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s KX– 580 KX –480 KX– 380 Natural Sound Stereo Cassette Deck OWNER’S MANUAL Í IMPORTANT Please record the serial number of your unit in the space below. Model: Serial No: The serial number is located on the rear of the unit. Retain this Owner’s Manual in a safe place for future reference. 1  Thank you for purchasing the YAMAHA stereo cassette deck. SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS 7 Wall or Ceiling Mounting — The appliance should be CAUTION RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK DO NOT OPEN CAUTION: TO REDUCE THE RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO NOT REMOVE COVER (OR BACK). NO USER-SERVICEABLE PARTS INSIDE. REFER SERVICING TO QUALIFIED SERVICE PERSONNEL. mounted to a wall or ceiling only as recommended by the manufacturer. 8 Ventilation — The appliance should be situated so that its location or position does not interfere with its proper ventilation. For example, the appliance should not be situated on a bed, sofa, rug or similar surfaces that may block the ventilation openings: or placed in a built-in installation, such as a bookcase or cabinet that may impede the flow of air through the ventilation openings. 9 Heat — The appliance should be situated away from ÷ Explanation of Graphical Symbols The lightning flash with arrowhead symbol, within an equilateral triangle, is intended to alert you to the presence of uninsulated “dangerous voltage” within the product's enclosure that may be of sufficient magnitude to constitute a risk of electric shock to persons. The exclamation point within an equilateral triangle is intended to alert you to the presence of important operating heat sources such as radiators, stoves, or other appliances that produce heat. 10 Power Sources — The appliance should be connected to a power supply only of the type described in the operating instructions or as marked on the appliance. 11 Power-Cord Protection — Power-supply cords should be routed so that they are not likely to be walked on or pinched by items placed upon or against them, paying attention to receptacles, and the point where they exit from the appliance. and maintenance (servicing) instructions in the literature accompanying the appliance. 12 Cleaning — The appliance should be cleaned only as recommended by the manufacturer. WARNING To reduce the risk of fire or electric shock, do not expose this appliance to rain or moisture. 13 No Use Periods — The power cord of the appliance should be unplugged from the outlet when left unused for a long period of time. 14 Object and Liquid Entry — Care should be taken so 1 Read Instructions — All the safety and operating instructions should be read before the appliance is operated. 2 Retain Instructions — The safety and operating instructions should be retained for future reference. 3 Heed Warnings — All warnings on the appliance and in the operating instructions should be adhered to. 4 Follow Instructions — All operating and other instructions should be followed. 5 Water and Moisture — The appliance should not be used near water — for example, near a bathtub, washbowl, kitchen sink, laundry tub, in a wet basement, or near swimming pool, etc. 6 Carts and Stands — The appliance should be used only with a cart or stand that is recommended by the manufacturer. 6A An applicance and cart combination should be moved with care. Quick stops, excessive force, and uneven surfaces may cause the appliance and cart combination to overturn. 2 that objects do not fall into and liquids not spilled into the inside of the appliance. 15 Damage Requiring Service — The appliance should be serviced by qualified service personnel when: A. The power-supply cord or the plug has been damaged; or B. Objects have fallen, or liquid has been spilled into the appliance; or C. The appliance has been exposed to rain; or D. The appliance does not appear to operate normally or exhibits a marked change in performance; or E. The appliance has been dropped, or the cabinet damaged. 16 Servicing — The user should not attempt to service the appliance beyond those means described in the operating instructions. All other servicing should be referred to qualified service personnel. 17 Grounding or Polarization — The precautions should be taken so that the grounding or polarization of an appliance is not defeated.  CAUTION: READ THIS BEFORE OPERATING YOUR UNIT. FCC INFORMATION (U.S.A.) 1. IMPORTANT NOTICE: DO NOT MODIFY THIS UNIT! This product, when installed as indicated in the instructions contained in this manual, meets FCC requirements. Modifications not expressly approved by Yamaha may void your authority, granted by the FCC, to use the product. 