SICK WTB16 Instrucciones de operación

Tipo
Instrucciones de operación
1
ro = read only, wo = write only, rw = read/write
2
COM values specify the bitrate (see IO-Link specification): COM1 (4,8 kbit/s), COM2 (38,4 kbit/s), COM3 (230,4 kbit/s)
3
Subindex access not supported
ENGLISH
1. Physical layer
Note: The IO-Link Device's max. current consumption (inclusive load current) shall not exceed the the master port's max. output power current.
SIO Modus yes
Min Cycle Time 2.3 ms
Baudrate
2
COM2
Process Data Length 2 Byte
IODD version V1.11091
Valid for IO-Link version 1.1.0
Record
3
: 2 Byte
Byte 0
Bitoffset
Type/Subindex
89101112131415
I N
Byte 1
Bitoffset
Type/Subindex
01234567
0
Bit0
1
Boolean
1
Bit1
2
Boolean
I N
2. Process data
3. Service data
The following ISDUs will not be saved via Data-Storage: Profile characteristic, Teach-in channel, Teach-in state, Device / function name, Sender configuration, Quality of teach, Find me and SLTI Version
IO-Link specific
Index
dec
(hex)
Name Format
(Offset)
Length Access
1
Default
Value
Value / Range Remark [Unit]
12
(0x0C)
Device Access Locks Record
3
2 Byte rw
1
(0x01)
Parameter (write) Access Lock Bit (0) 1 Bit rw
2
(0x02)
Data Storage Lock Bit (1) 1 Bit rw
3
(0x03)
Local Parameterization Lock Bit (2) 1 Bit rw
4
(0x04)
Local User Interface Lock Bit (3) 1 Bit rw
16
(0x10)
Vendor Name String 7 Byte ro SICK AG
18
(0x12)
Product Name String 18 Byte ro
19
(0x13)
Product ID String 13 Byte ro
20
(0x14)
Product Text String 45 Byte ro
21
(0x15)
Serial Number String 8 Byte ro
22
(0x16)
Hardware Version String 4 Byte ro
23
(0x17)
Firmware Version String 19 Byte ro
24
(0x18)
Application Specific Tag String 32 Byte rw *******
36
(0x24)
Device Status UInt 8 Bit ro 0 = Device is OK
1 = Maintenance required
2 = Out of specification
3 = Functional check
4 = Failure
5...255 = Reserved
40
(0x28)
Process Data Input PD In 2 Byte ro
Australia
Phone +61 3 9457 0600
Belgium/Luxembourg
Phone +32 (0)2 466 55 66
Brasil
Phone +55 11 3215-4900
Canada
Phone +1 905 771 14 44
Česká republika
Phone +420 2 57 91 18 50
China
Phone +86 4000 121 000
+852-2153 6300
Danmark
Phone +45 45 82 64 00
Deutschland
Phone +49 211 5301-301
España
Phone +34 93 480 31 00
France
Phone +33 1 64 62 35 00
Great Britain
Phone +44 (0)1727 831121
India
Phone +91–22–4033 8333
Israel
Phone +972-4-6801000
Italia
Phone +39 02 27 43 41
Japan
Phone +81 (0)3 5309 2112
Magyarország
Phone +36 1 371 2680
Nederland
Phone +31 (0)30 229 25 44
Österreich
Phone +43 (0)22 36 62 28 8-0
Norge
Phone +47 67 81 50 00
Polska
Phone +48 22 837 40 50
România
Phone +40 356 171 120
Russia
Phone +7-495-775-05-30
Schweiz
Phone +41 41 619 29 39
Singapore
Phone +65 6744 3732
Slovenija
Phone +386 (0)1-47 69 990
South Africa
Phone +27 11 472 3733
South Korea
Phone +82 2 786 6321/4
Suomi
Phone +358-9-25 15 800
Sverige
Phone +46 10 110 10 00
Taiwan
Phone +886-2-2375-6288
Türkiye
Phone +90 (216) 528 50 00
United Arab Emirates
Phone +971 (0) 4 8865 878
USA/México
Phone +1(952) 941-6780
BZ int43
Please find detailed addresses and additional representatives and agencies in
all major industrial nations at www.sick.com
-------------------------------------------------------------- - -------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
More representatives and agencies at www.sick.com ∙ Subject to change
without notice ∙ The specied product features and technical data do not
represent any guarantee.
