪɛɭɷɧɩɦɩɭɶɤɥɩɯɠɝɥɩɨɭɠɤɨɠɫɟɦɺɥɩɯɠɝɢɠɫɨɛɰ0

ǾȓȑȡșȖȞȜȐȘȎȟȠȓȝȓțȖȝȜȚȜșȎ

Ʉɨɮɟɦɨɠɟɬɛɵɬɶɩɟɪɟɦɨɥɨɬɛɨɥɟɟɢɥɢɦɟɧɟɟɦɟɥɤɨɜɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢɨɬɠɟɥɚɟɦɨɣɫɬɟɩɟɧɢɩɨɦɨɥɚ

ɋɬɟɩɟɧɶɩɨɦɨɥɚɜɥɢɹɟɬɧɚɫɢɥɭɜɤɭɫɚɤɨɮɟɢɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨɤɪɟɦɨɜɨɣɩɟɧɤɢȼɵɦɨɠɟɬɟɩɨɩɪɨɛɨɜɚɬɶɜɚɪɶɢɪɨ-

ɜɚɬɶɷɬɨɬɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɱɬɨɛɵɧɚɣɬɢɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɭɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɭɸɜɚɲɢɦɜɤɭɫɨɜɵɦɩɪɟɞɩɨɱɬɟɧɢɹɦ

ɇɚɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɟɞɥɹɤɨɮɟɜɡɟɪɧɚɯɢɦɟɟɬɫɹɲɤɚɥɚɨɬɞɨȻɨɥɶɲɢɟɧɨɦɟɪɚɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɬɛɨɥɟɟ

ɤɪɭɩɧɨɦɭɩɨɦɨɥɭɆɟɧɶɲɢɟɧɨɦɟɪɚɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɬɛɨɥɟɟɦɟɥɤɨɦɭɩɨɦɨɥɭɉɨɩɪɨɛɭɣɬɟɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɶ

ɤɨɮɟɫɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸɩɨɦɨɥɚɁɚɬɟɦɜɚɪɶɢɪɭɣɬɟɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɩɨɦɨɥɚɱɬɨɛɵɧɚɣɬɢ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɭ ɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɨ

ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɭɸɜɚɲɢɦɜɤɭɫɨɜɵɦɩɪɟɞɩɨɱɬɟɧɢɹɦ

ɑɬɨɛɵɨɬɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɩɨɦɨɥɚɤɨɮɟɦɟɥɤɚɹɢɥɢɤɪɭɩɧɚɹɡɟɪɧɢɫɬɨɫɬɶɧɚɠɦɢɬɟɜɧɢɡɪɵɱɚɝ

ɪɚɡɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɢ2ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɚɞɥɹɤɨɮɟɉɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɞɥɹɤɨɮɟɩɨɱɚɫɨɜɨɣɫɬɪɟɥɤɟɟɫɥɢɜɵ

ɠɟɥɚɟɬɟɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶɦɟɥɤɭɸɡɟɪɧɢɫɬɨɫɬɶɢɥɢɩɪɨɬɢɜɱɚɫɨɜɨɣɫɬɪɟɥɤɢɟɫɥɢɜɵɠɟɥɚɟɬɟɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶɛɨɥɟɟ

ɤɪɭɩɧɭɸɡɟɪɧɢɫɬɨɫɬɶɊɢɫ

ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓ

ɗɬɚɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɹɞɨɥɠɧɚɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɩɪɢɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɨɣɤɨɮɟɦɨɥɤɟ

ɗɬɚɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɹɞɨɥɠɧɚɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹɫɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɣɤɪɵɲɤɨɣɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɚɞɥɹɤɨɮɟ3

ǽȜȒȎȥȎȘȜȢȓ

ȼɫɬɚɜɶɬɟɜɢɥɤɭɜɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɪɨɡɟɬɤɭ

ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟɤɧɨɩɤɭɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ

 

ɂɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɤɧɨɩɤɢɧɚɱɧɟɬɝɨɪɟɬɶɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɨɂɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɤɧɨɩɤɢɩɨɞɚɱɢ

ɤɨɮɟ

 

ɧɚɱɧɟɬɝɨɪɟɬɶɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɨɫɢɝɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɹɨɬɨɦɱɬɨɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɣɛɨɣɥɟɪɝɨɬɨɜɤɩɨɞɚɱɟɤɨɮɟ

ȼɫɬɚɜɶɬɟɮɢɥɶɬɪɜɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɊɢɫ

ɉɨɦɟɫɬɢɬɟɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɩɨɞɤɨɮɟɦɨɥɤɭɊɢɫȼɫɬɚɜɶɬɟɤɪɵɥɵɲɤɢɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɜ

ɨɩɨɪɭɩɨɞɤɨɮɟɦɨɥɤɨɣɉɨɫɥɟɤɚɠɞɨɝɨɩɪɢɠɚɬɢɹɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ)ɤɨɩɨɪɟɩɨɞɤɨɮɟɦɨɥɤɨɣɢɡ

ɧɟɟɛɭɞɟɬɜɵɯɨɞɢɬɶɦɨɥɨɬɵɣɤɨɮɟɄɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɦɨɥɨɬɨɝɨɤɨɮɟɜɥɢɹɟɬɧɚɫɢɥɭɜɤɭɫɚɤɨɮɟɢɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨ

ɤɪɟɦɨɜɨɣɩɟɧɤɢ

ɇɩɦɩɭɶɤɥɩɯɠɝɟɠɫɡɛɭɠɦɠɯɣɦɷɭɫɛɟɩɦɡɠɨɜɶɭɷɬɪɫɠɬɬɩɝɛɨɬɪɩɧɩɴɷɹɭɠɧɪɠɫɛɋɣɬ

ȼɫɬɚɜɢɬɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɫɜɨɟɦɟɫɬɨ

ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓ

ɉɪɨɱɧɨɡɚɜɢɧɬɢɬɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɢɭɛɟɞɢɬɶɫɹɱɬɨɨɧɯɨɪɨɲɨɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɜɨɮɥɚɧɰɟɊɢɫ

ȿɫɥɢɜɵɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɛɨɥɶɲɨɟɤɨɥɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɦɨɥɨɬɨɝɨɤɨɮɟɜɨɜɧɭɬɪɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɟɮɢɥɶɬɪɨ-

ɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹɦɨɠɟɬɡɚɬɪɭɞɧɢɬɶɫɹɢɢɥɢɜɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟɩɨɞɚɱɢɤɨɮɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɚɭɬɟɱɤɚɜɨɞɵɢɡɮɢɥɶ-

ɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹ

Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɞɭɟɬɶɫɹɨɫɬɚɜɢɬɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɫɜɨɺɦɦɟɫɬɟɧɚɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨɦɢɧɭɬɩɟɪɟɞɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢ-

ɟɦɤɨɮɟɬɚɤɢɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦɱɬɨɛɵɨɧɛɵɥɝɨɪɹɱɢɦɗɬɨɧɟɧɚɞɨɛɭɞɟɬɩɪɨɞɟɥɵɜɚɬɶɞɥɹɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ

ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɝɨɤɨɮɟ

Ʉɨɝɞɚɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɤɧɨɩɤɢɩɨɞɚɱɢɤɨɮɟ

 

ɧɚɱɧɟɬɝɨɪɟɬɶɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɨɩɪɢɛɨɪɞɨɫɬɢɝɧɟɬɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɣ

ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵɢɛɭɞɟɬɝɨɬɨɜɤɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ

ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟɤɧɨɩɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɢɤɨɮɟ ɱɬɨɛɵɡɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɶɩɨɞɚɱɭɤɨɮɟɊɢɫ

ȼɨɜɪɟɦɹɩɨɞɚɱɢɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɤɧɨɩɤɢɩɨɞɚɱɢɤɨɮɟ

 

ɦɢɝɚɟɬ

ɑɬɨɛɵɩɪɟɪɜɚɬɶɩɨɞɚɱɭɫɧɨɜɚɧɚɠɦɢɬɟɤɧɨɩɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɢɤɨɮɟ 

ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓ

Ʉɚɤɢɜɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯɤɨɮɟɦɚɲɢɧɚɯɧɟɫɧɢɦɚɣɬɟɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɤɨɝɞɚɤɧɨɩɤɚɩɨɞɚɱɢ

ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɚ

ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓ

ɉɨɞɨɠɞɚɬɶɨɤɨɥɨɞɟɫɹɬɢɫɟɤɭɧɞɩɟɪɟɞɬɟɦɤɚɤɫɧɹɬɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɩɨɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɢɩɨɞɚɱɢ

ɤɨɮɟɞɥɹɬɨɝɨɱɬɨɛɵɫɧɹɬɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶ ɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɨ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɭɬɶɟɝɨɫɩɪɚɜɚɧɚɥɟɜɨɜɨ

ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟɛɪɵɡɝɨɜɜɨɞɵɢɥɢɤɨɮɟ

Ɍɲɣɭɛɠɭɷɬɺɝɪɩɦɨɠɨɩɫɧɛɦɷɨɶɧɺɝɦɠɨɣɠɥɩɞɟɛɝɪɫɩɱɠɬɬɠɨɛɞɫɠɝɛɩɜɨɛɫɮɡɣɝɛɹɭɷɬɺɧɛɦɠɨɷ-

ɥɣɠɝɶɜɫɩɬɶɪɛɫɛɣɢɯɣɦɷɭɫɩɟɠɫɡɛɭɠɦɺ

ǶȕȐșȓȥȓțȖȓȢȖșȪȠȞȎ

ɑɬɨɛɵɢɡɜɥɟɱɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɢɡɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟɮɢɥɶɬɪɩɪɨɬɢɜɱɚɫɨɜɨɣɫɬɪɟɥɤɢɊɢɫ

ɂɡɜɥɟɤɢɬɟɮɢɥɶɬɪ

ȂȡțȘȤȖȭȎȐȠȜȚȎȠȖȥȓȟȘȜȑȜȐȩȘșȬȥȓțȖȭ

ɗɬɚɤɨɮɟɜɚɪɤɚɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɚɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɜɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫɧɨɜɵɦɢɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ

ɷɧɟɪɝɨɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹȿɫɥɢɩɪɢɛɨɪɛɵɥɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɨɧɟɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɜɬɟɱɟɧɢɟɦɢɧɭɬɬɨɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚ-

ɟɬɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɚɜɬɨɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɑɬɨɛɵɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɶɧɨɜɵɣɤɨɮɟɩɨɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹɫɧɨɜɚɜɤɥɸɱɢɬɶɦɚɲɢɧɭ

ɧɚɠɚɜɤɧɨɩɤɭɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ Ⱦɨɠɞɢɬɟɫɶɩɨɤɚɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ ɩɨɞɚɱɢɤɨɮɟ ɧɚɱɧɟɬɝɨɪɟɬɶ

ɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɨɱɬɨɛɵɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɶɤɨɮɟ

ǻȎȝȜșțȓțȖȓȏȎȘȎȐȜȒȜȗȐȝȞȜȤȓȟȟȓȝȞȖȚȓțȓțȖȭ

Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɭɪɨɜɟɧɶɜɨɞɵɜɛɚɤɟɉɪɢɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɢɜɨɞɵɜɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪɟ

ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹɜɢɛɪɚɰɢɹɢɛɨɥɟɟɫɢɥɶɧɵɣɲɭɦ

ȼɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɩɪɢɛɨɪɢɢɡɜɥɟɤɢɬɟɜɢɥɤɭɢɡɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɪɨɡɟɬɤɢɇɚɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɛɚɤɞɨɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɝɨɭɪɨɜɧɹ

ɢɫɧɨɜɚɜɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɩɪɢɛɨɪ

ǽǾǶǱǼȀǼǰǹǳǻǶǳǸǮǽȁȅǶǻǼ

ɉɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɟɤɨɮɟɉɟɪɟɞɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦɬɪɭɛɤɢɩɚɪɚɞɥɹɮɭɧɤɰɢɢɩɚɪɚɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶɱɬɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶ

ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɫɧɹɬɢɡɝɧɟɡɞɚ

ɑɬɨɛɵɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɶɤɚɩɭɱɢɧɨɝɨɪɹɱɢɣɲɨɤɨɥɚɞɢɥɢɩɪɨɫɬɨɪɚɡɨɝɪɟɬɶɥɸɛɨɣɞɪɭɝɨɣɧɚɩɢɬɨɤɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ

ɤɧɨɩɤɭɮɭɧɤɰɢɢɩɚɪɚ ɱɬɨɛɵɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɮɭɧɤɰɢɸɩɚɪɚɊɢɫ

ɂɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɤɧɨɩɤɢɮɭɧɤɰɢɢɩɚɪɚ

ɧɚɱɧɟɬɦɢɝɚɬɶɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɚɹɱɬɨɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɣɤɨɬɟɥɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬɧɚɝɪɟɜ

ɬɲɣɭɛɠɭɷɬɺɝɪɩɦɨɠɨɩɫɧɛɦɷɨɶɧɺɝɦɠɨɣɠɥɩɞɟɛɝɪɫɩɱɠɬɬɠɨɛɞɫɠɝɛɩɜɨɛɫɮɡɣɝɛɹɭɷɬɺɧɛɦɠɨɷ-

ɥɣɠɝɶɜɫɩɬɶɪɛɫɛɣɢɯɣɦɷɭɫɩɟɠɫɡɛɭɠɦɺ

ɉɨɦɟɫɬɢɬɟɬɪɭɛɤɭɩɚɪɚɜɟɦɤɨɫɬɶɫɦɨɥɨɤɨɦɞɥɹɜɫɩɟɧɢɜɚɧɢɹɊɢɫ



ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓ

ɈɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹɨɠɨɝɨɜȻɟɪɢɬɟɬɪɭɛɤɭɩɚɪɚɬɨɥɶɤɨɡɚɪɟɡɢɧɨɜɭɸɱɚɫɬɶ

Ʉɨɝɞɚɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɤɧɨɩɤɢɮɭɧɤɰɢɢɩɚɪɚ

 

ɧɚɱɧɟɬɝɨɪɟɬɶɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɨɧɚɠɦɢɬɟɤɧɨɩɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɢɩɚɪɚ4

ɱɬɨɛɵɡɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɶɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɩɨɞɚɱɢɊɢɫ

ɉɨɝɪɭɡɢɬɟɬɪɭɛɤɭɩɚɪɚɜɦɨɥɨɤɨɞɨɞɧɚɇɚɠɦɢɬɟɤɧɨɩɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɢɩɚɪɚ4ɱɟɪɟɡɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨɫɟɤɭɧɞɜɵ

ɭɜɢɞɢɬɟɤɚɤɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɟɬɫɹɝɭɫɬɚɹɢɤɪɟɦɨɜɚɹɩɟɧɤɚ

ɑɬɨɛɵɩɪɟɪɜɚɬɶɩɨɞɚɱɭɩɨɪɚɨɬɩɭɫɬɢɬɟɤɧɨɩɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɢɩɚɪɚ4

Ɋɩɬɦɠɥɛɡɟɩɞɩɣɬɪɩɦɷɢɩɝɛɨɣɺɝɶɪɩɦɨɺɤɭɠɪɩɟɛɲɮɪɛɫɛɟɦɣɭɠɦɷɨɩɬɭɷɹɨɠɬɥɩɦɷɥɩɬɠɥɮɨɟɲɭɩ-

ɜɶɩɬɝɩɜɩɟɣɭɷɩɭɝɠɫɬɭɣɠɯɩɫɬɮɨɥɣɝɶɰɩɟɛɪɛɫɛɩɭɝɩɢɧɩɡɨɶɰɩɬɭɛɭɥɩɝɧɩɦɩɥɛ

ɑɬɨɛɵɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɶɮɭɧɤɰɢɸɩɚɪɚɫɧɨɜɚɧɚɠɦɢɬɟɤɧɨɩɤɭɮɭɧɤɰɢɢɩɚɪɚ

Ɇɚɲɢɧɚɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ

ɩɟɪɟɣɞɟɬɤɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɦɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɦɞɥɹɩɨɞɚɱɢɤɨɮɟ

ǽǼǰȀǼǾǻǼǳǶǿǽǼǹȊǵǼǰǮǻǶǳǲǹȍǸǼȂǳ

ɑɬɨɛɵɩɟɪɟɣɬɢɨɬɩɨɞɚɱɢɩɚɪɚɤɩɨɞɚɱɟɤɨɮɟɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɨɯɥɚɞɢɬɶɛɨɣɥɟɪ

ɉɨɫɬɚɜɶɬɟɟɦɤɨɫɬɶɩɨɞɬɪɭɛɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɢɩɚɪɚɊɢɫ

ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟɤɧɨɩɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɢɤɨɮɟ ɢɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟɧɚɠɚɬɨɣɤɧɨɩɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɢɩɚɪɚ4ɱɬɨɛɵɜɵɩɭɫɬɢɬɶ

ɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɵɣɩɚɪɢɨɯɥɚɞɢɬɶɛɨɣɥɟɪ

Ⱦɨɠɞɢɬɟɫɶɩɨɤɚɢɡɬɪɭɛɤɢɩɚɪɚɧɚɱɧɟɬɜɵɯɨɞɢɬɶɜɨɞɚ

ɉɪɟɠɞɟɱɟɦɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɶɤɨɮɟɞɨɠɞɢɬɟɫɶɩɨɤɚɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɤɧɨɩɤɢɩɨɞɚɱɢɤɨɮɟ ɧɚɱɧɟɬɝɨɪɟɬɶɧɟ-

ɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɨ

ǾǳǸǼǺǳǻǲǮȄǶǶǽǼǽǾǶǱǼȀǼǰǹǳǻǶȌǻǮǿȀǼȍȇǳǱǼȋǿǽǾǳǿǿǼ

ǽǼǶȀǮǹȊȍǻǿǸǶ

ɋɬɟɩɟɧɶɩɨɦɨɥɚɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɦɨɥɨɬɨɝɨɤɨɮɟɩɪɟɫɫɨɜɤɚɤɨɮɟɣɧɨɣɫɦɟɫɢɜɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɟɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɢɞɥɢ-

ɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɩɨɞɚɱɢɜɨɞɵɢɦɟɸɬɜɥɢɹɧɢɟɧɚɫɢɥɭɜɤɭɫɚɤɨɮɟɢɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨɤɪɟɦɨɜɨɣɩɟɧɤɢȼɵɦɨɠɟɬɟ

ɩɨɩɪɨɛɨɜɚɬɶɜɚɪɶɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɨɞɢɧɢɥɢɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨɢɡɷɬɢɯɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜɱɬɨɛɵɧɚɣɬɢɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɭɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɨ

ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɭɸɜɚɲɢɦɜɤɭɫɨɜɵɦɩɪɟɞɩɨɱɬɟɧɢɹɦ

ȿɫɥɢɜɵɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟɛɨɥɟɟɦɟɥɤɢɣɩɨɦɨɥɬɨɩɨɦɧɢɬɟɱɬɨɫɥɟɞɭɟɬɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɬɶɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɦɨɥɨɬɨɝɨɤɨɮɟ

ɜɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɟɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɢɦɟɧɶɲɟɫɩɪɟɫɫɨɜɚɬɶɤɨɮɟɬɟɦɩɟɪɨɦɜɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɨɦɫɥɭɱɚɟɤɨɮɟɦɨɠɟɬɩɨɥɭ-

ɱɢɬɶɫɹɜɨɞɹɧɢɫɬɵɦɂɧɚɨɛɨɪɨɬɟɫɥɢɩɨɦɨɥɝɪɭɛɵɣɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɬɟɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɦɨɥɨɬɨɝɨɤɨɮɟɜɞɟɪɠɚɬɟ-

ɥɟɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɢɫɢɥɶɧɟɟɫɩɪɟɫɫɭɣɬɟɤɨɮɟɬɟɦɩɟɪɨɦ

ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɥɟɝɤɚɭɩɥɨɬɧɢɬɶɦɨɥɨɬɵɣɤɨɮɟɜɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɟɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ

ɏɪɚɧɢɬɟɤɨɮɟɜɡɟɪɧɚɯɜɡɚɤɪɵɬɨɣɛɚɧɤɟɜɩɪɨɯɥɚɞɧɨɦɦɟɫɬɟɫɧɟɜɵɫɨɤɨɣɜɥɚɠɧɨɫɬɶɸɉɪɢɜɨɡɦɨɠ-

ɧɨɫɬɢɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɤɨɮɟɜɜɚɤɭɭɦɟɉɨɤɭɩɚɣɬɟɤɨɮɟɜɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɢɯɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɚɯɱɬɨɛɵɢɦɟɬɶɜɫɟɝɞɚɫɜɟɠɢɣ

ɤɨɮɟɞɥɹɩɨɦɨɥɚ

ǼǯǿǹȁǴǶǰǮǻǶǳǽǾǶǯǼǾǮ

ǾȎȕȏșȜȘȖȞȜȐȘȎȘȜȢȓȚȜșȘȖ

ȿɫɥɢɤɨɮɟɦɨɥɤɚɡɚɛɥɨɤɢɪɭɟɬɫɹɤɧɨɩɤɚɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɱɧɟɬɦɢɝɚɬɶɫɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɨɦɜɦɢɧɭɬɭɉɪɢ-

ɱɢɧɨɣɷɬɨɝɨɦɨɠɟɬɛɵɬɶɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɣ ɫɪɟɞɢɤɨɮɟɣɧɵɯɡɟɪɟɧɫɤɨɪɥɭɩɚɢɥɢɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɢɟ

ɤɚɦɟɲɤɢɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵɯɡɚɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɠɟɪɧɨɜɚ

Ɉɩɨɪɨɠɧɢɬɟɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɨɬɨɫɬɚɬɤɨɜɦɨɥɨɬɨɝɨɤɨɮɟ

ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟɜɧɢɡɪɵɱɚɝɪɚɡɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɢ2ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɚɞɥɹɤɨɮɟɜɡɟɪɧɚɯ

ɉɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɞɥɹɤɨɮɟɜɡɟɪɧɚɯ0ɞɨɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɜɤɨɬɨɪɨɦɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɧɵɣɧɚɧɟɦɫɢɦɜɨɥ

ɫɨɜɩɚɞɚɟɬɫɫɢɦɜɨɥɨɦɧɚɦɚɲɢɧɟɊɢɫɁɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹɡɚɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɚɜɲɢɟɠɟɪɧɨɜɚɭɩɚɞɭɬɜɤɚɧɚɥ

ɞɥɹɦɨɥɨɬɨɝɨɤɨɮɟ

ɨɩɨɪɭɩɨɞɤɨɮɟɦɨɥɤɨɣɉɪɢɠɦɢɬɟɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ)ɤɨɩɨɪɟɩɨɞɤɨɮɟɦɨɥɤɨɣ

ɉɨɡɜɨɥɶɬɟɦɨɥɨɬɨɦɭɤɨɮɟɭɩɚɫɬɶɜɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɚȼɵɛɪɨɫɶɬɟɦɨɥɨɬɵɣɤɨɮɟɱɬɨɛɵɭɞɚɥɢɬɶ

ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟɫɹɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹ

ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɭɸɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɩɨɦɨɥɚ

ɉɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɟɤɨɮɟ

ȿɫɥɢɩɨɫɥɟɬɪɟɯɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɩɨɩɵɬɨɤɤɨɮɟɦɨɥɤɚɧɟɡɚɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹɢɨɫɬɚɟɬɫɹɡɚɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ

ɤɧɨɩɤɢ ,  ɢ ɧɚɱɧɭɬɛɵɫɬɪɨɦɢɝɚɬɶ

ȼɬɚɤɨɦɫɥɭɱɚɟɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɶɫɹɜɛɥɢɠɚɣɲɢɣɚɜɬɨɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɣɰɟɧɬɪɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɨɝɨɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ

ǼȅǶǿȀǸǮǽǾǶǯǼǾǮ

ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓ

ɉɪɢɭɫɥɨɜɢɢɫɜɨɟɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣɱɢɫɬɤɢɢɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹɩɪɨɮɢɥɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɪɭ-

ɟɬɫɹɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɟɟɝɨɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɜɬɟɱɟɧɢɟɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɩɟɪɢɨɞɚɜɪɟɦɟɧɢɇɟɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ

ɦɵɬɶɟɱɚɫɬɟɣɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɜɩɨɫɭɞɨɦɨɟɱɧɨɣɦɚɲɢɧɟɇɟɥɶɡɹɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɩɪɹɦɵɟɫɬɪɭɢɜɨɞɵ

ȅȖȟȠȘȎȢȖșȪȠȞȎȒșȭȚȜșȜȠȜȑȜȘȜȢȓ

ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶɱɬɨɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹɧɟɡɚɤɭɩɨɪɟɧɵɉɨɞɚɣɬɟɝɨɪɹɱɭɸɜɨɞɭɱɟɪɟɡɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɛɟɡɤɨɮɟɣ-

ɧɨɣɫɦɟɫɢɱɬɨɛɵɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɬɶɢɥɢɭɞɚɥɢɬɶɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɟɨɫɬɚɬɤɢɤɨɮɟɢɥɢɞɪɭɝɢɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹ

ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓ

Ɉɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨɫɧɹɬɶɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɬɚɤɤɚɤɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɟɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦɨɠɟɬɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢɤɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨ-

ɜɟɧɢɸɛɪɵɡɝɝɨɪɹɱɟɣɜɨɞɵ

Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɤɚɠɞɵɟɦɟɫɹɰɚɬɳɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹɢɦɟɸɳɢɟɫɹɜɩɪɨɞɚɠɟɬɚɛɥɟɬ-

ɤɢɞɥɹɱɢɫɬɤɢɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɜɢɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɹɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ

 ɉɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɱɢɫɬɹɳɭɸɬɚɛɥɟɬɤɭɜɮɢɥɶɬɪɛɟɡɤɨɮɟɤɨɝɞɚɦɚɲɢɧɚɯɨɪɨɲɨɧɚɝɪɟɬɚɦɢɧɢɦɭɦɩɨɫɥɟ

ɦɢɧɭɬɧɚɝɪɟɜɚ

 ɉɪɢɤɪɟɩɢɬɶɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɤɩɪɢɛɨɪɭɢɪɚɡɦɟɫɬɢɬɶɩɨɞɧɢɦɟɦɤɨɫɬɶɞɥɹɤɨɮɟ

 ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟɤɧɨɩɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɢɤɨɮɟ ɱɬɨɛɵɡɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɶɩɨɞɚɱɭɜɨɞɵ

 ȼɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɶɩɨɞɚɱɭɜɨɞɵɫɨɜɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɦɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɦɜɦɚɲɢɧɭɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɹɩɪɢɷɬɨɦɬɚɛɥɟɬɤɭ

ɞɥɹɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɯɨɬɹɛɵɧɚɦɢɧɭɬ

 ɉɨɜɬɨɪɢɬɟɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɸɩɨɞɚɱɢɜɨɞɵɈɫɬɚɜɶɬɟɜɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢɩɨɤɨɹɧɚɫɟɤɭɧɞɉɨɜɬɨɪɹɣɬɟɨɩɟɪɚ-

ɰɢɢɞɨɢɡɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɞɜɭɯɛɚɤɨɜɞɥɹɜɨɞɵ

 ȼɵɧɭɬɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɢɡɦɚɲɢɧɵɢɯɨɪɨɲɨɩɪɨɦɵɬɶɟɝɨɢɡɩɨɞɤɪɚɧɚɫɬɪɭɺɣɜɨɞɵ



ȼɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɭɨɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɩɪɨɜɨɞɩɢɬɚɧɢɹɢɡɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɪɨɡɟɬɤɢɢɩɪɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɟɩɪɢɩɨɦɨɳɢɝɭɛ-

ɤɢɝɧɟɡɞɨɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɊɢɫɞɥɹɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹɤɚɤɢɯɥɢɛɨɨɫɬɚɬɤɨɜɤɨɮɟɧɚɥɟɣɤɟ

 ȼɤɥɸɱɢɬɶɩɪɢɛɨɪɩɪɢɤɪɟɩɢɬɶɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɢɞɚɬɶɜɵɬɟɱɶɟɳɟɯɨɬɹɛɵɞɜɭɦɱɚɲɤɚɦɜɨɞɵ

ɱɬɨɛɵɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸɩɪɨɦɵɬɶɟɝɨ

ȿɫɥɢɩɪɢɛɨɪɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹɤɚɠɞɵɣɞɟɧɶɬɨɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɸɩɨɱɢɫɬɤɟɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɩɨɜɬɨɪɹɬɶɤɚɠɞɵɟɬɪɢɦɟɫɹɰɚ

ȅȖȟȠȘȎȥȎȟȠȓȗȝȞȖȏȜȞȎ

ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓ

Ɉɩɟɪɚɰɢɹɱɢɫɬɤɢɞɨɥɠɧɚɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹɤɨɝɞɚɩɪɢɛɨɪɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɲɬɟɩɫɟɥɶɧɚɹɜɢɥɤɚɨɬɫɨɟɞɢ-

ɧɟɧɚɨɬɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ

ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓ

Ɉɩɟɪɚɰɢɹɱɢɫɬɤɢɞɨɥɠɧɚɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹɬɨɥɶɤɨɬɨɝɞɚɤɨɝɞɚɩɪɢɛɨɪɞɨɫɬɢɝɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵɨɤɪɭɠɚ-

ɸɳɟɣɫɪɟɞɵ

ɉɨɦɨɣɬɟɛɚɤɞɥɹɜɨɞɵɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɢ ɮɢɥɶɬɪ ɜ ɜɨɞɟ ɫɦɨɸɳɢɦɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦɈɩɨɥɨɫɧɢɬɟɢ

ɬɳɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɜɵɫɭɲɢɬɟɜɫɟɱɚɫɬɢɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ

ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓ

ɉɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɢɬɟɱɢɫɬɤɭɧɟɫɴɟɦɧɵɯɱɚɫɬɟɣɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɩɪɢɩɨɦɨɳɢɦɹɝɤɨɣɭɜɥɚɠɟɧɧɧɨɣɬɤɚɧɢɜɨ

ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɤɨɪɩɭɫɚ

100

ǼȥȖȟȠȘȎȑțȓȕȒȎȒȓȞȔȎȠȓșȭȢȖșȪȠȞȎ

ɋɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɟɦɜɝɧɟɡɞɟɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɦɨɝɭɬɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɭɬɶɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɨɫɬɚɬɤɨɜɤɨɮɟɤɨ-

ɬɨɪɵɟɦɨɠɧɨɭɞɚɥɢɬɶɫɩɨɦɨɳɶɸɡɭɛɨɱɢɫɬɤɢɝɭɛɤɢɊɢɫɢɥɢɩɭɬɟɦɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚɧɢɹɜɨɞɵɛɟɡɭɫɬɚɧɨɜ-

ɥɟɧɧɨɝɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɊɢɫ

ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓ

ɇɟɦɨɣɬɟɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɜɩɨɫɭɞɨɦɨɟɱɧɨɣɦɚɲɢɧɟ

ȅȖȟȠȘȎȠȞȡȏȘȖȝȜȒȎȥȖȝȎȞȎ

ɉɨɫɥɟɤɚɠɞɨɝɨɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɜɵɩɭɫɤɚɬɶɧɟɦɧɨɝɨɩɚɪɚɞɥɹɨɱɢɳɟɧɢɹɨɬɜɟɪ-

ɫɬɢɹɨɬɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɯɨɫɬɚɬɤɨɜɤɨɮɟ

ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓ

ȼɨɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹɨɠɨɝɨɜɞɚɧɧɭɸɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɸɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶɩɪɢɨɯɥɚɠ-

ɞɟɧɧɨɣɯɪɨɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣɬɪɭɛɤɟ

ȿɫɥɢɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɨɬɜɢɧɬɢɬɟɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɭɩɚɪɚɫɬɪɭɛɤɢɊɢɫ ɢɩɨɦɨɣɬɟɟɟɩɨɞɩɪɨɬɨɱɧɨɣɜɨɞɨɣ

Ɍɪɭɛɤɭɦɨɠɧɨɩɪɨɬɢɪɚɬɶɧɟɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɨɣɬɪɹɩɤɨɣɇɚɜɢɧɬɢɬɟɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɭɜɵɯɨɞɚɩɚɪɚɞɨɭɩɨɪɚȿɫɥɢɧɟ-

ɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɩɨɦɨɳɶɸɛɭɥɚɜɤɢɩɪɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɟɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟɞɥɹɜɵɯɨɞɚɩɚɪɚɊɢɫ

ȅȖȟȠȘȎȞȓȦȮȠȘȖȖȝȜȒȒȜțȎ

ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓ

Ɉɩɟɪɚɰɢɹɱɢɫɬɤɢɞɨɥɠɧɚɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹɤɨɝɞɚɩɪɢɛɨɪɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɲɬɟɩɫɟɥɶɧɚɹɜɢɥɤɚɨɬɫɨɟɞɢ-

ɧɟɧɚɨɬɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ

ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓ

Ɉɩɟɪɚɰɢɹɱɢɫɬɤɢɞɨɥɠɧɚɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹɬɨɥɶɤɨɬɨɝɞɚɤɨɝɞɚɩɪɢɛɨɪɞɨɫɬɢɝɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵɨɤɪɭɠɚ-

ɸɳɟɣɫɪɟɞɵ

ɉɨɦɧɢɬɟɨɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢɩɟɪɢɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɨɩɭɫɬɨɲɚɬɶɩɨɞɞɨɧɞɥɹɫɛɨɪɚɤɚɩɟɥɶ

ɋɧɢɦɢɬɟɪɟɲɟɬɤɭɩɨɞɫɬɚɜɤɭɞɥɹɱɚɲɤɢ-

ɋɧɢɦɢɬɟɩɨɞɞɨɧɞɥɹɫɛɨɪɚɤɚɩɟɥɶ.ɫɦɚɲɢɧɵɨɩɨɪɨɠɧɢɬɟɟɝɨɢɩɪɨɦɨɣɬɟɩɨɞɩɪɨɬɨɱɧɨɣɜɨɞɨɣ

Ɍɚɤɠɟɩɨɦɨɣɬɟɪɟɲɟɬɤɭɩɨɞɫɬɚɜɤɭɞɥɹɱɚɲɟɤ

ȁǲǮǹǳǻǶǳǻǮǸǶǽǶ

ɉɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɟɬɟɯɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟɢɪɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɚɹɱɢɫɬɤɚɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɬɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɶɟɝɨɨɬɜɨɡɧɢɤ-

ɧɨɜɟɧɢɹɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣɢɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶɜɪɚɛɨɱɟɦɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢɜɬɟɱɟɧɢɟɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɩɟɪɢɨɞɚɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ

ɫɧɢɠɚɹɞɨɦɢɧɢɦɭɦɚɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɣɪɢɫɤɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɜɩɪɢɛɨɪɟɢɡɜɟɫɬɤɨɜɨɝɨɧɚɥɟɬɚȿɫɥɢɧɟɫɦɨɬɪɹɧɚ

ɷɬɢɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɱɟɪɟɡɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɟɜɪɟɦɹɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɹɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɡɚɬɪɭɞɧɹɟɬɫɹɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɢɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨɢɫ-

ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɠɟɫɬɤɨɣɤɚɥɶɰɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣɜɨɞɵɬɨɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɩɪɨɜɟɫɬɢɞɟɤɚɥɶɰɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɭɫɬɪɨɣ-

ɫɬɜɚɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɞɥɹ ɷɬɨɣ ɰɟɥɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨ ɞɥɹ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɤɢɩɢɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɥɢɦɨɧɧɨɣ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɗɬɨ

ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦɨɠɧɨɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɫɬɢɜɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɵɯɰɟɧɬɪɚɯɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɟɧɟɫɟɬɧɢɤɚɤɨɣɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ

ɡɚɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɜɨɡɧɢɤɲɢɟɜɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɧɟɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ

ɜɜɢɞɭɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹɜɧɢɯɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɞɨɛɚɜɨɤȼɫɥɭɱɚɟɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹɞɟɤɚɥɶɰɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ

ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɢɬɶɫɹɫɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɟɣɩɨɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɞɥɹɞɟɤɚɥɶɰɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ

ǰȉǰǼǲǶǵȋǸǿǽǹȁǮȀǮȄǶǶ

ɑɬɨɛɵɜɵɜɟɫɬɢɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɢɡɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɨɬɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɶɲɬɟɩɫɟɥɶɧɭɸɜɢɥɤɭɨɬɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟ-

ɫɤɨɣɪɨɡɟɬɤɢɨɩɨɪɨɠɧɢɬɶɛɚɤɞɥɹɜɨɞɵɨɩɨɪɨɠɧɢɬɶɢɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶɩɨɞɞɨɧɞɥɹɫɛɨɪɚɤɚɩɟɥɶɫɦɩɚɪɚ-

ɝɪɚɮ³Ɉɱɢɫɬɤɚɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ´

ɉɟɪɟɞɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɟɣɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɪɚɫɫɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɱɚɫɬɢɜɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫɜɢɞɚɦɢɦɚɬɟ-

ɪɢɚɥɨɜɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɯɞɥɹɢɯɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɚɡɚɬɟɦɩɪɢɫɬɭɩɢɬɶɤɟɝɨɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɭɹɫɶ

ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɦɢɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɯɚɤɬɨɜɩɪɢɧɹɬɵɯɜɫɬɪɚɧɟɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ

101

ǾȁǸǼǰǼǲǿȀǰǼǽǼȁǿȀǾǮǻǳǻǶȌǻǳǸǼȀǼǾȉȃǻǳǽǼǹǮǲǼǸ

ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓ

ȼɫɥɭɱɚɟɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹɧɟɩɨɥɚɞɨɤɜɪɚɛɨɬɟɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɧɟɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɨɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɟɝɨɢɢɡɜɥɟɤɢɬɟ

ɲɬɟɩɫɟɥɶɧɭɸɜɢɥɤɭɢɡɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ

ɉɊɈȻɅȿɆɕ ɉɊɂɑɂɇɕ ɋɉɈɋɈȻɕɍɋɌɊȺɇȿɇɂə

ɂɡɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɧɟ

ɜɵɯɨɞɢɬɩɚɪ

ȼɧɟɦɦɚɥɨɜɨɞɵɢɧɚɫɨɫɧɟ

ɜɫɚɫɵɜɚɟɬ

ɉɪɨɜɟɪɢɬɶɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɟɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪɚ

ɢɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɵɣɭɪɨɜɟɧɶɜɨɞɵɜɧɟɦ

ɇɚɩɨɥɧɢɬɶɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪɯɨɥɨɞɧɨɣɫɜɟɠɟɣɜɨɞɨɣ

ɞɨɭɪɨɜɧɹɨɬɦɟɬɤɢ0$;

Ɉɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟɞɥɹɜɵɯɨɞɚɩɚɪɚ

ɡɚɫɨɪɟɧɨ

ɉɪɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɟɛɭɥɚɜɤɨɣɢɡɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɚɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɟ

ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɧɚɤɢɩɢɜɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹɯɬɪɭɛɤɢ

ɩɨɞɚɱɢɩɚɪɚ

Ʉɨɮɟɩɨɥɭɱɢɥɫɹ

ɫɥɢɲɤɨɦ

ɜɨɞɹɧɢɫɬɵɦɢ

ɯɨɥɨɞɧɵɦ

Ʉɨɮɟɣɧɚɹɫɦɟɫɶɫɥɢɲɤɨɦ

ɤɪɭɩɧɨɝɨɩɨɦɨɥɚ

Ⱦɥɹɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹɛɨɥɟɟɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ

ɢɝɨɪɹɱɟɝɨɤɨɮɟɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ

ɫɦɟɫɶɛɨɥɟɟɬɨɧɤɨɝɨɩɨɦɨɥɚ

Ʉɨɮɟɦɨɥɤɚ

ɡɚɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɚɧɚ

ȼɟɪɨɹɬɧɨɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟɩɪɢɦɟɫɟɣ

ɜɤɨɮɟɣɧɵɯɛɨɛɚɯ

ɋɦɩɚɪɚɝɪɚɮ³Ɋɚɡɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɚɤɨɮɟɦɨɥɤɢ´

ȼɵɬɟɤɚɧɢɟ

ɤɨɮɟɡɚɤɪɚɹ

ɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹ

ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ

ȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɜɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶ

ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɧɚɫɵɩɚɥɢɫɥɢɲɤɨɦ

ɦɧɨɝɨɦɨɥɨɬɨɝɨɤɨɮɟɱɬɨɧɟ

ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɥɨɩɪɢɠɚɬɶɞɨɭɩɨɪɚ

ɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɜɟɝɨɝɧɟɡɞɟ

ɂɡɜɥɟɤɢɬɟɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɢɩɪɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɟ

ɝɧɟɡɞɨɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢɝɭɛɤɨɣɊɢɫɉɨɜɬɨɪɢɬɟ

ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɸɧɚɫɵɩɚɜɜɮɢɥɶɬɪɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɟ

ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɤɨɮɟ

ɇɚɩɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɟɜɦɟɫɬɟ

ɩɪɢɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹ

ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɥɢɫɶɨɫɬɚɬɤɢ

ɦɨɥɨɬɨɝɨɤɨɮɟ

ɉɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɢɬɟɱɢɫɬɤɭɩɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɢɩɪɢɩɨɦɨɳɢ

ɡɭɛɨɱɢɫɬɤɢɢɥɢɝɭɛɤɢɊɢɫ

Ɂɚɫɨɪɟɧɧɨɟɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟɜɵɯɨɞɚ

ɤɨɮɟɜɮɢɥɶɬɪɟɫɦɨɥɨɬɵɦ

ɤɨɮɟ

Ɉɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨɫɧɹɬɶɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɬɚɤ

ɤɚɤɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɟɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦɨɠɟɬɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ

ɤɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɸɛɪɵɡɝɝɨɪɹɱɟɣɜɨɞɵ

ɉɪɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶɡɚɫɨɪɟɧɧɨɟɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟɜɵɯɨɞɚ

ɤɨɮɟɫɩɨɦɨɳɶɸɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɸɳɟɣɫɹ

ɢɝɥɵɈɱɢɫɬɢɬɟɮɢɥɶɬɪɫɩɨɦɨɳɶɸɬɚɛɥɟɬɤɢ

ɞɥɹɨɱɢɫɬɤɢɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɜɫɨɛɥɸɞɚɹɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ

ɧɚɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɟ

102

ɉɊɈȻɅȿɆɕ ɉɊɂɑɂɇɕ ɋɉɈɋɈȻɕɍɋɌɊȺɇȿɇɂə

ɉɨɞɚɱɚɤɨɮɟ

ɧɟɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ

ɢɥɢɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ

ɫɥɢɲɤɨɦ

ɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɨ

Ɉɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹɩɟɪɮɨɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ

ɞɢɫɤɚɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɟɝɨɫɹɜɝɧɟɡɞɟ

ɝɞɟɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶ

ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɡɚɫɨɪɢɥɢɫɶ

ȼɤɥɸɱɢɬɶɩɪɢɛɨɪɛɟɡɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ

ɱɬɨɛɵɞɚɬɶɜɵɬɟɱɶɜɨɞɟȿɫɥɢɜɨɞɚɩɨ

ɩɪɟɠɧɟɦɭɧɟɜɵɯɨɞɢɬɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɢɡɜɫɟɯ

ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɣɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɩɪɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶɢɯɫ

ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ12&$/ɨɬ

$ULHWHɤɨɬɨɪɨɟɦɨɠɧɨɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɫɬɢɜɰɟɧɬɪɚɯ

ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɨɝɨɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ$ULHWHɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ

ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɦɧɚɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɟ

Ɂɚɫɨɪɟɧɧɨɟɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟɜɵɯɨɞɚ

ɤɨɮɟɜɮɢɥɶɬɪɟɫɦɨɥɨɬɵɦ

ɤɨɮɟ

Ɉɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨɫɧɹɬɶɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɬɚɤ

ɤɚɤɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɟɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦɨɠɟɬɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ

ɤɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɸɛɪɵɡɝɝɨɪɹɱɟɣɜɨɞɵ

ɉɪɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶɡɚɫɨɪɟɧɧɨɟɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟɜɵɯɨɞɚ

ɤɨɮɟɫɩɨɦɨɳɶɸɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɸɳɟɣɫɹ

ɢɝɥɵɈɱɢɫɬɢɬɟɮɢɥɶɬɪɫɩɨɦɨɳɶɸɬɚɛɥɟɬɤɢ

ɞɥɹɨɱɢɫɬɤɢɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɜɫɨɛɥɸɞɚɹɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ

ɧɚɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɟ

ɉɨɦɨɥɤɨɮɟɣɧɨɣɫɦɟɫɢɫɥɢɲɤɨɦ

ɦɟɥɤɢɣ

ɉɨɩɪɨɛɨɜɚɬɶɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɤɨɮɟɣɧɭɸɫɦɟɫɶ

ɛɨɥɟɟɤɪɭɩɧɨɝɨɩɨɦɨɥɚ

Ʉɨɮɟɣɧɚɹɫɦɟɫɶɫɩɪɟɫɫɨɜɚɧɚ

ɫɥɢɲɤɨɦɫɢɥɶɧɨ

ɇɟɬɚɤɫɢɥɶɧɨɩɪɟɫɫɨɜɚɬɶɤɨɮɟɜɮɢɥɶɬɪɟ

Ɋɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪɩɥɨɯɨɜɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ ȼɫɬɚɜɶɬɟɯɨɪɨɲɨɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪɫɠɢɦɚɹɞɧɨ

ȼɧɟɦɦɚɥɨɜɨɞɵɢɧɚɫɨɫɧɟ

ɜɫɚɫɵɜɚɟɬ

ɉɪɨɜɟɪɢɬɶɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɟɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪɚ

ɢɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɵɣɭɪɨɜɟɧɶɜɨɞɵɜɧɟɦɇɚɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ

ɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪɯɨɥɨɞɧɨɣɫɜɟɠɟɣɜɨɞɨɣɞɨɭɪɨɜɧɹ

ɨɬɦɟɬɤɢ0$;

103

Ⱦɚɬɚɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɭɤɚɡɚɧɚɧɚɤɨɪɩɭɫɟɢɡɞɟɥɢɹɜɡɚɲɢɮɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɦɜɢɞɟ61ZN\UDEFGHIJ

ɝɞɟZN±ɧɟɞɟɥɹɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ

\U±ɝɨɞɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ

DEFGHIJ±ɫɟɪɢɣɧɵɣɧɨɦɟɪɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ

ɋɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ

ɌɊɌɋ©ɈɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢɧɢɡɤɨɜɨɥɶɬɧɨɝɨɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɊɟɲɟɧɢɟɦɄɨɦɢɫɫɢɢ

Ɍɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨɫɨɸɡɚʋɨɬɚɜɝɭɫɬɚɝɨɞɚ

ɌɊɌɋ©ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɚɹɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɶɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɫɪɟɞɫɬɜªɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɊɟɲɟɧɢɟɦ

ɄɨɦɢɫɫɢɢɌɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨɫɨɸɡɚʋɨɬɞɟɤɚɛɪɹɝɨɞɚ

ɂɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹɨɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢɜɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɢɤɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɣɧɨɦɭɬɚɥɨɧɭɢɢɥɢɧɚɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɟɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ

ȼaȽɰȼɬɄɥɚɫɫ,,3;

ɋɞɟɥɚɧɨɜɄɢɬɚɟ

ɂɦɩɨɪɬɟɪɈɈɈ©Ɇɟɞɢɚɬɟɯª

ɘɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɚɞɪɟɫɝɨɪɨɞɆɨɫɤɜɚɭɥɢɰɚɋɚɞɨɜɚɹɌɪɢɭɦɮɚɥɶɧɚɹɞɨɦɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ

ɉɈɆ,ɄɈɆ

ɎɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɚɞɪɟɫɝɆɨɫɤɜɚɭɥɍɫɚɱɟɜɚɞɤɨɪɩɭɫɩɨɦ,,ɤɨɦ

ɂɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɶ'H¶/RQJKL$SSOLDQFHV6UO©ȾɟɥɨɧɝɢȺɩɩɥɚɟɧɫɢɫɋɊɅªȺɞɪɟɫɂɬɚɥɢɹ

ɎɥɨɪɟɧɰɢɹɄɚɦɩɢȻɢɡɟɧɰɢɨȼɢɚɋɄɭɢɪɢɤɨ

ɋɩɢɫɨɤɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣɭɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɟɧɧɵɯɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɟɦɧɚɪɚɛɨɬɭɫɩɪɟɬɟɧɡɢɹɦɢɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɟɣɢ

ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɵɦɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟɦɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɧɚɫɚɣɬɟKWWSZZZDULHWHQHWUXDVVLVWDQFH

Ƚɨɪɹɱɚɹɥɢɧɢɹ$ULHWH

Ɍɨɜɚɪɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɜɫɨɛɪɚɧɧɨɦɜɢɞɟɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɣɤɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɟɢɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɸɧɟ

ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ

ɍɬɢɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɜɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦɦɟɫɬɚɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ

Ƚɚɪɚɧɬɢɣɧɵɣɫɪɨɤɝɨɞɚɋɪɨɤɫɥɭɠɛɵɢɡɞɟɥɢɹɝɨɞɚ

ɂɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹɨɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢɜɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɢɤɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɣɧɨɦɭɬɚɥɨɧɭɢɢɥɢɧɚɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɟɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ

104

ﺐ

ﻴﺘﻜﻟا اﺬﻫ صﻮﺼﺨﺑ

ﻊﻴﻤﺟ ﰲ ﺔ

ﻴﻤﺤﻣو ،ﺔﻴﺑوروﻷا لوﺪﻟا ﺔﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ ةدﺪﺤﳌا ﺲﻴﻳﺎﻘﳌا ﺐﺴﺣ ﺔﻋﻮﻨﺼﻣ ةﺰﻬﺟﻷا نأ ﻦﻣ ﻢﻏﺮﻟا ﲆﻋ

يﺬﻟا ضﺮﻐﻠﻟ ﻂﻘﻓ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا لﻌﺘﺳاو صﺮﺤﺑ تﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟا هﺬﻫ ةءاﺮﻗ ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺮﻄﺨﻠﻟ رﺪﺼﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺗ نأ ﻦﻜﻤﻣ ﻲﺘﻟا ءاﺰﺟﻷا

هﺬﻫ ﻖﻓرأ .ﺔﺟﺎﺤﻟا ﺪﻨﻋو ﻞﺒﻘﺘﺴﳌا ﰲ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ عﻼﻃﻼﻟ ﺐ

ﻴﺘﻜﻟا اﺬﻬﺑ ﻆﻔﺘﺣا .راﴐﻷاو ثداﻮﺤﻟا عﻮﻗو ﻊﻨﳌ ،ﻪﻠﺟأ ﻦﻣ ﻊﻨﺻ

.ﻐﻠﻟ ﻪﺋاﺪﻫإ وأ ﻪﻌﻴﺑ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﰲ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻊﻣ تﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟا

:ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟا زﻮﻣﺮﻟﺎﺑ ةﺰﻴﻤﻣ ،ﺐ

ﻴﺘﻜﻟا اﺬﻫ ﰲ ةدراﻮﻟا تﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌا

لﺎﻔﻃﻷا ﲆﻋ ﺮﻄﺧ

قاﱰﺣﻻﺎﺑ ﻖﻠﻌﺘﺗ تﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺗ

ءﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺐﺒﺴﺑ ﺮﻄﺧ ﺔﻳدﺎﻣ راﴐأ – تﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺗ

ىﺮﺧأ بﺎﺒﺳﻷ ﻒﻠﺘﻠﻟ ضﺮﻌﺘﻟا رﺎﻄﺧأ

دﻮﺼﻘﳌا ماﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻا

.ﻮﻨﻴﺸﺗﻮ

ﺒﻜﻟاو ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا داﺪﻋإ ﻞﺟأ ﻦﻣ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا لﻌﺘﺳا ﻚﻨﻜ

.ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻨﺻ وأ ﺔﻳرﺎﺠﺗ ضاﺮﻏﻷ ﻪﻟﻌﺘﺳا مﺪﻋ ﺐﺠﻳ ﱄﺎﺘﻟﺎﺑو ،ﱄﺰﻨﳌا لﻌﺘﺳﻼﻟ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻢﻤﺼﻣ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا اﺬﻫ

ضاﺮﻏﻷ وأ ﺊﻃﺎﺧ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا لﻌﺘﺳا ﻦﻋ ﺔﺠﺗﺎﻨﻟا راﴐﻷا ﻦﻣ عﻮﻧ يأ ﻦﻋ ﺔﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ يأ ﺔﻌﻨﺼﳌا ﺔﻛﴩﻟا ﻞﻤﺤﺘﺗ ﻻ

ةدﺎﻬﺷ لﺎﻄﺑإ ﱃإ زﺎﻬﺠﻠﻟ ﻖﺋﻻ ﻐﻟا لﻌﺘﺳﻻا يدﺆﻳ ،ﻚﻟذ ﲆﻋ ةدﺎﻳز .ﺎﻬﻠﺟأ ﻦﻣ ﻊﻨﺻ ﻲﺘﻟا ضاﺮﻏﻷا ﻦﻋ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ

.ﺎﻬﺘﻐﻴﺻ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﻬﻣ ،نﻀﻟا

ﺔﺎﻘﻟا رﺎﻄﺧﻷا

ﴍﺎﺒﳌا ﻖﻓﺪﺘﻟا ﻦﻣ مﺪﺨﺘﺴﳌا ﺔﻳﺣ ﻦﻣ ،ةﴩﻨﻟا هﺬﻫ عﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﻳ يﺬﻟا زﺎﻬﺠﻟا اﺬﻬﻟ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺸﻧﻹا تﺎﻔﺻاﻮﳌا ﺢﻤﺴﺗ ﻻ