2. IMPORTANT: When connecting this product to accessories and/or another product use only high quality shielded cables. Cables supplied with this product MUST be used. Follow all installation instructions. Failure to follow instructions could void your FCC authorization to use this product in the USA. 3. NOTE: This product has been tested and found to comply with the requirements listed in FCC Regulations, Part 15 for Class "A" digital devices. Compliance with these requirements provides a reasonable level of assurance that your use of this product, in a commercial environment, will not result in harmful interference with other electronic devices. However, operation of this product in a residential area is likely to cause interference in some form. In this case you, the user, bear the responsibility of correcting this condition. This product generates/uses radio frequencies and, if not installed and used according to the instructions found in the users manual, may cause interference harmful to the operation of other electronic devices. Compliance with FCC regulations does not guarantee that interference will not occur in all installations. If this product is found to be the source of interference, which can be determined by turning the product "OFF" and "ON", please try to eliminate the problem using one of the following measures: Relocate either the product generating the interference of the device that is being affected by the interference. Utilize power outlets that are on different branch (circuit breaker or fuse) circuits or install AC line filter/s. 1. This unit is a sophisticated stereo cassette deck. To ensure proper operation for the best possible performance, please read this manual carefully. 2. Choose the installation location of your unit carefully. Avoid placing it in direct sunlight or close to source of heat. Also avoid locations subject to vibration and excessive dust, heat, cold or moisture. Keep it away from sources of hum such as transformers or motors. 3. Do not open the cabinet as this may result in damage to the deck or electrical shock. If a foreign object should get into the deck, contact your local dealer. 4. Do not apply excessive force when operating switches and knobs. 5. When moving the deck, be sure to first pull out the power plug and remove all cords connecting the deck to other equipment. 6. Do not attempt to clean this unit with chemical solvents as this may damage the finish. Use a clean, dry cloth. 7. Never allow metallic items (e.g. screwdrivers, tools, etc.) to come near the record/playback head assembly. Doing so may not only scratch or damage the head’s mirror-smooth finish, it may also change the magnetic characteristics of the heads, causing a deterioration in reproduction quality. 8. Although the record/playback head used in this unit is a high quality head with outstanding reproduction characteristics, it can become dirty through the use of old tapes or from dust accumulation over time. This can have a serious effect on reproduction quality. Clean the heads regularly with one of the commonly available head cleaners or with cleaning solutions as explained later in this manual. In the case of radio or TV interference, relocate/reorient the antenna. If the antenna lead-in is 300 ohm ribbon lead, change the lead-in to coaxial type cable. 9. Be sure to read the “Troubleshooting” section of this If these corrective measures do not produce satisfactory results, please contact your local retailer that is authorized to distribute this type of product. If you cannot locate the appropriate retailer, please contact Yamaha Electronics Corp., U.S.A. 6600 Orangethorpe Ave, Buena Park, CA90620 10. Unplug the power cord from the wall outlet if the unit is The above statements apply ONLY to those products distributed by Yamaha Corporation of America or its subsidiaries. We Want You Listening For A Lifetime YAMAHA and the Electronic Industries Association's Consumer Electronics Group want you to get the most out of your equipment by playing it at a safe level. One that lets the sound come through loud and clear without annoying blaring or distortion – and, most importantly, without affecting your sensitive hearing. Since hearing damage from loud sounds is often We Want You undetectable until it is too late, YAMAHA and LISTENING For A Lifetime the Electronic Industries Association's Consumer Electronics Group recommend you avoid prolonged exposure to excessive volume levels. manual for advice on common operating errors before concluding that your unit is faulty. not to be used for an extended period of time. To disconnect the cord, pull it out by grasping the plug. Never pull the cord itself. 11. Keep this manual in a safe place for future reference. 12. Voltage Selector (General model only) The voltage selector on the rear panel of this unit must be set for your local mains voltage BEFORE plugging in the AC mains supply. Please check the copyright laws in your country to record from records, compact discs, radio, etc. Recording of copyright material may infringe copyright laws. 3  This owner’s manual covers 3 models of YAMAHA cassette deck KX-580, KX-480 and KX-380. Please check which model you have purchased and read the descriptions concerned. There may be some unnecessary items, so please skip them accordingly. TABLE OF CONTENTS FEATURES ........................................................................... 4 CONNECTIONS .................................................................. 4 PLAYBACK .......................................................................... 5 SELECTION SEARCH ...................................................... 7 INTRO SCAN .................................................................... 7 MEMORY STOP operation ............................................... 8 REPEAT PLAYBACK (KX-580 and KX-480 only) ............ 8 RECORDING ....................................................................... 9 REC MUTE operation ..................................................... 12 0-STOP operation .......................................................... 12 REC RETURN operation ................................................ 