Weitere Niederlassungen nden Sie unter www.sick.com ∙ Irrtümer
und Änderungen vorbehalten ∙ Angegebene Produkteigenschaften und
technische Daten stellen keine Garantieerklärung dar.
Plus de représentations et d’agences à l’adresse www.sick.com ∙ Sujet à
modication sans préavis ∙ Les caractéristiques de produit et techniques
indiquées ne constituent pas de déclaration de garantie.
Para mais representantes e agências, consulte www.sick.com ∙ Alterações
poderão ser feitas sem prévio aviso ∙ As características do produto e os
dados técnicos apresentados não constituem declaração de garantia.
Flere repræsentanter og agenturer på www.sick.com ∙ Med forbehold for
ændringer og fejl ∙ De anførte produktegenskaber og tekniske data udgør
ikke nogen garantierklæring.
Altri rappresentanti ed agenzie si trovano su www.sick.com ∙ Contenuti
soggetti a modiche senza preavviso ∙ Le caratteristiche del prodotto e i dati
tecnici non rappresentano una dichiarazione di garanzia.
Meer vestigingen en vertegenwoordigingen vindt u op www.sick.com ∙
Wijzigingen en correcties voorbehouden ∙ Aangegeven producteigenschap-
pen en technische gegevens vormen geen garantieverklaring.
Más representantes y agencias en www.sick.com ∙ Sujeto a cambio sin
previo aviso ∙ Las características y los datos técnicos especicados no
constituyen ninguna declaración de garantía.
欲了解更多代表机构和代理商信息,请登录 www.sick.com
如有更改, 不另行通知对所给出的产品特性和技术参数
的正确性不予保证。.
SICK AG, Erwin-Sick-Strasse 1, D-79183 Waldkirch
Please note the validity of the additional operating
instructions for automation functions
WTB16 A00
8388956
507133236
8021052 0717
9253117 0717
9253110 ZNY8 (1.1.0)
Page 1 of 4
1
ro = read only, wo = write only, rw = read/write
2
COM values specify the bitrate (see IO-Link specification): COM1 (4,8 kbit/s), COM2 (38,4 kbit/s), COM3 (230,4 kbit/s)
3
Subindex access not supported
ENGLISH
SICK device specific
Index
dec
(hex)
Name Format
(Offset)
Length Access
1
Default
Value
Value / Range Remark [Unit]
13
(0x0D)
Profile characteristic Array
3
10 Byte ro Unsigned Integer16 [5]
14
(0x0E)
PDInput descriptor Array
3
6 Byte ro Octet String [2]
15
(0x0F)
PDOutput descriptor Array
3
3 Byte ro Octet String [1]
58
(0x3A)
Teach-in channel UInt 8 Bit rw 0 0...2 = Default BDC
59
(0x3B)
Teach-in state Record
3
1 Byte ro
1
(0x01)
Teach flags Bit (4) 1 Bit ro false = Teachpoint 1 not taught
true = Teachpoint 1 successfully taught
2
(0x02)
Teach state Bit (0) 4 Bit ro 0 = IDLE
1 = SP1 SUCCESS
5 = BUSY
60
(0x3C)
Qint.1 SP1 / SP2 Record
3
3 Byte rw
1
(0x01)
SP1 sensing range Bit (8) 16 Bit rw 100...1100 Default value device specific
[mm]
2
(0x02)
SP2 sensing range Bit (0) 8 Bit rw 0 = SP2 not used
61
(0x3D)
Qint.1 configuration Record
3
4 Byte rw
1
(0x01)
Switchpoint logic Bit (24) 8 Bit rw 128 128 = Vendor specific
2
(0x02)
Switchpoint mode Bit (16) 8 Bit rw 128 128 = Vendor specific
3
(0x03)
Switchpoint hysteresis Bit (0) 16 Bit rw 0 0 = Autodefined hysteresis
62
(0x3E)
Qint.2 SP1 / SP2 Record
3
3 Byte rw
1
(0x01)
SP1 sensing range Bit (8) 16 Bit rw 100...1100 Default value device specific
2
(0x02)
SP2 sensing range Bit (0) 8 Bit rw 0 = SP2 not used
63
(0x3F)
Qint.2 configuration Record
3