.ﻦﺧﺎﺴﻟا ءﺎﳌا وأ رﺎﺨﺒﻠﻟ

!ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ

ﻂﻘﻓ ءﺎﳌا وأ رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻪﻨﻣ جﺮﺨﻳ يﺬﻟا بﻮﺒﻧﻷا ﺾﺒﻗا .ﻐﻟا هﺎﺠﺗﺎﺑ ﻖﻓﺪﺘﳌا ءﺎﳌاو رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻪ

ﺟﻮﺗ ﻻ -قاﱰﺣﻻا ﺮﻄﺧ

.ﻚﻴﺘﺳﻼﺒﻟا ﻦﻣ عﻮﻨﺼﳌا ءﺰﺠﻟا ﲆﻋ

.ﺔﻴﺋاﺬﻐﻟا داﻮﳌا ﻆﻔﺤﻟ ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ داﻮﻣ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻋﻮﻨﺼﻣ ﺔﻴﻋوأ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻞﻤﻌﺘﺳا

نﺎﻣﻷا تﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺗ

.لﻌﺘﺳﻻا ﻞﺒﻗ تﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟا صﺮﺤﺑ أﺮﻗا

ͧͅbez`2k˯z`pz8zrz`2kezʓ_˴M4ʘb le1p!`.ogf<΃

ىﺮﺧﻷا ﺔﻴﻨﻬﳌا تﺎﺌﻴﺒﻟاو ﺐﺗﺎﻜﳌاو ﺔﻳرﺎﺠﺘﻟا تﻼﺤﳌا ﻲﻔﻇﻮﳌ ﺔﺼﺼﺨﳌا ﻲﻬﻄﻟا ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ ﰲ -

عراﺰﳌا -

.(فﻮﻴﻀﻟا ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻤﻌﺘﺴﺗ) ىﺮﺧأ ﺔﻴﻨﻜﺳ تﺎﺒﻴﻛﺮﺗو "ﺖﺳﺎﻔﻜﻳﺮﺑ ﺪﻧأ ﺪﻴﺑ"و لﺰﻨﻟاو قدﺎﻨﻔﻟاو -

lLUa)e?0PʜrD(b]91p!`_˴M4lL!k`/ʌʜlLz`s5exMk=˯\ʁ`bf%ʘ΃

.ﺐﻴﺘﻜﻟا اﺬﻫ ﰲ ﺔﻨﻴﺒﳌا ضاﺮﻏﻷا

˼P+sɬ"k˯VzaQlL"k`EM`lfAʘzj!˯jz=`iʜͅza<ʜVzaQ`+sɬGU$ʘ&=k

y΃

.ﺺ

ﺧﺮﳌا ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺼﻟا ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﱃإ ﻪﻠﻘﻧ ءﺎﻨﺛأ ﺔﻘﺋﻻ

لﺎﻔﻃﻷا ﲆﻋ ﺮﻄﺧ

ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻳﺰﻴﻔﻟا ﻢﻫاﻮﻗ ﻞﻣﺎﻛ نﻮﻜﻠ ﻻ صﺎﺨﺷأ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ وأ تاﻮﻨﺳ 8lLgo/˴L,y2_UDbXle1p!`.o_˴M4l]˽΃

ﺺﺨﺸﻟا ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ ﻢﻬﻴﻠﻋ فاﴍﻹا ﻢﺗ اذإ ﻂﻘﻓ ،زﺎﻬﺠﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻓﺮﻌﻣ وأ ةﱪﺧ ﻢﻬﻳﺪﻟ ﺲﻴﻟ ﻦﻳﺬﻟا صﺎﺨﺷﻷا وأ ﺔﻴﻠﻘﻌﻟاو ﺔﻴ

ﺴﺤﻟاو

105

.زﺎﻬﺠﻟا لﻌﺘﺳا ءﺎﻨﺛأ ﺔﺎﻘﻟا رﺎﻄﺧﻷا ﲆﻋ ﻢﻬﻋﻼﻃاو ﻦﻣآ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا لﻌﺘﺳا ﲆﻋ ﻢﻬﺒﻳرﺪﺗ ﻢﺗ اذإ وأ ﻢﻬﻨﻋ لوﺆﺴﳌا

ͨ1p!`Ma`_UDʝ`#˴5`c,L!y΃

ͨR`>)8bXlegpX0ergpzaLSʀʞir+_UDʜpcsYyʘi!yͅjz=`rVzIk`zafL΃

ͨgpzaL0E(/,=eb]9pjʜͅ_UDʜ_rkeʓVzaQ`+se[ɰʘ΃

ͨz0p]`y.Q`b\>X_ʙ(leq`˴M4Nke˱LbfM`!yͅɪpjb]91p!`.ole>a)`,kL΃

.ﻪﺑ ﺐﻌﻠﻟا ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﰲ لﺎﻔﻃﻷا ﲆﻋ ﺮﻄﺧ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻦﻣ ءاﺰﺟأ ﺾﻌﺑ ﻞﻜﺸﺗ ﻻ ﺚﻴﺤﺑ ،ﺔﻣزﻼﻟا ﺑاﺪﺘﻟا ذﺎﺨﺗا ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﻚﻟذ ﲆﻋ ةدﺎﻳز

ͨ0E)`˰gp5Ujis@0Myrͧ1p!`sMayileTs(ͅ_UDʜ40$x/rʍ`le΃

ءﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺐﺒﺴﺑ ﺮﻄﺧ

.تاﻮﻨﺳ 8lLgo/˴LbYly.`_UDʜ_rkelL,zMz0p]`y.Q`b\JU$΃

kz\˯bU4o,!{`esaM˯XE˱Lkz˯

zEaU`ileZY%ͅz0p]`]9`1p!`bz<sbX΃

.ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺔﻜﺒﺸﻟا ﺔ

ﻴﻄﻠﻔﻟ ﺔﻘﺑﺎﻄﻣ

ͨ+s$r/ʌKsXr˰x+yil]feͅMj=`\ʁ`bXle=(

0e˼Q`z0p]`ʙ<s`_˴M4΃

ͨ˯i2)`MbXz0p]`]9`lL1p!`b=T΃

_s$ʜNzf ʓrzkU`jz=`2\0ebXlerNj=`bXleq`,4!yͅɪ0p]`b]`Va`$ʓ΃

.ﺮﻄﺧ يأ عﻮﻗو ﳾﻼﺘﻟ ،ﻞﺛﻣ ﺺﺨﺷ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ

ͪ3ɱbELr,$˰^`-x+yil]˽ͧ˴a`0p]`js%9˯2 ʜ5eʙec,L!y΃

ͨjz<rVzIkzafLxczY`,kLͅɪ0p]`.(˯le6Y`%4΃

ͨt0(bs4ʓr˯ʓ1p!`6EQʘ΃

ͨ˯i

2)`M,`bXɪ0p]`.(˯lL6Y`b=Tgͅɧ+1p!`UD΃

ىﺮﺧأ بﺎﺒﺳﻷ ﻒﻠﺘﻠﻟ ضﺮﻌﺘﻟا رﺎﻄﺧأ

ͨqf5 le1p!`^5ebͅ?s%`r˯i2(E4sq]5e_ʙ(le1p!`NT0ʘ΃

ͨɪ0p]`.(˯˰_s<s`bp5`leis]yz%rͅVzIjrʓ]`/,Y`Aei]e/(΃

ͨ˯le,1zf\i2)`ʓNAʘ΃

ͨz0p]`]9`qa<rkX0eir,1p!`[ɰʘ΃

ͨ$0`r_˴M4ʘk0Y5e&E4˱L1p!`N@r!y΃

bfM5ʘͨqke˯

ɻrqzaLVaeʙL/spHr?/ʜ˱LqDsY4`$ʓ1p!`_˴M4c,L!y΃

،حﻼﺻﻹا تﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻊﻴﻤﺟ .بﻮﻄﻌﻣ ﻪﺴﻔﻧ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا نأ ﺒﺗ اذإ وأ ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺬﺧﺄﳌا وأ ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﻞﺒﻜﻟا ﻒﻠﺗ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﰲ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا

ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ وأ Ariete ﺔﻛﴩﻟ ﻊﺑﺎﺘﻟا تﺎﻣﺪﺨﻟا ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻢﺘﺗ نأ ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺔﻳﺬﻐﺘﻟا ﻞﺒﻛ لاﺪﺒﺘﺳا ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺎ

.ﺮﻄﺧ يأ عﻮﻗو ﳾﻼﺘﻟ ،Ariete ﺔﻛﴍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ ﻟﻮﺨﻣ ءاﱪﺧ

قاﱰﺣﻻﺎﺑ ﻖﻠﻌﺘﺗ تﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺗ

0E(ͧ/.%l(5`˯Ϳ/)`sjbfM4ͦ^f5 le2 m!ZT,˯l(5`˯r/)`q

sʘ΃

!قاﱰﺣﻻا

ͨWɰ$ʘleTs(ͅ1p!`bfLkz /)`zj,M˯2 ʜ6˯c,L!y΃

iʜͅFɰaU`be$b=Tr,Mͅ`%`m.oʓͨɰaT+,4˰ɰaU`be$le˯r0(c,L+sMyil]˽΃

ةﺮﻘﻔﻟا ﰲ ﺒﻣ ﻮﻫ ﺎﻣ ﺐﺴﺣ ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﺑ أﺪﺑا ،ﻚﻟذ ﺪﻨﻋ .ءﺎﳌا ﻖﻓﺪﺗ وأ شر ﱃإ يدﺆﻳ نأ ﻦﻜ ﺪﺋاﺰﻟا ﻂﻐﻀﻟا

.ضﺮﻐﻟا اﺬﻬﻟ ةدﺪﺤﳌا

ﺔﻳدﺎﻣ راﴐأ – تﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺗ

ͨpʙYjc,LlfAyb]9rͅ&E4˱Lkz\˯N@΃

ͨ`%`m.oʓWɰ%)A˯iʜͅeir,kz\˯bfM5ʘ΃

106

ͨizaQ`ɬrl(5`˯i2)`ʝɱʘ΃

ͨkz\˯g5 Vale

Ts(pa`le0Y`r, l(4&E4˱Lkz\˯NAʘ΃

ͨkz\˯le/%`2 ʝ`ɪ0p]`b]`6eʙec,L!y΃

ͨ͸ljs0]`,z5\˻pz`SAe͹y1PmzebfM5ʘ΃

ͨ1p!`ʓ˼\/ʌ^`-Z%ayil]˽ͨjs%E˯spY`lLVa)ʆkLɰaU`ʓNAʘ΃

s$FYTN@bspY`Lrb(+js%EespX

YaEeNAʘr1p!`bfLkspY`l%D /+FAʘ΃

.ﻢﻏ 500 ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا بﻮﺒﺣ ءﺎﻋﻮﻟ ىﻮﺼﻘﻟا ﺔﻌﺴﻟا لدﺎﻌﺗ .ةﻮﻬﻗ

.راﴐأ ﺐ

ﺒﺴﻳو ﺪ

ﻤﺠﺘﻳ نأ ﻦﻜ ﺔﻳّﻼﻐﻟا ﰲ ﻲ

ﻘﺒﺘﳌا ءﺎﳌا نﻷ ،ﺔﻳﻮﺌﻣ ﺔﺟرد 0lLɇbY/0$ /+bHʓkz\˯[ɰʘ΃

ͨZaE`sp`ʓkz\˯bfM5ʘ΃

ͨ͸ͨͨͨo˼Pr6f9`r0E˯͹y

s!`besMa`?

0Me1p!`[ɰʘ΃

%5feE4sFYT1p!`VzIk!yͅk(5`2 ʜ+ɫi,Mrͅɪ0p]`.(˯lL6Y`b=T,M΃

ﺎﻘﻠﻄﻣ ﻞﻤﻌﺘﺴﺗ ﻻ)

رﺎﺿ ﻏو ﺪﻳﺎﺤﻣ ﻒ

ﻈﻨﻣ ﻦﻣ تاﺮﻄﻘﻟا ﺾﻌﺑ ﺔﻓﺎﺿإ ﻊﻣ ،ﻒﻴﻔﺧ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ءﺎﳌﺎﺑ ﺔﺒﻃﺮﻣو ﺔّﻛﺎﺣ ﻏ

.(ﻚﻴﺘﺳﻼﺒﻟا ﻒﻠﺗ ﱃإ يدﺆﺗ تﺎﺒﻳﺬﻣ

˴zaM`m.pɧ+JU$΃

تﺎﺒﻛﺮﳌا تﺎﻔﺻاﻮﻣ

ءﺎﻣ ناﺰﺧ - A

رﺎﺨﺒﻟا بﻮﺒﻧأ - B

رﺎﺨﺒﻟا مﺻ - C

ةﻮﻬﻗ ﱰﻠﻓ - D

ةر ﺎ

ﻄﻗ - E

ﱰﻠﻓ ﻞﻣﺎﺣ - F

ﻂﻐﺿ ةادأ - G

ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺘﻠﻟ سﻮ

ﺑد - H

ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺔﻳﺬﻐﺘﻟا ﻞﺒﻛ - I

ﺟﺎﻨﻔﻟا دﺎﻨﺳﻹ ﺔﻜﺒﺷ - J

تاﺮﻄﻘﻟا ﻊﻴﻤﺠﺗ ضﻮﺣ - K

ةﻮﻬﻗ ﺔﻧﻮﺣﺎﻃ - L

ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا بﻮﺒﺣ ءﺎﻋو - M

ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا بﻮﺒﺣ ءﺎﻋو ءﺎﻄﻏ - N

ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا بﻮﺒﺣ ءﺎﻋو قﺎﺘﻋإ عارذ - O

ناﺰﺨﻟا ءﺎﻄﻏ - P

ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ

رز - Q

 

ﺔﻴﺋﻮﺿ ةرﺎﺷإ ﻊﻣ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ

رز - R

 

ﺔﻴﺋﻮﺿ ةرﺎﺷإ ﻊﻣ لﺎﻌﺷﻹا

رز - S

 

ﺔﻴﺋﻮﺿ ةرﺎﺷإ ﻊﻣ رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﺔﻔﻴﻇو

رز - T

ﺔﻴﻨﻓ تﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ

:ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻟا تﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌا ﲆﻋ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ةﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻞﻔﺳأ ةﺪﺟاﻮﺘﳌا تﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌا ﺔﺣﻮﻟ يﻮﺘﺤﺗ

CEeʙM`rNj=` ΃

(.Mod͹by+s˯ ΃

(SN͹Lsf!˯gX/ ΃

͸6˼o͹++ɰ`r͸`sT͹z0p]`y.Q`

zEaT ΃

͸Cr͹

=f˯z0p]`/,Y` ΃

jz=`ryL0`g5XVogX/ ΃

.زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻢﻗرو ﻞﻳدﻮﳌا ﺮﻛذ ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺼﻟاو ﺔﻳﺎﻋﺮﻟا ﺰﻛﺮ لﺎﺼﺗﻻا ﺪﻨﻋ

107

لﻌﺘﺳﻻا تﻴﻠﻌﺗ

ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺗ

.تﺎ

ﺒﻛﺮﳌا ﻊﻴﻤﺟ دﻮﺟو ﻦﻣ ﻖﻘﺤﺗو ﻒﻴﻠﻐﺘﻟا داﻮﻣ ﺪﻌﺑأ

ﺮﻘﺘﺴﻣو

ﻮﺘﺴﻣ ﺢﻄﺳ ﲆﻋ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻊﺿ

ةﺎﻋاﺮﻣ ﻊﻣ ،جزﺎﻄﻟا ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻄﻟا ءﺎﳌﺎﺑ ﻪﺌﻠﻣأ ﻢﺛ ،ةﺮﻣ لوﻷ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا لﻌﺘﺳا ﺪﻨﻋ ناﺰﺨﻟا ﻞﺴﻏ .زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻦﻋ ءﺎﳌا نا

ﺰﺧ ﺪﻌﺑأ

.ﺔﻳﺎﻬﻨﻟا ﻰﺘﺣ اﺪﻴﺟ ناﺰﺨﻟا ﻂﻐﺿا ،ﺢﻴﺤﺻ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻞﻤﻋ ﻦﻤﻀﺗ ﻟ .(5 ﻞﻜﺷ) ﺢﻴﺤﺼﻟا ﻞﻜﺸﻟﺎﺑ ﻪﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﰲ ﻪﻟﺎﺧدإ

ﻊﻓﺮﺑ مﻮﻘﺗ نأ ﺪﻌﺑو ضﺮﻐﻟا اﺬﻬﻟ صﺎﺨﻟا ﺰ

ﻴﺤﻟا ﰲ ءﺎﳌا ﺐﻜﺳ لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﻚﻟذو ،ﲆﻋﻷا ﻦﻣ ﻰﺘﺣ ناﺰﺨﻟا ﺊﻠﻣ ﻦﻜ

.(6 ﻞﻜﺷ) ءﺎﻄﻐﻟا

.ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ءﺎﻋو ءﺎﻄﻏو (D) ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﺴﻏا

ةﺮﻣ لوﻷ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺗ

.زﺎﻬﺠﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻨّﻔﻟا تﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌا ﺔﺣﻮﻟ ﲆﻋ ﺔﻨﻴﺒﳌا ﺔ

ﻴﻄﻠﻔﻠﻟ ﺔﻳوﺎﺴﻣ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺔﻜﺒﺸﻟا ﺔ

ﻴﻄﻠﻓ نأ ﻦﻣ ﻖﻘﺤﺗ

.ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺬﺧﺄﳌا ﰲ ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟا ﻞﺧدأ

ﻦﻣ نﺎﺠﻨﻓ جاﺮﺧﺈﺑ ﺢﺼﻨﻳ ،ﻞﻤﻌﻟا ﻦﻋ ﻒﻗﻮﺘﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺔﻠﻳﻮﻃ ةﱰﻓ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻪﻟﻌﺘﺳا ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﰲ وأ ة

ﺮﻣ لوﻷ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا لﺎﻌﺷإ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﰲ

.ﻪﺴﻔﻧ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻚﺒﺷ ءﺎﻨﺛأو ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻚﺒﺷ

ﺮﻘﻣ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻗﻷا ﲆﻋ ءﺎﳌا

.ﱰﻠﻓ يأ لﺎﺧدإ نوﺪﺑ ه

ﺮﻘﻣ ﰲ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻚﺒﺷا

رﺰﻟ ﺔﻴﺋﻮﻀﻟا ةرﺎﺷﻹا ﻞﻌﺸﺗ ،ﻖﺋﺎﻗد ﻊﻀﺑ ﺪﻌﺑ .ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ

رﺰﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺋﻮﻀﻟا ةرﺎﺷﻹا ﻞﻌﺸﺗ .

 

لﺎﻌﺷﻹا

رز ﲆﻋ ﻂﻐﺿا

.ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺘﻟ ةﺰﻫﺎﺟ ﺔﻴﻠﺧاﺪﻟا ﺔﻳّﻼﻐﻟا نأ ﲆﻋ

لﺪﻳ ﻣ ،ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ

 

ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ

.(8 ﻞﻜﺷ) رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ بﻮﺒﻧأ ﺖﺤﺗو (7 ﻞﻜﺷ) ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﺖﺤﺗ ءﺎﻋو ﻊﺿ

.(10 ﻞﻜﺷ) (Q) رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ

رز ﲆﻋ ﻂﻐﻀﻟﺎﺑ ﺮﻤﺘﺳاو (9 ﻞﻜﺷ) ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ

رز ﲆﻋ ﻂﻐﺿا

ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻦﻣ جوﺮﺨﻟﺎﺑ ءﺎﳌا أﺪﺒﻳ .(Q) رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ

رز ﻲﺧرأ ﻚﻟذ ﺪﻌﺑ ،رﺎﺨﺒﻟا بﻮﺒﻧأ ﻦﻣ جﺮﺨﻳ ءﺎﳌا ىﺮﺗ نأ ﺣ ﱃإ ﺮﻈﺘﻧا

(9 ﻞﻜﺷ) ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ

رز ﲆﻋ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻦﻣ ﻂﻐﺿا ،ﻚﻟذ ﺪﻨﻋ :(F) ﱰﻠﻔﻟا

.ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا داﺪﻋﻹ ﺰﻫﺎﺟ نﻵا زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﺢﺒﺻأ

.ﻞﻤﻌﻟا ﻦﻋ ﺎﻬﻔﻗﻮﺗ ﻦﻣ مﺎﻳأ ةﺪﻋ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا لﺎﻌﺷإ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻢﺘﻳ ةﺮﻣ ﻞﻛ ﰲ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا هﺬﻫ ﺮﻳﺮﻜﺘﺑ ﺢﺼﻨﻳ

ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا داﺪﻋإ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻃ

(F) ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﰲ ﻞﺧدأ .ه

ﺮﻘﻣ ﰲ ﺢﻴﺤﺻ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﻞﺧﺪﻣ ناﺰﺨﻟا نأ ﻦﻣ ﻖﻘﺤﺗ .(A) ناﺰﺨﻟا ﰲ ءﺎﳌا ىﻮﺘﺴﻣ ﺺﺤﻓا

.(D) ﱰﻠﻔﻟا

ءﺎﻋو ءﺎﻄﻏ ﻖﻠﻏ ﺐﺠﻳ .ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا بﻮﺒﺣ ﻦﻣ ةﺪﺋاز ﺔﻴﻤﻛ ﻊﻀﺗ ﻻ .

(11 ﻞﻜﺷ) ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ءﺎﻋو ﻞﺧاد ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا بﻮﺒﺣ ﻊﺿ

.ءﺎﻋﻮﻟا ﲆﻋ ﺪﻴﺟ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا

.ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﻣ جزﺎﻃ ﺞﻳﺰﻣ ﲆﻋ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻄﻟا هﺬﻬﺑ ﻞﺼﺤﺗ ،ة

ﺮﻣ ﻞﻛ ﰲ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا بﻮﺒﺣ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻠﻴﻠﻗ ﺔﻴﻤﻛ ﺖﻔﺿأ اذإ

.(M) ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا بﻮﺒﺣ ءﺎﻋو ﻞﺧاد ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﻣ ةﻮﻬﻗ

ﺎﻘﻠﻄﻣ ﻊﻀﺗ ﻻ

ﻦﺤﻄﻟا ﺔﺟرد ﻂﺒﺿ

.ﺔﺑﻮﻠﻄﳌا ﻦﺤﻄﻟا ﺔﺟرد ﺐﺴﺣ ﻚﻟذو ،ﻢﻋﺎﻧ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺎﻣ ﺎﻋﻮﻧ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﺤﻃ ﻦﻜ

ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﳌا ﺔﻬﻜﻨﻟا ﺪﺠﺗ ﻟ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﻟا اﺬﻫ ﻴﻐﺗ ﻚﻨﻜ .ﻢﻳﺮﻜﻟا ﺔﻴﻋﻮﻧ ﲆﻋو ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻬﻜﻧ ةﻮﻗ ﲆﻋ ﻦﺤﻄﻟا ﺔﺟرد ﺮﺛﺆﺗ

.ﻚﺗﻮﻬﻘﻟ

ةﻐﺼﻟا مﺎﻗرﻷا .ﻦﺸﺨﻟا ﻦﺤﻄﻟا ﻊﻣ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﺘﺗ ﺒﻜﻟا مﺎﻗرﻷا .8 ﱃإ 1 ﻦﻣ سﺎﻴﻘﻣ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا بﻮﺒﺣ ءﺎﻋو ﲆﻋ ﺪﺟاﻮﺘﻳ

ﺪﺠﺗ ﻟ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﺤﻃ ﺔﺟرد ﻏ ،ﻚﻟذ ﺪﻌﺑ .3 ﻦﺤﻃ ﺔﺟرﺪﺑ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﻣ نﺎﺠﻨﻓ داﺪﻋإ ب

ﺮﺟ .ﻢﻋﺎﻨﻟا ﻦﺤﻄﻟا ﻊﻣ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﺘﺗ

.ﻚﺒﺳﺎﻨﺗ ﻲﺘﻟا ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻬﻜﻧ

108

ءﺎﻋو

ﻒﻟ .ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا بﻮﺒﺣ ءﺎﻋو (O) قﺎﺘﻋإ عارذ ﻞﻔﺳﻷا هﺎﺠﺗﺎﺑ ﻂﻐﺿا (ﺔﻨﺸﺧ مأ ﺔﻤﻋﺎﻧ) ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﺤﻃ ﺔﺟرد ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺘﻟ

ةﻮﻬﻗ ﲆﻋ لﻮﺼﺤﻟا تدرأ اذإ ﺔﻋﺎﺴﻟا هﺎﺠﺗا ﺲﻜﻌﺑ وأ ﺔﻤﻋﺎﻧ ةﻮﻬﻗ ﲆﻋ لﻮﺼﺤﻟا تدرأ اذإ ﺔﻋﺎﺴﻟا برﺎﻘﻋ هﺎﺠﺗﺎﺑ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا

.(12 ﻞﻜﺷ) ﺔﻨﺸﺧ

!ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ

.ﻞﻤﻌﻟا ﻦﻋ ﺔﻔﻗﻮﺘﻣ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻨﺤﻄﻣ نﻮﻜﺗ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ ﻂﻘﻓ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا هﺬﻫ ﻢﺘﺗ نأ ﺐﺠﻳ

.ﺐّﻛﺮﻣ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ءﺎﻋو (N) ءﺎﻄﻏ نﻮﻜﻳ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ ﺎاد ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا ءاﺮﺟإ ﺐﺠﻳ

ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا داﺪﻋإ

.ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺬﺧﺄﳌا ﰲ ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟا ﻞﺧدأ

 

ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ

رﺰﻟ ﺔﻴﺋﻮﻀﻟا ةرﺎﺷﻹا ﻞﻌﺸﺗ .ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ

رﺰﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺋﻮﻀﻟا ةرﺎﺷﻹا ﻞﻌﺸﺗ .