12 TIMER RECORDING/PLAYBACK (KX-580 and KX-480 only) ................................................ 13 Timer recording ............................................................. 13 Timer playback .............................................................. 13 CASSETTE TAPES ............................................................ 14 OPENING AND CLOSING THE SUB PANEL ( KX-580 and KX-480 only) .............................................. 15 OPTIONAL REMOTE CONTROL TRANSMITTER ............ 15 MAINTENANCE ................................................................. 15 TROUBLESHOOTING ....................................................... 16 SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................. 17 FEATURES ÷ Dolby HX Pro Dynamic Bias Servo ÷ Dolby B/C and S (KX-580 only) Noise Reduction ÷ Secure Holding Damper Cassette Stabilizer allows you to reduce unwanted vibration and modulation noise (KX-580 and KX-480 only). ÷ Fine Adjustment of Recording Characteristics with Auto Tape Tuning and Bias Adjust Control ÷ 160 kHz High Recording Bias prevents cross modulation beat distortion that can occur between the recording bias and the recording signal’s high frequency content (KX-580 and KX-480 only). ÷ Play Trim Control for improved playback compatibility with other decks ÷ 0-M/FULL Repeat Playback (KX-580 and KX-480 only), Selection Search and Bi-Directional Intro Scan ÷ Recording Mute function CONNECTIONS L R LINE IN REC LINE OUT PLAY To an AC outlet REC OUT TAPE PB L R Amplifier or receiver 4 REAR PANEL CONNECTIONS Make sure that power to both the deck and your amplifier/receiver are turned off before making any connections. ÷ The White plug on the paired connecting cables corresponds to the Left channel and the Red plug corresponds to the Right channel. Make sure that the left and right channel connections are properly made, and that the plugs are inserted firmly. ÷ The LINE OUT/PLAY jacks on the deck should be connected to the Tape PB (Playback/Input) jacks on your amplifier/ receiver, and the LINE IN/REC jacks on the deck should be connected to the Rec Out (Rec/Output) jacks on your amplifier/receiver. ÷ Connect the power cord to an AC wall outlet or to an AC outlet on the rear panel of your amplifier/receiver (if provided).  PLAYBACK Preparation for playback ÷ Be sure to set the TIMER switch to the OFF position (KX-580 and KX-480 only), then turn on the POWER switch. ÷ Set your amplifier or receiver to cassette deck function mode. KX-580/KX-480 MPX FILTER indicator POWER = ON ŸB/ŸC and ŸS (KX-580 only) indicators When a tape is loaded, the corresponding tape type indicator lights. STOP 3 ⁄ ! PHONES LEVEL TIMER 1 PHONES PLAY TRIM KX-380 2 REC/PAUSE 2(KX-580 only) MPX FILTER indicator POWER = ON When a tape is loaded, the corresponding tape type indicator lights. ŸB/ŸC indicators STOP 3 ⁄ ! PHONES 1 PLAY TRIM PHONES LEVEL 2 1 EJECT 2 REC/PAUSE 3 KX-580 DOLBY NR OFF/ŸB/ŸC/MPX OFF/ŸS/MPX PLAY KX-480/KX-380 DOLBY NR OFF/ŸB/ŸC/MPX Insert the cassette with the exposed tape side facing down and the side to be played facing you. To close the compartment, push in the compartment door until it locks shut. 5  To stop playback: DOLBY S NR Press the STOP button. DOLBY S NR is developed incorporating the concept of professional-use DOLBY SR system into the present DOLBY B/C NR. It offers the noise reduction effect increased by about 40%, compared to the former DOLBY C NR, and also the noise level of the low frequency range is reduced to 1/3. Highly natural sound can be reproduced with the help of the modulation controller, which regulates 5 NR units — 2 for low level sounds and 3 for high level, one of which is for low frequency signals. DOLBY S NR has also high interchangeability. The tapes recorded with DOLBY S NR can well be reproduced by the decks which are equipped only with DOLBY B NR, headphone stereos or car stereos for example. To fast forward the tape: Press the ⁄ button. To fast rewind the tape: Press the ! button. To adjust the volume level: Use the volume control of the amplifier or receiver. To use headphones for private listening: Insert the headphones plug into the PHONES jack. To adjust the headphones level: DOLBY NR button setting (in step 2) DOLBY NR (OFF/ŸB/ŸC/MPX) button Be sure to set the DOLBY NR (OFF/ŸB/ŸC/MPX) button according to the system used for recording. Each time this button is pressed, Dolby NR switches as follows: 3 ŸB(MPX off) For a tape recorded with DOLBY B NR Only the ŸB indicator lights. Noise Reduction Responce Use the PHONES LEVEL control. NR-OFF 10 dB B-NR C-NR S-NR ∞ ŸC(MPX off) For a tape recorded with DOLBY C NR Only the ŸC indicator lights. 20 100 10k 20k 1k Hz ∞ ŸB MPX on (available only for recording) ∞ ŸC MPX on (available only for recording) PLAY TRIM control adjustment For a tape recorded with DOLBY NR OFF No indicator lights. When the level of high frequencies is too boosted or absent while playing a tape recorded on another cassette deck, adjust the high frequency response with the PLAY TRIM control. ∞ OFF KX-580 only DOLBY NR (OFF/ŸS/MPX) button For a tape recorded with DOLBY S NR, use this button to select the appropriate setting. Each time this button is pressed, DOLBY NR switches as follows: 3 When high frequencies are absent, boost the high frequencies. When high frequencies are too boosted, attenuate the high frequencies. PLAY TRIM PLAY TRIM 0 0 ŸS(MPX off) For a tape recorded with DOLBY S NR Only the ŸS indicator lights. ∞ ŸS MPX on (available only for recording) ∞ OFF For a tape recorded with DOLBY NR OFF No indicator lights. – + * Dolby noise reduction manufactured under license from Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation. “DOLBY” and the double-D symbol Ÿ are trademarks of Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation. 