4 Byte rw
1
(0x01)
Switchpoint logic Bit (24) 8 Bit rw 128 128 = Vendor specific
2
(0x02)
Switchpoint mode Bit (16) 8 Bit rw 128 128 = Vendor specific
3
(0x03)
Switchpoint hysteresis Bit (0) 16 Bit rw 0 0 = Autodefined hysteresis
64
(0x40)
Device / function name String 32 Byte rw *******
97
(0x61)
Sender configuration UInt 8 Bit rw 0 0 = Sender active
1 = Sender not active
114
(0x72)
Quality of teach UInt 8 Bit ro 0...100 [%]
121
(0x79)
Pin 2 configuration UInt 8 Bit rw 0 = Deactivated / no function
1 = External input
16 = Sender off
17 = Teach-in
32 = Detection output Q/
34 = Switching signal QL2
35 = Detection output Qint.1
39 = Switching signal QL1
204
(0xCC)
Find me UInt 8 Bit rw 0 0 = Find me deactivated
1 = Find me activated
205
(0xCD)
SICK profile version String 4 Byte ro
219
(0xDB)
Article No. Record 7 Byte ro
1
(0x01)
Article No. IO-Link Device Bit (0) 7 Byte ro
Australia
Phone +61 3 9457 0600
Belgium/Luxembourg
Phone +32 (0)2 466 55 66
Brasil
Phone +55 11 3215-4900
Canada
Phone +1 905 771 14 44
Česká republika
Phone +420 2 57 91 18 50
China
Phone +86 4000 121 000
+852-2153 6300
Danmark
Phone +45 45 82 64 00
Deutschland
Phone +49 211 5301-301
España
Phone +34 93 480 31 00
France
Phone +33 1 64 62 35 00
Great Britain
Phone +44 (0)1727 831121
India
Phone +91–22–4033 8333
Israel
Phone +972-4-6801000
Italia
Phone +39 02 27 43 41
Japan
Phone +81 (0)3 5309 2112
Magyarország
Phone +36 1 371 2680
Nederland
Phone +31 (0)30 229 25 44
Österreich
Phone +43 (0)22 36 62 28 8-0
Norge
Phone +47 67 81 50 00
Polska
Phone +48 22 837 40 50
România
Phone +40 356 171 120
Russia
Phone +7-495-775-05-30
Schweiz
Phone +41 41 619 29 39
Singapore
Phone +65 6744 3732
Slovenija
Phone +386 (0)1-47 69 990
South Africa
Phone +27 11 472 3733
South Korea
Phone +82 2 786 6321/4
Suomi
Phone +358-9-25 15 800
Sverige
Phone +46 10 110 10 00
Taiwan
Phone +886-2-2375-6288
Türkiye
Phone +90 (216) 528 50 00
United Arab Emirates
Phone +971 (0) 4 8865 878
USA/México
Phone +1(952) 941-6780
BZ int43
Please find detailed addresses and additional representatives and agencies in
all major industrial nations at www.sick.com
-------------------------------------------------------------- - -------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
More representatives and agencies at www.sick.com ∙ Subject to change
without notice ∙ The specied product features and technical data do not
represent any guarantee.
Weitere Niederlassungen nden Sie unter www.sick.com ∙ Irrtümer
und Änderungen vorbehalten ∙ Angegebene Produkteigenschaften und
technische Daten stellen keine Garantieerklärung dar.
Plus de représentations et d’agences à l’adresse www.sick.com ∙ Sujet à
modication sans préavis ∙ Les caractéristiques de produit et techniques
indiquées ne constituent pas de déclaration de garantie.
Para mais representantes e agências, consulte www.sick.com ∙ Alterações
poderão ser feitas sem prévio aviso ∙ As características do produto e os
dados técnicos apresentados não constituem declaração de garantia.
Flere repræsentanter og agenturer på www.sick.com ∙ Med forbehold for
ændringer og fejl ∙ De anførte produktegenskaber og tekniske data udgør
ikke nogen garantierklæring.