 

لﺎﻌﺷﻹا

رز ﲆﻋ ﻂﻐﺿا

.ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺘﻟ ةﺰﻫﺎﺟ ﺖﺤﺒﺻأ ﺔﻴﻠﺧاﺪﻟا ﺔﻳّﻼﻐﻟا نأ ﲆﻋ لﺪﻳ ﻣ ،ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ

.(13 ﻞﻜﺷ) ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﰲ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﺧدأ

ﺔﻧﻮﺣﺎﻃ ﻞﻔﺳأ ﺪﺟاﻮﺘﳌا دﺎﻨﺴﻟا ﰲ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﺔﺤﻨﺟأ ﻞﺧدأ .(14 ﻞﻜﺷ)ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻧﻮﺣﺎﻃ ﺖﺤﺗ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻊﺿ

ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﻣ ةﻮﻬﻗ جﺮﺨﺗ ،ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻧﻮﺣﺎﻃ ﺖﺤﺗ ﺪﺟاﻮﺘﳌا دﺎﻨﺴﻟا ﺪﺿ (F) ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﲆﻋ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻂﻐﻀﺗ ة

ﺮﻣ ﻞﻛ ﰲ .ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا

.ﻢﻳﺮﻜﻟا ﺔﻴﻋﻮﻧ ﲆﻋو ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻬﻜﻧ ةﻮﻗ ﲆﻋ ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﳌا ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻴﻤﻛ ﺮﺛﺆﺗ .ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻧﻮﺣﺎﻃ ﻦﻣ

.(15 ﻞﻜﺷ) ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺲﺒﻜﻣ ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﳌا ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻂﻐﺿ ﺐﺠﻳ

.ﻪﺑ صﺎﺨﻟا ﺮﻘﳌا ﰲ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻚﺒﺷا

!ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ

.(16 ﻞﻜﺷ) ﺔﺸﻨﻠﻔﻟا ﲆﻋ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﻟا ﻞﻜﺸﻟﺎﺑ ﻪﻜﺒﺷ ﻦﻣ ﻖﻘﺤﺘﻟا ﻊﻣ ،ﺪﻴﺟ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ

ﺪﺷ

وأ/و ،ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ

ﻒﻟ ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟا هﺬﻫ ﰲ ﺐﻌﺼﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺢﺒﺼﻳ ،ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﺧاد ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﻣ ةﺪﺋاز ﺔﻴﻤﻛ ﻊﺿو ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﰲ

.ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻦﻣ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﻣ ﻞﻴﻠﻗ ب

ﴪﺘﻳ نأ ﻦﻜ ،ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ ءﺎﻨﺛأ

ﻞﻜﺸﻟا اﺬﻬﺑ لﻮﺼﺤﻟا ﻢﺘﻳ ﻟ ،ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا داﺪﻋﺈﺑ ءﺪﺒﻟا ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﺨﺴﻳ نأ ﺣ ﱃإ ﻖﺋﺎﻗد ﻊﻀﺒﻟ هﺮﻘﻣ ﰲ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ كﱰﺑ ﺢﺼﻨﻳ

.ﺔﻘﺣﻼﻟا ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺟﺎﻨﻓ داﺪﻋإ ﺪﻨﻋ ﻚﻟذ ﱃإ جﺎﺘﺤﺗ ﻻ .ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﻣ نﺎﺠﻨﻓ لوأ داﺪﻋإ ﺪﻨﻋ ﻰﺘﺣ ﺔﻨﺧﺎﺳ ةﻮﻬﻗ ﲆﻋ

ةراﺮﺤﻟا ﺔﺟرد ﱃإ ﻞﺻو زﺎﻬﺠﻟا نأ ﲆﻋ ﻚﻟذ

لﺪﻳ ،ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ

 

ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺘﻟ ﺔﻴﺋﻮﻀﻟا ةرﺎﺷﻹا ﻞﻌﺸﺗ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ

.لﻌﺘﺳﻼﻟ ﺰﻫﺎﺟ ﺢﺒﺻأو ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﳌا

.(17-18 ﻞﻜﺷ) ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺘﺑ أﺪﺒﺗ ﻟ

 

ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ

رز ﲆﻋ ﻂﻐﺿا

.ﺾﻴﻣو

 

ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ

رﺰﻟ ﺔﻴﺋﻮﻀﻟا ةرﺎﺷﻹا رﺪﺼﺗ ،ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ ءﺎﻨﺛأ

 

ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ

رز ﲆﻋ ﻂﻐﺿا ،ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ فﺎﻘﻳﻹ

!ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ

.طﻮﻐﻀﻣ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ

رز نﻮﻜﻳ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﺪﻌﺒﺗ ﻻ ،ﺔ

ﻴﻨﻬﳌا ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا تﺎﻨﻴﻛﺎﻣ راﺮﻏ ﲆﻋ

!ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ

ءﻂﺒﺑ ﻪّﻔﻟ ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ دﺎﻌﺑﻹ ;ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﺐﺤﺳ ﻞﺒﻗ اﻮﺛ ةﴩﻋ ﺮﻈﺘﻧا ،ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا داﺪﻋإ ﻦﻣ ءﺎﻬﺘﻧﻻا ﺪﻨﻋ

.ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا وأ ءﺎﳌا شر ﻦﻣ ﺎﻓﻮﺧ رﺎﺴﻴﻟا ﻮﺤﻧ ﻤﻴﻟا ﻦﻣ

.ﺔﻴﻌﻴﺒﻃ ةﺮﻫﺎﻈﻟا هﺬﻫ رﺎﺒﺘﻋاو ﻖﻠﻘﻟا مﺪﻋ ﺐﺠﻴﻓ ،ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻦﻣ رﺎﻈﺘﻧﻻا ﺔﻠﺣﺮﻣ ءﺎﻨﺛأ رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻦﻣ ﻞﻴﻠﻗ جﺮﺧ اذإ

ﱰﻠﻔﻟا دﺎﻌﺑإ

.ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﺐﺤﺳا .(19 ﻞﻜﺷ) ﺔﻋﺎﺴﻟا برﺎﻘﻋ هﺎﺠﺗا ﺲﻜﻌﺑ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا

ﻒﻟ ،ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻦﻣ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا دﺎﻌﺑﻹ

109

اﺬﻟا ءﺎﻔﻃﻹا ﺔﻔﻴﻇو

.ﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟا كﻼﻬﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌا ةﺪﻳﺪﺠﻟا ﻢﻈﻨﻟا ماﱰﺣا ﲆﻋ ﻞﻤﻌﻟا ﻦﻤﺿ ،ﻴﺗﺎﻣﻮﺗوأ ءﺎﻔﻃإ مﺎﻈﻨﺑ ةدوﺰﻣ ،هﺬﻫ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﻣ

نﺎﺠﻨﻓ داﺪﻋﻹ .اﺬﻟا ءﺎﻔﻃﻹا ﺔﻔﻴﻇو ﻞﻴﻌﻔﺗ ﻢﺘﻳ

ﺎﺒﻳﺮﻘﺗ ﺔﻘﻴﻗد 30 ﺪﻌﺑ ،ﺎﻬﻣاﺪﺨﺘﺳا ﻢﺘﻳ ﻻو ﺔﻠﻌﺸﻣ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﺖﻧﺎﻛ اذإ

ﻞﻌﺸﺗ نأ ﺣ ﱃإ ﺮﻈﺘﻧا .

 

لﺎﻌﺷﻹا

رز ﲆﻋ ﻂﻐﻀﻟا لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا لﺎﻌﺷإ ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻦﻣ ةﻮﻬﻗ

.ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ

 

ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺘﻟ ﺔﻴﺋﻮﻀﻟا ةرﺎﺷﻹا

لﻌﺘﺳﻻا ءﺎﻨﺛأ ءﺎﳌﺎﺑ ناﺰﺨﻟا ﺊﻠﻣ

.يﻮﻗ ﺞﻴﺠﻀﺑو زاﺰﺘﻫﺎﺑ سﺎﺴﺣﻹا ﻢﺘﻳ ،ءﺎﻣ نوﺪﺑ ناﺰﺨﻟا ﻲﻘﺑ اذإ .ناﺰﺨﻟا ﻞﺧاد ﺎاد ءﺎﳌا ىﻮﺘﺴﻣ ﺔﺒﻗاﺮ ﺢﺼﻨﻳ

.زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻞﻌﺷأ ﻢﺛ ،ﺒﳌا ىﻮﺘﺴﳌا ﺔﻳﺎﻏ ﱃإ ناﺰﺨﻟا ﻸﻣا .ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺬﺧﺄﳌا ﻦﻋ ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟا ﻞﺼﻓا ﻢﺛ ،زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﺄﻔﻃأ

ﻮﻨﻴﺸﺗﻮ

ﺒﻜﻟا داﺪﻋإ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻃ

.ه

ﺮﻘﻣ ﻦﻣ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ قﺎﺘﻋإ ﻦﻣ ﻖ

ﻘﺤﺗ ،رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﺔﻔﻴﻇﻮﻟ رﺎﺨﺒﻟا بﻮﺒﻧأ لﻌﺘﺳا ﻞﺒﻗ .ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا

ﴬﺣ

رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﺔﻔﻴﻇو

رز ﲆﻋ ﻂﻐﺿا ،ﺮﺧآ بوﴩﻣ يأ ﺨﺴﺘﻟ ﻂﻘﻓ وأ ﺔﻨﺧﺎﺴﻟا ﺔﺗﻻﻮﻛﻮﺸﻟا وأ ﻮﻨﻴﺸﺗﻮ

ﺒﻜﻟا ﻦﻣ نﺎﺠﻨﻓ داﺪﻋﻹ

ﺔﻴﻠﺧاﺪﻟا ﺔﻳّﻼﻐﻟا نأ ﲆﻋ لﺪﻳ ﻣ ،ﺾﻴﻣﻮﻟﺎﺑ رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﺔﻔﻴﻇو

رز أﺪﺒﻳ .(20 ﻞﻜﺷ) رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﺔﻔﻴﻇو ﻞﻴﻌﻔﺗ ﻞﺟأ ﻦﻣ (

)

.ﺨﺴﺘﻟﺎﺑ تأﺪﺑ

(21 ﻞﻜﺷ) ﻪﻨﻴﺨﺴﺗ بﻮﻠﻄﳌا ﺐﻴﻠﺤﻟا ءﺎﻋو ﻞﺧاد رﺎﺨﺒﻟا بﻮﺒﻧأ ﻊﺿ

!ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ

.طﺎ

ﻄﳌا ﻦﻣ ﺔﻋﻮﻨﺼﳌا ﺔﻬﺠﻟا ﻦﻣ ﻂﻘﻓ رﺎﺨﺒﻟا بﻮﺒﻧأ ﻚﺴﻣا .قاﱰﺣﻼﻟ ض

ﺮﻌﺘﻟا ﺮﻄﺧ

ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﺑ ءﺪﺒﻠﻟ (Q) رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ

رز ﲆﻋ ﻂﻐﺿا ،ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ

 

رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﺔﻔﻴﻇو

رﺰﻟ ﺔﻴﺋﻮﻀﻟا ةرﺎﺷﻹا ﻞﻌﺸﺗ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ

.(10 ﻞﻜﺷ) ﻊﻳزﻮﺘﻟا

ةﻮﻏر ﺪﺠﺗ ،اﻮﺛ ﻊﻀﺑ لﻼﺧ :(Q) رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ

رز ﲆﻋ ﻂﻐﺿا .ﺔﻳﺎﻬﻨﻟا ﻰﺘﺣ ﺐﻴﻠﺤﻟا ﻞﺧاد رﺎﺨﺒﻟا بﻮﺒﻧأ ﺲﻄﻏأ

.ﺪﻌﺼﺗ ﺔﻤﺳدو ﺔﻔﻴﺜﻛ

. (Q) رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ

رز ﻲﺧرأ ،ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ فﺎﻘﻳﻹ

.ﺐﻴﻠﺤﻟا ﺎﻳﺎﻘﺑ ﻦﻣ رﺎﺨﺒﻟا مﺻ ﺐﻘﺛ ر

ﺮﺤﺗ ﻟ اﻮﺛ ﻊﻀﺒﻟ رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ع

زو ،لﻌﺘﺳا ﻞﻛ ﺪﻌﺑ

ﻞﻀﻓأ ﱃإ ﻴﺗﺎﻣﻮﺗوأ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻞﻘﺘﻨﺗ .

 

رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﺔﻔﻴﻇو

رز ﲆﻋ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻦﻣ ﻂﻐﺿا ،رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﺔﻔﻴﻇو فﺎﻘﻳﻹ

.ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺘﻟ طوﴩﻟا

ةﻮﻬﻘﻠﻟ لﻌﺘﺳﻻا ةدﺎﻋإ

.ﺔﻳّﻼﻐﻟا ﺪﻳﱪﺗ ﻻوأ ﺐﺠﻳ ،ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا داﺪﻋإ ﱃإ رﺎﺨﺒﻟا جﺎﺘﻧإ ﻦﻣ لﺎﻘﺘﻧﻼﻟ

.(8 ﻞﻜﺷ) رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ بﻮﺒﻧأ ﺖﺤﺗ ءﺎﻋو ﻊﺿ

.ﺔﻳّﻼﻐﻟا دﱪﺗو ﻲ

ﻘﺒﺘﳌا رﺎﺨﺒﻟا جﺮﺨﻳ ﻟ (Q) رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ

رز ﲆﻋ ﻂﻐﻀﻟﺎﺑ ﺮﻤﺘﺳاو

 

ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ

رز ﲆﻋ ﻂﻐﺿا

. رﺎﺨﺒﻟا بﻮﺒﻧأ ﻦﻣ ءﺎﳌا جوﺮﺧ ﺪﻫﺎﺸﺗ نأ ﺣ ﱃإ ﺮﻈﺘﻧا

.ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا داﺪﻋﺈﺑ ءﺪﺒﻟا ﻞﺒﻗ ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ

 

ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ

رﺰﻟ ﺔﻴﺋﻮﻀﻟا ةرﺎﺷﻹا ﻞﻌﺸﺗ نأ ﺣ ﱃإ ﺮﻈﺘﻧا

ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻄﻳﻹا ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻄﻟا ﲆﻋ ةﺪﻴﺟ ﻮ

ﺴﻳﱪﺳإ ةﻮﻬﻗ ﲆﻋ لﻮﺼﺤﻠﻟ ﺢﺋﺎﺼﻧ

ةﻮﻗ ﲆﻋ ﺎﻬﻌﻴﻤﺟ ﺮﺛﺆﺗ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ ةﺪﻣو ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻞﺧاد ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻂﻐﺿو ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﳌا ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻴﻤﻛو ﻦﺤﻄﻟا ﺔﺟرد

ﻲﺘﻟا ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻬﻜﻧ ﺪﺠﺗ ﻟ ﺔﺛﻼﺜﻟا ﻞﻣاﻮﻌﻟا هﺬﻫ ﻦﻣ ﻛأ وأ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﻴﻐﺗ ﻚﻨﻜ .ﻢﻳﺮﻜﻟا ﺔﻴﻋﻮﻧ ﲆﻋو ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻬﻜﻧ

.ﻚﺒﺳﺎﻨﺗ

ّﻞﻗأ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻂﻐﺿو ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻞﺧاد ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﳌا ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻴﻤﻛ ةدﺎﻳز ﺮﻛﺬﺗ ،ﻢﻋﺎﻧ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﺤﻃ تﱰﺧا اذإ

ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﻣ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺖﻧﺎﻛ اذإ ،ﻚﻟذ ﻦﻣ ﺲﻜﻌﻟا ﲆﻋ .

اﺪﺟ ﺔﻔﻴﻔﺧ ةﻮﻬﻗ ﲆﻋ لﻮﺼﺤﻟا ﺐﻨﺠﺘﺗ ﻟ ،ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺲﺒﻜﻣ ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ

110

.ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺲﺒﻜﻣ ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ ﻛأ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻂﻐﺿو ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻞﺧاد ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﳌا ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻴﻤﻛ ﻞﻴﻠﻘﺗ ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﻦﺸﺧ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ

.ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﰲ ةﺪﺟاﻮﺘﳌا ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﳌا ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﲆﻋ ﻒﻴﻔﺧ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﻂﻐﻀﻟا ﺐﺠﻳ

،نﺎﻜﻣﻹﺎﺑ نﺎﻛ اذإ .لﺎﻔﻃﻷا لوﺎﻨﺘﻣ ﻦﻋ

اﺪﻴﻌﺑو درﺎﺑ نﺎﻜﻣ ﰲ ﻪﻌﺿوو ﻖﻠﻐﻣ نﺎﺒﻃﺮﻣ ﻞﺧاد ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا بﻮﺒﺣ ﻆﻔﺣ ﺐﺠﻳ

.ﻦﺤﻄﻠﻟ ﺔﺟزﺎﻃ ةﻮﻬﻗ ﻚﻳﺪﻟ ﺎاد ﺮﻓﻮﺘﻳ ﻟ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﻣ ةﻐﺻ ﺐﻠﻋ يﱰﺷا .ءاﻮﻬﻟا ﻦﻣ غ

ﺮﻔﻣ ءﺎﻋو ﰲ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻆﻔﺣا

زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺻ

ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻧﻮﺣﺎﻃ قﺎﺘﻋإ

1 راﺪﻘ ﻲﻨﻣز ﻞﺻﺎﻓ ﻊﻣ بوﺎﻨﺘﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺾﻴﻣو راﺪﺻﺈﺑ

 

لﺎﻌﺷﻹا رز أﺪﺒﻳ ،ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻧﻮﺣﺎﻃ ﻒ

ﻗﻮﺗ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﰲ

ﻒﻗﻮﺗ ﱃإ تدأ (ةﻐﺻ ةرﺎﺠﺣ وأ رﻮﺸﻗ ﻞﺜﻣ) ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا بﻮﺒﺣ ﺑ ﺐﺋاﻮﺷ دﻮﺟو ﱃإ ﺐﺒﺴﻟا ﻊﺟﺮﻳ نأ ﻦﻜ .ﺔﻴﻧﺎﺛ

.ﺔﻧﻮﺣﺎﻄﻟا

. ﺔﻴﻘﺒﺘﳌا ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﳌا ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﻣ ﱰﻠﻓ ﻞﻣﺎﺣ غ

ﺮﻓ

.ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا بﻮﺒﺣ ءﺎﻋو (O) قﺎﺘﻋإ عارذ ﻞﻔﺳﻷا هﺎﺠﺗﺎﺑ ﻂﻐﺿا

ﻂﻘﺴﺗ .(22 ﻞﻜﺷ) ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﲆﻋ ﺪﺟاﻮﺘﳌا ﺰﻣﺮﻟا ﻊﻣ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺪﺟاﻮﺘﳌا ﺰﻣﺮﻟا ﻖﺑﺎﻄﺘﻳ نأ ﺔﻳﺎﻏ ﱃإ (M) ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا بﻮﺒﺣ ءﺎﻋو

ﻒﻟ

.ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﳌا ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ىﺮﺠﻣ ﻞﺧاد ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻧﻮﺣﺎﻃ ﻒﻗﻮﺗ ﱃإ تدأ ﻲﺘﻟا ﺐﺋاﻮﺸﻟا

ﻞﻜﺷ) ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻧﻮﺣﺎﻃ ﻞﻔﺳأ ﺪﺟاﻮﺘﳌا دﺎﻨﺴﻟا ﰲ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﺔﺤﻨﺟأ ﻞﺧدأ .ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻧﻮﺣﺎﻃ ﺖﺤﺗ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻊﺿ

.ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻧﻮﺣﺎﻃ ﺖﺤﺗ ﺪﺟاﻮﺘﳌا دﺎﻨﺴﻟا ﺪﺿ (F) ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﲆﻋ ﻂﻐﺿا .(14

.ةﺪﺟاﻮﺘﳌا ﺐﺋاﻮﺸﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﳌا ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻲﻣرا .ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻞﺧاد ﻂﻘﺴﺗ ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﳌا ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا كﺮﺗا

.ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﳌا ﻦﺤﻄﻟا ﺔﺟرد ﻂﺒﺿا

.ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا داﺪﻋﺈﺑ أﺪﺑا

راﺪﺻﺈﺑ

 

رارزﻷا أﺪﺒﺗ ،ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﺘﻣ تﻻوﺎﺤﻣ ﺔﺛﻼﺛ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺔﻔ

ﻗﻮﺘﻣ ﺖﻴﻘﺑو ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻧﻮﺣﺎﻃ ﻖﻠﻄﻨﺗ  اذإ

.ﻊﻳﴎ ﺾﻴﻣو

.ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻣ ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺻ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ بﺮﻗأ ﺔﻌﺟاﺮﻣ ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟا هﺬﻫ ﰲ

زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ

!ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ

ﻞﺴﻐﺗ ﻻ .ﺔﻤﻈﺘﻨﳌا ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺼﻟاو ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟا تﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺖﻗﻮﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺔﻠﻳﻮﻃ ةﱰﻔﻟ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ةءﺎﻔﻛ ﲆﻋ ظﺎﻔﺤﻟا ﻢﺘﻳ

.ﴍﺎﺒﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﻖﻓﺪﺘﻣ ءﺎﻣ ﻞﻤﻌﺘﺴﺗ ﻻ .اوﻷا ﺔﻟﺎﺴﻏ ﻞﺧاد زﺎﻬﺠﻟا تﺎﺒﻛﺮﻣ

ﺎﻘﻠﻄﻣ

ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا قﻮﺤﺴﻣ ﲆﻋ يﻮﺘﺤﻳ يﺬﻟا ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ

ﻦﻣ ﻚﻟذو ،ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﻣ ةﻮﻬﻗ نوﺪﺑ هﺮﻘﻣ ﰲ ﻞﺧﺪﻣ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣو نﺎﻴﻠﻏ ءﺎﻣ جﺮﺧأ .ةدوﺪﺴﻣ ﻏ بﻮﻘﺜﻟا نأ ﻦﻣ ﻖﻘﺤﺗ

.ﺔﻘﻟﺎﻌﻟا ﺐﺋاﻮﺸﻟا وأ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا تﺎﺒﺳﺮﺗ دﺎﻌﺑإ وأ ﺐﻳوﺬﺗ ﻞﺟأ

!ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ

.ﻞﺋاﻮﺴﻟا ﻖﻓﺪﺗ وأ ﻖﺷر ﱃإ يدﺆﻳ نأ ﻦﻜ ﻒ

ﻠﺨﺘﳌا ﻂﻐﻀﻟا نﻷ ،ءﻂﺒﺑ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﺪﻌﺑأو ﻚﻓ

ﺐﺴﺣ ﻚﻟذو ،قﻮﺴﻟا ﰲ ةﺮ

ﻓﻮﺘﳌا ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ صاﺮﻗأ ماﺪﺨﺘﺳا لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ،رﻮﻬﺷ 3 ﻞﻛ ﺔﻳﺎﻨﻌﺑ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺘﺑ ﺢﺼﻨﻳ

:ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟا ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻄﻟا

.(ﺨﺴﺘﻟا ﻦﻣ ﻖﺋﺎﻗد 5,M͹,z b]9k(4kz\˯is]e,kL͸spXir,͹ɰaU`ʓis%=``5Q;)`bz5Q`Ws%5ele;0Xb(+ ΃

ͨɰaU`be$%LrN@gͅkz\˯ɰaU`be$^8 ΃

.ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺘﺑ ءﺪﺒﻠﻟ ( )spY`Ny1s

/1˱LFQ@ ΃

.ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌﺎﺑ ﻞﺧﺪﻣ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ كﺮﺗ ﻊﻣ ،ﻞﻗﻷا ﲆﻋ ﺔﻘﻴﻗد 15,˯q`sMUe.(y;0Y`[0gͅ˯r0(VXr ΃

.ءﺎﳌا ﻦﻣ ﻧاﺰﺧ ﺬﻔﻨﺘﺴﺗ نأ ﺔﻳﺎﻏ ﱃإ تﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا ﺪﻋأ .ﺔﻴﻧﺎﺛ 15-20,˯,\0spY`[0ͨ˯Ny1szafL,L ΃

ͨzUk%a`x/!`˯%,z b]9qUE8rɰaU`%4gͅkz\˯leɰaU`be$,M ΃

ﻞﻴﺴﻐﻟا قﻮﺤﺴﻣ تﺎﻔ

ﻠﺨﻣ ﻞﻳﺰﺗ ﻟ (23b]8͹ɰaU`be$^8

0Ye"kU4MEXE4sV

Ijrɪ0p]`.(˯lLz0p]`y.Q`b\b=Tgͅkz\˯UD ΃

.شوﺪﻟا ﻦﻣ

111

.ﻒﻄﺸﻟا ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ مﺎﻹ ﻞﻗﻷا ﲆﻋ ءﺎﳌا ﻦﻣ نﺎﺠﻨﻓ 20(o,Mlerͅ,y, leɰaU`be$^8gͅkz\˯bQ8 ΃

.ﻞﻗﻷا ﲆﻋ رﻮﻬﺷ ﺔﺛﻼﺛ ﻞﻛ ﺎﻬﻔﻴﻈﻨﺘﺑ ﺢﺼﻨﻳ ،

ﺎﻴﻣﻮﻳ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﻣ لﻌﺘﺳا ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﰲ

تﺎﺒّﻛﺮﳌا ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ

!ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ

.ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺬﺧﺄﳌا ﻦﻋ لﻮﺼﻔﻣ ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟاو ﺄﻔﻄﻣ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا نﻮﻜﻳ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻢﺘﺗ نأ ﺐﺠﻳ

!ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ

.ﺔﻓﺮﻐﻟا ةراﺮﺣ ﺔﺟرد ﱃإ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ةراﺮﺣ ﺔﺟرد ﻞﺼﺗ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﺑ مﺎﻴﻘﻟا ﺐﺠﻳ

.مﺎﺗ صﺮﺤﺑ ءاﺰﺟﻷا ﻊﻴﻤﺟ ﻒّﻔﺟو ﻒﻄﺷأ .نﻮﺑﺎﺼﻟاو ءﺎﳌﺎﺑ ﱰﻠﻔﻟاو ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣو ءﺎﳌا نا

ﺰﺧ ﻞﺴﻏا

!ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ

.ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻢﺴﺟ ﻒﻠﺗ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻓﻮﺧ ﺔّﻛﺎﺣ ﻏو ﺔﺒﻃر ﺔﺤﺴﻤﻣ لﻌﺘﺳا لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻦﻣ ﺔﺘﺑﺎﺜﻟا ءاﺰﺟﻷا ﻒ

ﻈﻧ

ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ

ﺮﻘﻣ ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ

لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻫدﺎﻌﺑإ ﺐﺠﻳ ﱄﺎﺘﻟﺎﺑو ،ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻪﻴﻓ ﻚﺒﺸﻳ يﺬﻟا

ﺮﻘﳌا ﰲ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻟﺎﺜﺣ ﻒﻠﺨﺘﺗ نأ ﻦﻜ ،لﻌﺘﺳﻻا ﻊﻣ

.(24 ﻞﻜﺷ) ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻚﺒﺷ نوﺪﺑ يﺮﺠﻳ ءﺎﳌا كﺮﺗ وأ (23 ﻞﻜﺷ) ﺞﻨﻔﺳإ ﺔﺤﺴﻤﻣو نﺎﻨﺳﻷا ﺶﻜﻧ دﻮﻋ لﻌﺘﺳا

!ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ

.اوﻷا ﺔﻟﺎﺴﻏ ﰲ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻞﺴﻐﺗ ﻻ

رﺎﺨﺒﻟا بﻮﺒﻧأ ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ

.تﺎﺒﺳﱰﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺐﻘﺜﻟا ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺘﻟ اﻮﺛ ﻊﻀﺒﻟ رﺎﺨﺒﻟا جﺮﺧأ ،ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا لﻌﺘﺳا ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻢﺘﻳ ةﺮﻣ ﻞﻛ ﰲ

!ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ

.قاﱰﺣﻻا ﻦﻣ ﺎﻓﻮﺧ درﺎﺑ موﺮﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﲇﻄﳌا بﻮﺒﻧﻷا نﻮﻜﻳ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ ﺎﻘﺣﻻ ﺔﻨﻴﺒﳌا تﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا ﻊﺒﺗا

ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ بﻮﺒﻧﻷا ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ ﻦﻜ .يرﺎﺠﻟا ءﺎﳌا ﺖﺤﺗ ﻪﻠﺴﻏاو (25 ﻞﻜﺷ) بﻮﺒﻧﻷا ﻦﻋ رﺎﺨﺒﻟا م

ﺻ

ﻚﻓ ،ةروﴬﻟا ﺪﻨﻋ

ﻲﺘﻟا بﻮﻘﺜﻟا ﻒ

ﻈﻧ ،ةروﴬﻟا ﺪﻨﻋ .رﺎﺴﳌا ﺔﻳﺎﻬﻧ ﺔﻳﺎﻏ ﱃإ ﻪّﻔﻟ ةﺎﻋاﺮﻣ ﻊﻣ ،رﺎﺨﺒﻟا مﺻ ﺐّﻛر .ﺔّﻛﺎﺣ ﻏ شﻗ ﺔﻌﻄﻗ

. (26 ﻞﻜﺷ) سﻮ

ﺑد ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ رﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﺎﻬﻨﻣ جﺮﺨﻳ

تاﺮﻄﻘﻟا ﻊﻴﻤﺠﺗ ضﻮﺣو ﺔﻜﺒﺸﻟا ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ

!ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ

.ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺬﺧﺄﳌا ﻦﻋ لﻮﺼﻔﻣ ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟاو ﺄﻔﻄﻣ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا نﻮﻜﻳ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻢﺘﺗ نأ ﺐﺠﻳ

!ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ

.ﺔﻓﺮﻐﻟا ةراﺮﺣ ﺔﺟرد ﱃإ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ةراﺮﺣ ﺔﺟرد ﻞﺼﺗ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﺑ مﺎﻴﻘﻟا ﺐﺠﻳ