1 + 10 dB Note: The MPX filter settings are explained on page 10. 6 – 100 1k _ 10kHz 2 3 1 2 3 + High frequency sound is too boosted. Flat. High frequency sound is absent.  INTRO indicator INTRO SCAN @ PLAY INTRO SCAN # ⁄ ! MUTE/SEARCH SELECTION SEARCH - To play back a desired selection by searching for the beginning of the selection To search for the next selection To search for the beginning of the current selection To search for the selection located before the current selection When the beginning of the current selection is played: ⁄ MUTE/SEARCH ! + MUTE/SEARCH ! + MUTE/SEARCH + The ! or ⁄ button and the MUTE/SEARCH button should be pressed simultaneously. INTRO SCAN - To play back the beginning of each selection automatically To play back each selection in the reverse direction: To play back each selection in the forward direction: # @ The INTRO @ indicator lights during reverse intro scan. To resume normal playback when the desired selection is found: The INTRO # indicator lights during forward intro scan. PLAY 3 5 Notes on Selection search and Intro scan ÷ The blank interval between selections must be at least 4 seconds. ÷ Selection search and Intro scan may not operate properly with tapes recorded with a low record level or with excessive noise. 7  REPEAT 0-M/FULL indicator KX-580/KX-480 MEMORY indicator (KX-580 only) REPEAT OFF /0-M/FULL COUNTER RESET MEMORY button KX-380 MEMORY indicator PLAY !⁄ !⁄ MEMORY button MEMORY STOP operation - To return to the desired position Pressing the MEMORY button memorizes the desired counter reading. The MEMORY indicator lights. MEMORY 3 During fast forwarding or rewinding, the tape will stop at the counter reading point where the MEMORY button was pressed. To cancel the memorized counter reading, press the MEMORY button again. The MEMORY indicator goes out. ⁄ ! MEMORY or REPEAT PLAYBACK ( KX-580 and KX-480 only) 0-M (a section) repeat Full repeat With this function, a desired section can be played repeatedly up to 8 times. With this function, the cassette side being played can be repeated up to 8 times. Press the REPEAT OFF/0-M/FULL button so that the REPEAT FULL indicator lights. 1 Press the REPEAT OFF/0-M/FULL button so that the REPEAT 0-M indicator lights. REPEAT OFF/0-M/FULL REPEAT OFF/0-M/FULL PLAY 3 2 Press the RESET button at the beginning of the section you want to play repeatedly. The counter on the display is reset to "0000". RESET 3 Press the MEMORY button at the end of the section during playback. The MEMORY indicator on the display lights up, and the tape immediately begins rewinding. MEMORY The tape is rewound until the counter has returned to the beginning of the section. The deck then enters the playback mode and the specified section is played repeatedly. 8 Note: The length between the start and end points of the 0-M repeat section should be more than 4 counts. To cancel repeat playback To cancel the 0-M repeat or Full repeat, press the REPEAT OFF/0-M/FULL button so that both REPEAT 0-M and REPEAT FULL indicators go off. Each time this button is pressed, repeat mode switches as follows: 3 0-M repeat 3 Full repeat 3 OFF  RECORDING Preparation for recording ÷ Be sure to set the TIMER switch to the OFF position (KX-580 and KX-480 only), then turn on the POWER switch. ÷ Set your amplifier or receiver to cassette deck function mode. KX-580/KX-480 REC indicator ŸB/ŸC/ ŸS(KX-580 only) indicators PEAK level MPX FILTER indicator Tape counter meters 6 POWER = ON 2 (KX-580 only) 2 COUNTER MEMORY 1 4 COUNTER RESET BIAS ADJUST KX-380 REC indicator Tape counter 3 5 MUTE/SEARCH PEAK level MPX FILTER meters indicator 6 POWER = ON ŸB/ŸC indicators 2 COUNTER MEMORY 1 COUNTER RESET 1 Insert the cassette with the exposed tape side facing down and the side to be recorded facing you. To close the compartment, push in the compartment door until it locks shut. EJECT 3 ] DOLBY NR OFF/ŸS/MPX BALANCE REC 4 L5 4 I 2 3 4 5R OFF/ŸB/ŸC/MPX 6 LEVEL 0 I 3 See “AUTO TAPE TUNING button”. MUTE/SEARCH DOLBY NR 2 REC 3 KX-480/KX-380 OFF/ŸB/ŸC/MPX AUTO TAPE TUNING Play the program source to be recorded. 5 KX-580 5 4 REC/PAUSE 2 4 BIAS ADJUST 5 PLAY 6 7 3 2 8 9 I 0 I0 * Form of the REC LEVEL control is slightly different with KX-380. See “Setting the recording level”. To stop recording: Tape counter and COUNTER RESET button Press the STOP button. Before starting recording, press the RESET button to set the counter reading to “0000”. Use this counter to aid in locating a point on a tape. To stop recording temporarily: Press the REC/PAUSE button. To resume recording, press the PLAY button. 