Altri rappresentanti ed agenzie si trovano su www.sick.com ∙ Contenuti
soggetti a modiche senza preavviso ∙ Le caratteristiche del prodotto e i dati
tecnici non rappresentano una dichiarazione di garanzia.
Meer vestigingen en vertegenwoordigingen vindt u op www.sick.com ∙
Wijzigingen en correcties voorbehouden ∙ Aangegeven producteigenschap-
pen en technische gegevens vormen geen garantieverklaring.
Más representantes y agencias en www.sick.com ∙ Sujeto a cambio sin
previo aviso ∙ Las características y los datos técnicos especicados no
constituyen ninguna declaración de garantía.
欲了解更多代表机构和代理商信息,请登录 www.sick.com
如有更改, 不另行通知对所给出的产品特性和技术参数
的正确性不予保证。.
SICK AG, Erwin-Sick-Strasse 1, D-79183 Waldkirch
Please note the validity of the additional operating
instructions for automation functions
WTB16 A00
8388956
507133236
8021052 0717
9253117 0717
9253110 ZNY8 (1.1.0)
Page 2 of 4
1
ro = read only, wo = write only, rw = read/write
2
COM values specify the bitrate (see IO-Link specification): COM1 (4,8 kbit/s), COM2 (38,4 kbit/s), COM3 (230,4 kbit/s)
3
Subindex access not supported
ENGLISH
SICK device specific
Index
dec
(hex)
Name Format
(Offset)
Length Access
1
Default
Value
Value / Range Remark [Unit]
226
(0xE2)
System state Record
3
1 Byte ro
1
(0x01)
Detection output Q.int Bit (0) 1 Bit ro false = No object detected
true = Object detected
227
(0xE3)
Notification handling UInt 8 Bit rw 0 0 = All enabled
1 = All disabled
2 = Events enabled, PD invalid flag disabled
3 = Events disabled, PD invalid flag enabled
1080
(0x438
)
SLTI Version String 8 Byte ro
1083
(0x43
B)
Logic 1 UInt 8 Bit rw 0 = DIRECT
1 = AND
2 = OR
3 = Window Mode
4 = Hysteresis
1084
(0x43C
)
Logic 2 UInt 8 Bit rw 0 = DIRECT
1 = AND
2 = OR
3 = Window Mode
4 = Hysteresis
1085
(0x43
D)
Timer 1 Mode UInt 8 Bit rw 0 0 = deactivated
1 = T-on delay
2 = T-off delay
3 = T-on/T-off delay
4 = Impulse (one shot)
1086
(0x43E
)
Timer 2 Mode UInt 8 Bit rw 0 0 = deactivated
1 = T-on delay
2 = T-off delay
3 = T-on/T-off delay
4 = Impulse (one shot)
1087
(0x43F
)
Time 1 Setup UInt 16 Bit rw 1 1...30000 [ms]
1088
(0x440
)
Time 2 Setup UInt 16 Bit rw 1 1...30000 [ms]
1089
(0x441
)
Inverter 1 UInt 8 Bit rw 0 = not inverted
1 = inverted
1090
(0x442
)
Inverter 2 UInt 8 Bit rw 0 = not inverted
1 = inverted
Standard command
Index
dec
(hex)
Access
1
Value Name Remark [Unit]
2
(0x02)
Standard Command wo 65 Single value teach
130 Restore Factory Settings
Events
Code
dec
(hex)
Name Type Remark [Unit]
36000
(0x8CA
0)
Short Circuit on Qx Notification Short circuit on outputs
36001
(0x8CA
1)
New parameters Notification Parameters have been changed
36005
(0x8CA
5)
Teach / value out of specified range Notification Teach / distance value out of specified range
Australia
Phone +61 3 9457 0600
Belgium/Luxembourg
Phone +32 (0)2 466 55 66
Brasil
Phone +55 11 3215-4900
Canada
Phone +1 905 771 14 44
Česká republika
Phone +420 2 57 91 18 50
China
Phone +86 4000 121 000
+852-2153 6300
Danmark
Phone +45 45 82 64 00
Deutschland
Phone +49 211 5301-301
España
Phone +34 93 480 31 00
France
Phone +33 1 64 62 35 00
Great Britain
Phone +44 (0)1727 831121
India
Phone +91–22–4033 8333
Israel
Phone +972-4-6801000
Italia
Phone +39 02 27 43 41
Japan
Phone +81 (0)3 5309 2112
Magyarország
Phone +36 1 371 2680
Nederland
Phone +31 (0)30 229 25 44
Österreich
Phone +43 (0)22 36 62 28 8-0
Norge
Phone +47 67 81 50 00
Polska
Phone +48 22 837 40 50
România
Phone +40 356 171 120
Russia
Phone +7-495-775-05-30
Schweiz
Phone +41 41 619 29 39
Singapore
Phone +65 6744 3732
Slovenija
Phone +386 (0)1-47 69 990
South Africa
Phone +27 11 472 3733
South Korea
Phone +82 2 786 6321/4
Suomi
Phone +358-9-25 15 800
Sverige
Phone +46 10 110 10 00
Taiwan
Phone +886-2-2375-6288
Türkiye
Phone +90 (216) 528 50 00
United Arab Emirates
Phone +971 (0) 4 8865 878
USA/México
Phone +1(952) 941-6780
BZ int43
Please find detailed addresses and additional representatives and agencies in
all major industrial nations at www.sick.com
-------------------------------------------------------------- - -------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
More representatives and agencies at www.sick.com ∙ Subject to change
without notice ∙ The specied product features and technical data do not
represent any guarantee.