.تاﺮﻄﻘﻟا ﻊﻴﻤﺠﺗ ضﻮﺣ ﻎﻳﺮﻔﺗ ﺮﺧﻵاو ﺤﻟا ﺑ ﺮﻛﺬﺗ

.(J) ﺟﺎﻨﻔﻟا دﺎﻨﺳإ ﻚﺒﺷ ﺪﻌﺑأ

.يرﺎﺠﻟا ءﺎﳌا ﺖﺤﺗ ﻪﻠﺴﻏاو ﻪﻏ

ﺮﻓ ﻢﺛ ،ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻦﻣ (K) تاﺮﻄﻘﻟا ﻊﻴﻤﺠﺗ ضﻮﺣ ﺐﺤﺳا

.ﺟﺎﻨﻔﻟا دﺎﻨﺳإ ﻚﺒﺷ ﺎﻀﻳأ ﻞﺴﻏا

112

ﺔﻴﺴﻠﻜﻟا تﺎﺒﺳﱰﻟا ﺔﻟازإ

ﺔﻴﺴﻠﻜﻟا تﺎﺒﺳﱰﻟا ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ ﻦﻣ ﺪﺤﻟاو ﻢﻈﺘﻨﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺎﻬﻔﻴﻈﻨﺗ لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺖﻗﻮﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺔﻠﻳﻮﻃ ةﺪﳌ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﲆﻋ ظﺎﻔﺤﻟا ﻢﺘﻳ

ﺔﺒﺴﻧ ﲆﻋ يﻮﺘﺤﻳ ﳼﺎﻗ ءﺎﻣ لﻌﺘﺳﻻ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﺖﻗﻮﻟا ﻦﻣ ةﱰﻓ ﺪﻌﺑ ةذﺎﺷ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻄﺑ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻞﻤﻋ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﰲ ﻦﻜﻟو .ﺎﻬﻠﺧاﺪﺑ

ﻞﻤﻌﺘﺳا .ﺔﻨﻴﻛﻠﻟ ذﺎﺸﻟا ﻞﻤﻌﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺴﻠﻜﻟا تﺎﺒﺳﱰﻟا ﺔﻟازإ ﲆﻋ ﻞﻤﻌﻟا ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟا هﺬﻫ ﰲ ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺲﻠﻜﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻋ

ﻦﻣ ﺔﻟﻮﻬﺴﺑ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ لﻮﺼﺤﻟا ﻦﻜ ،ﺞﺘﻨﳌا اﺬﻫ .ﻚﻳﱰﺴﻟا ﺾﻣﺎﺣ ﻦﻣ ن

ﻮﻜﻣ ﺔﻴﺴﻠﻜﻟا تﺎﺒﺳﱰﻠﻟ ﻞﻳﺰﻣ ﺞﺘﻨﻣ ضﺮﻐﻟا اﺬﻬﻟ

زﺎﻬﺠﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻠﺧاﺪﻟا تﺎﺒّﻛﺮﳌﺎﺑ ﻖﺤﻠﺗ ﻲﺘﻟا راﴐﻷا ﻦﻋ ﺔﻴﻟوﺆﺴﻣ يأ ﺔﻌ

ﻨﺼﳌا ﺔﻛﴩﻟا ﻞﻤﺤﺘﺗ ﻻ .ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺘﻟا ةﺪﻋﺎﺴﳌا ﺰﻛاﺮﻣ

،ﺔﻴﺴﻠﻜﻟا تﺎﺒﺳﱰﻟا ﺔﻟازﻹ ﺔﺟﺎﺤﻟا ﺖﻋد اذإ .ﺔﻳوﻴﻛ تﺎﻓﺎﻀﻣ دﻮﺟﻮﻟ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﺔﻘﺑﺎﻄﻣ ﻏ تﺎﺠﺘﻨﻣ لﻌﺘﺳا ﻦﻋ ﺔﺠﺗﺎﻨﻟاو

.ضﺮﻐﻟا اﺬﻬﻟ صﺎﺨﻟا ﺞﺘﻨﳌا ﻊﻣ ﺔﻘﻓﺮﳌا تﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺎﺑ ﺪﻴﻘﺘﻟا ﺐﺠﻳ

ﻞﻤﻌﻟا ﻦﻋ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا فﺎﻘﻳإ

تاﺮﻄﻗ ﻊﻴﻤﺠﺗ ضﻮﺣ ﻎﻳﺮﻔﺗو ءﺎﳌا ﻦﻣ نا

ﺰﺨﻟا ﻎﻳﺮﻔﺗو ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺬﺧﺄﳌا ﻦﻋ ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟا ﻞﺼﻓ ﺐﺠﻳ ،زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﺐﻄﻋ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﰲ

.("زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ" ةﺮﻘﻓ ﻊﺟار) ﻪﻔﻴﻈﻨﺗو ءﺎﳌا

ﺎﻬﻨﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻟاو ﺎﻬﻨﻣ ﺔﻋﻮﻨﺼﳌا داﻮﳌا زﺮﻓ ﲆﻋ ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟا هﺬﻫ ﰲ ﻞﻤﻌﻟا ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺎﻫﺮﻤﻋ ءﺎﻬﺘﻧا ﺪﻌﺑ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻢﻴﻄﺤﺗ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﰲ

.ةﺪﺋﺎﺴﻟا ﺔﻴﻠﺤﳌا ﻧاﻮﻘﻟاو ﻢﻈﻨﻟا ﺐﺴﺣو ﺎﻬﺘﺒﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﺐﺴﺣ

ﻞﻛﺎﺸﳌا ﺾﻌﺑ ﻞﺤﻟ ﻞﻴﻟد

!ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ

.ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺬﺧﺄﳌا ﻦﻣ ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟا ﺐﺤﺳا ﻢﺛ ،رﻮﻔﻟا ﲆﻋ ﻪﺌﻔﻃأ ،

ذﺎﺷ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻞﻤﻋ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﰲ

لﻮﻠﺤﻟا بﺎﺒﺳﻷا ﻞﻛﺎﺸﳌا

نأ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻀﻳأ ﻖﻘﺤﺗو ،ﺪﻴﺟ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﻞﺧﺪﻣ ناﺰﺨﻟا نأ ﻦﻣ ﻖﻘﺤﺗ

.ﻢﻈﺘﻨﻣ ناﺰﺨﻟا ﰲ ءﺎﳌا ىﻮﺘﺴﻣ

.MAX ةرﺎﺷﺈﺑ ﺒﳌا ﴡﻗﻷا ﺪﺤﻟا ﺔﻳﺎﻏ ﱃإ درﺎﺒﻟا ءﺎﳌﺎﺑ ناﺰﺨﻟا ﻸﻣا

ﱄﺎﺘﻟﺎﺑو ،ﻞﻴﻠﻗ ءﺎﻣ ﺪﺟﻮﻳ

.ﻂﻔﺸﺗ ﻻ ﺔﺨﻀﳌا

ﻦﻣ رﺎﺨﺑ جﺮﺨﻳ ﻻ

.ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا

سﻮﺑﺪﻟا ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ رﺎﺨﺒﻟا بﻮﺒﻧأ ﻞﺧاد ﺖﻠﻜﺸﺗ ﻲﺘﻟا تﺎﺒﺳﱰﻟا لزأ

.زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻊﻣ درﻮﳌا

.رﺎﺨﺒﻟا جوﺮﺧ ﺐﻘﺛ

ةﻮﻬﻗ لﻌﺘﺳا ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺔﻨﺧﺎﺳو (ﺔﻠﻴﻘﺛ) ةﺰﻛﺮﻣ ةﻮﻬﻗ ﲆﻋ لﻮﺼﺤﻠﻟ

.ﻢﻌﻧأ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﻣ

ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﻣ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا

.اﺪﺟ ﻦﺸﺧ

اﺪﺟ ﺔﻔﻴﻔﺧ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا

.ةدرﺎﺑو

."ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻧﻮﺣﺎﻃ قﺎﺘﻋإ" ةﺮﻘﻔﻟا ﻊﺟار ﺎﻣ ﺐﺋاﻮﺷ دﻮﺟو ﺔﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣإ

.ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا بﻮﺒﺣ ﺑ

ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺔﻨﺤﻄﻣ

.ﺔﻔﻗﻮﺘﻣ

113

لﻮﻠﺤﻟا بﺎﺒﺳﻷا ﻞﻛﺎﺸﳌا

ﺔﻌﻄﻗ ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ ﻪﻴﻓ ﻚﺒﺸﻳ يﺬﻟا نﺎﻜﳌا ﻒﻈﻧو ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﺪﻌﺑأ

ﺔﺤﻴﺤﺻ ﺔﻴﻤﻛ ﻊﺿو ةﺎﻋاﺮﻣ ﻊﻣ ،ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا ﺪﻋأ . (23 ﻞﻜﺷ) ﺞﻨﻔﺳا

.ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﺧاد ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﻣ

ةﺪﺋاز ﺔﻴﻤﻛ ﻊﺿو ﻞﻤﺘﺤﻳ

ﰲ ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﳌا ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﻣ

ﻦﻣ ﻊﻨﻣ ﻣ ،ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ

ﺮﻘﻣ ﰲ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ

ﺪﺷ

.ﺔﻳﺎﻬﻨﻟا ﻰﺘﺣ

ﴪﺘﺗ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا

ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﺐﻧاﻮﺟ ﻦﻣ

.ﱰﻠﻔﻟا

ﺶﻜﻧ دﻮﻋ ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﺎﻳﺎﻘﺑ ﻦﻣ بﴪﺘﻟا ﻊﻨﻣ قﻮﻃ ﻒ

ﻈﻧ

.(23 ﻞﻜﺷ) ﺞﻨﻔﺳﻹا ﻦﻣ ﺔﺤﺴﻤﻣو نﺎﻨﺳﻷا

ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺎﻳﺎﻘﺑ ﺪﺟﻮﺗ

بﴪﺘﻟا ﻊﻨﻣ قﻮﻃ ﲆﻋ

يﺬﻟا

ﺮﻘﳌا ﰲ ﺐﻛﺮﳌا

.ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﻪﺑ ﻚﺒﺸﻳ

يدﺆﻳ نأ ﻦﻜ ﻒ

ﻠﺨﺘﳌا ﻂﻐﻀﻟا نﻷ ،ءﻂﺒﺑ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﺪﻌﺑأو ﻚﻓ

.سﻮﺑد ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ ﻖﻠﻐﳌا ﺐﻘﺜﻟا ﻒ

ﻈﻧ .ﻞﺋاﻮﺴﻟا ﻖﻓﺪﺗ وأ ﻖﺷر ﱃإ

لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ،ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ صﺮﻗ ماﺪﺨﺘﺳا لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻒ

ﻈﻧ

.ﺔﺒﻠﻌﻟا ﻞﺧاد ﺔﻨﻴﺒﳌا تﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟا عﺎﺒﺗا

ﻪﻨﻣ جﺮﺨﺗ يﺬﻟا ﺐﻘﺜﻟا

يﺬﻟا ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﰲ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا

ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﲆﻋ يﻮﺘﺤﻳ

.ﻖﻠﻐﻣ ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﳌا

 اذإ .ﻞﻜﺸﻟا اﺬﻬﺑ ءﺎﳌا جﺮﺨﻳ ﻟ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ نوﺪﺑ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻞﻐﺷ

ﲆﻋ ﻞﻤﻌﻟا ﺐﺠﻳ ،بﻮﻘﺜﻟا ﻊﻴﻤﺟ ﻦﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺠﺘﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ءﺎﳌا جﺮﺨﻳ

NOCAL ﺞﺘﻨﻣ ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ ﺔﻴﺴﻠﻜﻟا تﺎﺒﺳﱰﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺔﻨﻴﻛﺎﳌا ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ

ﺰﻛاﺮﻣ ﻦﻣ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ لﻮﺼﺤﻟا ﻦﻜ يﺬﻟاو Ariete ﺔﻛﴍ ﻪﺠﺘﻨﺗ يﺬﻟا

.ﺔﺒﻠﻌﻟا ﰲ ﺔﻨﻴﺒﳌا تﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺎﺑ ﺪﻴﻘﺘﻟا ﻊﻣ ﺔﻛﴩﻠﻟ ﺔﻌﺑﺎﺘﻟا ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺼﻟا

نﻮﻜﻴﻠﻴﺴﻟا صﺮﻗ بﻮﻘﺛ

ﻚﺒﺷ ﺮﻘﻣ ﰲ ﺪﺟاﻮﺘﳌا

.ةدوﺪﺴﻣ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ

وأ جﺮﺨﺗ ﻻ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا

ءﻲﻄﺑ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ جﺮﺨﺗ

.ﺔﻳﺎﻐﻠﻟ

يدﺆﻳ نأ ﻦﻜ ﻒ

ﻠﺨﺘﳌا ﻂﻐﻀﻟا نﻷ ،ءﻂﺒﺑ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺣ ﺪﻌﺑأو ﻚﻓ

.سﻮﺑد ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ ﻖﻠﻐﳌا ﺐﻘﺜﻟا ﻒ

ﻈﻧ .ﻞﺋاﻮﺴﻟا ﻖﻓﺪﺗ وأ ﻖﺷر ﱃإ

لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ،ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ صﺮﻗ ماﺪﺨﺘﺳا لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻒ

ﻈﻧ

.ﺔﺒﻠﻌﻟا ﻞﺧاد ﺔﻨﻴﺒﳌا تﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟا عﺎﺒﺗا

ﻪﻨﻣ جﺮﺨﺗ يﺬﻟا ﺐﻘﺜﻟا

يﺬﻟا ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﰲ ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا

ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﲆﻋ يﻮﺘﺤﻳ

.ﻖﻠﻐﻣ ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﳌا

.ﻦﺸﺧأ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﻣ ةﻮﻬﻗ لﻌﺘﺳا لوﺎﺣ ﺔﻤﻋﺎﻧ ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﳌا ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا

.اﺪﺟ

.ﻞﻗأ لﺪﻌ ﱰﻠﻔﻟا ﻞﺧاد ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا ﻂﻐﺿا ﺔﻧﻮﺤﻄﳌا ةﻮﻬﻘﻟا

.ﺪﺋاز ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺔﻃﻮﻐﻀﻣ

.ﺔﻳﺎﻬﻨﻟا ﻰﺘﺣ ﻪﻌﻓد لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻴﺟ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ناﺰﺨﻟا ﻞﺧدأ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﻞﺧﺪﻣ ﻏ ناﺰﺨﻟا

.ﺪﻴﺟ

نأ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻀﻳأ ﻖﻘﺤﺗو ،ﺪﻴﺟ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﻞﺧﺪﻣ ناﺰﺨﻟا نأ ﻦﻣ ﻖﻘﺤﺗ

ﺔﻳﺎﻏ ﱃإ درﺎﺒﻟا ءﺎﳌﺎﺑ ناﺰﺨﻟا ﻸﻣا .ﻢﻈﺘﻨﻣ ناﺰﺨﻟا ﰲ ءﺎﳌا ىﻮﺘﺴﻣ

.MAX ةرﺎﺷﺈﺑ ﺒﳌا ﴡﻗﻷا ﺪﺤﻟا

ﱄﺎﺘﻟﺎﺑو ،ﻞﻴﻠﻗ ءﺎﻣ ﺪﺟﻮﻳ

.ﻂﻔﺸﺗ ﻻ ﺔﺨﻀﳌا

114

ǽǾǼȄǳǷǽǼǿǥǯǻǶǸ

ɉɨɩɪɢ ɬɟ ɳɨ ɩɪɢɥɚɞɢ ɜɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɧɿ ɭ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨɫɬɿ ɞɨ ɧɚɥɟɠɧɢɯ ɞɿɸɱɢɯ ɽɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɶɤɢɯ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɿɜ

ɬɚɦɚɸɬɶɡɚɯɢɫɬɭɜɫɿɯɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɣɧɨɧɟɛɟɡɩɟɱɧɢɯɦɿɫɰɹɯɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɨɭɜɚɠɧɨɩɪɨɱɢɬɚɬɢɡɚɫɬɟɪɟɠɟɧɧɹɿ

ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɜɚɬɢɩɪɢɥɚɞɜɢɤɥɸɱɧɨɡɚɩɪɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹɦɳɨɛɭɧɢɤɧɭɬɢɧɟɳɚɫɧɢɯɜɢɩɚɞɤɿɜɬɚɩɨɲɤɨɞɠɟɧɶ

ɁɛɟɪɿɝɚɣɬɟɰɟɣɩɨɫɿɛɧɢɤɭɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɦɭɦɿɫɰɿɞɥɹɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɰɿɣɭɦɚɣɛɭɬɧɶɨɦɭɁɚɧɚɦɿɪɭɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɢɰɟɣ

ɩɪɢɥɚɞɿɧɲɨɦɭɤɨɪɢɫɬɭɜɚɱɭɿɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿɹɩɨɜɢɧɧɚɫɭɩɪɨɜɨɞɠɭɜɚɬɢɩɪɢɥɚɞ

ȱɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɿɹɜɢɤɥɚɞɟɧɚɭɰɶɨɦɭɩɨɫɿɛɧɢɤɭɩɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɚɧɚɫɬɭɩɧɢɦɢɫɢɦɜɨɥɚɦɢɹɤɿɨɡɧɚɱɚɸɬɶ

ɇɟɛɟɡɩɟɤɚɞɥɹɞɿɬɟɣ

Ɂɚɫɬɟɪɟɠɟɧɧɹɩɪɨɨɩɿɤɢ

ɇɟɛɟɡɩɟɤɚɩɨɜɹɡɚɧɚɡɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɤɨɸ ɍɜɚɝɚɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɶɧɿɡɛɢɬɤɢ

ɇɟɛɟɡɩɟɤɚɩɨɲɤɨɞɠɟɧɶɩɨɜɹɡɚɧɢɯɡɿɧɲɢɦɢ

ɩɪɢɱɢɧɚɦɢ

ǽǾǶǵǻǮȅǳǻǻȍ

ɉɪɢɥɚɞɦɨɠɧɚɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɜɚɬɢɞɥɹɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹɤɚɜɢɿɤɚɩɭɱɿɧɨ

ɐɟɣɩɪɢɥɚɞɧɟɩɨɜɢɧɟɧɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɜɚɬɢɫɶɭɤɨɦɟɪɰɿɣɧɢɯɚɛɨɩɪɨɦɢɫɥɨɜɢɯɰɿɥɹɯ

ȼɢɪɨɛɧɢɤ ɧɟ ɩɟɪɟɞɛɚɱɢɜ ɛɭɞɶɹɤɟ ɿɧɲɟ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹ ɰɶɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɥɚɞɭ ɰɟ ɡɜɿɥɶɧɹɽ ɣɨɝɨ ɜɿɞ

ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ ɡɚ ɡɛɢɬɤɢ ɛɭɞɶɹɤɨɝɨ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɭ ɫɩɪɢɱɢɧɟɧɿ ɧɟɧɚɥɟɠɧɢɦ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɦ ɩɪɢɥɚɞɭ

ɇɟɧɚɥɟɠɧɟɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɩɪɢɥɚɞɭɫɤɚɫɨɜɭɽɝɚɪɚɧɬɿɸɭɜɫɿɯʀʀɩɪɨɹɜɚɯ

ǵǮǹǶȆǸǼǰǥǾǶǵǶǸǶ

Ʉɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɿɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢɩɪɢɥɚɞɭɩɪɨɹɤɢɣɣɞɟɬɶɫɹɭɰɶɨɦɭɩɨɫɿɛɧɢɤɭɧɟɞɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɬɶɡɚɯɢɫɬɢɬɢ

ɤɨɪɢɫɬɭɜɚɱɚɜɿɞɩɪɹɦɨɝɨɫɬɪɭɦɭɩɚɪɢɚɛɨɝɚɪɹɱɨʀɜɨɞɢ

ȁȐȎȑȎ

ɇɟɛɟɡɩɟɤɚɨɩɿɤɿɜɉɿɞɱɚɫɩɨɞɚɱɿɝɚɪɹɱɨʀɜɨɞɢɿɩɚɪɢɧɟɫɩɪɹɦɨɜɭɣɬɟɫɬɪɭɦɭɧɚɩɪɹɦɤɭɬɪɟɬɿɯɨɫɿɛ

ɚɛɨɧɚɫɟɛɟȻɟɪɿɬɶɫɹɜɢɤɥɸɱɧɨɡɚɩɥɚɫɬɢɤɨɜɭɱɚɫɬɢɧɭɬɪɭɛɤɢ

ȼɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɣɬɟ ɬɿɥɶɤɢ ɬɿ ɽɦɧɨɫɬɿ ɹɤɿ ɜɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɿ ɡ ɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɭ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɨɝɨ ɞɥɹ ɯɚɪɱɨɜɢɯ

ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɿɜ

ǵǮǿȀǳǾǳǴǳǻǻȍǵǯǳǵǽǳǸǶ

ɎȽȻɁɈɉɊɋɉɒɃɍȻɄɍɀȲɈɌɍɋɎɅɑȲȳɊɀɋɀȿɊɉɒȻɍɅɉɇȽɃɅɉɋɃɌɍȻɈɈɚ

ɉɪɢɥɚɞɩɪɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣɞɥɹɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɭɩɨɛɭɬɨɜɢɯɞɨɦɚɲɧɿɯɭɦɨɜɚɯɬɚɜ

ɭɦɨɜɚɯɛɥɢɡɶɤɢɯɞɨɞɨɦɚɲɧɿɯɹɤɧɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞ

ɧɚɤɭɯɧɹɯɞɥɹɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɭɦɚɝɚɡɢɧɿɜɨɮɿɫɿɜɬɚɭɿɧɲɢɯɩɪɨɮɟɫɿɣɧɢɯɡɚɤɥɚɞɚɯ

ɭɝɨɫɩɨɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɯ

ɭɧɨɦɟɪɚɯɝɨɬɟɥɿɜɦɨɬɟɥɿɜɭɝɨɬɟɥɹɯɬɢɩɭEHGEUHDNIDVWɬɚɭɿɧɲɢɯɠɢɬɥɨɜɢɯ

ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɯɞɥɹɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɡɛɨɤɭɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɢɯɩɨɫɬɨɹɥɶɰɿɜ

ȼɢɪɨɛɧɢɤ ɧɟ ɧɟɫɟ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɥɶɧɿɫɬɶ ɡɚ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɟ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹ ɚɛɨ ɡɚ

ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɧɟɩɟɪɟɞɛɚɱɟɧɟɭɰɶɨɦɭɩɨɫɿɛɧɢɤɭ

Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɡɛɟɪɿɝɚɬɢ ɨɪɢɝɿɧɚɥɶɧɭ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɭ ɨɫɤɿɥɶɤɢ ɛɟɡɤɨɲɬɨɜɧɿ

ɫɟɪɜɿɫɧɿ ɩɨɫɥɭɝɢ ɧɟ ɩɟɪɟɞɛɚɱɟɧɿ ɭ ɜɢɩɚɞɤɭ ɩɨɥɨɦɨɤ ɫɩɪɢɱɢɧɟɧɢɯ

ɧɟɧɚɥɟɠɧɨɸɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɨɸɜɢɪɨɛɭɩɿɞɱɚɫɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɭɜɚɧɧɹɞɨȺɜɬɨɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɨɝɨ

ɫɟɪɜɿɫɧɨɝɨɰɟɧɬɪɭ

115

ǻȓȏȓȕȝȓȘȎȒșȭȒȳȠȓȗ

ɉɪɢɥɚɞ ɦɨɠɟ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɜɚɬɢɫɶ ɞɿɬɶɦɢ ɫɬɚɪɲɟ  ɪɨɤɿɜ ɨɫɨɛɚɦɢ ɡ

ɨɛɦɟɠɟɧɢɦɢ ɮɿɡɢɱɧɢɦɢ ɫɟɧɫɨɪɧɢɦɢ ɚɛɨ ɪɨɡɭɦɨɜɢɦɢ ɦɨɠɥɢɜɨɫɬɹɦɢ

ɨɫɨɛɢɹɤɿɧɟɦɚɸɬɶ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɧɶɨɝɨɞɨɫɜɿɞɭɱɢɡɧɚɧɶ ɦɨɠɭɬɶɤɨɪɢɫɬɭɜɚɬɢɫɹ

ɩɪɢɫɬɪɨɽɦ ɥɢɲɟ ɹɤɳɨ ɩɟɪɟɛɭɜɚɸɬɶ ɩɿɞ ɧɚɝɥɹɞɨɦ ɚɛɨ ɧɚɜɱɟɧɿ ɛɟɡɩɟɱɧɨ

ɤɨɪɢɫɬɭɜɚɬɢɫɶ ɩɪɢɫɬɪɨɽɦ ɿ ɭɫɜɿɞɨɦɥɸɸɬɶ ɧɟɛɟɡɩɟɤɭ ɜɿɞ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ

ɤɨɪɢɫɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ

Ⱦɿɬɹɦɡɚɛɨɪɨɧɹɽɬɶɫɹɝɪɚɬɢɫɹɡɩɪɢɥɚɞɨɦ

Ɉɩɟɪɚɰɿʀɱɢɫɬɤɢɿɞɨɝɥɹɞɭɨɩɢɫɚɧɿɭɰɶɨɦɭɩɨɫɿɛɧɢɤɭɧɟɩɨɜɢɧɧɿɜɢɤɨɧɭɜɚɬɢɫɶ

ɞɿɬɶɦɢɛɟɡɧɚɝɥɹɞɭɞɨɪɨɫɥɨʀɨɫɨɛɢ

ȿɥɟɦɟɧɬɢɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɢɧɟɩɨɜɢɧɧɿɡɚɥɢɲɚɬɢɫɹɩɨɪɭɱɡɞɿɬɶɦɢɨɫɤɿɥɶɤɢɜɨɧɢɽ

ɞɠɟɪɟɥɨɦɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɣɧɨʀɧɟɛɟɡɩɟɤɢ

ɍ ɪɚɡɿ ɹɤɳɨ ɰɟɣ ɩɪɢɥɚɞ ɭɬɢɥɿɡɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɭ ɹɤɨɫɬɿ ɜɿɞɯɨɞɿɜ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɽɬɶɫɹ

ɡɪɨɛɢɬɢɣɨɝɨɧɟɩɪɢɞɚɬɧɢɦɞɥɹɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɜɿɞɪɿɡɚɜɲɢɤɚɛɟɥɶɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹ

Ʉɪɿɦ ɬɨɝɨ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɨɛɟɪɟɠɧɨ ɩɨɜɨɞɢɬɢɫɹ ɡ ɭɫɿɦɚ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚɦɢ

ɩɪɢɥɚɞɭ ɳɨ ɦɨɠɭɬɶ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɢ ɪɢɡɢɤ ɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨ ɞɥɹ ɞɿɬɟɣ ɹɤɿ ɦɨɠɭɬɶ

ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɜɚɬɢɩɪɢɥɚɞɞɥɹɿɝɨɪ

ɇɟɡɚɥɢɲɚɣɬɟɛɭɥɚɜɤɭɞɥɹɱɢɫɬɤɢɭɦɟɠɚɯɞɨɫɹɠɧɨɫɬɿɞɿɬɟɣɿɡɛɟɪɿɝɚɣɬɟʀʀɭ

ɛɟɡɩɟɱɧɨɦɭɦɿɫɰɿɧɟɛɟɡɩɟɤɚɩɪɨɤɨɜɬɭɜɚɧɧɹɿɬɪɚɜɦ

ǻȓȏȓȕȝȓȘȎȝȜȐȭȕȎțȎȕȓșȓȘȠȞȖȘȜȬ

Ʉɚɛɟɥɶɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹɩɨɜɢɧɧɿɛɭɬɢɧɟɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɢɦɢɞɥɹɞɿɬɟɣɹɤɿɦɨɥɨɞɲɿɪɨɤɿɜ