9  DOLBY NR button setting (in step 2) AUTO TAPE TUNING button (in step 4) DOLBY NR (OFF/ŸB/ŸC/MPX) button Each time this button is pressed, Dolby NR switches as follows: Pressing this button during the REC/PAUSE mode will activate the Auto Tape Tuning that makes it possible to internally determine the optimum recording characteristics (bias and recording sensitivity) according to the loaded cassette tape in about 20 seconds. To perform the Auto Tape Tuning, send the tape leader part forward and set the PLAY/TRIM control and the BIAS ADJUST control to the center position before pressing the AUTO TAPE TUNING button. When the Auto Tape Tuning is completed, the TAPE TUNING indicator lights. After completion of Auto Tape Tuning, the tape automatically rewinds to the point where the Auto Tape Tuning began and the REC/PAUSE mode is engaged. The bias adjustment with the BIAS ADJUST control is possible even after this tuning. To clear Auto Tape Tuning setting, press the AUTO TAPE TUNING button once again, or load any cassette tape of different type. * When recording on the other side of the tape, another Auto Tape Tuning is unnecessary. When recording on the same type cassette tape of a different brand, another Auto Tape Tuning is advisable for much more accurate setting of the recording characteristics. off) Recording with DOLBY B NR Only the ŸB indicator lights. ∞ ŸC(MPX off) Recording with DOLBY C NR Only the ŸC indicator lights. ∞ ŸB MPX on Recording an FM broadcast with DOLBY B NR ŸB and MPX FILTER indicators light. ∞ ŸC MPX on Recording an FM broadcast with DOLBY C NR ŸC and MPX FILTER indicators light. ∞ OFF Recording with no noise reduction No indicator lights. KX-580 only DOLBY NR (OFF/ŸS/MPX) button Each time this button is pressed, DOLBY NR switches as follows: 3 ŸS(MPX off) Recording with DOLBY S NR Only the ŸS indicator lights. ∞ ŸS MPX on Recording an FM broadcast with DOLBY S NR ŸS and MPX FILTER indicators light. ∞ OFF Recording with no noise reduction No indicator lights. * Dolby noise reduction manufactured under license from Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation. “DOLBY” and the double-D symbol Ÿ are trademarks of Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation. ÷ MPX filter: FM stations transmit a 19 kHz pilot signal in addition to the broadcast program. Sometimes this pilot signal may leak into the audio output depending on the tuner and broadcast conditions. This signal can cause improper operation of the Dolby NR systems. Activating the MPX filter (B TYPE/C TYPE/S TYPE MPX ON settings) will effectively remove the signal. AUTO TAPE TUNING The Auto Tape Tuning function improves the quality of your recording, permitting critical adjustment of the deck’s recording bias and sensitivity for best results with every tape you use. With the Auto Tape Tuning function, the recording characteristics (recording bias and sensitivity) are automatically adjusted while recording and playback operations in about 20 seconds, to accurately match the characteristics of loaded tape. For example, the recorded (output) level (A in the figure) may differ from recording (input) level (B in the figure), due to widely varying characteristics of cassette tapes between brands. Using the Auto Tape Tuning function, these differences are effectively eliminated by adjusting the recording bias (for high frequencies) and sensitivity (for overall frequencies) according to the loaded cassette tape, making a significant contribution to overall recording quality (C in the figure). Output Level (dB) 3 ŸB(MPX B Input Level A Frequency (Hz) 10 C  Setting the recording level (in step 3) Synchronized recording function Play the loudest passage of the source to be recorded and watch the meter readings. Adjust the REC LEVEL control so that the highest peak may not exceed the optimum levels of each tape type. Normally, it is best to adjust the BALANCE control such that the LEFT and RIGHT meter readings are even. When operating this unit in combinaton with the YAMAHA CD Player which has SYNCHRO button on its remote control transmitter, CD Synchronized recording function can be utilized. This function is operated with the remote control transmitter of the CD Player. (Regarding the operation, refer to the manual of the CD Player.) SYNCHRO indicator of this unit lights when the SYNCHRO button of the remote controller is pressed. METAL NORM HIGH L dB – 30 20 17 14 12 10 8 6 4 Ÿ 0 2 4 6 8+ R ÷ The Ÿ mark indicates the Dolby noise reduction system standard level. Bias adjustment The BIAS ADJUST control is for fine adjustment of the recording bias. Normally, it is not necessary to adjust this control since the recording bias can be automatically adjusted by the built-in Auto Tape Selector and the AUTO TAPE TUNING button for different tape types. However, if you feel that your recording needs further bias adjustment (to compensate for absent or distorted high frequencies), adjust this control to your liking. When high frequencies are distorted, increase the recording bias by turning the BIAS ADJUST control clockwise. When high frequencies are absent, decrease the recording bias by turning the BIAS ADJUST control counterclockwise. BIAS ADJUST BIAS ADJUST 0 Output Level (dB) – 0 + – + 10 0 1 -10 2 -20 -30 3 -40 Frequency (Hz) 1 2 3 Insufficient bias (High frequencies are distorted.) Optimum bias Excessive bias (High frequencies are absent.) 11  Tape counter (KX-580 only) KX-580/KX-480 RESET button KX-380 ! Tape counter MUTE/SEARCH RESET button ! MUTE/SEARCH REC MUTE operation - Inserting a blank space during recording During recording MUTE/SEARCH A 4-second blank interval is automatically recorded on the tape, and then the deck enters Rec/Pause mode. If a blank interval longer than 4 seconds is desired, keep pressing the button as long as you want. When the MUTE/SEARCH button is released, the deck enters Rec/Pause mode after making a 4-second blank interval. 