Weitere Niederlassungen nden Sie unter www.sick.com ∙ Irrtümer
und Änderungen vorbehalten ∙ Angegebene Produkteigenschaften und
technische Daten stellen keine Garantieerklärung dar.
Plus de représentations et d’agences à l’adresse www.sick.com ∙ Sujet à
modication sans préavis ∙ Les caractéristiques de produit et techniques
indiquées ne constituent pas de déclaration de garantie.
Para mais representantes e agências, consulte www.sick.com ∙ Alterações
poderão ser feitas sem prévio aviso ∙ As características do produto e os
dados técnicos apresentados não constituem declaração de garantia.
Flere repræsentanter og agenturer på www.sick.com ∙ Med forbehold for
ændringer og fejl ∙ De anførte produktegenskaber og tekniske data udgør
ikke nogen garantierklæring.
Altri rappresentanti ed agenzie si trovano su www.sick.com ∙ Contenuti
soggetti a modiche senza preavviso ∙ Le caratteristiche del prodotto e i dati
tecnici non rappresentano una dichiarazione di garanzia.
Meer vestigingen en vertegenwoordigingen vindt u op www.sick.com ∙
Wijzigingen en correcties voorbehouden ∙ Aangegeven producteigenschap-
pen en technische gegevens vormen geen garantieverklaring.
Más representantes y agencias en www.sick.com ∙ Sujeto a cambio sin
previo aviso ∙ Las características y los datos técnicos especicados no
constituyen ninguna declaración de garantía.
欲了解更多代表机构和代理商信息,请登录 www.sick.com
如有更改, 不另行通知对所给出的产品特性和技术参数
的正确性不予保证。.
SICK AG, Erwin-Sick-Strasse 1, D-79183 Waldkirch
Please note the validity of the additional operating
instructions for automation functions
WTB16 A00
8388956
507133236
8021052 0717
9253117 0717
9253110 ZNY8 (1.1.0)
Page 3 of 4
1
ro = read only, wo = write only, rw = read/write
2
COM values specify the bitrate (see IO-Link specification): COM1 (4,8 kbit/s), COM2 (38,4 kbit/s), COM3 (230,4 kbit/s)
3
Subindex access not supported
ENGLISH
Error
Code
dec
(hex)
Additional Code Name Remark [Unit]
128
(0x80)
17 (0x11) Index not available Access occurs to a not existing index
128
(0x80)
18 (0x12) Subindex not available Access occurs to a not existing subindex
128
(0x80)
32 (0x20) Service temporarily not available Parameter is not accessible due to the current state of the device application
128
(0x80)
35 (0x23) Access denied Write access on a read-only parameter
128
(0x80)
48 (0x30) Parameter value out of range Written parameter value is outside its permitted value range
128
(0x80)
51 (0x33) Parameter length overrun Written parameter length is above its predefined length
128
(0x80)
52 (0x34) Parameter length underrun Written parameter length is below its predefined length
128
(0x80)
64 (0x40) Invalid parameter set Written single parameter collides with other actual parameter settings
128
(0x80)
65 (0x41) Inconsistent parameter set Parameter inconsistencies were found at the end of block parameter transfer, device plausibility check failed
Australia
Phone +61 3 9457 0600
Belgium/Luxembourg
Phone +32 (0)2 466 55 66
Brasil
Phone +55 11 3215-4900
Canada
Phone +1 905 771 14 44
Česká republika
Phone +420 2 57 91 18 50
China
Phone +86 4000 121 000
+852-2153 6300
Danmark