ɉɟɪɟɞ ɩɿɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɹɦ ɩɪɢɫɬɪɨɸ ɞɨ ɦɟɪɟɠɿ ɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹ ɩɟɪɟɤɨɧɚɣɬɟɫɶ ɳɨ

ɧɚɩɪɭɝɚɹɤɚɜɤɚɡɚɧɚɧɚɬɚɛɥɢɱɰɿɳɨɡɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹɩɿɞɦɚɲɢɧɨɸɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɽ

ɧɚɩɪɭɡɿɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɨʀɦɟɪɟɠɿɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹ

ȼɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɢɯ ɩɨɞɨɜɠɭɜɚɱɿɜ ɧɟɞɨɡɜɨɥɟɧɢɯ ɜɢɪɨɛɧɢɤɨɦ

ɩɪɢɥɚɞɭɦɨɠɟɩɪɢɡɜɟɫɬɢɞɨɡɛɢɬɤɿɜɚɛɨɩɨɠɟɠɿ

ɉɟɪɲ ɧɿɠ ɩɨɱɢɧɚɬɢ ɧɚɩɨɜɧɟɧɧɹ ɛɚɤɚ ɜɨɞɨɸ ɜɿɞ¶ɽɞɧɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɢɫɬɪɿɣ ɜɿɞ

ɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɨʀɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ

əɤɳɨ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ ɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɲɤɨɞɠɟɧɢɣ ɣɨɝɨ ɩɨɜɢɧɟɧ ɡɚɦɿɧɢɬɢ ɜɢɪɨɛɧɢɤ

ɋɟɪɜɿɫɧɢɣ ɰɟɧɬɪ ɚɛɨ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥ ɡ ɩɨɞɿɛɧɨɸ ɤɜɚɥɿɮɿɤɚɰɿɽɸ ɳɨɛ ɭɧɢɤɧɭɬɢ

ɛɭɞɶɹɤɢɯɪɢɡɢɤɿɜ

Ɂɚɛɨɪɨɧɹɽɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɪɤɚɬɢɫɹ ɱɚɫɬɢɧɚɦɢ ɩɿɞ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɨɸ ɧɚɩɪɭɝɨɸ ɞɨ ɜɨɞɢ

ɦɨɠɟɜɢɧɢɤɧɭɬɢɤɨɪɨɬɤɟɡɚɦɢɤɚɧɧɹ

Ⱦɿɫɬɚɧɶɬɟɜɢɥɤɭɡɪɨɡɟɬɤɢɩɟɪɟɞɩɨɱɚɬɤɨɦɛɭɞɶɹɤɢɯɨɩɟɪɚɰɿɣɞɨɝɥɹɞɭɚɛɨ

ɱɢɫɬɤɢ

Ɂɚɛɨɪɨɧɹɽɬɶɫɹɡɚɧɭɪɸɜɚɬɢɩɪɢɥɚɞɭɜɨɞɭɚɛɨɭɿɧɲɿɪɿɞɢɧɢ

Ɂɚɜɠɞɢ ɜɢɦɢɤɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɢɥɚɞ ɿ ɜɿɞɽɞɧɭɣɬɟ ɜɢɥɤɭ ɤɚɛɟɥɸ ɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹ ɜɿɞ

ɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɨʀɪɨɡɟɬɤɢɩɟɪɲɧɿɠɧɚɩɨɜɧɸɜɚɬɢɛɚɤɜɨɞɨɸ

116

ǻȓȏȓȕȝȓȘȎȝȜȦȘȜȒȔȓțȪȝȜȐȭȕȎțȖȣȕȳțȦȖȚȖ

ȝȞȖȥȖțȎȚȖ

ɇɟ ɩɿɞɧɿɦɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɢɥɚɞ ɬɪɢɦɚɸɱɢ ɣɨɝɨ ɡɚ ɛɚɤ ɞɥɹ ɜɨɞɢ ɚɛɨ ɩɿɞɞɨɧ ɞɥɹ

ɤɪɚɩɟɥɶɩɪɢɥɚɞɩɨɬɪɿɛɧɨɛɪɚɬɢɡɚɤɨɪɩɭɫ

Ɉɛɟɪɿɬɶ ɱɢɫɬɟ ɩɪɢɦɿɳɟɧɧɹ ɡ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɧɿɦ ɨɫɜɿɬɥɟɧɧɹɦ ɬɚ ɡ ɥɟɝɤɨɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɸ

ɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɨɸɪɨɡɟɬɤɨɸ

ɇɟɡɚɥɢɜɚɣɬɟɭɛɚɤɧɚɞɦɿɪɧɭɤɿɥɶɤɿɫɬɶɜɨɞɢ

ɇɟ ɡɚɥɢɲɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɢɥɚɞ ɛɟɡ ɧɚɝɥɹɞɭ ɤɨɥɢ ɜɿɧ ɩɿɞɽɞɧɚɧɢɣ ɞɨ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɨʀ

ɦɟɪɟɠɿ

ɉɪɢɥɚɞɩɨɜɢɧɟɧɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɜɚɬɢɫɹɿɡɚɥɢɲɚɬɢɫɹɧɚɫɬɿɣɤɿɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɿ

ɉɪɢɥɚɞɧɟɩɨɜɢɧɟɧɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɜɚɬɢɫɹɩɿɫɥɹɩɚɞɿɧɧɹɹɤɳɨɩɪɢɫɭɬɧɿɨɡɧɚɤɢ

ɩɨɲɤɨɞɠɟɧɶ ɚɛɨ ɡ ɧɶɨɝɨ ɜɢɬɿɤɚɽ ɜɨɞɚ Ɂɚɛɨɪɨɧɹɽɬɶɫɹ ɤɨɪɢɫɬɭɜɚɬɢɫɹ

ɩɪɢɥɚɞɨɦ ɹɤɳɨ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ ɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹ ɱɢ ɜɢɥɤɚ ɩɨɲɤɨɞɠɟɧɿ ɚɛɨ ɹɤɳɨ ɫɚɦ

ɩɪɢɥɚɞ ɧɟɫɩɪɚɜɧɢɣ ɍɫɿ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɿʀ ɡ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɭ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɱɢ ɡɚɦɿɧɭ ɤɚɛɟɥɸ

ɹɤɢɯɪɢɡɢɤɿɜ

ǵȎȟȠȓȞȓȔȓțțȭȝȞȜȜȝȳȘȖ

Ɂɚɛɨɪɨɧɹɽɬɶɫɹɫɩɪɹɦɨɜɭɜɚɬɢɫɬɪɭɦɩɚɪɢɚɛɨɝɚɪɹɱɨʀɜɨɞɢɧɚɱɚɫɬɢɧɢɬɿɥɚ

ɤɨɪɢɫɬɭɣɬɟɫɹɬɪɭɛɤɨɸɩɨɞɚɱɿɩɚɪɢɡɨɛɟɪɟɠɧɿɫɬɸɧɟɛɟɡɩɟɤɚɨɩɿɤɿɜ

Ɂɚɛɨɪɨɧɹɽɬɶɫɹɬɨɪɤɚɬɢɫɹɞɨɡɨɜɧɿɲɧɿɯɦɟɬɚɥɿɱɧɢɯɱɚɫɬɢɧɩɪɢɥɚɞɭɿɞɟɪɠɚɤɚ

ɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɩɿɞɱɚɫɪɨɛɨɬɢɩɪɢɥɚɞɭɨɫɤɿɥɶɤɢɜɨɧɢɦɨɠɭɬɶɫɩɪɢɱɢɧɢɬɢɨɩɿɤɢ

ɇɟɡɚɞɨɜɿɥɶɧɢɣ ɜɢɯɿɞ ɜɨɞɢ ɡ ɞɟɪɠɚɤɚ ɮɿɥɶɬɪɚ ɦɨɠɟ ɛɭɬɢ ɜɢɤɥɢɤɚɧɢɣ

ɡɚɫɦɿɱɟɧɧɹɦɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɍ ɬɚɤɨɦɭɪɚɡɿɩɨɜɿɥɶɧɨ ɜɿɞɽɞɧɚɣɬɟɿɡɧɿɦɿɬɶ ɞɟɪɠɚɤ

ɮɿɥɶɬɪɚ ɨɫɤɿɥɶɤɢ ɡɚɥɢɲɤɨɜɢɣ ɬɢɫɤ ɦɨɠɟ ɫɩɪɢɱɢɧɢɬɢ ɛɪɢɡɤɢ ȼɢɤɨɧɚɣɬɟ

ɱɢɫɬɤɭɹɤɨɩɢɫɚɧɨɭɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨɦɭɩɚɪɚɝɪɚɮɿ

ȁȐȎȑȎȚȎȠȓȞȳȎșȪțȳȕȏȖȠȘȖ

Ɋɨɡɦɿɫɬɿɬɶɦɚɲɢɧɭɧɚɫɬɿɣɤɿɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɿɞɟʀʀɧɟɦɨɠɧɚɛɭɞɟɩɟɪɟɜɟɪɧɭɬɢ

ɇɟɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɣɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɭɛɟɡɜɨɞɢɭɬɚɤɨɦɭɜɢɩɚɞɤɭɧɚɫɨɫɦɨɠɟɡɝɨɪɿɬɢ

Ɂɚɛɨɪɨɧɹɽɬɶɫɹɧɚɩɨɜɧɸɜɚɬɢɛɚɤɝɚɪɹɱɨɸɜɨɞɨɸɚɛɨɤɢɩɹɬɤɨɦ

ɇɟɫɬɚɜɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɭɧɚɞɭɠɟɝɚɪɹɱɿɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɿɚɛɨɩɨɛɥɢɡɭɞɠɟɪɟɥɜɿɞɤɪɢɬɨɝɨ

ɜɨɝɧɸɳɨɛɭɧɢɤɧɭɬɢɦɨɠɥɢɜɨɫɬɿɩɨɲɤɨɞɠɟɧɧɹɤɨɪɩɭɫɭ

Ʉɚɛɟɥɶɧɟɩɨɜɢɧɟɧɬɨɪɤɚɬɢɫɹɝɚɪɹɱɢɯɱɚɫɬɢɧɦɚɲɢɧɢ

Ɂɚɛɨɪɨɧɹɽɬɶɫɹɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɜɚɬɢɝɚɡɨɜɚɧɭɜɨɞɭɡɞɿɨɤɫɢɞɨɦɜɭɝɥɟɰɸ

Ʉɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɱɧɨɡɚɛɨɪɨɧɹɽɬɶɫɹɡɚɫɢɩɚɬɢɭɮɿɥɶɬɪɪɟɱɨɜɢɧɢɹɤɿɧɟɽɦɟɥɟɧɨɸ

ɤɚɜɨɸ ɇɟɧɚɥɟɠɧɿ ɪɟɱɨɜɢɧɢ ɦɨɠɭɬɶ ɫɩɪɨɜɨɤɭɜɚɬɢ ɜɚɠɤɿ ɩɨɲɤɨɞɠɟɧɧɹ

ɩɪɢɥɚɞɭ

Ʉɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɱɧɨ ɡɚɛɨɪɨɧɹɽɬɶɫɹ ɪɟɝɭɥɸɜɚɬɢ ɫɬɭɩɿɧɶ ɩɨɦɟɥɭ ɩɿɞ ɱɚɫ ɪɨɛɨɬɢ

ɤɚɜɨɦɨɥɤɢɇɟ ɡɚɫɢɩɚɣɬɟɭɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪ ɞɥɹɤɚɜɢɦɟɥɟɧɭ ɤɚɜɭɚ ɜɢɤɥɸɱɧɨ

117

ɤɚɜɭɜɡɟɪɧɚɯɆɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɦɿɫɬɤɿɫɬɶɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɚɞɥɹɤɚɜɢɭɡɟɪɧɚɯɫɤɥɚɞɚɽ

ɝ

ɇɟɡɚɥɢɲɚɣɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɭɭɫɟɪɟɞɨɜɢɳɿɞɟɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚɧɢɠɱɟ&ɨɫɤɿɥɶɤɢ

ɡɚɥɢɲɤɢɜɨɞɢɭɛɨɣɥɟɪɿɦɨɠɭɬɶɡɚɦɟɪɡɧɭɬɢɫɩɪɢɱɢɧɹɸɱɢɩɨɲɤɨɞɠɟɧɧɹ

Ɂɚɛɨɪɨɧɹɽɬɶɫɹɤɨɪɢɫɬɭɜɚɬɢɫɹɩɪɢɥɚɞɨɦɧɚɜɿɞɤɪɢɬɨɦɭɩɨɜɿɬɪɿ

ɇɟɡɚɥɢɲɚɣɬɟɩɪɢɥɚɞɩɿɞɞɿɽɸɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɧɢɯɹɜɢɳɞɨɳɫɨɧɰɟɿɬɩ

ɉɿɫɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɹɤ ɜɢɥɤɭ ɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹ ɜɿɞɽɞɧɚɧɨ ɚ ɝɚɪɹɱɿ ɱɚɫɬɢɧɢ ɨɯɨɥɨɧɭɥɢ

ɩɪɢɫɬɪɿɣɦɨɠɧɚɱɢɫɬɢɬɢɜɢɤɥɸɱɧɨɧɟɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɨɸɝɚɧɱɿɪɤɨɸɡɥɟɝɤɚɡɦɨɱɟɧɨɸ

ɞɟɤɿɥɶɤɨɦɚ ɤɪɚɩɥɹɦɢ ɧɟɣɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɧɟɚɝɪɟɫɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɢɸɱɨɝɨ ɡɚɫɨɛɭ ɧɟ

ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɣɬɟɪɨɡɱɢɧɧɢɤɢɳɨɩɨɲɤɨɞɠɭɸɬɶɩɥɚɫɬɢɤ

ǵȏȓȞȳȑȎȗȠȓȤȬȳțȟȠȞȡȘȤȳȬ

ǼǽǶǿǸǼǺǽǼǻǳǻȀǥǰ

$ Ȼɚɤɞɥɹɜɨɞɢ

% Ɍɪɭɛɤɚɩɚɪɢ

&Ɏɨɪɫɭɧɤɚɜɢɯɨɞɭɩɚɪɢ

'Ɏɿɥɶɬɪɞɥɹɤɚɜɢ

( ɇɨɫɢɤ

)  Ⱦɟɪɠɚɤɮɿɥɶɬɪɚ

*Ɍɟɦɩɟɪ

+Ȼɭɥɚɜɤɚɞɥɹɱɢɫɬɤɢ

, Ʉɚɛɟɥɶɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹ

- Ɋɟɲɿɬɤɚɩɿɞɫɬɚɜɤɚɞɥɹɱɚɲɨɤ

. ɉɿɞɞɨɧɞɥɹɤɪɚɩɟɥɶ

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0Ʉɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɞɥɹɤɚɜɢɜɡɟɪɧɚɯ

1Ʉɪɢɲɤɚɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɚɞɥɹɤɚɜɢ

2ȼɚɠɿɥɶɪɨɡɛɥɨɤɭɜɚɧɧɹɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɚɞɥɹɤɚɜɢ

3 Ʉɪɢɲɤɚɛɚɤɭ

4Ʉɧɨɩɤɚɩɨɞɚɱɿɩɚɪɢ

5Ʉɧɨɩɤɚɩɨɞɚɱɿɤɚɜɢɡɿɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɨɦ



6 Ʉɧɨɩɤɚɜɜɿɦɤɧɟɧɧɹɡɿɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɨɦ



7  Ʉɧɨɩɤɚɮɭɧɤɰɿʀɩɚɪɢɡɿɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɨɦ



ǥȒȓțȠȖȢȳȘȎȤȳȗțȳȒȎțȳ

ɇɚ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɰɿ ɹɤɚ ɡɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɩɿɞ ɨɩɨɪɧɨɸ ɩɿɞɫɬɚɜɤɨɸ ɩɪɢɥɚɞɭ ɧɚɧɟɫɟɧɿ ɬɚɤɿ ɿɞɟɧɬɢɮɿɤɚɰɿɣɧɿ ɞɚɧɧɿ

ɦɚɲɢɧɢ

 ɜɢɪɨɛɧɢɤɿɦɚɪɤɭɜɚɧɧɹ&(

 ɦɨɞɟɥɶɆɨɞ

 ɫɟɪɿɣɧɢɣɧɨɦɟɪ61

 ɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɚɧɚɩɪɭɝɚɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹȼɿɱɚɫɬɨɬɚȽɰ

 ɫɩɨɠɢɜɚɧɚɩɨɬɭɠɧɿɫɬɶȼɬ

 ɧɨɦɟɪɛɟɡɤɨɲɬɨɜɧɨʀɫɟɪɜɿɫɧɨʀɥɿɧɿʀ

ɍɜɢɩɚɞɤɭɦɨɠɥɢɜɨɝɨɡɜɟɪɧɟɧɧɹɞɨɚɜɬɨɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɢɯɋɟɪɜɿɫɧɢɯɰɟɧɬɪɿɜɜɤɚɠɿɬɶɦɨɞɟɥɶɿɫɟɪɿɣɧɢɣɧɨɦɟɪ

118

ǥǻǿȀǾȁǸȄǥǦǵǰǶǸǼǾǶǿȀǮǻǻȍ

ǰȐȓȒȓțțȭȐȓȘȟȝșȡȎȠȎȤȳȬ

Ɂɧɿɦɿɬɶɩɚɤɭɜɚɥɶɧɢɣɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɿɩɟɪɟɜɿɪɬɟɱɢɜɫɿɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɢɭɧɚɹɜɧɨɫɬɿ

Ɋɨɡɬɚɲɭɣɬɟɩɪɢɥɚɞɧɚɪɿɜɧɿɣɿɫɬɿɣɤɿɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɿ

Ɂɧɿɦɿɬɶɛɚɤɞɥɹɜɨɞɢɡɩɪɢɥɚɞɭɉɟɪɟɞɩɟɪɲɢɦɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɦɩɪɨɦɢɣɬɟɛɚɤɧɚɩɨɜɧɿɬɶɣɨɝɨɫɜɿɠɨɸ

ɩɢɬɧɨɸɜɨɞɨɸɞɨɪɿɜɧɹɩɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɨɝɨɜɿɞɦɿɬɤɨɸ³0$;´ɬɚɩɟɪɟɤɨɧɚɣɬɟɫɹɳɨɜɿɧɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɣ

ɭɣɨɝɨɝɧɿɡɞɨɊɢɫȾɥɹɡɚɛɟɡɩɟɱɟɧɧɹɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨʀɪɨɛɨɬɢɩɪɢɥɚɞɭɞɨɛɪɟɩɪɢɬɢɫɧɿɬɶɛɚɤɞɨɤɿɧɰɹ

ȻɚɤɦɨɠɧɚɧɚɩɨɜɧɢɬɢɬɚɤɨɠɡɜɟɪɯɭɱɟɪɟɡɫɩɟɰɿɚɥɶɧɢɣɨɬɜɿɪɩɨɩɟɪɟɞɧɶɨɡɧɹɜɲɢɤɪɢɲɤɭɊɢɫ

ɉɨɦɢɣɬɟɮɿɥɶɬɪ'ɿɤɪɢɲɤɭɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɚɞɥɹɤɚɜɢ

ǽȓȞȦȓȐȐȳȚȘțȓțțȭ

ɉɟɪɟɤɨɧɚɣɬɟɫɹ ɳɨ ɧɚɩɪɭɝɚ ɞɨɦɚɲɧɶɨʀ ɦɟɪɟɠɿ ɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹ ɨɞɧɚɤɨɜɚ ɡ ɬɿɽɸ ɳɨ ɜɤɚɡɚɧɚ ɧɚ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɰɿ

ɬɟɯɧɿɱɧɢɯɞɚɧɢɯɩɪɢɥɚɞɭ

ȼɫɬɚɜɬɟɜɢɥɤɭɜɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɭɪɨɡɟɬɤɭ

ɉɿɞɱɚɫɩɟɪɲɨɝɨɜɜɿɦɤɧɟɧɧɹɚɛɨɜɜɿɦɤɧɟɧɧɹɩɿɫɥɹɩɪɨɫɬɨɸɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɽɬɶɫɹɩɪɨɩɭɫɬɢɬɢɩɪɢɧɚɣɦɧɿɨɞɧɭ

ɱɚɲɤɭɜɨɞɢɱɟɪɟɡɝɧɿɡɞɨɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢɞɟɪɠɚɤɚɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɿɡɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɦɞɟɪɠɚɤɨɦɮɿɥɶɬɪɚ

ȼɫɬɚɧɨɜɿɬɶɞɟɪɠɚɤɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɭɣɨɝɨɝɧɿɡɞɨɧɟɜɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɱɢɠɨɞɟɧɡɮɿɥɶɬɪɿɜ

ɇɚɬɢɫɧɿɬɶɤɧɨɩɤɭɜɜɿɦɤɧɟɧɧɹ

 

ȱɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɤɧɨɩɤɢɩɨɱɧɟɝɨɪɿɬɢɛɟɡɩɟɪɟɪɜɧɨɑɟɪɟɡɞɟɤɿɥɶɤɚɯɜɢɥɢɧ

ɿɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɤɧɨɩɤɢɩɨɞɚɱɿ ɤɚɜɢ

 

ɩɨɱɧɟɝɨɪɿɬɢ ɛɟɡɩɟɪɟɪɜɧɨ ɜɤɚɡɭɸɱɢ ɧɚ ɬɟ ɳɨ ɜɧɭɬɪɿɲɧɿɣɛɨɣɥɟɪ

ɝɨɬɨɜɢɣɞɨɩɨɞɚɱɿɤɚɜɢ

ɉɨɫɬɚɜɬɟɽɦɤɿɫɬɶɩɿɞɞɟɪɠɚɤɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɊɢɫɿɩɿɞɬɪɭɛɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɿɩɚɪɢɊɢɫ

ɇɚɬɢɫɧɿɬɶɤɧɨɩɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɿɤɚɜɢɊɢɫɿɭɬɪɢɦɭɣɬɟɧɚɬɢɫɧɟɧɨɸɤɧɨɩɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɿɩɚɪɢ4Ɋɢɫ

Ⱦɨɱɟɤɚɣɬɟɫɹɩɨɤɢɡɬɪɭɛɤɚɩɚɪɢɩɨɱɧɟɜɢɯɨɞɢɬɢɜɨɞɚɩɿɫɥɹɰɶɨɝɨɜɿɞɩɭɫɬɿɬɶɤɧɨɩɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɿɩɚɪɢ4Ɂ

ɞɟɪɠɚɤɚɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɩɨɱɧɟɜɢɯɨɞɢɬɢɜɨɞɚ)ɬɟɩɟɪɡɧɨɜɭɧɚɬɢɫɧɿɬɶɤɧɨɩɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɿɤɚɜɢɊɢɫ



Ɍɟɩɟɪɩɪɢɥɚɞɝɨɬɨɜɢɣɞɨɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹɩɟɪɲɨʀɤɚɜɢ

ɋɠɥɩɧɠɨɟɮɾɭɷɬɺɪɩɝɭɩɫɹɝɛɭɣɱɹɩɪɠɫɛɱʀɹɴɩɫɛɢɮɥɩɦɣɧɛɳɣɨɛɝɧɣɥɛɾɭɷɬɺɪʀɬɦɺɟɠɥʀɦɷɥɩɰ

ɟɨʀɝɪɫɩɬɭɩɹɝɛɨɨɺ

ǽǾǶǱǼȀȁǰǮǻǻȍǸǮǰǶ

Ɋɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɨɩɟɪɟɜɿɪɹɣɬɟɪɿɜɟɧɶɜɨɞɢɭɛɚɤɭ$ɉɟɪɟɤɨɧɚɣɬɟɫɹɳɨɛɚɤɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɣɭɫɜɨɽ

ɝɧɿɡɞɨȼɫɬɚɜɬɟɭɞɟɪɠɚɤɮɿɥɶɬɪɚ)ɮɿɥɶɬɪ'

ɇɚɫɢɩɬɟɤɚɜɭɜɡɟɪɧɚɯɭɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɞɥɹɤɚɜɢɊɢɫ

ɇɟɡɚɫɢɩɚɣɬɟɧɚɞɦɿɪɧɭɤɿɥɶɤɿɫɬɶɤɚɜɨɜɢɯɡɟɪɟɧ

Ʉɪɢɲɤɚɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɚɞɥɹɤɚɜɢɩɨɜɢɧɧɚɡɚɤɪɢɜɚɬɢɫɹɧɚɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɿ

ɚɥɴɩɢɛɬɣɪɛɭɣ ɨɠɝɠɦɣɥɮ ɥʀɦɷɥʀɬɭɷ ɥɛɝɩɝɣɰɢɠɫɠɨ ɢɛ ɫɛɢ ɝɣ ɢɧɩɡɠɭɠ ɨɛɬɩɦɩɟɡɮɝɛɭɣɬɺ ɢɛɝɡɟɣ

ɬɝʀɡɩɹɬɮɧʀɳɳɹ

Ʌɛɭɠɞɩɫɣɲɨɩɢɛɜɩɫɩɨɠɨɩɢɛɬɣɪɛɭɣɧɠɦɠɨɮɥɛɝɮɮɥɩɨɭɠɤɨɠɫɟɦɺɥɛɝɣɝɢɠɫɨɛɰ0

ǾȓȑȡșȬȐȎțțȭȟȠȡȝȓțȬȝȜȚȓșȡ

Ʉɚɜɚɦɨɠɟɛɭɬɢɩɟɪɟɦɟɥɚɧɚɛɿɥɶɲɚɛɨɦɟɧɲɦɿɥɤɨɭɡɚɥɟɠɧɨɫɬɿɜɿɞɛɚɠɚɧɨɝɨɫɬɭɩɟɧɸɩɨɦɟɥɭ

ɋɬɭɩɿɧɶɩɨɦɟɥɭɜɩɥɢɜɚɽɧɚɫɢɥɭɫɦɚɤɭɤɚɜɢɿɹɤɿɫɬɶɤɪɟɦɨɜɨʀɩɿɧɤɢȼɢɦɨɠɟɬɟɫɩɪɨɛɭɜɚɬɢɡɦɿɧɸɜɚɬɢ

ɰɟɣɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɳɨɛɡɧɚɣɬɢɿɞɟɚɥɶɧɟɧɚɥɚɲɬɭɜɚɧɧɹɳɨɡɚɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɹɽɜɚɲɫɦɚɤ

ɇɚɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɿɞɥɹɤɚɜɢɜɡɟɪɧɚɯɽɲɤɚɥɚɜɿɞɞɨȻɿɥɶɲɿɰɢɮɪɢɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɸɬɶɛɿɥɶɲɝɪɭɛɨɦɭɩɨɦɟɥɭ

Ɇɟɧɲɿɰɢɮɪɢɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɸɬɶ ɛɿɥɶɲɦɿɥɤɨɦɭɩɨɦɟɥɭ

ɋɩɪɨɛɭɣɬɟɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɬɢɤɚɜɭ ɿɡɫɬɭɩɟɧɟɦɩɨɦɟɥɭ

ɉɨɬɿɦɜɢɡɦɨɠɟɬɟɡɦɿɧɸɜɚɬɢɫɬɭɩɿɧɶɩɨɦɟɥɭɳɨɛɡɧɚɣɬɢɿɞɟɚɥɶɧɟɧɚɥɚɲɬɭɜɚɧɧɹɳɨɡɚɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɹɽɜɚɲɫɦɚɤ

ɓɨɛ ɜɿɞɪɟɝɭɥɸɜɚɬɢ ɫɬɭɩɿɧɶ ɩɨɦɟɥɭ ɤɚɜɢ ɦɿɥɤɚ ɚɛɨ ɤɪɭɩɧɚ ɡɟɪɧɢɫɬɿɫɬɶ ɧɚɬɢɫɧɿɬɶ ɜɧɢɡ ɜɚɠɿɥɶ

ɪɨɡɛɥɨɤɭɜɚɧɧɹ2ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɚɞɥɹɤɚɜɢɉɨɜɟɪɧɿɬɶɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɞɥɹɤɚɜɢɡɚɝɨɞɢɧɧɢɤɨɜɨɸɫɬɪɿɥɤɨɸɹɤɳɨ

ɜɢɛɚɠɚɽɬɟɨɬɪɢɦɚɬɢɦɿɥɤɭɡɟɪɧɢɫɬɿɫɬɶɚɛɨɩɪɨɬɢɝɨɞɢɧɧɢɤɨɜɨʀɫɬɪɿɥɤɢɹɤɳɨɜɢɛɚɠɚɽɬɟɨɬɪɢɦɚɬɢ

ɛɿɥɶɲɤɪɭɩɧɭɡɟɪɧɢɫɬɿɫɬɶɊɢɫ

119

ȁȐȎȑȎ

ɐɹɨɩɟɪɚɰɿɹɩɨɜɢɧɧɚɛɭɬɢɜɢɤɨɧɚɧɚɿɡɜɜɿɦɤɧɟɧɨɸɤɚɜɨɦɨɥɤɨɸ

ɐɹɨɩɟɪɚɰɿɹɩɨɜɢɧɧɚɛɭɬɢɜɢɤɨɧɚɧɚɿɡɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨɸɤɪɢɲɤɨɸɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɚɞɥɹɤɚɜɢ1

ǽȜȒȎȥȎȘȎȐȖ

ȼɫɬɚɜɬɟɜɢɥɤɭɜɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɭɪɨɡɟɬɤɭ

ɇɚɬɢɫɧɿɬɶɤɧɨɩɤɭɜɜɿɦɤɧɟɧɧɹ

 

ȱɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɤɧɨɩɤɢɩɨɱɧɟɝɨɪɿɬɢɛɟɡɩɟɪɟɪɜɧɨȱɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɤɧɨɩɤɢɩɨɞɚɱɿ

ɤɚɜɢ

 

ɩɨɱɧɟɝɨɪɿɬɢɛɟɡɩɟɪɟɪɜɧɨɜɤɚɡɭɸɱɢɧɚɬɟɳɨɜɧɭɬɪɿɲɧɿɣɛɨɣɥɟɪɝɨɬɨɜɢɣɞɨɩɨɞɚɱɿɤɚɜɢ

ȼɫɬɚɜɬɟɮɿɥɶɬɪɭɞɟɪɠɚɤɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɊɢɫ

ȼɫɬɚɧɨɜɿɬɶ ɞɟɪɠɚɤ ɮɿɥɶɬɪɚ ɩɿɞ ɤɚɜɨɦɨɥɤɭ Ɋɢɫ  ȼɫɬɚɜɬɟ ɤɪɢɥɶɰɹ ɞɟɪɠɚɤɚ ɮɿɥɶɬɪɚ ɜ ɨɩɨɪɭ ɩɿɞ

ɤɚɜɨɦɨɥɤɨɸ ɉɿɫɥɹ ɤɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɬɢɫɤɚɧɧɹ ɞɟɪɠɚɤɚ ɮɿɥɶɬɪɚ ) ɞɨ ɨɩɨɪɢ ɳɨ ɩɿɞ ɤɚɜɨɦɨɥɤɨɸ ɛɭɞɟ

ɜɢɯɨɞɢɬɢɦɟɥɟɧɚɤɚɜɚɄɿɥɶɤɿɫɬɶɦɟɥɟɧɨʀɤɚɜɢɜɩɥɢɜɚɽɧɚɫɢɥɭɫɦɚɤɭɤɚɜɢɿɹɤɿɫɬɶɤɪɟɦɨɜɨʀɩɿɧɤɢ

ɇɠɦɠɨɮɥɛɝɮɮɟɠɫɡɛɥɮɯʀɦɷɭɫɛɪɩɭɫʀɜɨɩɢɦɠɞɥɛɬɪɫɠɬɮɝɛɭɣɭɠɧɪɠɫɩɧɋɣɬ

ȼɫɬɚɜɬɟɞɟɪɠɚɤɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɭɫɩɟɰɿɚɥɶɧɟɝɧɿɡɞɨ

ȁȐȎȑȎ

Ⱦɨɛɪɟɡɚɬɹɝɧɿɬɶɞɟɪɠɚɤɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɿɩɟɪɟɤɨɧɚɣɬɟɫɹɳɨɜɿɧɦɿɰɧɨɡ¶ɽɞɧɚɧɢɣɡɮɥɚɧɰɟɦɊɢɫ

əɤɳɨɭɮɿɥɶɬɪɛɭɥɚɧɚɫɢɩɚɧɚɧɚɞɦɿɪɧɚɤɿɥɶɤɿɫɬɶɦɟɥɟɧɨʀɤɚɜɢɦɨɠɟɜɢɹɜɢɬɢɫɹɜɚɠɤɨɡɚɬɹɝɧɭɬɢ

ɞɨɤɿɧɰɹɞɟɪɠɚɤɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɭɣɨɝɨɝɧɿɡɞɿɿɚɛɨɩɿɞɱɚɫɩɨɞɚɱɿɤɚɜɢɡɞɟɪɠɚɤɚɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɦɨɠɟɜɢɧɢɤɧɭɬɢ

ɜɢɬɿɤ

Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɽɬɶɫɹɧɚɝɪɿɜɚɬɢɞɟɪɠɚɤɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɡɚɥɢɲɚɸɱɢɣɨɝɨɜɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɦɭɝɧɿɡɞɨɧɚɞɟɤɿɥɶɤɚɯɜɢɥɢɧ

ɩɟɪɲɧɿɠɩɨɱɢɧɚɬɢɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹɤɚɜɢɳɨɛɧɚɜɿɬɶɩɟɪɲɚɤɚɜɚɛɭɥɚɝɚɪɹɱɨɸɐɶɨɝɨɧɟɩɨɬɪɿɛɧɨɪɨɛɢɬɢ

ɞɥɹɩɨɞɚɥɶɲɨɝɨɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹɤɚɜɢ

Ʉɨɥɢɿɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɤɧɨɩɤɢɩɨɞɚɱɿɤɚɜɢ

 

ɩɨɱɧɟɝɨɪɿɬɢɛɟɡɩɟɪɟɪɜɧɨɰɟɨɡɧɚɱɚɬɢɦɟɳɨɩɪɢɫɬɪɿɣɞɨɫɹɝ

ɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɨʀɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɢɿɝɨɬɨɜɢɣɞɨɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹ

ɇɚɬɢɫɧɿɬɶɤɧɨɩɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɿɤɚɜɢ ɳɨɛɡɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɢɩɨɞɚɱɭɤɚɜɢɊɢɫ

ɉɿɞɱɚɫɩɨɞɚɱɿɿɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɤɧɨɩɤɢɩɨɞɚɱɿɤɚɜɢ

 

ɛɭɞɟɛɥɢɦɚɬɢ

ɓɨɛɩɟɪɟɪɜɚɬɢɩɨɞɚɱɭɡɧɨɜɭɧɚɬɢɫɧɿɬɶɤɧɨɩɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɿɤɚɜɢ 

ȁȐȎȑȎ

əɤ ɿ ɭ ɜɢɩɚɞɤɭ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿɣɧɢɯ ɤɚɜɨɦɚɲɢɧ ɧɟ ɡɧɿɦɚɣɬɟ ɞɟɪɠɚɤ ɮɿɥɶɬɪɚ ɤɨɥɢ ɤɧɨɩɤɚ ɩɨɞɚɱɿ

ɜɜɿɦɤɧɟɧɚ

ȁȐȎȑȎ

ɉɿɫɥɹɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɹɩɨɞɚɱɿɤɚɜɢɡɚɱɟɤɚɣɬɟɩɪɢɧɚɣɦɧɿɞɟɫɹɬɶɫɟɤɭɧɞɩɟɪɲɧɿɠɜɿɞ¶ɽɞɧɭɜɚɬɢɞɟɪɠɚɤ

ɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɳɨɛɡɧɹɬɢɞɟɪɠɚɤɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɩɨɜɿɥɶɧɨɩɨɜɟɪɧɿɬɶɣɨɝɨɫɩɪɚɜɚɧɚɥɿɜɨɳɨɛɭɧɢɤɧɭɬɢɛɪɢɡɨɤ

ɜɨɞɢɚɛɨɤɚɜɢ

ɚɥɴɩɝɣɨɣɥɛɹɭɷɨɠɢɨɛɲɨʀɝɣɥɣɟɣɪɛɫɣɢɞɨʀɢɟɛɟɠɫɡɛɥɛɯʀɦɷɭɫɛɱɠɺɝɣɴɠɪɩɝɣɨɨɩɬɪɫɣɤɧɛɭɣɬɷ

ɺɥɪɩɝɨʀɬɭɹɨɩɫɧɛɦɷɨɠ

ǲȳȟȠȎȐȎțțȭȢȳșȪȠȞȎ

ɓɨɛɞɿɫɬɚɬɢɮɿɥɶɬɪɡɞɟɪɠɚɤɚɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɩɨɜɟɪɧɿɬɶɮɿɥɶɬɪɩɪɨɬɢɝɨɞɢɧɧɢɤɨɜɨʀɫɬɪɿɥɤɢɊɢɫȾɿɫɬɚɧɶɬɟ

ɮɿɥɶɬɪ

ȂȡțȘȤȳȭȎȐȠȜȚȎȠȖȥțȜȑȜȐȖȚȘțȓțțȭ

ɐɹɤɚɜɨɦɚɲɢɧɚɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɚɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɸɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɧɨɝɨɜɢɦɤɧɟɧɧɹɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨɞɨɧɨɜɢɯɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɿɜɭɫɮɟɪɿ

ɟɧɟɪɝɨɡɛɟɪɟɠɟɧɧɹ əɤɳɨ ɦɚɲɢɧɚ ɜɜɿɦɤɧɟɧɚ ɚɥɟ ɧɟ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɡɧɨ ɱɟɪɟɡ  ɯɜɢɥɢɧ

ɫɩɪɚɰɸɽɮɭɧɤɰɿɹɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɧɨɝɨɜɢɦɤɧɟɧɧɹɓɨɛɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɬɢɧɨɜɭɤɚɜɭɡɧɚɞɨɛɢɬɶɫɹɡɧɨɜɭɭɜɿɦɤɧɭɬɢ

ɦɚɲɢɧɭɧɚɬɢɫɧɭɜɲɢɤɧɨɩɤɭɜɜɿɦɤɧɟɧɧɹ ɓɨɛɩɨɞɚɬɢɤɚɜɭɞɨɱɟɤɚɣɬɟɫɹɩɨɤɢɿɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɤɧɨɩɤɢ

ɩɨɞɚɱɿɤɚɜɢ ɩɨɱɧɟɝɨɪɿɬɢɛɟɡɩɟɪɟɪɜɧɨ

120

ǻȎȝȜȐțȓțțȭȏȎȘȡȒșȭȐȜȒȖȝȳȒȥȎȟȐȖȘȜȞȖȟȠȎțțȭ

Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɽɬɶɫɹɡɚɜɠɞɢɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɸɜɚɬɢɪɿɜɟɧɶɜɨɞɢɭɛɚɤɭəɤɳɨɭɛɚɤɭɧɟɡɚɥɢɲɢɬɶɫɹɜɨɞɢɡɹɜɢɬɶɫɹ

ɜɿɛɪɚɰɿɹɿɫɢɥɶɧɢɣɲɭɦ

ȼɢɦɤɧɿɬɶ ɩɪɢɥɚɞ ɿ ɜɿɞɽɞɧɚɣɬɟ ɜɢɥɤɭ ɜɿɞ ɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɨʀ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ ɇɚɩɨɜɧɿɬɶ ɛɚɤ ɞɨ ɜɤɚɡɚɧɨɝɨ ɪɿɜɧɹ ɿ

ɭɜɿɦɤɧɿɬɶɩɪɢɥɚɞ

ǽǾǶǱǼȀȁǰǮǻǻȍǸǮǽȁȅǥǻǼ

ɉɪɢɝɨɬɭɣɬɟ ɤɚɜɭ ɉɟɪɟɞ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɦ ɬɪɭɛɤɢ ɩɚɪɢ ɞɥɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɿʀ ɩɚɪɢ ɩɟɪɟɤɨɧɚɣɬɟɫɹ ɳɨ ɞɟɪɠɚɤ

ɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɡɧɹɬɢɣɡɣɨɝɨɝɧɿɡɞɚ

ɓɨɛ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɬɢ ɤɚɩɭɱɿɧɨ ɝɚɪɹɱɢɣ ɲɨɤɨɥɚɞ ɚɛɨ ɧɚɝɪɿɬɢ ɛɭɞɶɹɤɢɣ ɿɧɲɢɣ ɧɚɩɿɣ ɧɚɬɢɫɧɿɬɶ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ

ɮɭɧɤɰɿʀɩɚɪɢ ɳɨɛɚɤɬɢɜɭɜɚɬɢɮɭɧɤɰɿɸɩɚɪɢɊɢɫ

ȱɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɤɧɨɩɤɢɮɭɧɤɰɿʀɩɚɪɢɩɨɱɧɟɛɥɢɦɚɬɢ

ɜɤɚɡɭɸɱɢɧɚɬɟɳɨɜɧɭɬɪɿɲɧɿɣɛɨɣɥɟɪɩɨɱɢɧɚɽɧɚɝɪɿɜɚɬɢɫɹ

ɚɥɴɩɨɛ ɠɭɛɪʀ ɩɲʀɥɮɝɛɨɨɺ ɪɛɫɣ ɝɣɨɣɥɛɹɭɷ ɨɠɢɨɛɲɨʀ ɝɣɥɣɟɣɪɛɫɣ ɢ ɞɨʀɢɟɛ ɮɬɭɛɨɩɝɥɣ ɟɠɫɡɛɥɛ

ɯʀɦɷɭɫɛɱɠɺɝɣɴɠɪɩɝɣɨɨɩɬɪɫɣɤɧɛɭɣɬɷɺɥɪɩɝɨʀɬɭɹɨɩɫɧɛɦɷɨɠ

ȼɫɬɚɜɬɟɬɪɭɛɤɭɩɚɪɢɜɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɭɽɦɤɨɫɬɿɡɦɨɥɨɤɨɦɞɥɹɫɩɿɧɸɜɚɧɧɹɊɢɫ



ȁȐȎȑȎ

ɇɟɛɟɡɩɟɤɚɨɩɿɤɿɜȻɟɪɿɬɶɬɪɭɛɤɭɩɚɪɢɬɿɥɶɤɢɡɚɝɭɦɨɜɭɱɚɫɬɢɧɭ

Ʉɨɥɢɿɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɤɧɨɩɤɢɮɭɧɤɰɿʀɩɚɪɢ

 

ɩɨɱɧɟɝɨɪɿɬɢɛɟɡɩɟɪɟɪɜɧɨɧɚɬɢɫɧɿɬɶɤɧɨɩɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɿɩɚɪɢ4ɳɨɛ

ɡɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɢɩɪɨɰɟɫɩɨɞɚɱɿɊɢɫ

Ɂɚɧɭɪɬɟɬɪɭɛɤɭɩɚɪɢɭɦɨɥɨɤɨɞɨɞɧɚɇɚɬɢɫɧɿɬɶɤɧɨɩɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɿɩɚɪɢ4ɡɚɞɟɤɿɥɶɤɚɫɟɤɭɧɞɡ¶ɹɜɢɬɶɫɹ

ɝɭɫɬɚɿɤɨɧɫɢɫɬɟɧɬɧɚɩɿɧɤɚ

ɓɨɛɩɟɪɟɪɜɚɬɢɩɨɞɚɱɭɩɚɪɢɜɿɞɩɭɫɬɿɬɶɤɧɨɩɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɿɩɚɪɢ4

Ɋʀɬɦɺɥɩɡɨɩɞɩɝɣɥɩɫɣɬɭɛɨɨɺɝɣɥɩɨɮɤɭɠɪɩɟɛɲɮɪɛɫɣɭɫɣɝɛɦʀɬɭɹɟɠɥʀɦɷɥɛɬɠɥɮɨɟɴɩɜɢɝʀɦɷɨɣɭɣ

ɩɭɝʀɫɯɩɫɬɮɨɥɣɪɛɫɣɝʀɟɧɩɡɦɣɝɣɰɢɛɦɣɳɥʀɝɧɩɦɩɥɛ

ɓɨɛɜɢɦɤɧɭɬɢɮɭɧɤɰɿɸɩɚɪɢɡɧɨɜɭɧɚɬɢɫɧɿɬɶɤɧɨɩɤɭɮɭɧɤɰɿʀɩɚɪɢ

Ɇɚɲɢɧɚɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɧɨɩɟɪɟɣɞɟ

ɞɨɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɢɯɭɦɨɜɞɥɹɩɨɞɚɱɿɤɚɜɢ

ǽǼǰȀǼǾǻǳǰǶǸǼǾǶǿȀǮǻǻȍǲǹȍǸǮǰǶ

ɓɨɛɩɟɪɟɣɬɢɜɿɞɩɨɞɚɱɿɩɚɪɢɞɨɩɨɞɚɱɿɤɚɜɢɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɨɨɯɨɥɨɞɢɬɢɛɨɣɥɟɪ

ɉɨɫɬɚɜɬɟɽɦɤɿɫɬɶɩɿɞɬɪɭɛɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɿɩɚɪɢɊɢɫ

ɇɚɬɢɫɧɿɬɶɤɧɨɩɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɿ ɤɚɜɢ   ɿ ɭɬɪɢɦɭɣɬɟ ɧɚɬɢɫɧɟɧɨɸɤɧɨɩɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɿ ɩɚɪɢ 4 ɳɨɛ ɜɢɩɭɫɬɢɬɢ

ɡɚɥɢɲɤɢɩɚɪɢɿɨɯɨɥɨɞɢɬɢɛɨɣɥɟɪ

Ⱦɨɱɟɤɚɣɬɟɫɹɩɨɤɢɡɬɪɭɛɤɢɩɚɪɢɩɨɱɧɟɜɢɯɨɞɢɬɢɜɨɞɚ

Ⱦɨɱɟɤɚɣɬɟɫɹɩɨɤɢɿɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ɤɧɨɩɤɢɩɨɞɚɱɿɤɚɜɢ ɩɨɱɧɟɝɨɪɿɬɢɛɟɡɩɟɪɟɪɜɧɨɩɟɪɲɧɿɠɝɨɬɭɜɚɬɢ

ɤɚɜɭ

ǸǼǾǶǿǻǥǽǼǾǮǲǶǲǹȍǽǾǶǱǼȀȁǰǮǻǻȍǿǺǮȅǻǼǱǼǳǿǽǾǳǿǼǽǼ

ǥȀǮǹǥǷǿȊǸǶ

ɋɬɭɩɿɧɶ ɩɨɦɟɥɭ ɤɿɥɶɤɿɫɬɶ ɦɟɥɟɧɨʀ ɤɚɜɢ ɫɩɪɟɫɨɜɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɤɚɜɢ ɭ ɞɟɪɠɚɤɭ ɮɿɥɶɬɪɚ ɿ ɬɪɢɜɚɥɿɫɬɶ ɩɨɞɚɱɿ

ɜɨɞɢɜɩɥɢɜɚɸɬɶɧɚɫɢɥɭɫɦɚɤɭɤɚɜɢɿɹɤɿɫɬɶɤɪɟɦɨɜɨʀɩɿɧɤɢȼɢɦɨɠɟɬɟɫɩɪɨɛɭɜɚɬɢɡɦɿɧɸɜɚɬɢɨɞɢɧɚɛɨ

ɞɟɤɿɥɶɤɚɿɡɰɢɯɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɿɜɳɨɛɡɧɚɣɬɢɿɞɟɚɥɶɧɟɧɚɥɚɲɬɭɜɚɧɧɹɳɨɡɚɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɹɽɜɚɲɫɦɚɤ

əɤɳɨɜɢɨɛɢɪɚɽɬɟɛɿɥɶɲɦɿɥɤɢɣɩɨɦɟɥɩɚɦ¶ɹɬɚɣɬɟɩɪɨɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɿɫɬɶɡɛɿɥɶɲɢɬɢɤɿɥɶɤɿɫɬɶɦɟɥɟɧɨʀɤɚɜɢɭ

ɞɟɪɠɚɤɭɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɿɫɥɚɛɲɟɫɩɪɟɫɨɜɭɜɚɬɢɤɚɜɭɬɟɦɩɟɪɨɦɿɧɚɤɲɟɤɚɜɚɦɨɠɟɛɭɬɢɜɨɞɹɧɢɫɬɨɸȱɧɚɜɩɚɤɢ

ɹɤɳɨɩɨɦɟɥɝɪɭɛɢɣɡɦɟɧɲɿɬɶɤɿɥɶɤɿɫɬɶɦɟɥɟɧɨʀɤɚɜɢɭɞɟɪɠɚɤɭɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɬɚɫɢɥɶɧɿɲɟɫɩɪɟɫɨɜɭɣɬɟɤɚɜɭ

ɬɟɦɩɟɪɨɦ

Ɇɟɥɟɧɭɤɚɜɭɭɞɟɪɠɚɤɭɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɩɨɬɪɿɛɧɨɡɥɟɝɤɚɫɩɪɟɫɭɜɚɬɢ

Ɂɛɟɪɿɝɚɣɬɟɤɚɜɭɜɡɟɪɧɚɯɭɡɚɤɪɢɬɿɣɛɚɧɰɿɭɩɪɨɯɨɥɨɞɧɨɦɭɦɿɫɰɿɡɧɢɡɶɤɨɸɜɨɥɨɝɿɫɬɸəɤɳɨɰɟɦɨɠɥɢɜɨ

ɡɛɟɪɿɝɚɣɬɟ ɤɚɜɭ ɭ ɜɚɤɭɭɦɿ Ʉɭɩɥɹɣɬɟ ɤɚɜɭ ɭ ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɢɯ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɚɯ ɳɨɛ ɡɚɜɠɞɢ ɦɚɬɢ ɫɜɿɠɭ ɤɚɜɭ ɞɥɹ

ɩɨɦɟɥɭ

121

ȀǳȃǻǥȅǻǳǼǯǿǹȁǱǼǰȁǰǮǻǻȍǽǾǶǹǮǲȁ

ǾȜȕȏșȜȘȡȐȎțțȭȘȎȐȜȚȜșȘȖ

ɍɜɢɩɚɞɤɭɛɥɨɤɭɜɚɧɧɹɤɚɜɨɦɨɥɤɢ ɤɧɨɩɤɚ ɜɜɿɦɤɧɟɧɧɹ ɩɨɱɧɟɛɥɢɦɚɬɢɡɿɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɨɦɜ ɫɟɤɭɧɞɭ

ɉɪɢɱɢɧɨɸ ɛɥɨɤɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɦɨɠɭɬɶ ɛɭɬɢ ɡɚɛɪɭɞɧɟɧɧɹ ɫɟɪɟɞ ɤɚɜɨɜɢɯ ɡɟɪɟɧ ɲɤɚɪɚɥɭɩɚ ɚɛɨ ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɿ

ɤɚɦɿɧɱɢɤɢɳɨɡɚɛɥɨɤɭɜɚɥɢɠɨɪɧɚ

ɋɩɨɪɨɠɧɿɬɶɞɟɪɠɚɤɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɜɿɞɡɚɥɢɲɤɿɜɦɟɥɟɧɨʀɤɚɜɢ

ɇɚɬɢɫɧɿɬɶɜɧɢɡɜɚɠɿɥɶɪɨɡɛɥɨɤɭɜɚɧɧɹ2ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɚɞɥɹɤɚɜɢɜɡɟɪɧɚɯ

ɉɨɜɟɪɧɿɬɶɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɞɥɹɤɚɜɢɜɡɟɪɧɚɯ0ɭɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɹɜɹɤɨɦɭɫɢɦɜɨɥɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɣɧɚɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɿ

ɡɛɿɝɚɽɬɶɫɹɿɡɫɢɦɜɨɥɨɦɧɚɦɚɲɢɧɿɊɢɫɁɚɫɦɿɱɟɧɧɹɳɨɡɚɛɥɨɤɭɜɚɥɢɠɨɪɧɚɜɢɩɚɞɭɬɶɭɤɚɧɚɥɞɥɹ

ɦɟɥɟɧɨʀɤɚɜɢ

ɤɚɜɨɦɨɥɤɨɸɉɪɢɬɢɫɧɿɬɶɞɟɪɠɚɤɮɿɥɶɬɪɚ)ɞɨɨɩɨɪɢɳɨɩɿɞɤɚɜɨɦɨɥɤɨɸ

Ⱦɨɱɟɤɚɣɬɟɫɹɜɢɯɨɞɭɦɟɥɟɧɨʀɤɚɜɢɡɞɟɪɠɚɤɚɮɿɥɶɬɪɚȼɢɤɢɧɶɬɟɦɟɥɟɧɭɤɚɜɭɳɨɛɥɿɤɜɿɞɭɜɚɬɢɡɚɫɦɿɱɟɧɧɹ

ȼɫɬɚɧɨɜɿɬɶɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɢɣɫɬɭɩɿɧɶɩɨɦɟɥɭ

ɉɪɨɞɨɜɠɿɬɶɩɪɢɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹɤɚɜɢ

əɤɳɨɩɿɫɥɹɬɪɶɨɯɩɨɫɥɿɞɨɜɧɢɯɫɩɪɨɛɤɚɜɨɦɨɥɤɚɧɟɡɚɩɭɫɤɚɽɬɶɫɹɬɚɡɚɥɢɲɚɽɬɶɫɹɡɚɛɥɨɤɨɜɚɧɨɸɤɧɨɩɤɢ



,  ɿ ɩɨɱɧɭɬɶɲɜɢɞɤɨɛɥɢɦɚɬɢ

ɍɬɚɤɨɦɭɜɢɩɚɞɤɭɡɜɟɪɧɿɬɶɫɹɞɨɧɚɣɛɥɢɠɱɨɝɨɚɜɬɨɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɨɝɨɫɟɪɜɿɫɧɨɝɨɰɟɧɬɪɭ

ȅǶǿȀǸǮǽǾǶǹǮǲȁ

ȁȐȎȑȎ

Ɋɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɢɣɞɨɝɥɹɞɿɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɞɨɩɨɦɚɝɚɸɬɶɩɿɞɬɪɢɦɭɜɚɬɢɩɪɚɰɟɡɞɚɬɧɿɫɬɶɩɪɢɥɚɞɭɿ ɩɨɞɨɜɠɭɸɬɶ

ɣɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɨɤ ɫɥɭɠɛɢ Ɂɚɛɨɪɨɧɹɽɬɶɫɹ ɦɢɬɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɢ ɩɪɢɥɚɞɭ ɭ ɩɨɫɭɞɨɦɢɣɧɿɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɿ ɇɟ

ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɣɬɟɩɪɹɦɿɫɬɪɭɦɢɜɨɞɢ

ȅȖȟȠȘȎȢȳșȪȠȞȎȒșȭȚȓșȓțȜȴȘȎȐȖ

ɉɟɪɟɤɨɧɚɣɬɟɫɹ ɳɨ ɨɬɜɨɪɢ ɧɟ ɡɚɫɦɿɱɟɧɿ ȼɢɤɨɧɚɣɬɟ ɩɨɞɚɱɭ ɝɚɪɹɱɨʀ ɜɨɞɢ ɡ ɜɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɦ ɞɟɪɠɚɤɨɦ

ɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɚɥɟɛɟɡɦɟɥɟɧɨʀɤɚɜɢɳɨɛɪɨɡɱɢɧɢɬɢɚɛɨɜɢɞɚɥɢɬɢɦɨɠɥɢɜɿɡɚɥɢɲɤɢɤɚɜɢɚɛɨɛɪɭɞɭ

ȁȐȎȑȎ

ɉɨɜɿɥɶɧɨɜɿɞɽɞɧɚɣɬɟɿɡɧɿɦɿɬɶɞɟɪɠɚɤɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɨɫɤɿɥɶɤɢɡɚɥɢɲɤɨɜɢɣɬɢɫɤɦɨɠɟɫɩɪɢɱɢɧɢɬɢɛɪɢɡɤɢ

Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɽɬɶɫɹɤɨɠɧɿɦɿɫɹɰɿɪɟɬɟɥɶɧɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɢɮɿɥɶɬɪɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɸɱɢɧɚɹɜɧɿɭɩɪɨɞɚɠɭɬɚɛɥɟɬɤɢ

ɞɥɹɱɢɫɬɤɢɮɿɥɶɬɪɿɜɬɚɞɿɸɱɢɧɚɫɬɭɩɧɢɦɱɢɧɨɦ

 ɉɨɤɥɚɞɿɬɶɨɞɧɭɬɚɛɥɟɬɤɭɦɢɸɱɨɝɨɡɚɫɨɛɭɭɮɿɥɶɬɪɛɟɡɤɚɜɢɤɨɥɢɦɚɲɢɧɚɞɨɛɪɟɧɚɝɪɿɬɚɦɿɧɿɦɭɦ

ɩɿɫɥɹɯɜɢɥɢɧɧɚɝɪɿɜɭ

 ɉɪɢɽɞɧɚɣɬɟɞɟɪɠɚɤɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɞɨɦɚɲɢɧɢɿɩɨɫɬɚɜɬɟɽɦɤɿɫɬɶɩɿɞɞɟɪɠɚɤɮɿɥɶɬɪɚ

 ɇɚɬɢɫɧɿɬɶɤɧɨɩɤɭɩɨɞɚɱɿɤɚɜɢ ɳɨɛɡɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɢɩɨɞɚɱɭɤɚɜɢ

 Ɂɭɩɢɧɿɬɶ ɩɨɞɚɱɭ ɿ ɡɚɥɢɲɬɟ ɬɚɛɥɟɬɤɭ ɩɨɞɿɹɬɢ ɦɿɧɿɦɭɦ ɧɚ  ɯɜɢɥɢɧ ɡɛɟɪɿɝɚɸɱɢ ɞɟɪɠɚɤ ɮɿɥɶɬɪɚ

ɜɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɦɭɦɚɲɢɧɭ

 ɉɨɜɬɨɪɿɬɶɨɩɟɪɚɰɿɸɩɨɞɚɱɿɜɨɞɢɁɚɥɢɲɬɟɭɫɬɚɧɿɫɩɨɤɨɸɧɚɫɟɤɭɧɞɉɨɜɬɨɪɸɣɬɟɨɩɟɪɚɰɿʀɞɨ

ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɞɜɨɯɛɚɤɿɜɜɨɞɢ

 Ɂɧɿɦɿɬɶɞɟɪɠɚɤɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɡɦɚɲɢɧɢɞɿɫɬɚɧɶɬɟɮɿɥɶɬɪɿɞɨɛɪɟɩɪɨɦɢɣɬɟɣɨɝɨɩɿɞɩɪɨɬɨɱɧɨɸɜɨɞɨɸ

 ȼɢɦɤɧɿɬɶɦɚɲɢɧɭɜɿɞɽɞɧɚɣɬɟɤɚɛɟɥɶɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹɜɿɞɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɨʀɪɨɡɟɬɤɢɿɩɨɱɢɫɬɿɬɶɝɚɧɱɿɪɤɨɸɝɧɿɡɞɨ

ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢɞɟɪɠɚɤɚɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɊɢɫɳɨɛɜɢɞɚɥɢɬɢɦɨɠɥɢɜɿɡɚɥɢɲɤɢɦɢɸɱɨɝɨɡɚɫɨɛɭ

 ɍɜɿɦɤɧɿɬɶɦɚɲɢɧɭɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɿɬɶɞɟɪɠɚɤɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɿɩɨɞɚɣɬɟɳɟɦɿɧɿɦɭɦɱɚɲɤɢɜɨɞɢɳɨɛɡɚɜɟɪɲɢɬɢ

ɩɪɨɦɢɜɚɧɧɹ

əɤɳɨ ɤɚɜɨɦɚɲɢɧɚ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɳɨɞɟɧɧɨ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɢ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɿʀ ɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɦɿɧɿɦɭɦ

ɤɨɠɧɿɬɪɢɦɿɫɹɰɿ

122

ȅȖȟȠȘȎȘȜȚȝȜțȓțȠȳȐ

ȁȐȎȑȎ

Ɉɩɟɪɚɰɿɹɱɢɫɬɤɢɩɨɜɢɧɧɚɜɢɤɨɧɭɜɚɬɢɫɹɡɜɢɦɤɧɟɧɢɦɩɪɢɥɚɞɨɦɬɚɜɿɞɽɞɧɚɧɨɸɜɢɥɤɨɸɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹ

ɜɿɞɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɨʀɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ

ȁȐȎȑȎ

Ɉɩɟɪɚɰɿɹ ɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɩɨɜɢɧɧɚ ɜɢɤɨɧɭɜɚɬɢɫɹ ɤɨɥɢ ɩɪɢɥɚɞ ɞɨɫɹɝɧɭɜ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɢ ɧɚɜɤɨɥɢɲɧɶɨɝɨ

ɫɟɪɟɞɨɜɢɳɚ

ɉɨɦɢɣɬɟɛɚɤɞɥɹɜɨɞɢɞɟɪɠɚɤɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɿɮɿɥɶɬɪɭɜɨɞɿɿɡɦɢɣɧɢɦɡɚɫɨɛɨɦɊɟɬɟɥɶɧɨɩɪɨɦɢɣɬɟɿɜɢɬɪɿɬɶ

ɞɨɫɭɯɚɭɫɿɱɚɫɬɢɧɢ

ȁȐȎȑȎ

ɉɨɱɢɫɬɿɬɶ ɧɟɪɭɯɨɦɿ ɱɚɫɬɢɧɢ ɦɚɲɢɧɢ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɸɱɢ ɧɟɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɭ ɜɨɥɨɝɭ ɝɚɧɱɿɪɤɭ ɳɨɛ ɧɟ

ɩɨɲɤɨɞɢɬɢɤɨɪɩɭɫ

ȅȖȟȠȘȎȑțȳȕȒȎȒȓȞȔȎȘȎȢȳșȪȠȞȎ

ɍɯɨɞɿɤɨɪɢɫɬɭɜɚɧɧɹɭɝɧɿɡɞɿɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢɞɟɪɠɚɤɚɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɦɨɠɭɬɶɡɹɜɢɬɢɫɹɜɿɞɤɥɚɞɟɧɧɹɤɚɜɨɜɨʀɝɭɳɿ

ɹɤɿɦɨɠɧɚɜɢɞɚɥɢɬɢɡɚɞɨɩɨɦɨɝɨɸɡɭɛɨɱɢɫɬɤɢɝɭɛɤɢɊɢɫɚɛɨɩɪɨɩɭɫɬɢɜɲɢɜɨɞɭɧɟɜɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɱɢ

ɞɟɪɠɚɤɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɊɢɫ

ȁȐȎȑȎ

ɇɟɦɢɣɬɟɞɟɪɠɚɤɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɭɩɨɫɭɞɨɦɢɣɧɿɣɦɚɲɢɧɿ

ȅȖȟȠȘȎȠȞȡȏȘȖȝȎȞȖ

ɉɿɫɥɹɤɨɠɧɨɝɨɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɜɢɤɨɧɭɣɬɟɩɨɞɚɱɭɩɚɪɢɬɪɢɜɚɥɿɫɬɸɞɟɤɿɥɶɤɚɫɟɤɭɧɞɳɨɛɡɜɿɥɶɧɢɬɢɨɬɜɿɪ

ɜɿɞɦɨɠɥɢɜɢɯɡɚɥɢɲɤɿɜ

ȁȐȎȑȎ

ȼɢɤɨɧɭɣɬɟɰɸɨɩɟɪɚɰɿɸɤɨɥɢɯɪɨɦɨɜɚɧɚɬɪɭɛɤɚɯɨɥɨɞɧɚɳɨɛɭɧɢɤɧɭɬɢɨɩɿɤɿɜ

əɤɳɨɩɨɬɪɿɛɧɨɜɿɞɤɪɭɬɿɬɶɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɭɩɚɪɢɡɬɪɭɛɤɢɊɢɫɿɩɪɨɦɢɣɬɟʀʀɩɿɞɩɪɨɬɨɱɧɨɸɜɨɞɨɸɌɪɭɛɤɭ

ɦɨɠɧɚ ɱɢɫɬɢɬɢ ɧɟɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɨɸ ɝɚɧɱɿɪɤɨɸ ɇɚɤɪɭɬɿɬɶ ɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɭ ɩɚɪɢ ɞɨ ɤɿɧɰɹ ɯɨɞɭ əɤɳɨ ɩɨɬɪɿɛɧɨ

ɩɨɱɢɫɬɿɬɶɛɭɥɚɜɤɨɸɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɢɣɨɬɜɿɪɜɢɯɨɞɭɩɚɪɢɊɢɫ

ȅȖȟȠȘȎȞȓȦȳȠȘȖȳȝȳȒȒȜțȡȒșȭȘȞȎȝȓșȪ

ȁȐȎȑȎ

Ɉɩɟɪɚɰɿɹɱɢɫɬɤɢɩɨɜɢɧɧɚɜɢɤɨɧɭɜɚɬɢɫɹɡɜɢɦɤɧɟɧɢɦɩɪɢɥɚɞɨɦɬɚɜɿɞɽɞɧɚɧɨɸɜɢɥɤɨɸɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹ

ɜɿɞɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɨʀɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ

ȁȐȎȑȎ

Ɉɩɟɪɚɰɿɹ ɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɩɨɜɢɧɧɚ ɜɢɤɨɧɭɜɚɬɢɫɹ ɤɨɥɢ ɩɪɢɥɚɞ ɞɨɫɹɝɧɭɜ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɢ ɧɚɜɤɨɥɢɲɧɶɨɝɨ

ɫɟɪɟɞɨɜɢɳɚ

ɉɚɦɹɬɚɣɬɟɩɪɨɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɿɫɬɶɩɟɪɿɨɞɢɱɧɨɫɩɨɪɨɠɧɸɜɚɬɢɩɿɞɞɨɧɞɥɹɤɪɚɩɟɥɶ

Ɂɧɿɦɿɬɶɪɟɲɿɬɤɭɩɿɞɫɬɚɜɤɭɞɥɹɱɚɲɨɤ-

Ɂɧɿɦɿɬɶɩɿɞɞɨɧɞɥɹɤɪɚɩɟɥɶ.ɡɦɚɲɢɧɢɫɩɨɪɨɠɧɿɬɶɣɨɝɨɿɩɪɨɦɢɣɬɟɩɿɞɩɪɨɬɨɱɧɨɸɜɨɞɨɸ

Ɍɚɤɨɠɩɪɨɦɢɣɬɟɪɟɲɿɬɤɭɩɿɞɫɬɚɜɤɭɞɥɹɱɚɲɨɤ

123

ǰǶǲǮǹǳǻǻȍǻǮǽǶǸȁ

Ɋɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɢɣɞɨɝɥɹɞɿɱɢɫɬɤɢɞɨɩɨɦɚɝɚɸɬɶɩɿɞɬɪɢɦɭɜɚɬɢɦɚɲɢɧɭɭɪɨɛɨɱɨɦɭɫɬɚɧɿɿɩɨɞɨɜɠɭɸɬɶɫɬɪɨɤʀʀ

ɫɥɭɠɛɢɡɧɚɱɧɨɡɧɢɠɭɸɱɢɪɢɡɢɤɮɨɪɦɭɜɚɧɧɹɧɚɤɢɩɭɭɩɪɢɫɬɪɨʀəɤɳɨɩɨɩɪɢɜɫɿɡɚɯɨɞɢɡɞɨɝɥɹɞɭɱɟɪɟɡ

ɩɟɜɧɢɣɱɚɫɪɨɛɨɬɚɩɪɢɫɬɪɨɸɨɩɢɧɢɬɶɫɹɩɿɞɡɚɝɪɨɡɨɸɱɟɪɟɡɱɚɫɬɟɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɠɨɪɫɬɤɨʀɚɛɨɜɚɩɧɢɫɬɨʀ

ɜɨɞɢɦɨɠɧɚɜɢɤɨɧɚɬɢɜɢɞɚɥɟɧɧɹɧɚɤɢɩɭɡɦɚɲɢɧɢɳɨɛɭɫɭɧɭɬɢɧɟɫɩɪɚɜɧɿɫɬɶȼɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɣɬɟɞɥɹɰɿɽʀ

ɦɟɬɢɡɚɫɿɛɞɥɹɜɢɞɚɥɟɧɧɹɧɚɤɢɩɭɧɚɨɫɧɨɜɿɥɢɦɨɧɧɨʀɤɢɫɥɨɬɢɐɟɣɡɚɫɿɛɦɨɠɧɚɩɪɢɞɛɚɬɢɭɰɟɧɬɪɚɯ

ɬɟɯɧɿɱɧɨɝɨɨɛɫɥɭɝɨɜɭɜɚɧɧɹȼɢɪɨɛɧɢɤɧɟɧɟɫɟɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɥɶɧɿɫɬɶɡɚɩɨɲɤɨɞɠɟɧɧɹɜɧɭɬɪɿɲɧɿɯɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɿɜ

ɩɪɢɫɬɪɨɸɳɨɫɩɪɢɱɢɧɟɧɿɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɦɧɟɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɢɯɡɚɫɨɛɿɜɡɩɪɢɱɢɧɢɩɪɢɫɭɬɧɨɫɬɿɯɿɦɿɱɧɢɯɞɨɛɚɜɨɤ

ɍɜɢɩɚɞɤɭɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɨɫɬɿɜɢɞɚɥɟɧɧɹɧɚɤɢɩɭɞɨɬɪɢɦɭɣɬɟɫɶɜɤɚɡɿɜɨɤɳɨɜɢɤɥɚɞɟɧɿɜɿɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿʀɞɨɡɚɫɨɛɭ

ɞɥɹɜɢɞɚɥɟɧɧɹɧɚɤɢɩɭ

ǰǶǰǥǲǵǳǸǿǽǹȁǮȀǮȄǥǦ

ɍɪɚɡɿɜɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɹɩɪɢɥɚɞɭɡɟɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɿʀɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɨɜɿɞ¶ɽɞɧɚɬɢɜɢɥɤɭɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹɜɿɞɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɨʀɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ

ɫɩɨɪɨɠɧɢɬɢɛɚɤɞɥɹɜɨɞɢɫɩɨɪɨɠɧɢɬɢɿɩɪɨɦɢɬɢɩɿɞɞɨɧɞɥɹɤɪɚɩɟɥɶɞɢɜɩɚɪɚɝɪɚɮ³ɑɢɫɬɤɚɩɪɢɥɚɞɭ´

ɍɜɢɩɚɞɤɭɭɬɢɥɿɡɚɰɿʀɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɨɡɚɛɟɡɩɟɱɢɬɢɪɨɡɞɿɥɟɧɧɹɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɿɜɹɤɿɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɜɚɥɢɫɹɭɜɢɪɨɛɧɢɰɬɜɿ

ɦɚɲɢɧɢɬɚʀɯɩɟɪɟɪɨɛɤɭɡɚɥɟɠɧɨɜɿɞʀɯɫɤɥɚɞɭɬɚɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɶɡɚɤɨɧɿɜɳɨɞɿɸɬɶɭɄɪɚʀɧɿɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹ

ǰǸǮǵǥǰǸǶǲǹȍȁǿȁǻǳǻǻȍǻǳǿǽǾǮǰǻǼǿȀǳǷ

ȁȐȎȑȎ

ɍɜɢɩɚɞɤɭɧɟɩɨɥɚɞɨɤɭɪɨɛɨɬɿɧɟɝɚɣɧɨɜɢɦɤɧɿɬɶɩɪɢɥɚɞɿɞɿɫɬɚɧɶɬɟɜɢɥɤɭɡɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɨʀɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ

ɉɊɈȻɅȿɆɂ ɉɊɂɑɂɇɂ ȼɂɊȱɒȿɇɇə

Ɇɚɲɢɧɚɧɟ

ɩɨɞɚɽɩɚɪɭ

Ɇɚɥɚɤɿɥɶɤɿɫɬɶɜɨɞɢɿɧɚɫɨɫ

ɧɟɜɫɦɨɤɬɭɽ

ɉɟɪɟɤɨɧɚɣɬɟɫɶɳɨɛɚɤɜɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɣɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɿɭ

ɧɶɨɦɭɧɚɥɟɠɧɢɣɪɿɜɟɧɶɜɨɞɢ

ɇɚɩɨɜɧɿɬɶɛɚɤɫɜɿɠɨɸɩɢɬɧɨɸɜɨɞɨɸɞɨɪɿɜɧɹ

³0$;´

Ɉɬɜɿɪɜɢɯɨɞɭɩɚɪɢ

ɡɚɫɦɿɱɟɧɢɣ

ɉɪɨɱɢɫɬɿɬɶɛɭɥɚɜɤɨɸɡɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɭɦɨɠɥɢɜɿɜɚɩɧɹɧɿ

ɡɚɫɦɿɱɟɧɧɹɳɨɭɬɜɨɪɢɥɢɫɹɭɨɬɜɨɪɚɯɬɪɭɛɤɢɩɚɪɢ

Ʉɚɜɚɡɚɧɚɞɬɨ

ɜɨɞɹɧɢɫɬɚɿ

ɯɨɥɨɞɧɚ

ɋɭɦɿɲɡɦɟɥɟɧɚɡɚɧɚɞɬɨ

ɝɪɭɛɨ

ɓɨɛɨɬɪɢɦɚɬɢɛɿɥɶɲɧɚɫɢɱɟɧɭɿɝɚɪɹɱɭɤɚɜɭɫɥɿɞ

ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɜɚɬɢɫɭɦɿɲɛɿɥɶɲɦɿɥɤɨɝɨɩɨɦɟɥɭ

Ʉɚɜɨɦɨɥɤɚ

ɡɚɛɥɨɤɨɜɚɧɚ

Ɇɨɠɥɢɜɚɩɪɢɫɭɬɧɿɫɬɶ

ɡɚɛɪɭɞɧɟɧɶɫɟɪɟɞɤɚɜɨɜɢɯ

ɡɟɪɟɧ

Ⱦɢɜɩɚɪɚɝɪɚɮ³Ɋɨɡɛɥɨɤɭɜɚɧɧɹɤɚɜɨɦɨɥɤɢ´

124

ɉɊɈȻɅȿɆɂ ɉɊɂɑɂɇɂ ȼɂɊȱɒȿɇɇə

Ʉɚɜɚɜɢɯɨɞɢɬɶ

ɱɟɪɟɡɤɪɚʀ

ɞɟɪɠɚɤɚ

ɮɿɥɶɬɪɚ

Ƀɦɨɜɿɪɧɨɳɨɭɮɿɥɶɬɪ

ɧɚɫɢɩɚɧɨɧɚɞɦɿɪɧɭɤɿɥɶɤɿɫɬɶ

ɦɟɥɟɧɨʀɤɚɜɢɹɤɚɡɚɜɚɞɢɥɚ

ɩɨɜɧɿɫɬɸɡɚɬɹɝɧɭɬɢɞɟɪɠɚɤ

ɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɭɣɨɝɨɝɧɿɡɞɿ

Ɂɧɿɦɿɬɶɞɟɪɠɚɤɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɿɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɨɩɨɱɢɫɬɿɬɶɝɧɿɡɞɨ

ɡɽɞɧɚɧɧɹɝɭɛɤɨɸɊɢɫɉɨɜɬɨɪɿɬɶɨɩɟɪɚɰɿɸ

ɩɨɤɥɚɜɲɢɭɮɿɥɶɬɪɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɭɤɿɥɶɤɿɫɬɶɤɚɜɢ

ɇɚɭɳɿɥɶɧɸɜɚɱɿɝɧɿɡɞɚ

ɡɽɞɧɚɧɧɹɞɟɪɠɚɤɚɮɿɥɶɬɪɚ

ɡɚɥɢɲɢɥɢɫɶɡɚɥɢɲɤɢ

ɦɟɥɟɧɨʀɤɚɜɢ

ɉɨɜɬɨɪɧɨɩɨɱɢɫɬɿɬɶɭɳɿɥɶɧɸɜɚɱɡɭɛɨɱɢɫɬɤɨɸɚɛɨ

ɝɚɧɱɿɪɤɨɸɊɢɫ

ȼɢɯɿɞɧɢɣɨɬɜɿɪɮɿɥɶɬɪɭɞɥɹ

ɦɟɥɟɧɨʀɤɚɜɢɡɚɫɦɿɱɟɧɢɣ

ɉɨɜɿɥɶɧɨɜɿɞɽɞɧɚɣɬɟɿɡɧɿɦɿɬɶɞɟɪɠɚɤɮɿɥɶɬɪɚ

ɨɫɤɿɥɶɤɢɡɚɥɢɲɤɨɜɢɣɬɢɫɤɦɨɠɟɫɩɪɢɱɢɧɢɬɢɛɪɢɡɤɢ

ɉɪɨɱɢɫɬɿɬɶɡɚɫɦɿɱɟɧɢɣɨɬɜɿɪɛɭɥɚɜɤɨɸɡɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɭ

ɉɪɨɜɟɞɿɬɶɱɢɫɬɤɭɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɸɱɢ

ɬɚɛɥɟɬɤɭɞɥɹɱɢɫɬɤɢɮɿɥɶɬɪɿɜɿɞɨɬɪɢɦɭɸɱɢɫɶ

ɿɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿɣɧɚɭɩɚɤɨɜɰɿ

Ʉɚɜɚɧɟ

ɩɨɞɚɽɬɶɫɹɚɛɨ

ɩɨɞɚɽɬɶɫɹ

ɡɚɧɚɞɬɨ

ɩɨɜɿɥɶɧɨ

Ɉɬɜɨɪɢɩɟɪɮɨɪɨɜɚɧɨɝɨ

ɞɢɫɤɭɹɤɢɣɡɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹɭ

ɝɧɿɡɞɿɡɽɞɧɚɧɧɹɞɟɪɠɚɤɚ

ɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɡɚɫɦɿɱɟɧɿ

ɍɜɿɦɤɧɿɬɶɦɚɲɢɧɭɛɟɡɞɟɪɠɚɤɚɮɿɥɶɬɪɚ

ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚɸɱɢɜɨɞɭəɤɳɨɜɨɞɚɩɪɨɞɨɜɠɭɽɜɢɯɨɞɢɬɢ

ɡɨɬɜɨɪɿɜɧɟɪɿɜɧɨɦɿɪɧɨɩɪɨɜɟɞɿɬɶɨɱɢɫɬɤɭɜɿɞ

ɧɚɤɢɩɭɡɚɞɨɩɨɦɨɝɨɸɡɚɫɨɛɭ$ULHWH12&$/ɹɤɢɣ

ɦɨɠɧɚɩɪɢɞɛɚɬɢɭɫɟɪɜɿɫɧɢɯɰɟɧɬɪɚɯ$ULHWH

ɞɨɬɪɢɦɭɸɱɢɫɶɿɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿɣɧɚɭɩɚɤɨɜɰɿ

ȼɢɯɿɞɧɢɣɨɬɜɿɪɮɿɥɶɬɪɭɞɥɹ

ɦɟɥɟɧɨʀɤɚɜɢɡɚɫɦɿɱɟɧɢɣ

ɉɨɜɿɥɶɧɨɜɿɞɽɞɧɚɣɬɟɿɡɧɿɦɿɬɶɞɟɪɠɚɤɮɿɥɶɬɪɚ

ɨɫɤɿɥɶɤɢɡɚɥɢɲɤɨɜɢɣɬɢɫɤɦɨɠɟɫɩɪɢɱɢɧɢɬɢɛɪɢɡɤɢ

ɉɪɨɱɢɫɬɿɬɶɡɚɫɦɿɱɟɧɢɣɨɬɜɿɪɛɭɥɚɜɤɨɸɡɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɭ

ɉɪɨɜɟɞɿɬɶɱɢɫɬɤɭɮɿɥɶɬɪɚɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɸɱɢ

ɬɚɛɥɟɬɤɭɞɥɹɱɢɫɬɤɢɮɿɥɶɬɪɿɜɿɞɨɬɪɢɦɭɸɱɢɫɶ

ɿɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿɣɧɚɭɩɚɤɨɜɰɿ

Ɂɚɧɚɞɬɨɦɿɥɤɚɫɭɦɿɲ

ɦɟɥɟɧɨʀɤɚɜɢ

ɋɩɪɨɛɭɣɬɟɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɜɚɬɢɤɚɜɨɜɭɫɭɦɿɲɛɿɥɶɲ

ɝɪɭɛɨʀɡɟɪɧɢɫɬɨɫɬɿ

Ɂɚɧɚɞɬɨɫɩɪɟɫɨɜɚɧɚɫɭɦɿɲ

ɤɚɜɢ

ɋɩɪɟɫɨɜɭɣɬɟɤɚɜɭɭɮɿɥɶɬɪɿɡɦɟɧɲɨɸɫɢɥɨɸ

ɇɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɣ

ɛɚɤ

ɉɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɿɬɶɛɚɤɩɪɢɬɢɫɧɭɜɲɢɣɨɝɨɞɨ

ɭɩɨɪɭ

Ɇɚɥɚɤɿɥɶɤɿɫɬɶɜɨɞɢɿɧɚɫɨɫ

ɧɟɜɫɦɨɤɬɭɽ

ɉɟɪɟɤɨɧɚɣɬɟɫɶɳɨɛɚɤɜɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɣɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɿɭ

ɧɶɨɦɭɧɚɥɟɠɧɢɣɪɿɜɟɧɶɜɨɞɢɇɚɩɨɜɧɿɬɶɛɚɤɫɜɿɠɨɸ

ɩɢɬɧɨɸɜɨɞɨɸɞɨɪɿɜɧɹ³0$;´

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sempel:

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ARIETE 1318 Moderna Manual de usuario

Marca: ARIETE

Modelo: 1318 Moderna

Tipo: Manual de usuario

Descargar PDF

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français: ARIETE 1318 Moderna Manuel utilisateur
italiano: ARIETE 1318 Moderna Manuale utente
Deutsch: ARIETE 1318 Moderna Benutzerhandbuch
português: ARIETE 1318 Moderna Manual do usuário

ARIETE 1318 Moderna Manual de usuario

ARIETE 1318 Moderna Manual de usuario

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