0-STOP operation - To return to the “0000” point During recording RESET 3 ! The tape will be automatically rewound to the “0000” point. The “0000” point is memorized. REC RETURN operation - To return to the point at which the recording previously started During recording ! DOLBY HX PRO DYNAMIC BIAS SERVO SYSTEM This unit incorporates the Dolby HX Pro system which automatically controls the effective bias to reduce distortion and noise, improving high frequency response during recording. Tapes recorded with this system retain the same high quality even when played back on any other cassette deck. 12 ÷ If the ! button is pressed during recording, Rec return operation automatically rewinds the tape to the point where the PLAY button was pressed. Dolby noise reduction and HX Pro headroom extension manufactured under license from Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation, HX Pro originated by Bang & Olufsen. "DOLBY", the double-D symbol and "HX PRO" are trademarks of Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation.  TIMER RECORDING/PLAYBACK ( KX-580 and KX-480 only) With a commercially available audio timer it is possible to make recordings and initiate playback automatically at any time. Make sure that all power cord connections between the timer and amplifier/receiver are properly made. For details, refer to the instructions of your audio timer. No change in any of the other connections between the deck and amplifier/receiver, etc., is necessary. TIMER To an AC outlet (KX-580 only) Amplifier or receiver Tuner Audio timer Timer recording 1. 2. 3. Timer playback After turning on the power to each component, select the station on your tuner which you want to record and turn down the volume on your amplifier/receiver. This will have no effect on the recording signal level. Remember to set the proper recording level. Set the timer to the desired recording start and stop times. It is advisable to set the timer to begin recording slightly before and end slightly after the actual broadcast receiving time to leave some room for later editing. Set the TIMER switch to the REC position. 1. 2. 3. 4. Turn on the amplifier/receiver and adjust the volume and tone controls. Set the input mode selector of your amplifier/receiver to the cassette deck function mode. Set the timer to the time you wish to start and stop playback. Set the TIMER switch to the PLAY position. TIMER REC OFF PLAY TIMER REC 4. OFF PLAY The timer will send power to the amplifier/receiver, tuner and deck at the preset time, turning all the components on and initiating the recording. 5. At the preset time, the timer will turn power on to the amplifier/receiver and cassette deck and begin playback. It will shut power off at the preset time as well ending playback. Note: Whenever the timer recording/playback is not intended, make sure to set the TIMER switch to OFF position to prevent the unnecessary recording/playback. ÷ If the TIMER switch is set to REC position and the power is supplied (plugging in the power cord or automatically supplying the power after power failure, etc.), the deck automatically enters REC mode and the contents of the cassette tape inserted in the deck will be erased. 13  CASSETTE TAPES CASSETTE TAPES There are many different types of cassette tapes available. However, they all conform to standard specifications so any brand may be used with the deck. ÷ Classification of Cassette Tapes by Formulation Cassette tapes are available in four basic types depending on their formulation, or type of magnetic material and manufacturing process. These four types are commonly known as Normal (Type I/NORM), Chrome (Type II/HIGH <CrO2>), Ferrichrome (Type III/ FeCr), and Metal (Type IV/METAL), and they each require specific tape deck adjustments for optimum performance. * YAMAHA does not recommend the use of 120 minute length cassettes since the extreme thinness of the tape makes them susceptible to mechanical and recording problems. AUTO TAPE SELECTOR DETECTION SLOTS The deck has a built-in Auto Tape Selector which automatically adjusts for the proper bias, level and equalization according to the tape formulation — all you have to do is load a cassette and the Auto Tape Selector does the rest. The Auto Tape Selector determines which type of tape is loaded by sensing detector slots in the top of the tape shell. Each tape formulation has its own characteristic hole markings standardized by the tape industry. ÷ Early model Metal (Type IV/Metal) tape formulation cassette shells do not have the slots for Auto Tape Selector operation. As a result, early model Metal type tapes recorded on another deck will be played back with the deck at the Chrome (Type II/HIGH <CrO2>) settings. YAMAHA does not recommend using this kind of tape. ÷ The deck does not have the required setting for Ferrichrome (Type III/FeCr) tape, since this tape formulation is not widely used. Should you use a Ferrichrome tape, it will be recorded and played back at the Normal (Type I/NORM) settings, which will result in an unnatural high frequency emphasis. This effect may be compensated for somewhat by adjusting the BIAS ADJUST to the plus (+) direction during recording, or by using the PLAY TRIM tone control and/or the tone controls of your amplifier/receiver during playback. TYPE II Detector slots 14 PROTECTING YOUR RECORDINGS All cassette tapes are provided with erasure protection holes to prevent accidental erasure of recorded