Phone +45 45 82 64 00
Deutschland
Phone +49 211 5301-301
España
Phone +34 93 480 31 00
France
Phone +33 1 64 62 35 00
Great Britain
Phone +44 (0)1727 831121
India
Phone +91–22–4033 8333
Israel
Phone +972-4-6801000
Italia
Phone +39 02 27 43 41
Japan
Phone +81 (0)3 5309 2112
Magyarország
Phone +36 1 371 2680
Nederland
Phone +31 (0)30 229 25 44
Österreich
Phone +43 (0)22 36 62 28 8-0
Norge
Phone +47 67 81 50 00
Polska
Phone +48 22 837 40 50
România
Phone +40 356 171 120
Russia
Phone +7-495-775-05-30
Schweiz
Phone +41 41 619 29 39
Singapore
Phone +65 6744 3732
Slovenija
Phone +386 (0)1-47 69 990
South Africa
Phone +27 11 472 3733
South Korea
Phone +82 2 786 6321/4
Suomi
Phone +358-9-25 15 800
Sverige
Phone +46 10 110 10 00
Taiwan
Phone +886-2-2375-6288
Türkiye
Phone +90 (216) 528 50 00
United Arab Emirates
Phone +971 (0) 4 8865 878
USA/México
Phone +1(952) 941-6780
BZ int43
Please find detailed addresses and additional representatives and agencies in
all major industrial nations at www.sick.com
-------------------------------------------------------------- - -------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
More representatives and agencies at www.sick.com ∙ Subject to change
without notice ∙ The specied product features and technical data do not
represent any guarantee.
Weitere Niederlassungen nden Sie unter www.sick.com ∙ Irrtümer
und Änderungen vorbehalten ∙ Angegebene Produkteigenschaften und
technische Daten stellen keine Garantieerklärung dar.
Plus de représentations et d’agences à l’adresse www.sick.com ∙ Sujet à
modication sans préavis ∙ Les caractéristiques de produit et techniques
indiquées ne constituent pas de déclaration de garantie.
Para mais representantes e agências, consulte www.sick.com ∙ Alterações
poderão ser feitas sem prévio aviso ∙ As características do produto e os
dados técnicos apresentados não constituem declaração de garantia.
Flere repræsentanter og agenturer på www.sick.com ∙ Med forbehold for
ændringer og fejl ∙ De anførte produktegenskaber og tekniske data udgør
ikke nogen garantierklæring.
Altri rappresentanti ed agenzie si trovano su www.sick.com ∙ Contenuti
soggetti a modiche senza preavviso ∙ Le caratteristiche del prodotto e i dati
tecnici non rappresentano una dichiarazione di garanzia.
Meer vestigingen en vertegenwoordigingen vindt u op www.sick.com ∙
Wijzigingen en correcties voorbehouden ∙ Aangegeven producteigenschap-
pen en technische gegevens vormen geen garantieverklaring.
Más representantes y agencias en www.sick.com ∙ Sujeto a cambio sin
previo aviso ∙ Las características y los datos técnicos especicados no
constituyen ninguna declaración de garantía.
欲了解更多代表机构和代理商信息,请登录 www.sick.com
如有更改, 不另行通知对所给出的产品特性和技术参数
的正确性不予保证。.
SICK AG, Erwin-Sick-Strasse 1, D-79183 Waldkirch
Please note the validity of the additional operating
instructions for automation functions
WTB16 A00
8388956
507133236
8021052 0717
9253117 0717
9253110 ZNY8 (1.1.0)
Page 4 of 4
  • Page 1 1
  • Page 2 2
  • Page 3 3
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SICK WTB16 Instrucciones de operación

Tipo
Instrucciones de operación