contents. There is a small tab covering the hole on each side of the cassette, and it should be broken off after recording the tape. Without this tab covering the hole, it is impossible to record onto that tape. Thus, you can safely protect a recording for as long as you wish without fear of accidental erasure. Should you wish to use a cassette tape protected in this way for recording, simply covering the hole with adhesive tape will permit erasure and rerecording. ÷ When using Chrome (Type II/HIGH <CrO2>) or Metal (Type IV/METAL) tapes, make sure you do not cover the hole intended for the Auto Tape Selector operation. TAKING UP SLACK IN THE TAPE As a precaution against tape entanglement and damage, remove any slack in the tape before inserting cassettes into the deck. This is accomplished by inserting a pencil, pen or similar object into one of the spools and gently winding it until all the slack is removed. You do not have to wind it too tightly. Be careful not to touch the tape part itself. It is very delicate and touching it may damage the tape and its recorded contents. TYPE IV Detector slots STORING CASSETTES After putting a cassette tape back into its case, store it in a location away from exposure to direct sunlight, humidity, high temperatures, and magnetic fields (away from television sets, speakers, etc.). High temperatures and humidity will damage the tape itself, while exposure to magnetic fields may cause a loss of recorded material. Avoid touching the tape surface with your fingers, since dirt or finger oil will contaminate the deck’s heads.  OPENING AND CLOSING THE SUB PANEL ( KX-580 and KX-480 only) To open the sub panel To close the sub panel OPTIONAL REMOTE CONTROL TRANSMITTER With the optional remote control transmitter RS-KX1, you can operate this unit at your listening position. For details, refer to the instruction manual supplied with the remote control transmitter. RESET REMOTE CONTROL OPERATION RANGE Remote sensor MEMORY COUNTER REMAIN TAPE DUBBING ¤ ‹ INTRO SCAN ⁄ ! SEARCH DECK A/B DIR A DIR B MONITOR ! PLAY ⁄ STOP REC MUTE REC/PAUSE 7 m (23 feet) 30° 30° s REMOTE CONTROL TRANSMITTER MAINTENANCE CLEANING OF THE TAPE PATH Continued high quality performance of your deck is dependent upon periodic cleaning of the heads, capstan, pinch roller, and all surfaces over which the tape travels. Normal use will cause an accumulation of dirt and dust on the heads, capstans, and pinch rollers. This can lead to poor sound quality, drop outs (intervals with no sound), unsteady tape speed, loss of high frequency response, etc. Thus, clean the heads and all surfaces over which the tape travels with a commercially available cleaning cassette and fluid type cleaner. Inside of the cassette compartment Heads Capstan Pinch roller DEMAGNETIZATION After 20-30 hours of use, enough residual magnetism will build up on the heads to cause poor high frequency reproduction. At this time you should use a commercially available head demagnetizer. ÷ When cleaning the tape path or demagnetizing the heads, be sure to follow carefully the instructions of the concerning materials such as cleaning fluid or head demagnetizer. 15  TROUBLESHOOTING If your cassette deck fails to operate normally, check the following table. It lists common operating errors and simple measures which you can take to correct the problem. If it cannot be corrected, or the symptom is not listed, disconnect the deck’s power cord and contact your local YAMAHA dealer or service center for help. Fault Cause Cure Tape doesn’t move in recording or playback. ÷ Power plug is not properly plugged in. ÷ End of tape. ÷ Cassette shell is warped or damaged. ÷ Reinsert plug properly. ÷ Rewind tape or flip it over. ÷ Do not play damaged tapes. REC/PAUSE button fails to function. ÷ No cassette tape loaded. ÷ Protective tabs are broken off. ÷ Load a cassette tape. ÷ Change tape or cover protective hole with adhesive tape. Sounds become faint and sometimes inaudible. ÷ Head is dirty. ÷ Head is magnetized. ÷ Clean head. ÷ Demagnetize head using head demagnetizer. ÷ Change to a different tape. ÷ Tape is damaged or of poor quality. Recorded sound is distorted. ÷ Tape is bad (stretched or deformed, etc.). ÷ Cassette shell is warped. ÷ Recording level is too high. ÷ Replace with a fresh tape. ÷ A warped cassette shell cannot be fixed. Replace with another tape and test. ÷ Check input level with signal level meter and use lower rec level when recording. Tape is playing back, but no sound is heard. ÷ Faulty connection between deck and stereo amplifier/receiver. ÷ Check and secure connections. Excessive noise. ÷ Head is dirty. ÷ Head is magnetized. ÷ Clean head. ÷ Demagnetize head with head demagnetizer. ÷ Change to better tape. ÷ Check input and output connections and reinsert properly. ÷ Move away from electrical appliances (TV, fluorescent light, electric blanket, etc.). ÷ Worn out or poor quality tape. ÷ Connection(s) improperly made. ÷ Affected by external electrical noise. Excessive wow (wavering of the sound). ÷ Dirty capstan, pinch roller, etc., or poor tape. ÷ Tape is wound unevenly. ÷ Clean capstan and pinch roller, or change to better tape. ÷ Rewind tape. Tape stops in the middle of recording or playback. ÷ Slack tape, or tape spillage wound around capstan. ÷ Insert pencil in hole in cassette shell and turn to take up slack. Fails to record. ÷ REC LEVEL control is set to too low. ÷ Protective tabs are broken off. ÷ Adjust REC LEVEL control. ÷ Change tape or cover protective hole with adhesive tape. Search does not operate. ÷ Recorded section is too short. ÷ Recorded section has low-level portions. ÷ Conversation, etc. has been recorded. ÷ Blank sections must be at least 4 seconds long. ÷ No remedy ÷ No remedy ÷ Dolby NR-recorded tape is played back in OFF position. ÷ Play back in appropriate Dolby NR position. High frequencies in the playback sound are emphasized and unpleasant to listen to, and noise level (hiss) is also high. 16  Cause Fault Cure ÷ Normally-recorded tape is played back in Dolby NR. ÷ Heads are dirty. ÷ Heads are magnetized. ÷ Playback in OFF position. When playing back tapes recorded on other decks, meter deflections are greater (smaller) than when recorded. ÷ Basic levels are different for different cassette decks. ÷ This is not a fault. Recordings cannot be made with TIMER REC (deck only plays back) (except KX-380). ÷ Protective tabs on cassette have been broken off. ÷ Replace cassette tape, or cover tab holes with tape, etc. The remote control transmitter cannot be operated. ÷ The batteries are exhausted. ÷ The remote control transmitter is operated from an incorrect distance or angle. ÷ The remote control sensor is lighted strongly. ÷ Replace batteries. ÷ Operate it from less than 7 meters (about 23 ft.) and 30°. ÷ Place the unit away from the strong light. Playback sound is muffled and high frequencies are inaudible. ÷ Clean heads and carry out demagnetization with head demagnetizer. SPECIFICATIONS Track Configuration .................. 4 track, 2 channel stereo Motor KX-580/480 ............................ DC servo motor (capstan) Flat torque DC motor (reel) KX-380 ..................................................... DC servo motor Head ......................... Recording/playback: hard permalloy Erase: double-gap Ferrite head Rapid Transport KX-580/480 ............................................... 90 sec. (C-60) KX-380 .................................................... 100 sec. (C-60) Wow and Flutter <KX-580/480> WRMS .................................................................... 0.05% W.Peak ................................................................ ±0.08% <KX-380> WRMS .................................................................... 0.07% W.Peak ................................................................ ±0.12% Signal-to-Noise Ratio <KX-580/480> Dolby NR off ......................................................... 60 dB Dolby B NR on ...................................................... 68 dB Dolby C NR on ...................................................... 76 dB Dolby S NR on (KX-580 only) .............................. 80 dB <KX-380> Dolby NR off ......................................................... 58 dB Dolby B NR on ...................................................... 66 dB Dolby C NR on ...................................................... 74 dB Frequency Response <KX-580/480> Normal tape (–20 dB) ................ 20 ~ 17,000 Hz ±3 dB CrO2 tape (–20 dB) .................... 20 ~ 18,000 Hz ±3 dB Metal tape (–20 dB) ................... 20 ~ 20,000 Hz ±3 dB <KX-380> Normal tape (–20 dB) ................ 20 ~ 16,000 Hz ±3 dB CrO2 tape (–20 dB) .................... 20 ~ 17,000 Hz ±3 dB Metal tape (–20 dB) ................... 20 ~ 19,000 Hz ±3 dB Harmonic Distortion .................................................... 0.8% Input Sensitivity/Impedance Line ................................................... 100 mV/50 k-ohms Output Level Line .................................................. 570 mV/1.0 k-ohms Phones ................................................... 1.5 mW/8 ohms Channel Separation (1 kHz) ..................................... 40 dB Cross Talk (125 Hz) .................................................. 55 dB GENERAL Power Supplies U.S.A. and Canada model ........................ 120 V, 60 Hz Europe model ............................................ 230 V, 50 Hz U.K. model and Australia model ............. 240 V, 50 Hz General model ................ 110/120/220/240 V, 50/60 Hz Power Consumption ........................... 16 W (KX-580/480) 12 W (KX-380) 5 W (Power off) Dimensions (W x H x D) KX-580/480 ...................................... 435 x 126 x 277 mm (17-1/8" x 4-15/16" x 10-7/8") KX-380 ............................................. 435 x 126 x 285 mm (17-1/8" x 4-15/16" x 11-1/4") Weight KX-580 ............................................ 4.6 kg (10 lbs. 2 oz.) KX-480 ............................................ 4.5 kg (9 lbs. 15 oz.) KX-380 ............................................ 4.4 kg (9 lbs. 11 oz.) Accessories Output/input cord ..................................................... 1 pair * Specifications subject to change without notice. 17  s YAMAHA YAMAHA YAMAHA YAMAHA YAMAHA YAMAHA YAMAHA ELECTRONICS CORPORATION, USA 6660 ORANGETHORPE AVE., BUENA PARK, CALIF. 90620, U.S.A. CANADA MUSIC LTD. 135 MILNER AVE., SCARBOROUGH, ONTARIO M1S 3R1, CANADA ELECTRONIK EUROPA G.m.b.H. SIEMENSSTR, 22-34, D-2084 RELLINGEN, BEI HAMBURG, F.R. OF GERMANY ELECTRONIQUE FRANCE S.A. 17 RUE DES CAMPANULES, LOGNES 77321 MARNE LA VALLEE CEDEX 2 FRANCE ELECTRONICS (UK) LTD. YAMAHA HOUSE, 200 RICKMANSWORTH ROAD WATFORD, HERTS WD1 7JS, ENGLAND SCANDINAVIA A.B. J A WETTERGRENS GATA 1, BOX 30053, 400 43 VASTRA FRÖLUNDA, SWEDEN MUSIC AUSTRALIA PTY, LTD. 17-33 MARKET ST., SOUTH MELBOURNE, 3205 VIC., AUSTRALIA ß 18